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Full text of "A biographical history of England : from Egbert the Great to the revolution: consisting of characters disposed in different classes, and adapted to a methodical catalogue of engraved British heads: intended as an essay towards reducing our biography to system, and a help to the knowledge of portraits: interspersed with a variety of anecdotes, and memoirs of a great number of persons ... With a preface ..."

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0     UNIVERSITY     UBRARJES        STANFORD 


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UNIVERSITY 


BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 


OF 


ENGLAND, 

^tom  lEgbttt  tfie  <Steat  to  tfie  Uebolntioni 

CONSISTING    OF 

CHARACTERS  DISPOSED  IN  DIFFERENT  CLASSES, 

AND  ADAPTED    TO 

METHODICAL    CATALOGUE    OF    ENGRAVED    BRITISH    HEADS 

INTENDED  AS 

AN  ESSAY  TOWARDS  REDUCING  OUR  BIOGRAPHY  TO  SYSTEM,  AND 
A  HELP  TO  THE  KNOWLEDGE  OF  PORTRAITS  : 

INTERSPERSED  WITH 

A  VARIETY  OF  ANECDOTES, 

AND 

MEMOIRS  OF  A  GREAT  NUMBER  OF  PERSONS, 

NOT  TO  BE  FOUND  IN  ANT  OTHER  BIOOEAPHICAL  WORK. 

WITH  A  PREFACE, 

SHEWING  THE  OTIUTY  OF  A  COLLECTION  OF  ENGRAVED  PORTRAITS  TO  SUPPLY  THE 
DEFECT,  AND  ANSWER  THE  VARIOUS  PURPOSES,  OF  MEDALS. 


BY   THE    REV.    J.  GRANGER, 

VICAR  OF  SHIPLAKE,  IN  OXFORDSHIRE. 


Aiiimom  pictar&  pascit  inaDi. — Virg. 
Celebrare  domestica  facta. — Hor. 


FIFTH  EDITION, 

WITH  UPWARDS  OF  FOUR  HUNDRED  ADDITIONAL  LIVES. 

IN  SIX  VOLUMES: 

VOL.  V. 


LONDON: 

PRINTED  FOR  WILLIAM  BAYNES  AND  SON, 

PATIRNOSTBR  ROW:  » 

t^  SOLD  BY  W.  CLARKE,  NEW  BOND  STREET;  J.  MAJOR,  FLEET  STREET;  J.  AND  J.  ARCH, 
CORNHILL:  J.  PARKER,  OXFORD:  DEIGHTON  AND  SONS,  CAMBRIDGE: 
H.  S.  BAYNES  AND  CO.  EDINBURGH;  AND  R.  M.  TIMS,  DUBUN« 


1824. 


»-'•»•■ 


Printed  by  J.  F.  Dove,  St  John's  Square. 


BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 


OF 


ENGLAND. 


REIGN^  OF  CHARLES  II.  CONTINUED. 


CLASS  IV. 

THE    CLERGY. 
ARCHBISHOPS  AND  BISHOPS. 

GiLBERTUS  SHELDON,  archiepiscopus  Cantuari- 
ensis  ;  half  length ;  h.  sh.  mezz. 

The  print  exactly  corresponds  with  the  original  painting  of  him 
in  the  theatre  at  Oxford.  There  is  another  original  at  Amesbury> 
similar  to  the  former. 

GiLBERTUS  Sheldon  ;  a  head  copied,  from  this 
prints  by  VerttLC ;  large  4to. 

GiLBERTUS  Sheldon,  &c.  -D.  Loggan  ad  vivum 
del.  et  sc.  This  was  done  when  he  was  bishop  of 
London. 

Archbishop  Sheldon  ;  an  engravings  Sva.  copied 
from  the  larger  mezzotinto. 

Archbishop  Sheldon  ;  ^vo.  mezz. 

Gilbert  Sheldon,  &c.   Clamp. 

VOL.  ▼.  B 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


lated 
Lon- 


GiLBERT  Sheldon,  &c.     Gardiner;  4to.  1797. 

There  is  a  good  print  of  his  monument  in  Croydon  church,  in 
Lyson's  "  Environs  of  London." 

Gilbert  Sheldon.     T.  Nugent  sc.    In  Harding's 
"  Biographical  Mirrour,''  1793. 

Archbishop  Sheldon  was  some  time  warden  of  All-Souls  CoUege, 
^""  in  Oxford,  and  clerk  of  the  closet  to  Charles  I.  who  had  a  great 
esteem  for  him.  He  was,  upon  the  restoration  of  Charles  XL  who 
knew  his  worth,  and  during  his  exile  had  experienced  his  munifi- 
cence, made  dean  of  the  chapel  royal.  He  was  afterward  succes- 
sively promoted  to  the  sees  of  London  and  Canterbury,  in  both 
which  he  succeeded  Dr.  Juxon.  His  benevolent  heart,  public  spirit, 
prudent  conduct,  and  exemplary  piety,  merited  the  highest  and  most 
conspicuous  station  in  the  church**  He  expended,  in  public  and 
private  benefactions,  and  acts  of  charity,  no  less  than  66,000/.  as 
appeared  from  his  accounts.  Much  of  this  money  was  appropriated 
to  the  relief  of  the  necessitous  in  the  time  of  the  plague,  and  to  tk 
redemption  of  Christian  slaves.  Tlie  building  only  of  the  theatre 
in  Oxford  cost  bim  16,000/.  This  structure  alone  is  sufficient  to 
perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  founder  and  the  architect  (K» 
9  Nov.  1677, 

RICHARDUS   STERNE,    archiepiscopus   Eborar 
censis.  F.  Place  f.  large  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Richard  Sterne.  Harding  sc.  1799. 


ilated 
Car- 
fune 
664. 


I. .  ."• 


Richard  Sterne,  who  was  educated  at  Cambridge,  was,^  ift^^ABj 
reign  (^Charles  I.  master  of  Jesus  College  in  that  universityif  |od^ 
chaplain  to  Archbishop  Laud.  -Upon  the  commencemeixt<af  wi| 
civil  war,  when  the  kind's  necessities  were  very  urgent,  be,  aoA  se- 
veral others  of  the  heads  of  houses,  were  very  instrumental  in  send' 

*  Dr.  Eachardy  ia  the  Dedication  of  his  second  Dialogue  against  Hdifeiei^flJ^j 
thM  he  was  able  to  live  down  many  "  Leviathans.'* 

>  III  the .«« Stra£M«  Pap^rn,'*  voL  I  p.  208,1^  this  passage,  in  a  lettsr  <»f^C^ 
to  the  lord-deputj  Wentworth :    "  The  lonfp^cUipputed  businea^  fvt  thtk 
St.  John's  CoUege,  in  Cambridge,  is  now  at  an  end,  &cc,  and  one  Sterne,  t 
scholar,  who  first  summed^u]^  4^e  thiee  thoits^tnd  and  si^  bundped  finriti  l^.i 
in  our  printed  Bibles  of  London,  is  by  his  Majesty's  direction  to  the  Bishop  of  ^ 
who  elects  thei'e,  made  master  9i  J^u«  Colie^."     -  .  .         ;  ; 


n 


TAN  FORD    UNIVERSITY    UBRARIES      STAN  FOR 


NIVERSITY 


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UNIVERS 


BRARIES     STANFORD  UNIVERSITY  Ll BRARI E 


FAN  FORD 


NIVERSir 


BRARIES 


g'H  of 

Dr.  David  Harris 


SITY     LIBRARIES    ■   STANFORD     UNIVERSITY     LIBR 


!IES         STANFORD   UNIVERSITY     LIBRARIES 


4  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

t5,  against  popery,  though  it  gave  great  offence  to  the  king.  His  ex- 
ample wasx  followed  by  the  other  bishops.  He  was  editor  of  the 
"  Gentleman's  Calling,"  supposed  to  be  written  by  the  author  of 
the  "  Whole  Duty  of  Man."*     Ob.  Oct.  1675. 

HENRICUS  COMPTONUS,  episcopus  Londinen- 
sis.  Loggan  sc.  1679  ;  large  h.  sh. — Henry  Compton 
was  successor  to  Bishop  Henchman  in  the  see  of  Lon- 
don.   There  is  some  account  of  him  in  the  next  reign. 

JOHANNES  COSIN,  episcopus  Dunelmensis.  W. 
Dolle  sc.    Before  his  "  History  of  Transubstantiationy 
1676 ;  8w. 

John  Cosiu  was  master  of  Peter-house,  in  Cambridge,  and  dean 
of  Peterborough,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  in  which  he  enjoyed 
several  other  considerable  preferments.  He  was  accused  of  intro- 
ducing superstitious  innovations  in  the  church  of  Durham,  of  which 
he  was  then  a  prebendary,t  by  Peter  Snxart,  who  had  been  pro- 
secuted by  him  for  preaching  against  episcopacy.  He  held  Un 
deanery  but  a  short  time,  as  he  was  the  first  of  the  clergy  who  were 
sequestered  from  their  dignities  and  benefices  by  the  parliamentt 
In  1643,  he  retired  to  Paris,  where  he  was  appointed  chaplain  to 
the  Protestant  part  of  Queen  Henrietta's  family.  He  succeeded  Dr.; 
Morton  in  the  see  of  Durham;  and  while  he  sat  in  that  see,  expended, 
more  than  36,000/.  in  public  and  private  charities  and  benefactioiUL 
He  died  Jan.  15,  1671-2,  in  the  78th  year  of  his  age«  His  prin« 
cipal  work,  which  sh^ws  him  to  have  been  a  man  of  learning,  is  hi& 
"  Scholastical  History  of  the  Canon  of  the  Holy  Scripture ;''  a  book, 
still  in  esteem.  The  first  edition  was  published  in  1657,  the  second 
in  1672;  4ta. 

BRIAN  DUPPA,  quondam  episcopus  Wintoniensis. 
R.  W.  (White)  sc.  Before  his  "  Holy  Rules  and  Helps 
of  Devotion,''^  8gc.  small  \2mo.  1674. 

*  See  the  epistle  prefixed  to  the  octavo  edition  of  that  book. 

t  He  is,  in  Rapines  '*  History,"  said  to  have  been  dean ;  but  this  is  a  mistake,  r. 

t  He  ms  installed  dean  in  November,  1640. 


OF   ENGLAND.        ■  ■  <  5 

There  is  a  poitnut  of  bhn  at  Cbiist  Church,  in  Oxford,  of  which 

college  be  was  dean. 

Brian  Duppa,  who  was  successively  promoted  to  the  bishoprics  Translated 
of  Chichester  and  Salisbury  by  Charles  I.  was,  upon  the  restoration  ^™  *^**" 
of  Charles  II.  advanced  to  the  see  of  Winchester.     He  had  been  4,1660. 
preceptor  to  the  latter  of  these  princes,  and  was,  in  all  respects,  well 
qualified  for  that  important  ofiBce.     He  was  a  very  handsome  per- 
sonage, of  a  graceful  deportment,  and  of  an  irreproachable  life* 
He  Uved  in  retirement  at  Richmond  during  the  usurpation ;  and  was 
then  hospitable,  generous,  and  charitable,  to  a  degree  beyond  his 
fortune.     He  is  said  to  have  received  50,000/.  for  fines,  soon  after 
his  translation  to  Winchester.     It  is  certain  that  he  remitted  no  less 
than  30,000/.  to  his  tenants,  and  that  he  left  16,000/.  to  be  expend- 
ed in  acts  of  charity  and  munificence.     He  left  legacies  to  Christ 
Church,  and  All-Souls  College,  in  Oxford ;  and  to  the  several  cathe- 
drals in  which  he  sat  as  bishop;  and  founded  an  almshouse  at 
Richmond.     The  king  asked  his  blessing  on  his  knees,  as  he  lay  on 
his  death-bed.    He  died  March  26,  1662.     He  was  author  of  ser- 
mons, and  several  books  of  devotion.     When  he  was  bishop  of 
Chichester,  he  published  his  '*  Jonsonius  Verbius,"  which  is  a  coU 
lection  of  verses  in  pnuse  of  Ben  Jonson  and  his  works,  by  above 
thirty  different  hands. 

GEORGE  MORLEY,  bishop  of  Winchester.  P. 
Lely  p.  R.  Tompson^  exc.  large  h.  sh.  mezz. 

George  Morley,  &c.  Lely  p.  Vertue  sc.  1740, 
In  the  collection  of  General  Dormery  at  Rowsham. 
Illust.  Head. 

George  Morlet,  &c.  in  the  "  Oxford  Almanack^^ 
1744.  . 

George  Morley,  &c.  sitting  in  a  chair;  h.  sh. 

mezzi 

1      This  print,  as  I  learn  from  Vertue's  manuscript ,  was 
done  by  Vansomer. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Christ  Church,  in  Oxford,  of  which 
^  was  canon,  and  afterward  dean. 
There  is  another  by  Sir  Peter  Lely,  at  Amesbury. 


OF   l^VGLAVD.  7 

ftterlfewm  who  was.  a  fdlov  of  Si,  Jofan*8  C^ege,  left  that  Transhte^ 
lod^  vjpon  the  oommencesnent  of  th«  ciyil  war,  tmd  enteted  into  ^?J^^ 
(ktofMi^um^,  where,  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  a  captain.  ^yZ2 
fle  wsed  the  king  hoth  in  England  and  Scotland,  and  afterward  ter,29No 
rafted  beyond  the  seas.    In  the  time  of  the  interregnum,  he  entered 
into  holy  orders,  and  wasj  by  a  relation,  presented  to  the  rectory  of 
lamboum,  in  Essex,  which  he  was  not  suffered  to  enjoy*    As  he 
kad  been  a  zealous  royalist,  preferments  were  heaped  upon  him  after 
tiie  restoration,  and  he  rose  by  the  usual  gradations  to  a  bishopric* 
ia  Fd>ruary,.  1672*3,  he  was  promoted  to  the  see  of  Bath  and 
Wella,  whence  he  was  translated  to  Winchester.    Mr.  Wood  tells 
us,  that  '*  when  he  sat  in  the  former  of  these  sees,  he  was  much  be- 
kred  and  admired  for  his  hospitality,  generosity,  justice,  and  fre- 
foent  preaching.''    Bishop  Burnet  represents  him  as  a  man  of 
very  slender  abilities,  with  a  small  pittance  of  learning,,  who  by  his 
zeal  and  obsequiousness  raised  himself  through  several  steps  to  his 
iogh  station  in  the  church.    In  1685,  he  again  appeared  in  arms 
to  oppose  the  Duke  of  Monmouth.     Ob,  Nov.  9,  1706. 

His  portrait  may  be  placed  in  the  next  reign,  in  which  it  was  pro- 
kMy  engraved.    See  the  reign  of  James  II. 

ROBERTUS  SANDERSON,  episcopus  Lincolni- 
ensis,  JEt.  76,  1662.  Zoggan,  sc.  h.  sh.  This  appears 
to  be  the  original  print. 

RoBERTUs   Sanderson,  episcopus   Lincolniensis. 
W.  Hollar/.  1668 ;  12mo, 

RoBERTus  Sanderson,  &c.  J?<.  76.  W.  Dolle  sc. 
Before  his  "  Sermons,  with  his  Life ;"  folio. 

RoBERTUs  Sanderson,  &c.  JEt.  76.  R.  White  sc. 
Before  his  "  Zj/e,"  1678 ;  %vo. 

Robert  Sanderson  ;  in  the  "  Oxford  Almanack,'' 
1733. 

Dr.  Sanderson,  who  stands  at  the  head  of  all  casuists,  ancient  ^f"^ 
or  modem,  .was  freqaently  oonsuked  by  Charles  J.    His  casuistry  i660. 


8 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


is  founded  on  the  clear  principles  of  truth  and  equity,  and  is 

different  from  that  which  hath  been  taught  in  the  schools  of 
Jesuits;  in  which  sophistry  was  substituted  for  argument^  and 
guise  and  mental  reservation  for  candour  and  sincerity.*    He 
especially  in  the  former  part  of  his  life^  remarkable  for  his  en 
modesty ;  an  infirmity  oftener  seen  in  men  of  the  quickest  sei 
and  the  best  understanding,  than  in  the  half-witted,  the  stupid, 
the  ignorant.     He  would  often  lament  this  weakness  to  his  inl 
friends.     His  Latin  lectures,  read  in  the  divinity  school  atOi 
are  well  known.f     His  Sermons  still  maintain  their  reputation 
clearness  of  reason  f  and  a  purity  of  style,  which  seems  to  be  the  i 
of  it.     Ob.  29  Jan.  1662-3. 

Archbishop  Usheir  has  given  us  a  just  and  admirable  chai 
of  this  great  [Mrelate^  which  may  been  seen  at  p.  531,  of  Llo] 
**  Memoirs  J* 

*  *       .  • 

NICHOLAS  MONCK,  lord-bishop  of  Hereford, 

~   *  TBe  moral  character  of  this  great  'md  good  man  has  lately  been  rasblji 
feebly  "attacked  by  the  author  of  the  Coitfational,t  snd  as  ably  defended  by  I 
author  of  "  A  Dialogue  between  Isaac  Walton  and  HomoIogistes."$    Every 
to  church-government  hath  been,  for  the  same  reason,  an  enemy  to  Bishop  Si 
and  every  other  prelate;  but  I  am  confident  tha^  the  uprightness  and  integ^< 
his  heart,  as  a  casuist,  was  njprer  before  called  in  question  by  any  man  who  wui 
an  entire  stranger  to '  his  character.'    He  saw  and  deplored,  and  did  his  at 
'honestly  and  ratwnallyf  to  remedy  the  complicated  ills  of  anarchy  in  churdi 
state ;  when  "  every  man  projected  and  reformed,  and  did  what  was  right  ia 
own  eyeiBr  No  image  can  better  express  such  a  condition,  than  that  of  a  dead 
in  a  state  of  putrefaction ;  when,  instead  of  one  noble  creature,  as  it  was  whea 
held  it  together,  there  are  ten  thousand  little  nanseous  reptiles  growmg  oot  d\ 
every  one  crawling  in  a  path  of  its  own."|| 

.  t  Casuistry. has  perhaps  jstarted  niore  difficulties  than  ever  it  solved ;  as 
is  more  common  than  for  scrupjes  to  multiply  upon  reflection.  Dr.  Sanderson ' 
frequently  embarrassed  in  nice  points,  and  was  sometimes  at  a  loss  to  know  wludij 
reason  should  preponderate,  among  the  variety  that  offered,  when  the  ckick  it"! 
ibrmed  him  that  it  was  time  to  read  his  lecture.  He  was  then  obliged  to  deteanHl 
from  necessity.  It  is  observable,  that  the  hasty  decbions  which  he  made  weng^j 
nerally  the  same  that  he  afterward  adhered  to,  upon  the  maturest  deliberation. 


Telumque  imbelle  sine  ictu 


Conjecit.  Viro. 

See  the  id  edit,  of  the  "  Confessional/'  betwixt  page  299,  and  313. 
I  Lond.  1768,  8vo. 
I  Modge'i^  *'  SermoBS.''  ^rmoh  on  the  Eviti  6f  Anarchy,  p.  86. 


Nicholas  MoNCE[,Br  of  Hebuford.  i6So 

Obit  1661.  aet  60. 


'2  Hr-^ii^uvtesfi^  KMM^sr.  Jj 


OF    ENGLAND.  9 

Jos.  Nutting  sc.  a  small  head^  with  several  others  of 
the  Rawlinson  family  ;  4to. 

Nicholas  Moxck,  bishop  of  Hereford,  1660  j  oval^ 
in  a  square  frame  y  small.    W.  Richardson. 

Nicholas  Monck  was  third  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Monck,  of  Pothe-  Coiuec. 
ridge,  in  Devonshire^*  and  brother  to  the  general.  He  lived  some  ^^^i. 
years  upon  a  small  benefice  in  that  county ;  but  was,  before  the 
restoration,  presented  by  Sir  John  Greenvile  to  the  rectory  of  Kilk- 
bampton,  worth  about  300/.  a  year.  Sir  John,  at  the  same  time, 
signified  to  him,  that  if  he  should  have  occasion  to  use  his  interest 
with  his  brother,  he  hoped  he  might  depend  upon  him :  Mr.  Monck 
assured  him  that  he  might.  He  was  afterward  employed  by  that 
gentleman  and  sent  to  Scotland  to  engage  the  general  in  the  king's 
service.  It  is  probable  that  the  arguments  he  used  had  their  due 
weight ;  but  he  could  not  prevail  with  his  brother  to  enter  into  con- 
fidence with  him.  His  near  relation  to  the  man  that  set  the  king 
upon  the  throne,  and  his  own  personal  services,  entitled  him  to 
preferment.  He  was  therefore  in  June,  1660,  made  provost  of 
Bton  College*  and  soon  after  promoted  to  the  bishopric  of  Here- 
ford. He  could  scarcely  be  said  to  enjoy  this  preferment,  as  he 
^ed  within  a  year  after  his  promotion,  on  the  17th  of  December, 
.1661. 

EDWARDUS  REYNOLDS,  episcopus,  Norvicen- 
sis.  R.  White  so.  12mo. 

Edward  Reynolds,  preacher  at  Lincoln*s-Inn,  and  one  of  the  Consec. 
assembly  of  divines,  was  by  the  authority  of  parliament,  preferred  i^!i.* 
to  the  deanery  of  Christ  Church,  in  Oxford,  on  the  12th  of  April, 
1648,  soon  after  the  ejection  of  Dr.  Samuel  Fell.  About  two  years 
^r,  he  was  himself  ejected,  and  Dr.  John  Owen,  who  was  as 
%hly  esteemed  and  revered  by  the  independents,  as  Dr.  Reynolds 
^  by  the  Presbyterians,  was  promoted  to  that  deanery,  which  he 

*  The  Moncks  of  Fotheridge  are  said  to  have  descended  ffoin  Arthur  Piantagenet, 
^iicoimt  lisle,  a  natural  son  of  Edward  IV.  It  is  asserted,  that  the  race  of  Plan- 
^*Saiet  became  extinct  with  that  of  Monck :  this  is  very  ioiprobabie,  as  the  Fi(s> 
^virds  were  doubtless  as  nnmeroas  as  the  Fitz-Cbarles's.  B«t  it  was  not  usoaf, 
b  the  age  of  Edward,  for  the  natural  sons  of  kings  to  be  created  dukes,  or  even  so 
inch  u  owned. 

▼OL.  V,  C 


10  DIOGHAPHICAL    HISTORY 

enjoyed  for  about  nine  years.  In  1659,  Dr.  Reynolds  was  agoii 
restored ;  but  the  next  year  was  obliged  to  give  place  to  Dr.  Morlej, 
who  was  appointed  dean  by  royal  authority.  The  king,  soon  aftei 
his  restoratton,  endeavoured  to  bring  over  to  the  church  some  of 
the  most  eminent  divines  among  the  diBBenlers,  by  offering  ihem 
dignities.  They  all  refused,  except  Dr.  Reynolds,  who  accepted 
of  the  bishopric  of  Norwich.  He  was  universally  allowed  to  be  a 
man  of  extraordinary  parts,  and  discovers  in  his  writings  a  richneH 
of  fancy,  as  well  as  a  solidity  of  judgment.  He  died  the  29tb  oE 
July,  1676,  and  was  buried  in  the  new  chapel  belonging  to  his 
palace,  which  was  built  at  his  own  expense. 


JOHN  RACKET,  bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry, 
Mt.  78,  ^c.  Faithoriie  sc.  Over  the  head  is  this  mom, 
"■  Serve  God  and  be  chear/uL''  There  is  a  character 
of  cheerfulness  in  his  countenance.*  This  head  is  pre- 
Ji.ied  to  his  "  Century  of  Sermons." 

JoHAKNis  Hace£t,  &c.  1G70.  Faitkome  sc. 
Svo. 

The  motto  of  this  worthy  prelate  was  perfectly  adapted  to  hti 
'■  character.  He  was  pious  and  humane,  learned  and  eloquent,  an' 
highly  esteemed  by  all  that  knew  him.  As  his  temper  was  natuiallj 
lively,  these  advantages  still  added  to  his  innate  cheerfulness,  and 
rendered  him  the  happy  man  that  he  appeared  to  be.  He  was  chap- 
lain in  ordinary  to  James  I.  who  preferred  him  to  the  rectories  of  St 
Andrew's,  Holborn,  and  Cheam,  in  Surrey. i-  He  was  in  the  oeit 
reign  promoted  to  a  prebend  and  residentiary's  place  in  the  chuich 
of  St.  Paul,  London ;  but  was  soon  after  forced  to  quit  that,  and 
hii  rectory  of  St.  Andrew's,  which  he  recovered  at  the  restoratioD-I 

*  Cliirkctei,  of  aitj  kind,  i:  the  strongest  preauioptive  proof  that  a  portniit  a  Hb 
the  person  represented. 

t  ■'  Biog.  Btil."  p.  9156. 

t  Dr.  Hnckct.  when  minister  of  St.  Andrew's,  HollKiin,  haclng,  soon  tl 
reitorationi  received  nolioe  of  the  internwiit  of  ■  fauatic,  belonging  tu  his  pmib. 
got  the  BdHbI  Office  b;  heart.  Ai  he  wni  a  great  muter  of  elocution,  md  wu 
himself  alwaji  alfeDlcd  with  the  proprietj  (nil  Mcellence  of  ihe  composition,  be  tc- 
livered  it  with  inch  ciiiphasiB  and  grace,  ai  tooclied  the  hearts  of  erprj  one  ji 
and  especiiill;  of  the  friends  of  the  deceived,  who  unanlmaualy  declared,  that  IkJ 
never  heard  a  finer  discourse.     But  hoii  Here  they  oaloniihed,  xlien  they  w» 


ohh.    , 


H.s  fa<e   I      J    ^er    hut  n,i   /.,  , 
TKut  lilcr  kijfime  n/oJ-  great  and  uncon/^n  'd, 
K/  ku»Mc  tax.,    and  h^ors  w^uld pr<,uent: 
BuO  -ui.rlues  Luitt  the  yrratejt    m-emcmeni, 
WAurk  a.U  tUtrourlr,^   l,n,e    cannot    de/are ^ 
Till  iht  tirorld  n/ants  loth  qra/ilude  ami  onu:e. 


FubAfmlU^fiS  hy'Whohard/'mJ\f3l  cftrunAjy 


OF    ENGLAND.  11 

Ele  wai,  the  year  after,  advanced  to  the  bishopric  of  Lichfield  and 
[Coventry.  He  caused  the  magnificent  cathedral,  which  Dr.  Plot 
i^alls  **  Uie  finest  public  building  in  England/'*  to  be  rep^ed  and 
i>eautified,  at  the  expense  of  20,000/.  He  wrote,  during  his  tetire- 
ment  widi  his  pupil  Sir  John  Byron,  at  Newstede  Abbey,  his  Latin 
comedy,  entitled,  '^Loyola,"  which  was  twice  acted  before  James  L 
His  "  Sermons,''  and  his  «  Life  of  Archbishop  Williams,"  to  whom 
he  was  domestic  diaplain,  were  published  after  his  decease.  The 
former  are  too  much  in  the  style  of  Bishop  Andrews ;  the  latter  is 
thought  to  be  too  favourable  to  the  character  of  the  archbishop. 
But  this  is  not  to  be  wondered  at,  as  it  is  as  difficult  for  a  good  na- 
tured  and  giatefiil  person  to  speak  ill  of  his  friend  and  patron,  as 
it  is  to  spe^  ai  of  hfanself.    Ob.  28  Oct.  1670,  JEt.  78. 

EDWAJU)  RAINB^^^  bishop  of  Carlisle,  JEi.  74. 
Sturt  sc.  Before  his  **  Life,''  by  Jonathan  Banks.-\ 
Six  English  verses.    Copied  by  Richardson. 

Edward  Rainbow  was  bom  at  Bliton,  near  Gainsborough,  in  Consec. 
Lincobshiie,  on  the  20th  of  April,  1608.    He  was  educated  at  ^^^.^^ 

that  it  was  taken  fiom  onr  LHnrgj,  a  book  which,  though  ihej  had  never  read,  they 
had  been  taoght  to  regard  with  contempt  «ad  detestation !( 

This  atory,  but  without  the  name  of  Dr.  Hacket,  who  was  certainlj  meant,  is 
drcunatanllaUy  told  In  Bidiop  Sprnt*!  cso^llent  Discouiae  to.his  Clergy,  1695, 
p.  15,  &c. 

*  The  west  fiANtfs  of  Uie  cathedrals  of  lichftelda  WeUs,  and  Peterborough,  are 
greatly  and  deservedly  admired :  so  is  the  church  of  Salisbury,  which  was  begun 
early  in  Henry  the  Third'a  reign,  and  finished  upon  a  settled  plan,  without  any 
variations ;  and  is  tiierefore  by  fiur  the  most  regular  of  all  onr  ancient  churches  ;$ 
bat  these  beantilnl  ai^d  magnificent  Gothic  structures  are  by  no  means  comparable 
to  the  cfaurch-of  St.  Ambrose  at  Milan,  and  the  cathedral  at  Rheiroa.  There  b  a 
fine  print  of  the  last  in  Beger's  Antiquities  of  that  place;  a  small  4to.  in  French! 

t  See  "  Athen.  Oxon/'  ii.  coll.  1158. 

%  Hie  worthy  Bishop  Bull,  when  a  parish-priest,  is  known  to  have  practised  the 
same  honest  art,  with  like  success,  in  using  other  offices  of  our  Liturgy.  See  bis 
"  life,"  p.  40  &  55. 

$  See  Bentham's  **  Hist.  &c.  of  the  Church  of  Ely/'  p.  38,  &c.  where  are  some 
excellent  remarks  on  our  Gothic  churches.  [In  Mr.  Grose's  beautiful  and  curious 
work,  is  a  no  less  excellent  account  of  the  Saxon  architecture.]  There  are  two  prints 
of  the  cathedral  of  Salisbury  worth  the  reader's  notice :  the  one  drawn  by  Jackson, 
and  engraved  by  Fougeron;  the  other,  an  inside  view,  drawn  by  Biddlecombe, 
a  gentleman's  servant,  and  engraved  by  Miller,  who  used  to  write  his  name 
M'dller. 


12  BIOGRAPHICAL    filSTOET 


Magdaleo  CoDe^,  in  Camhndge,  of  ^^lidi  iie  wwm  some  tooe 
ter.  He  ga:ve  earir  prooft  of  liie  qnidoiaB  sad  WSincf 
{Mills,  by  SD  estemporary  ipwy.li,  ipnfcfw  at  a  pnhiir  wtit^  lA 
vas  called  upon  to  n^pij  '^  plaoe  of  liie  pnvarioctoEy*  lA 
OKlered,  by  theTioe<lmiioenar,  tobepaDoddovniiDrlBBSOH 
He  aftenrajrd  aoqnitted  bmadf  widi  banoar  a  sn  iiwiaiiBi 
senoQon,  pteaxdied,  at  'die  request  of  lihe  vioe-cbaoeBor,  1 
Ibe  uQiTenity;  the  penon  wbxme  tm  iLwam  to  fMMdi  fid 
perfonn  his  duty.  He  was  cekbntad  ibr  Ins  dofMBoe  i 
pulpit ;  but  hb  style  was,  in  the  fanner  pntcf  his  fife,  too 
and  bordering,  at  least,  upon  affisctatkan,  a  fedt  wfikli  he 
ward  o(MTected«  He  was  a  man  of  polile  ■■■■eB,  una 
learning,  axid  of  exemplary  piety  and  cbmatf.  He  dfad  c 
1^6th  of  Idarch,  1684.  Tbeie  are  only  fimr  of  Us 
the  OKMrt  considerable  of  which  is  that  whidi  he 
funeral  of  Anne,  countess  of  Pembrc^,  I>oraet,  and  Montgc 
There  runs  through  all  his  works  a  vein  of  the  pedantiy  of  d 
former  reigns. 

6ETHU6    WARDUS,    episcopos    Salisbuii 
I^gS^^  ^c.  1678 ;  large  h.  sh. 

Seth  Ward,  &c.  mezz. 

Seth  Ward  ;  an  etching.  (Claumn)  Richat 

Seth  Waed  ;  in  the  "  Oxford  Almanack^  17J 

His  portrait^  by  Greenhill,  is  in  the  town-hall  at  Salisbury. 

Vrntec.  Bp,       Seth  Ward  was  the  first  that  brought  mathematical  leamii 

«  Jul**'      vogue  in  the  university  of  Cambridge ;  where  he  lectured  his 

66t,  trin»-  in  the  ^'  Clavis  Mathematica,"  a  well  known  work  of  the  cele 

i.bifr'se^T  ^^'  Oughtred.     He  was  followed  by  Dr.  Barrow,  who  carri 

6&r.       '  branch  of  science  to  a  great  height.     These  able  mathema 

were  succeeded  by  Mr.  Isaac  Newton,  who  made  such  discc 

as  perhaps  no  human  capacity  was  ever  equal  to  but  his 

Dr.  Ward  particularly  excelled  in  astronomy,  and  was  the  fin 

*  Called  Term  Filios,  at  Oxford. 

t  Dr.  John  North,  who  succeeded  Dr.  Barrow  in  the  mastership  of  Trini 
lege,  used  to  say,  that  be  belieyed  Mr.  Newton  would  have  killed  himst 
study,  if  be  had  not  wrought  with  his  bands  in  making  experiments.—"  Lif< 
John  North,  by  R.  North,"  p.  S4S. 


OF    ENGLAND.  13 

demonstratirely  proved  the  elliptical  bypodtesis,*  which  Ib  niQre 
plain  and  simple,  and  caQsequently  Dion  luitMtde  to  the  viliOgj 
f4  aatare,  ^an  any  other.  He  succeeded  Hr.  -John  Ore&Vei,  W 
SniMan  professor  of  astroDomy  at  Oxford,  and  waa,  a  little  beibie 
thti  KStOratioD,  elected  president  of  Trinity  College,  in  that  iim- 
iME^;  but  was  soon  after  forced  to  quit  tliii  prefennent.  He 
|ijn|htii  ll  several  books  of  divinity ;  bat  the  greateat  part  of  his 
^Itt  We  on  mathematical  subjects.  See  the  "  Athente  Ozoni- 
eMK^"  This  very  able  man,  whose  character  was  exemplary  as  a 
)itt|Ee,  dieit  on  the  6th  of  January,  1(188-9.  He  waa  a  cloie  rea- 
HWr  Hod  an  admirable  speaker,  baving,  in  the  House  of  Lords, 
\iSo  esteemed  equal,  at  least,  to  the  Earl  of  Shaftesbury.  He  was 
1  peat  benefactor  to  both  his  bishoprics,  as,  by  his  ioteieat,  the 
ilanery  of  Burien,  in  CornwalI,f  was  annexed  to  the  former,  and 
tbe  cliitncdiorsbip  of  the  Garter  to  the  latter,  ft»r  ever.  He  was 
ptffie,  hospitable,  and  generous;  and,inhifl  lifetime,  founded  the 
calkg«  at  Salisbury,  for  the  reception  and  support  of  ministers' 
widem ;  and  the  sumptuous  hospital  at  Bnntingford,  in  Hertford- 
ilms,  the  place  of  his  nativity.  His  intimate  fiiend.  Dr.  Walter 
^oft,  the  noted  author  of  "  The  old  Man's  Wish,"  has  given  us 
)  fai  and  curious  account  of  his  life,  iaterspersed  with  agroeable 
iBtcdtitBS  of  his  friends. 

JOHN  DOLBEN,  lord-bishop  of  Rochester.    J. 
lla^smatis  (Huysmam)  p.    Tom^son  exc.  large  h.  th. 

JoSir  DoLBEN,  &c.  together  with  Bishop  Fell 

'GtnvtU'*"  Fliu  Ultra,"  p.  46. 

t  Vk  Uat  dean  of  Burien  »at  Dr.  Thomai  W;kei4  nbo  h>d  man  wit  thin  db-. 
'™*  ~^~  notorioM  fui  hit  poDi,  of  wUoh  tbe.  MIowlag  ii  leeoniBd  bj  Dr. 
"r'*"  in  Comwali,  itt  Iba  doe  of  tba  einl  wir.  Dr.  Wykea, 
'  Ml  msjesij :  "  The  king  ipolu  tbiu  Id  bun, "  Dortor, 
1  pray,  litnT  dd  ia  he !"  To  which  he,  out  of 
lOllbeqiilbblaofbubeul,  returned  thisuuwer  i  "  If  it  pleue  jdbi 
aqMtj.heiiin  tbe  MCODd  jeai  of  bis  reign  (rein)."  The  good  king  did  not  like 
jj  jei^  and  gm*e  bim  iDch  on  aiuwer  u  be  deierred,  irbich  wb>  thu : 


tHewM  ibe  lut  dean  t>ef)ire  the  uaei&tion  of  the  deanery  to  the  biihopric  of 
Entn.    It  hai  lipm  bean  lepuated  from  that  see. 
t "  life  oTSsthWard,"  p.  59. 


14  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

and  Dr.  Allestrv.    Lely  p.   Loggan  exc.  large 
mezz.     . 

John  Dolben,  &c.  4fo.  from  an  original  jd 
W.  Richardson. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Christ  Church. 

John  Dolben^  who  distinguished  himself  hy  the  early  prej 
of  his  parts  at  Westminster  school,  was,  in  1640,  elected  a  i 
of  Christ  Church,  in  Oxford,  In  the  civil  war,  when  that  c 
made  a  garrison  for  the  king,  he  entered  a  volunteer  into  tb 
army.  He  acquitted  himself  so  well  in  his  military  capaci 
he  was  soon  made  an  ensign,  and  at  length  advanced  to  tj 
of  a  major.  Upon  the  disbanding  of  the  army,  he  again  ' 
himself  to  his  studies ;  and  having  entered  into  holy  ord 
was,  upon  the  restoration,  preferred  to  a  canonry  of  Christ  I 
He  was  afterward  made  archdeacon  of  London^  qlerk  of  thi 
to  the  king,  and  dean  of  Westminster.  In  1666,  he  was  ad 
to  the  bishopric  of  Rochester,  with  which  he  held  his  del 
■commendam.  He  was  a  man  of  great  generosity,  cando 
bene¥olence,  and  was  justly  admired  as  a  preacher.  The 
as  they  afterward  did  in  the  reign  of  Anne,  assembled  in 
to  hear 

"  Him  of  the  western  dome,  whose  weighly  scase 
Flow*!!  in  fit  wordsi  and  lieavenly  eloqaence." 

Drtdbn^s  Absolom  ,  A 

He  was  afterward  translated  to  York,  and  died  the 
April,  1686.    Two  or  three  of  his  sermons  only  are  in  print 

*  In  the  '*  History  and  Antiquities  of  Rochester,  &c."t  by.  an  able  ha 
following  character  of  him,  taken  from  a  manuscript  of  Sir  William  IWa 
drew  this  great  >and  good  man  from  thelifK  **  He  was  an  eztraerdimi 
person,  though  gfown  too  fat ;  of  an  open  countenance,  a  li^el j  pierdng 
majestic  presence.  He  hated  flattery ;  and  guarded  himself  with  ait  posi 
agahist  tiie  least  iasimatien  of  any  thing  of  tliat  nature,  hew  well  «oei 
served.  He  had  admirable  natural  parts,  and  great  acquired  ones;  foi 
he  read  he  made  his  own,  and  improved  it  He  had  such  a  happy  genius 
an  admirable  elocution,  that  his  extempore  preaching  was  beyond,  not  onl; 
of  otiier  men's  elaborate  performances,  but  (I  was  going  to  say)  even  1m 
have  been  credibly  informed,  that  in  Westminster  Abbey,  a  preack 
ill  after  he  had  named  his  text,  and  proposed  the  heads  of  his  intended 
the  bishop  went  up  into  the  pulpit,  took  the  same  text,  followed  the  sam 

.   t  Printed  at  Rochester  in  8vo.  1773.  p.  176,  177. 


OF    ENGLAND.  17 

seBses  of  bigotry;  nor  was  he  ever  known  to  hate  a  man's  person, 
[>ecau8e  he  was  no  friend  to  his  tenets.  He,  soon  after  the  restora- 
tkm,  succeeded  Dr.  Tuckney,  a  nonconformist,  in  the  mastership  i66l. 
of  St.  John's  College,  in  Cambridge,  and  in  the  chair  of  regius  pro- 
fessor of  divinity  in  that  university.  The  ejected  professor  was  sur- 
prised to  find  a  generous  friend  and  benefactor  in  his  successor, 
who  settled  on  him  a  handsome  annuity  for  life.  He  and  Dr.  Pear- 
BOn  were  the  chief  disputants  against  the  Presbyterian  divines,  at 
&e  conference  held  at  the  Savoy,  in  the  beginning  of  this  reign.* 
fiishop  Burnet  informs  us,  that  **  he  was  a  dark  and  perplexed 
preacher,''  and  that  his  sermons  abounded  with  Greek  and  Hebrew, 
an^  quotations  from  the  fathers.  He  was  nevertheless  admired  by 
the  court  ladies  :  the  king  said,  *'  they  admired  his  preaching,  be- 
cause they  did  not  understand  him."t  Almost  all  his  writings  are 
on  subjects  of  controversy.}  Ob.  6  July,  1684,  jEt^  71 .  See  more 
of  him  in  a  discourse  by  Dr.  Humfrey  Gower,  in  two  sermons 
preached  soon  after  his  death.§ 


*  See  a  particolar  account  of  tilns  conference  in  the  '*  Life  of  Baxter,"  folio. 

t  fie  was  handsome  in  his  person,  and  gracefal  in  his  manner.  This  alone  would 
aooonnt  for  bb  being  admired  by  the  ladies,  without  that  exercise,  or  rather  play  of 
Ibe  imagination,  which  is  sometimes  occasioned  by  an  onintelligible  discourse. 

t  See  Wood. 

$  Dr.  John  JSdwards,  in  the  manuscript  of  his  own  Life,  in  the  possession  of  the 
^Rev,  Mr.  Beadon,  of  St.  John's  College,  in  Cambridge,  says,  "  that  he  devoured 
'plenty  of  authors,  but  digested  none.  Though  he  was  at  the  pains  to  make  long 
«0UectioB8,  yet  he  could  not  rajske  use  of  them,  not  being  able  to  reduce  them  into 
Older,  and  bring  them  into  any  tolerable  compass  :  whence  it  was,  that  whenever 
ke  came  into  the  pulpit,  he  marred  all  with  his  intolerable  length,  and  stretched  his 
mditors  upon  the  rack."  It  should  be  observed  hgre,  that  Edwards  and  he  were 
aot  friends. 

Mr.  Baker,  a  man  of  more  candour,  in  his  manuscript  *'  History  of  St.  John's 
College,"  speaks  thus  of  him  :  "  He  was  not  the  most  popular  preacher,  being  too 
.digressive  and  immethodical ;  but  what  was  wanting  in  his  method  was  made  up  by 
hk  looks,  the  most  graceful  and  venerable  I  ever  saw.  So  that  though  his  discourses 
were  generally  long,  yet  to  me  they  were  never  tedious ;  and  I  could  cheerfully- 
f>llow  him  through  all  his  rambles,  having  something  in  them  extremely  charming 
and  apostolical,  either  from  the  graceful^iess  of  his  person,  or  the  strength  and  an- 
'Aority  wherewith  they  were  delivered^"]] 


I  See  a  good  account  of  him  in  Masters's  "  History  of  C.  C.  C.  C."  p.  157, 158. 

"  One  little  story  of  him  is  yet  remembered  in  his  diocess  of  Ely,  for  which  he 
will  perhaps  be  deemed  a  sophister.  An  enthusiast  had  been  holding  forth  about 
the  coootry  that  the  world  wtJtild  be  at  an  end  in  a  year's  time.    He  had  got  a 

vol.*  V.  D 


18  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

JOHANNES  PEARSONUS,  episcopus  CeBtrieDi%| 
&c.    W.  Sonman  (Sunman)  p.   Van  Hove  sc.  k.  sh. 

Johannes  Pearson,  JEt.  70.   Elder  sc.  h.  sh. 

John  Pearson,  bishop  of  Chester,  JSf.  70, 168SL 
Loggan  sc.  h.  sh. 

There  is  a  whole  leogth  of  him  by.Whood,  disciple  of  Ridudt 
son,  in  Trinity  College-hall,  in  Cambridge.*  It  resembles  ihebtti 
by  Loggan,  wliich  is  the  truest  likeness  of  him. 
Consec.       This  very  learned  and  pious  prelate  was  saccessively  master  of 
9  Feb.     Jesus  and  Trinity  Colleges,  in  Cambridge,  and  also  Margaret  po*,] 
fessor  of  divinity  m  that  university.     He  enjoyed  several  other  TOf 
considerable  preferments  in  this  reign,  which  were  as  much  Mfi 
his  ambition,  as  they  were  below  his  merit    He  viras  emineiidjf 
read  in  ecclesiastical  history  and  antiquity,  and  was  a  most  end 
chronologist.     He  applied  himself  to  every  kind  of  learning  that  kl 
thought  essential  to  his  profession ;  and  was  in  every  kind  a  master. 
His  works  are  not  numerous,  but  they  are  all  excellent ;  and  sooe 
of  the  least  of  them  shew  that  he  was  one  of  the  oompleteat  dimei 
of  hrs  age.    The  chief  are,  his  <*  Exposition  of  the  Creed,**  in  Eng» 
lish,  and  his  "  Vindication  of  St.  Ignatius's  Eplsfles,**  in  La&u 
The  former,  which  has  gone  through  twelve  or  thirteen  editioasi  ii 
one  of  the  most  finished  pieces  of  theology  in  our  laivguage.    It  ii 
itself  a  body  of  divinity  ^  but  not  a  body  without  a  ipirit.     The  stjb 
of  it  is  just;  the  periods  are,  for  the  most  part,  'wdl  turned; 
the  method  is  very  exact ;    and  it  is  in  general  free  firom  those 
errors  which  are  too  often  found  in  theological  systems.f    He 

4 

*  The  assemblage  of  whole  length  portraits  of  truly  great  men,  edncafeea  in  db 
college*  gives  ks  Jiali  a  aoble  and  venerable  appearance. 

t  There  u  a  tmnslation  of  this  book  into  Latin  by  a  lordgn  ^vine,  who  stjki 
himself  "  Simon  Joannes  Arnoldus,  Ecdesiarum  ballivia,  nve  pnefectnne 
burgensis ,  Inspector.** 


train  after  him,  who  neglected  their  business,  and  were  every  day  improving  in 
madness.  The  bishop  sent  for  him  and  some  of  his  proselytes,  but  made  no  im- 
pression by  reason  and  argament;  for  the  bottle  was  fall,  and  all  that  was  pomed 
on  afterward  ran  over.  He  found  that  this  leader  had  some  estate,  for  which  he 
offered  him  two  years*  purchase.    The  man  insisted  upon  twenty  as  the  common 

price,  which  wrought  so  upon  his  converts  that  the^^  all  left  him  upoD  it.** Nath* 

SaUnon's  '*  Lives  of  £ng.  Bishops/*  p.  259. 


L 


loitx  Feu,, Bis  HOP  o»oxfor] 

167S   Ob.ifi6U   atfia 


OF    ENGLAND.  19 

lufiDgf  calii^  lost  hit  Dtmorf^  tka  ]6tb  of  Jo^, 


FELL,  hah9p  of  Oxford;  ntting;  in  M« 
print  with  John  Do&ck,  bishop  qf  Rochest^,  ttttd 
Dr.  Richard  Alkstry.  Bishop  Dolben  is  in  the  mddkf 
Xh.  Atlestry  is  on  his  right  hand,  and  Bishop  Fell  on 
'a  l^.    Lfibf  p.  Loggan  exc.  large  k.  ah.  mexx, 

Pixtovh;  of  all  three  are  at  Chjist  ChurcU.  ThtrQ  it  oat  of- 
Qr.  dlle^try  in  the  pictnn  gaUeiy  at  Oxford:  this  vag  given  bgr 
Dr.  Bathnrst :  and  there  U  anoflier  in  the  prorost's  lodge  at  Eton 
CoHege. 

John  Pell,  8cc.   Sr  P.  LUfyp.  W.  Richardson  esc. 
JoHK    Fell;  in  the  "Oxford  Almanack,"  1724; 
mong  the  right  hand  group. 

'    Dr.  John  Fell,  boruatLoi)gir0rth,inthecoiiatyofBerkB,Mshop  Coiwee. 
pf  Oxford,  and  dean  of  ChriBt  Chnirch,  was  one  of  the  Inoit  shining  BFcb. 
manents  and  mnnilicent  bene&ctora  to  that  college.     HiH-excel-  ^ 
knt  goTernment,  while  he  Was  tt  the  head  of  it,  raised  his  repu- 
Wivn  for  diEcipIine  to  a  higher  [rftch  than  it  ever  ro;Be  to  in  any 
bnner  period  ;  and  it  is  well  known  that  some  of  the  most  dlatia- 
glUEhed  persons  that  the  kingdom  itself  ever  produced,  were  tiained 
If  nnder  his  inspection.     He  may  be  traced  as  a  benefactor  through 
Kveral  parts  of  his  diocesa ;  and  his  mnnificeuce  is  seen  in  every 
^Vt  of  hjs  college.     I'lie  best  rectones  bdoQging  to  it  were  par- 
limed  by  him,  and  he  settled  on  it  BO  ksathan  ten  exhibitions.  He 
iir  nuy  years  published  annually  some  book,  generally  a  classic 
lidur,  to  which  he  wrote  a  [ff^ace  and  notes,  and  presented  it  to 
■ftAiplients  of  his  house  at  a  new  year's  gift.    S<une  of  his  wri- 
^HpK  a  proof  of  the  d^th,  otbets  of  the  elegance,  of  hit  leam- 

■  There  i>  ft  print  of  >  dinne,  in  ■  canuDOD  clerical  b>bit,wfao>e  name  iiPeareon. 
A>  I  know  not  wbcrc  to  pat  it  wiA  propriety,  I  ibtill  mention  it  in  thii  place.  It 
ii  ■  If  out.  or  aai^  Btb.  vbA  eagravad  bj  Vut  Hon.  Under  tbe  bead  are  ttiesa 
linei: 

Prndence  and  piety  agree 

Herein  la  make  an  harmoBj : 

EogriTen  wDuden  work  witk  ajm ; 

But  Feanon  pierceth  nilh  hi*  prajcii. 


20  BIOORAFHICAL    HISTORY 

ing;;  and  tlie  books  of  which  he  was  editor,  particularly  tlie  voAi 
of  St  Cyprian,  an  a  cont^coong  proof  of  his  gi«at  industiy.  Be 
and  Dr.  Alleitiy  are  luppoted  to  hare  wiitten  almost  all  th^^ts 
attributed  to  the  antfaor  of  the  "  Whole  Duty  of  Man."*  He  bss. 
in  hii  life  of  the  learned  and  pious  Dr.  Hammond,  shawa  ho« 
Attnte  biogT^hera  might  do  jottice  to  merit  in  writing  luB  own.  . 
Ob.  10  July,  1686,  Mt  61. 

THOMAS  KENN  was  promoted  to  the  bvlSpric 
of  &ith  and  Wells  at  the  latter  end  of  the  re^  of 
Charles  II.  He  attended  that  prince  on  his  dea^ei!, 
and  did  his  utmost  to  awaken  bis  conscience.  KAop 
Biimdt  tells  us,  that  he  spoke  on  that  occasioQ  "^itli 
great  elevation  of  thought  and  expression,  an^'^e  a 
man  inspired."     See  the  next  reign.  . 

A  SCOTCH  PRELATE.  f 

JACOBUS  SE[ARP,  St'.  Andrew  archiepfefl"!!. 
totiuB  Scotis  primas,  &c-  Lelj/  p.  Da.  Patlaf^h- 
Vertue  gc.  1710;  large-  h.  sk.  Over  his  keed-k  th 
crown  of  martyrdom. 

7%M  was  afterward  altered  to  Sir  William  DtaO!,  ^ 
M.  V.  Gucht. 

Jah£S  Shabp,  &c.  prefixed  to  the  "  Account  of  his 
Murder,^  1679. 

Jacobus  Shaupus,  &c.  1675.    Loggan  sc.  k.xh. 

Jakes  Sqabp,  archhishop  of  St.  Andrev'si  ^^ 
T.  Dudley  f.  h.sh. 

This  prelate  was,  soon  after  the  restoration,  sent  by  the  Scottii 
PreBbyteriana  to  improve  their  interest  with  the  king,  who  eaaUr 
prevailed  with  him  to  abandon  that  party.     He  was  presently  jflK 

ticepta  t]io  "Whole  DdI;^ 


OF    ENGLAND:  21 

fened  to  the  archbishopric  of  St.  Andrew's,  and  intrusted  with 
laanagement  of  ecclesiastical  affairs  in  Scotland.  His  dig^ty^ 
ich  was  of  itself  sufficiently  odious,  became  much  more  so  when 
iferred  on  a  man  who  was  commonly  esteemed  the  betrayer  of 
!  reli^on  of  his  country ;  who  was .  the  friend  and  coadjutor  of 
nderdale,  and  consequently  a  persecutor  of  those  that  differed 
Q  the  established  church.  He  was  cruelly  murdered  by  nine 
s^sinsy  within  a  mile  of  St.  Andrew's,  the  3d  of  May,  1679, 
it  he  had  sat  in  that  see  about  seventeen  years. 


IRISH  PRELATES. 

MICHAEL  BOYLE,  archbishop  of  Armagh,  and 
d-chancellor  of  Ireland.     See  the  next  reign. 

JEREMY  TAYLOR,  bishop  of  Down  and  Connor. 
Wfiite  sc.  8vo.  Before  his  "  Contemplations  of  the 
lie  of  Man^^  1684 ;  Svo.  There  are  two  prints  of 
m  standing  on  a  pedestal,  inscribed,  "  Mercurius 
hristianus,''  8fc.  and  another  before  his  "  Holy  Dj/ing,'^ 
inting  to  a  looking-glass,  which  exhibits  a  skeleton  ;  a 
in,  woman,  and  child  are  standing  by.  This  is  neatly 
graved  by  hombart,  and  was  done  before  he  was  made 
bishop. 

This  excellent  prelate  was  not  only  one  of  the  greatest  divines  Consec. 
at  flourished  in  the  seventeenth  century,  but  was  also  one  of  the  ^  J***- 
iQpletest  characters  of  his  age.  His  person  was  uncommonly 
autifal,  his  manners  polite,  his  conversation  sprightly  and  engag- 
h  and  his  voice  harmonious.  He  united,  in  a  high  degree,  the 
^ers  of  invention,  memory,  and  judgment;  his  learning  was 
'ious,  almost  universal;  and  his  piety  was  as  unaffected  as  it 
s  extraordinary.  His  practical,  controversial,  and  casuistical 
tings  are,  in  their  several  kinds,  excellent ;  and,  ^*  answer  all  the 
poses  of  a  Christian.''*    His  Sermons  appear  to  the  least  ad- 

"Xbe  ingeniooB  Mr.  William  Thompson,  late  of  Queen's  College,  in  Oxford,  who 
^  good  judge  of  divinity,  as  weU  as  poetry,  used  to  call  him  "  The  Homer  of 

inca." 


22  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

ynmtSLge  at  present ;  though  they  must  be  aUowed  to  be  good  fer  te 
time  in  which  they  were  written.*  A  brilliancy  of  Imagkiatien  9f* 
pears  in  all  his  writings ;  but  his  *'  D  actor  Dubitantium'^  is  a  sigii 
proof  of  his  judgment. f  His  works  have  been  printed  in  four,  anf 
also  in  six,  Tolumes  in  folio,  besides  several  Tolumee  of  defotioiif 
in  octavo  and  duodecimo.  His  books  otn  **  Holy  LiviD|^»''  nd 
on  **  Holy  Dying,"  which  are  frequently  bound  together,  and  In 
**  Golden  Orove/^  have  passed  through  many  edkioHs.  CM.  13 
Aug.  1667. 

EDVARDUS  WETENHALL,  S.  S.  T.  P.  Corca- 
giensis  et  Rossensis  episcopus.  J.  Vandervaart  p.  rf/ 
large  k.  *A.  mezz.    R.  Thompson  exc. 

Edward  Wetenhall;  mezz.  J.  Vandervaart  jf, 
J,  Becket  sc.  Probably  the  same  plate  as  the/orvier. 

Edward  Wetenhall,  a  native  of  Lichfield,  was  educated  at  Exeter 
College,  in  Oxford.  He  was  some  time  minister  of  Coombe,  oetf 
Woodstock,  and  successively  a  schoolmaster  at  Exeter  and  Dsb* 
lin.  He  was  preferred  to  the  chsmtorship  of  Christ  Churchyinthl 
latter  of  these  cities,  which  he  enjoyed  at  the  time  of  hi^  promolioA 
to  the  see  of  Cork  and  Ross.  In  1699,  he  was  translated  to  ^ 
united  sees  of  Kilmore  and  Ardagh.  He  was  a  man  of  leamingj 
especially  in  divinity,  and  published  a  considerable  number  of  I0- 
mons,  and  other  practical  works,  and  some  pieces  of  conlrciferiyi 
of  all  which  Mr.  Wood  has  given  us  a  catalogue.     Ob,  1714.    . 


DIGNITARIES  OF  THE  CHURCH,  AND 
INFERIOR  CLERGYMEN. 

JOHANNES  TILLOTSON,  &c.    Lefy  p.  Bh^- 
ling  sc.  large  k.  sk. 

*  See  B})rch*s  **  Ufe  of  Archbishop  Tillotson/'  p.  23,  second  edit 
t  It  should  be  observed^  that  the  learaed  and  judicious  Dr.  Dodwell,  in  his 
"  Letter  on  the  Maniage  Act,"  p.  9%,  speaks  thus  of  him :  "  Dr.  Taylor,  In  bis 
▼olaminoas  writings,  said  many  lively  things  which  will  not  b««r  a  strict  et- 
amination.'* 


OF    BNOLAND.  23 

Johannes  Tillotson,  S.  S.  theologize  professor,  P*omot. 
^m  majestati  a  sacris,  decanus  Cantuariensis.     R.  iGn. 
White  ad  vivum  delin.  et  sc.  Svo.    The  portraits  of  him, 
in  his  episcopal  t^haracter,  belong  to  the  reign  of  Wil- 
liam III. 

JOHANNES  BARWICK,  S,  T.  P.  S.  Pauli  Lon- 
dinensis  decanus.  G.  Vertue  sc.  Before  his  "  Life^^ 
in  Latin  J  1721;  Svo. 

John  Barwick  was  bom  in  Westmoreland,  and  educated  at  Sed-  Installed 
berg  school,  in  Yorkshire,  where  he  gave  many  early  prooft  of  an  ^(^^^ 
uncommon  capacity,  and  particularly  distinguished  himself  by  act- 
ing the  part  of  Hercules,  in  one  of  Seneca's  tragedies.     In  the 
^ghteentli  year  of  his  age  he  was  sent  to  St.  John's  College,  in 
Cambridge,  where  he  presently  outshone  all  of  his  age  and  stand, 
ing ;  and  was  so  remarkable  for  his  abilities,  that,  when  he  was 
little  mof e  than  twenty,  he  was  chosen  by  the  members  of  his  col- 
lege to  plead  their  cause  ift  a  controverted  election  of  a  master, 
'wlnch  was  heard  before  the  privy  council.     In  the  time  of  the  civil 
war,  lie  was  instrumental  in  sending  the  Cambridge  plate  to  the 
king ;  published  the  '^  Querela  Cantabrigiensis,"*  in  which  he  had 
the  (^ef  hand;  and  wrote  against  the  covenant.     He  afterward 
retired  to  London,  where  he  undertook  to  manage  the  king's  c<Mr- 
respondence  between  that  city  and  Oxford;  which  he  executed 
with  great  dexterity  and  address.     He  also  carried  on  a  secret  cor- 
respondence with  Charles,  whilst  he  was  at  Carisbrook  Castle,  and 
wa£^  on  many  other  occasions,  of  singular  service  to  him.     He  was 
no  less  assiduous  in  serving  Charles  II.     He  was  a  man  of  extra- 
ordinary sagacity,  had  a  fertile  invention,  an  enterprising  genius, 
stnd  great  courage  and  presence  of  mind.     He  was  at  length  he- 
stayed  by  one  Bostock,  belonging  to  the  post-office ;  and  was  long 
confined  in  a  dungeon  in  the  Tower.     He  was  then  far  gone  in  a 
consumption ;  but  living  upon  gruel  and  vegetables,  he,  after  some 
time,  recovered  to  a  miracle.     Upon  his  enlargement,  he  renewed 
his  correspondence  with  the  king,  and  is  said  to  have  furnished 
Lord  Clarendon  with  a  great  part  of  the  materials  for  his  History. 
He  conveyed  money  to  his  majesty  after  Ihc  execution  of  Hewit ; 

*  Printed  widf  the  ^  Mercurios  Bntticus.'' 


/ 


24  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

and  was  so  dexterous  in  all  his  conveyanceB,  that  he  even  ehiii 
the  vigilance  of  Thurloe.  See  more  of  Inm  in  his  "  Life,"  wrilleii 
in  Latin  by  bis  brother :  there  are  many  curious  noteA  in  the  urn- 
nymouB  translation  of  it,  by  Mt.  Hilkuli  Bedford.  Ob.  S2  Od 
1654. 

RICHARDUS  MEGGOT,  S.  T.  P.  decanus  Win- 
toniensis.    Knelkr  p.    Loggansc.  largeh.sk.     /x 

RrcHARDus  Meggot,  S.  T.  P.    KneUer  p.    m^i 
sc.  large  h.  sh.     This  print  was  afterward  copied 
8to.  by  the  same  hand.    It  mat/  be  placed  in  this  or, 
next  reign. 
□•tailed       Ridiard  Meggot,  of  Queen'a  College,  in  Cambridge,  was 
J™-       of  St.  Olave's,  in  Southwark,  and  vicar  of  Twickenham,  in  " 
sex.     In  1677,  he  succeeded  Bruno  Ryves,  dean  of  'Wii 
his  canonry  belonging  to  that  church ;  and  was,  in  about 
after,  made  dean  of  Winchester.     He  was  a  preacher  t^t 
this  reign,  in  which  he  published  several  occasbnal  gennann' 
of  his  discourses  were  printed  together  in  1699,  octavo, 
the  7th  of  Dec.  1692,  and  was  buried  in  the  chapel  at 

RADOLPHUSBATHURST,M.D.  Eccl  Cat% 
Wellensis  decanus,  reg.  ma/",  a  sacris,  coll.  Trin.  j 
et  acad.   Oxon.  vice-cancellarius,    1676. 
h.sh. 

This  is  supposed  to  have  been  done  from  a  portrait  iii  n 
-drawn  by  Loggan,  which  he  left  his  uater.    The  puntii^  il 
nity  Coll^;e-hall  was  done  firom  die  print. 

Ralfii  Bathurst,  Sec.  copied  by  WdSter  from  M(/( 
preceding.    Il  is  -prefix^  to  Mr.  Warton's  "  Life'  i 
him,  176! ;  8t». 
aitalled      Dr,  Bathurst,  in  the  early  part  of  bis  life,^plied  himself  to  the  eOii 
BJune,  of divinityjinwhichhemadeaveryconsideiableprogreas.  ButwlK 

he  saw  that  some  churches  were  defaced  or  demolished,  and  o4i  ^ 
converted  into  barracks  and  stables,  and  that  a  learned  ministry*  Z 
held  in  the  utmost  contempt,  he  changed  t!ie  course  of  his  stu<Si   ^ 


OF    ENGLAND. 


25 


nd  appEed  himself  to  physic.     He  took  a  doctor's  de^ee  in  that 

iculty,  in  which  he  rose  to  auch  eminence,  that  he  was,  in  the  time 

f  the  usurpation,  appointed  physician   to  the  state.     Upon  the 

MtoratioD,  he  quitted  his  profession  of  phyaici  was  elected  a.  fellow 

m  the  Royal  Society,  and  president  of  his  college :  and  having 

ptered  into  holy  orders,  he  was  made  chaplain  to  the  king,  and 

iletward  dean  of  Wells.     His  learning  and  talents  were  various : 

■cwas  the  orator  and  the  poet,  the  philosopher  and  the  divine. 

le  possessed  an  ineshaustihle  fund  of  wit,  and  was  the  facetious 

ompanion  at  eighty  years  of  age.     Ridicule  was  the  weapon  that 

''  made  use  of  to  correct  tlie  delinquents  of  his  college ;  and  he 

Ets  80  absolute  a  master  of  it,  that  he  had  it  always  at  hand.* 

U  poetical  pieces  in  the  "  Musas  Anglicanffi"  are  excellent  in 

'  kind :  they  are  much  in  the  spirit  of  Ovid,  who  v/as  his 

nrite  poet.     His  "  Diatribce  Thcologicce,''  in  manuscript,  which 

at  twenty-three  years  of  age,  are  much  commended  hy 

Warton,     He  died  greatly  lamented  by  all    that    knew  his 

h,  and  particularly  by  tlie  society  over  which  he  presided,  the 

;  of  June,  1704,  in  the  84lh  year  of  his  age. 

GEORGIUS  STRADLING,  S.  T.  P.  dccanus  Cices- 
isis,  prebetidar'ms  Westmon.  R.  White  sc.  Before 
'  Sermon.^,"  published  after  his  death,  1692;  8vo. 

ieorge  Stradling  was  educated  at  Jesus  College,   in  Oxford,  ImtBllei 

(nee  he  was  elected  a  fellow  of  All-Souls.     He  continued  in  the  '"'*■ 
Fersity  during  the  interregnum,  and  was  then  much  esteemed 
Dr.  Wilson,  the  music  professor,  for  his  extraordinary  skill  on 

lute.     He  was,  upon  the  restoration,  made  chaplain  to  Dr.  J 

Jdon,  bishop  of  London  ;  and,  about  two  years  after,  preferred  H 

tprebend  of  Westminster.     In  1671.  he  was  installed  chantor  ^ 


*Mr.  WarhiD  lellt  us  that  he  to< 
>«  ihe  fcholat!  walking  in  the  gr 

■de  use  af  Ibal  illiberal  weapon llie  folloi 

Sentlcman  of  ch«[ai:ler  :  A  milch  bm,  *h 
alid,  who  wu  a  member  of  it,  happened  U 
'Self  in  one  of  the  beli-ropes,  made  an  nr 


hip  witb 


Aire  what  wtu  the  meaning  uf  it,  and  was  told  thi 
Dugbt,"  said  he,  with  hia  oBual  quit 


lie  hours  ;"  but  that  he  never 
;  anecdote  of  bim  waa  told  me  hy 
was  kept  neat  his  college  for  an 
belfty,  and  entangling 
jangling.     Dr.  Batbunt  ae 


This  was  hun 
whieb  by  every  fepeici 


by  the  a.,. 

neis,  "  that  it  was  an  au  or  a  gentleman 
fiom  Dr.  Batburst ;  bul  it  was  thai  kind 
:a  something  of  its  original  force. 


J 


26  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

of  Chichester,  and  the  next  year  dean  of  that  church.  Tliere  ha 
short  account  of  him  before  his  '^  Sermons/'  by  James  Harringloii 
esq.  who  gives  him  the  character  of  a  man  of  learning  and  em- 
plary  life.  Ob.  19  AprU,  1688.  He  lies  buried  in  Westmiutai 
Abbey. 

R.  LOVE,  D.  D.  dean  of  Ely,  master  of  C.  C.  C.  C. 
etched  by  Mr.  Michael  Tyson^  \to.  The  original  is  m 
the  master's  lodge. 

Richard  Love,  a  native  of  Cambridge,  was  educated  at  Claie 
Hall,  of  which  he  was  some  time  fellow.    In  1632,  upon  the  death 
of  Dr.  Butts,  he  was,  by  royal  mandate,  admitted  master  of  Corpus 
Christi  College,  in  Cambridge,  and,  the  next  year,  chosen  vi(^ 
chancellor  of  the  university.     He  greatly  endeared  himself  to  lliat 
learned  body,  by  the  signal  victory  which  he  grained  over  Dafea- 
port,*  at  the  commencement;   and  afterward  acquitted  himself 
with  uncommon  sufficiency  in  the  course  of  his  office,  as  Lady  Ma^ . 
garet's  professor  of  divinity.     He  was  a  man  of  good  natural,  ai 
well  as  acquired,  abilities ;  and  no  mean  orator.    His  **  moderatioi 
was  known  unto  all  men ;"  as  by  his  acquiescence  in,  rather  than  his 
compliance  with,  the  changes  of  the  times,  during  the  civil  war  and 
the  usurpation  of  Cromwell,  he,  with  singular  prudence,  but  with- 
out prostituting  his  principles,  not  only  maintained  the  mastership 
of  his  college  when  the  majority  of  the  heads  of  houses  were  ejected, 
but  so  recommended  himself  to  Charles  II.  that  he,  soon  after  dis 
tiled    restoration,  was  promoted  to  the  deanery  of  Ely.     He  pabUslMd^ 
I      '  about  tW  same  time,  two  Latin  Orations;  one,  upon  the  king^ 
return,  spoktsn  at  the  commencement,  in  1660;  the  other  addressed 
to  his  majesty  in  person,  at  Canterbury,  when  he,  as  tubstiiute  fes 
the  vice-chancellor,  weM  to  meet  him  on  his  way  td  London.    He 
enjoyed  his  preferment  but  a  few  months,  as  he  deceased  in  Januaiy 
the  next  year.f 

JOANNES  SPENCER,  S.  T.  P.  decanus  EUensis, 


*  Hb  assumed,  or  religions,  name,  by  which  he  commonly  ¥Fefit/ 
SancU  Clara.    He  had  lately  pnblisbed  a  book,  at  Dooay,  in  which  he  al 
to  reconcile  the  articles  of  the  church  of  England  with  the  decrees  of  the-eotdcil 
oflVeaU 

t  See  a  partieolar  account  of  him  in  Masters's  "  History  of  C.  C.  C  C." 


OF    ENGLAND.  27 

t  Collegii  Corporis  Christi  apud  Cantabrigiensis  custos. 
Vertue  sc.  1727 ;  h.  sh. 

Thig  very  learned  author  was,  for  his  singular  merit,  elected  Installed 
oaster  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  in  Cambridge,  in  1667 ;  and  was  1577*.^ 
ifterward  preferred  to  the  deanery  of  Ely.  He  published  a  "  Dis- 
course upon  Prodigies,"  together  with  another  concerning  Prophe- 
aes,  Lond.  1665;  8vo.  His  "  Dissertatio  de  Urim  et  Thummim," 
fcc«  was  printed  at  Cambridge,  in  8vo.  1678.  But  his  capital  work 
a  his  book  '^  De  Legibus  Hebreeorum,"  the  best  edition  of  which 
iFas  published  by  Mr.  Chappelow,  in  two  volumes  folio,  1727,  to 
■rhich  is  prefixed  his  head,  engraved  at  the  expense  of  the  society 
of  Corpus  Christi  College.     Ob.  27  May,  1695,  Mt.  63. 

GULIELMUS  HOLDER,  S.  T.  P.  &c.  Societatis 
Regue  Londini  socim,  1683.  D.  Loggan  ad  vivum 
del,  h.  sh. 

William  Holder  ;  in  Hawkins's  "  History  of 
Music. ^^     C.  Grignion. 

Dr.  William  Holder  was  educated  at  Pembroke  Hall,  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Cambridge.     About  the  year  1642,  he  was  presented  to 
the  rectory  of  Blechingdon,  in  Oxfordshire*     After  the  restoration, 
he  became  canon  of  Ely,  capon-residentiary  of  St.  Paul's,  and  sub- 
dean  of  the  chapel  royal.     He  was  a  man  of  a  truly  philosophic 
geniusy  of  which  he  has  given  abundant  proof  in  his  <'  Elements  of 
Speech,  an  Essay  of  Enquiry  into  the  natural  Production  of  Let- 
ters; with  an  Appendix  concerning  Persons  that  are  deaf  and 
dumb/'    His  ''  Treatise  on  the  natural  Grounds  and  Principles  of 
Hanaony/'  is  allowed  to  be  as  rational  a  discourse  on  that  subject 
as  was  ever  published.    He  exactly  knew  the  powers  of  the  organs 
of  speech^  and  composed  a  Natural  Alphabet  adapted  to  those 
powers.    This  would  be  a  much  more  eligible  alphabet  for  the  Chi- 
nese, who  have  not  yet  adopted  any,  than  that  which  is  now  in  use. 
1%  was  nuich  coutroverted,  whether  the  glory  of  first  teaching  deaf 
and  dumb  persons  to  speak,  and  understand  a  language,  was  due  to 
him  m  Dr.  Wallis.    The  true  theory  of  Ae  art  appears  to  have  been 
publiEftied  by  the  latter,  in  his  book  "  De  Loquela/'  which  came 
forth  about  six  years  before  Mr.  Pophsun  was  taught  ]to  speak  by 


28  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Dr.  Holder.*  Peter  de  Cestro,  physician  to  the  Duke  of  Mantua, 
is  said  to  have  been  the  first  that  hit  upon  this  discoverj.f  Ok, 
24.  Jan.  1697.  He  lies  buried  with  his  wife,  who  was  only  sisto 
to  Sir  Christopher  Wren,  in  the  vault  under  St.  Paul's  cadiedxaL 
See  more  of  him  in  "  Athen.  Oxon."  II.  col.  139. 

JOHANNES  CONANT,  S.  T.  P.  black  cap.^c.  8w. 

Dr.  John  Conant  was,  in  the  time  of  the  interregnum,  rectmr  cf 
Exeter  College,  in  Oxford ;  where  he  maintained  a  strict  disci[^ 
and  caused  that  society  to  flourish  more  than  any  other  in  the  nm- 
versity.  In  1654,  he  was  appointed  king's  professor  of  divinity,  it 
the  room  of  Dr.  Sanderson;  but  was  obliged  to  resign  the  chair t| 
him  upon  the  restoration.  In  1662,  he  was  ejected  from  his  rectorf 
of  Exeter  College  for  nonconformity ;  but  afterward  conformingi 
he  became  vicar  of  All- Saints,  at  Northampton,  and  was  by  Bisbop 
Reynolds,  whose  daughter  he  had  formerly  married,  made  ardi- 
deacon  of  Norwich.  He  was  a  few  years  after  preferred  to  a  pnr 
bend  of  Worcester.  He  was  a  man  of  a  modest  and  amiable  dis- 
racter ;  of  exemplary  piety ;  and  was,  in  other  respects,  well  qoi- 
lified  for  the  preferments  which  he  enjoyed.  He  particularly  ei- 
celled  as  a  preacher.  Several  volumes  of  his  Sermons  were  published 
by  Bishop  Williams.     Ob.  March,  1693. 

THOMAS  HYDE,  archdeacon  of  Glocester ;  a  bust. 
Cipriani  del.  F.  Perry  sc.  Before  the  collection  of  to 
works  published  by  Dr.  Gregory  Sharpe,  Oa^on.  1767. 

Doctor  Thomas  Hyde  is  a  great  character,  but  is  much  less 
known  than  he  deserves  to  be,  because  the  studies  in  which  he  was  | 
occupied  are  but  little  cultivated.  Those  that  are  acquainted  widi 
the  oriental  languages  are  astonished  at  the  progress  which  wts 
made  in  them  by  one  man,  though  aided  by  the  powers  of  genios, 
supported  and  strengthened  by  incessant  industry.  Before  he  was 
eighteen  years  of  age,  he  was  sent  from  Cambridge  to  London  bj 

•  Vide  <«  Athen.  Oxon/'  ii.  col.  139,  and  Wallis's  "  Memoirs  and  Bflraoa^" 
8vo.  1791. 

t  See  Ihe  "  Uniyenal  Magazine*'  for  Jan.  1762,  p.  15,  et  seq^— It  is  obvioti  to 
observe  here,  that  the  first  rudiments  of  a  newly-discovered  art  are  geoerallj  w  in- 
perfect,  that  the  improyer  of  it  not  only  receires  hb  own  share  of  houour,  bat  even 
that  which  wy  due  to  the  first  inventor. 


OF    ENGLAND.  29 


/ 

^  ^  cekbrated  Abraham  Wheelock,  to  assist  Mr.  Brian  Walton  in 
W   tte  great  work  of  the  Polyglot  Bible ;  and,  about  that  period,  nn* 
E    dertook  to  transcribe  the  Persian  Pentateuch  out  of  tiie  Hebrew 
c&aracters,  which  Archbishop  Usher,  who  well  knew  the  difficulty 
of  the  undertaking,  pronounced  to  be  an  impossible  task  to  a  native 
Persian.     After  he  had  happily  succeeded  in  this,  he  assisted  in 
correcting  several  parts  of  Mr.  Walton's  work,  for  which  he  was 
perfectly  qualified.     Of  all  his  learned  writings,  the  very  catalogue 
of  which  is  a  singular  curiosity,*  his  ^*  Religio  veterum  Persarum'* 
18  the  most  celebrated.     This  will  ever  be  a  valuable  book.     Dr. 
Gregory  Sharpe,  the  learned  and  ingenious  master  of  the  Temple, 
has  collected  several  of  his  pieces,  formerly  printed,  and  repub- 
bhed  them,  with  some  additional  Dissertations  and  his  Life  pre- 
fixed, in  two  elegant  volumes  in  quarto.     Dr.  Hyde  was  archdeacon 
of  Gloucester,  canon  of  Christ  Church,  head  keeper  of  the  Bodleian 
library,  and  professor  both  of  Hebrew  and  Arabic  in  the  university 
of  Oxford.     He  was  interpreter  and  secretary  of  the  oriental  lan- 
goages  during  the  reigns  of  Charles  II.  James  II.  and  William  III. 
He  was  perfectly  qualified  to  fill  this  post,  as  he  could  converse  in 
the  languages  which  he  understood.     There  never  was  an  English- 
inan,  in  his  situation  of  life,  who  made  so  great  a  progress  in  the 
Chinese.     Bochart,  Pococke,  and  Hyde,  are  allowed  to  have  been 
the  greatest  orientalists  that  any  nation  ever  produced.     Ob,  Feb. 
18, 1702.     I  am  informed  by  a  good  hand^f  that  his  mind  had  been 
60  much  engrossed  by  his  beloved  studies,  that  he  was  but  ill  qua- 
lified to  appear  to  any  advantage  in  common  conversation. 

EDVARDUS  LAKE,  S.  T.  P.  M.  Vander  Gucht 
sc.  Svo. 

Edward  Lake,  &c.  G.  Vander  Gucht  sc.  Before 
his  "  Officium  Etcchdristicum,''  \2mo.  copied  from  the 
former. — It  is  uncertain  when  the  picture  was  done 
from  which  his  head  was  engraved, 

Edward  Lake,  who  had  been  a  member  of  both  universities,  but 
took  his  degrees  at  Cambridge,  was  chaplain  to  James,  duke  of 
York;  and  as  we  leain  from  the  inscription  on  his  monument,  he 

*  See  h  in  the  "  Athen.  Oxon."  or  the  **  Biographia/' 

t  The  Reverend  Mr.  Merrick,  of  Reading,  wbose^father  knew  hun  Hell. 


30 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


was  also  tutor  and  chaplain  to  his  two  daughters,  Mary  and  Aodc^ 
who  aflerward  sat  upon  the  throne  of  Great  Britain.  Mr.  Wooi 
informs  us,  that  he  was  prebendary  and  archdeacon  of  Exeter,  mi 
rector  of  the  united  parishes  of  St.  Mary  Hill  and  St.  Andre^r  Vbih 
hardy  in  London.  He  was  a  man  of  uncommon  piety  and  dianl]^ 
and  a  celebrated  preacher.  He  died  the  ist  of  Febroary,  I70H 
and  lies  buried  in  the  collegiate  church  of  St.  Catharine^  near  lh|i 
Tower,  where  a  monument  is  erected  to  his  memory,  Le  Nen^ 
by  mistake,  says  that  he  was  buried  in  the  church  of  St  Mflf 
Hill.* 


MARCUS  FRANCK,  S.  T.  P.  &c.    W.  Dolk  it 
small  h.  sh. 

Mark  Franck,  master  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Canibridge,  and  aidh 
deacon  of  St.  Alban's,  was  author  of  fifty  sermons,  published  ii 
folio,  1672,  with  his  print  prefixed.    His  character  and  pre{B^ 
ments,  except  his  rectory  of  Barley,  in  Hertfordshire,  to  which  k 
was  admitted  on  the  2d  of  February,  1663,  are  mentioned  in 
following  inscription,  which  was  formerly  on  his  monument, 
the  entrance  of  the  north  door  of  St.  Paul's,  but  perished  soon  afU(| 
its  erection,  together  with  the  churchy   in  the  conflagration 
the  city. 

Hoc  marmore  tumulatur, 
Doctrina,  pietas,  charitas, 
Quippe  monumentum  illius  Marci  Franck, 

S.  T.  D. 
Archiepiscopo  Cantuarensi  a  sacris, 
Sancti  Albani  archidiaconi ;  hujus  ecclesise  thesaurarii 

et  prebendarii, 
Cujus 
Virtutem,  humilitatem,  eloquentiam, 
in  singulis  sagacitatem, 
Dictis  metiri  non  liceat ;  dicat  posteritas* 

Obiit  $  ®^^^  ^^^^^  ^^« 

I  salutis  MDCLXIV. 

ISAAC  CASAUBON.  Vatider  Werff.   P.  v.  Gmsl. 
Prejfised  to  his  and  his  son's  "  Efistolce^  fol. 

*  See  Le  Neyc's  "  Fasti,"  p.  93. 


OF    ENGLAND.  31 

Isaac  CasauboDy  born  at  Greneva  1559,  was  invited  by  James  I. 
.to  England  upon  the  death  of  Henry  IV.  of  France.  James ,  justly 
iteemihg  him  as  a  man  of  the  first  rank  in  the  learned  world, 
Made  him  his  librarian,  and  afterward  promoted  him  to  a  prebend 
F  Canterbury,  and  likewise  granted  him  a  pension  of  300/.  per 
wram.  He  died  the  Ist  of  July,  1614,  in  the  55th  year  of  hii 
fgt;  and  was  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey;  where  a  tomb  was 
9tecled  to  his  memory,  by  Thomas  Morton,  bishop  of  Durham.* 

MERICUS  CASAUBONUS.  Is.  F.  (Isaaci  Filius) 
im  Vr.  Werff  p.  Van  Gunst  sc.  h.  sh.  In  the  large 
dume  of  his  father's  and  his  own  works  ;  Roterodaint^ 
.709.t 

Meric  Casaubon.   R,  Schothii ;  8vo. 

Meric,  the  learned  son  of  the  most  learned  Isaac  Casaubon,  was 
JDm  at  Geneva  in  1599,  and  brought  into  England  by  his  father 
Wen  he  was  about  eleven  years  of  age.  He  received  his  educa- 
imn  at  Christ  Church,  in  Oxford,  under  Dr.  Edward  k  Meetkirk, 
lie  king's  Hebrew  professor.  Whilst  he  was  a  student  of  that 
L^use,  he  acquired  a  great  reputation  at  home  and  abroad  for  a 
'  Vindication  of  his  Father  against  an  Impostor  of  the  Church  of 
^me,"  who  published  under  his  name  a  book  on  the  origin  of 
Solatry.  He  also  published,  by  command  of  King  James,  another 
^dication  of  him  against  the  Puritans  of  that  age.  These  two 
nieces,  which  are  in  Latin,  were  the  foundation  of  his  fame.  He 
intended  to  pursue  his  father's  great  work  against  Baronius*s 
*  Annals,"  but  was  prevented  by  the  distractions  of  the  civil  war, 
^liich  interrupted  the  course  of  his  studies.  Cromwell  made  him 
^rge  offers  on  condition  of  his  writing  the  history  of  that  turbulent 
ilieriod,  which  he  thought  proper  to  decline.  He  also  declined  the 
(Advantageous  overtures  made  him  by  Christina,  queen  of  Sweden, 
tto,  with  a  view  to  the  advancement  of  learning,  was  desirous  of 
w8  settling  in  that  country.    He  was  successively  rector  of  Bledon, 

Somersetshire,  and  Ickham,  in  Kent,  and  is  entitled  to  a  place 


1 

'   *  See  his  epitapb,  composed  *by  Dr.  Thomas  Groad«  rector  of  Hadley,  in  SoSfoIk, 

tdie  "  Aotiqiiities  of  Weitminster  Abbey."— See^  Barwick's  **  Life  of  Bisbajp 
fton,"  p.  73. 
t  See  Batteleys  "  Oaat.  Saora»"  p.  127,    See  also  Wood. 


32  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

among  the  dignitaries  of  our  church  as  a  prebendary  of  Cantei 
His  works  in  divinity  and  philology,  particularly  his  **  Not 
Classic  Authors/'  bear  a  sufficient  testimony  to  his.  learning 
abilities ;  but  the  honour  of  the  latter  is  believed  to  be  in  some 
sure  owing  to  his  father,  as  it  is  more  than  probable  that  he  av 
himself  of  his  papers.  What  he  has  written  concerning  appari 
and  spirits,  and  particularly  his  account  of  Dee  and  Kelly,  deB 
the  notice  of  the  curious  reader,  who  may  see  a  detail  of  his  i 
in  the  **  Athenee  Oxonienses."     He  died  in  July,  1671. 

BENJAMIN  CALAMY,  S.  T.  P.  Drapentier 
h.  sh.  There  is  a  large  half -sheet  'print  of  Cak 
with  the  name  of  Henry  Finch,  dean  of  York,  affixt 

Benjamin  Calamy^  D.  D.  I.  V.  P.    E.  D.  C 

et  exc.  4to,  mezz. 

Benjamin  Calamy,  S.  T.  P.  M.  Vanderg 
sc.  Svo.    Before  his  volume  of  "  Sermons.'^ 

istalled  Benjamin  Calamy,  chaplain  in  ordinary  to  the  king,  and  pT< 
m  ^^'  ^^^  ^^  ^^'  Paul's,  was  son  of  the  famous  Edmund  Calamy 
merly  mentioned,  by  a  second  wife.  In  1677,  he  succeeded 
Simon  Ford  as  minister  of  St.  Mary  Aldermanbury,  in  Londo 
which  church  his  father  was  formeriy  minister.  In  1683,  h€ 
preferred  to  the  vicarage  of  St.  Laurence  Jewry,  with  St.  ' 
Magdalen,  Milk-street,  annexed.  Though  he  was  of  a  noi 
forming  family,  he  was  a  true  son  of  the  church  of  England 
one  of  her  most  distinguished  ornaments.  He  was  courteous 
affable  in  his  behaviour,  exemplary  in  his  life,  and  one  of  tb€ 
preachers  and  writers  of  his  time.  He  has  left  us  but  few  sem 
but  these  few  are  an  abundant  proof  that  he  possessed  that  stre 
and  clearness  of  head,  as  well  as  goodness  and  sensibility  ofl 
which  are  essential  to  the  character  of  a  Christian  orator, 
died,  to  the  regret  of  all  that  knew  him,  in  January,  1686. 

EDWARD  POCOCKE,  D.  D.  &c.  W.  Green 
F.  Morellon  la  Cave  sc.  h.  sh. — Engraved  from 
portrait  in  the  picture  gallery  at  Oxford. 


OF    ENGLAND.  33 

Edward  Pococke,  &c.  in  the  ^^  Oaf ord  Almanack,'' 
.749,  1758. 

Dr.  Edward  Pococke,  canon  of  Christ  Church,  in  Oxford,  and  Restored 
ector  of  Childrey,  in  Berkshire,  in  the  reigns  of  Charles  I.  and  11.  gj?  j*°y° 
ras  the  greatest  orientalist  of  his  age.     Reacquired  an  early  repu-  1^60. 
atioii  at  home  and  abroad,  by  publishing  the  four  epistles  which 
iere  wanting  to  a  complete  edition  of  the  New  Testament  in  the 
lyriac  language.*     He  made  two  voyages  into  the  East,  where  he 
tttained  to  a  perfect  knowledge  of  the  Arabic  tongue,  which  he 
8j)oke  with  fluency  and  propriety.     He  collected  a  considerable 
dumber  of  coins  and  manuscripts  for  Archbishop  Laud,  and  re- 
sumed to  England  from  his  second  voyage  in  1 640, 

Spoiiis  Orientis  onustirs. 

He  was  the  first  that  read  the  Arabic  lecture  founded  by  his  patron 
Jbe  archbishop  :t  he  was  also  professor  of  Hebrew :  and  discharged 
lie  duties  of  both  these  employments  with  great  punctuality  and 
tnfficiency.  He  was  ejected  from  his  canonry  of  Christ  Church  for 
pot  taking  the  Engagement ;  and  was  succeeded  by  Peter  French, 
Kodier-in-law  to  Cromwell.  He  was  very  near  being  ejected  from 
Us  living  of  Childrey  for  "  ignorance  and  insufficiency  ;'*  but  Dr. 
K)ven,  the  learned  independent,  interested  himself  in  his  behalf, 
|id  prevented  his  ejectment  He  translated  several  books  out  of 
|he  Arabic,  and  Gratius  '<  Of  the  Truth  of  the  Christian  Religion," 
Mo  that  language.  He  was  not  only  a  master  of  Hebrew,  Arabic, 
r,  Greek,  and  Latin,  but  was  also  well  acquainted  with  the 
dc,  Samaril;an,  ^thiopic,  Coptic,  and  Turkish  languages :  he 
iistood  the  Itahan,  and  was  not  ignorant  of  the  Spanish.  06. 
Sept.  1^91,  jEL  87.  His  Commentaries  on  Micah,  Malachi, 
I,  and  Joel,  together  with  his  •*  Porta  Mosis,"  were  published 
twoTolumes  folio,  in  1740,  by  Mr.  Leonard  Twells,  with  the 
and  life  of  the  author  prefixed.]: 

*^  Ikese  epbttes  were  the  second  of  Peter,  the  second  and  &ird  of  John,  and  that 

^ade. 

f  When  PocQcfce  was  in  the  East,  the  mufti  of  Aleppo  laid  bis  hand  upon  his 

^,  and  said*  "  This  joong  man  speaks  and  understands  Arabic  as  well  as  the 

ifU  of  Aleppo." 

t  Samuel  Clarke,  a  nadve  of  Bmckl^y,  in  Northamptonshire,  and  some  time  of 

UtQti  CoUege^  in  Oxford,  was  contemporary  with  Pococke,  and  in  Ibe  next  «mt- 

nee  feo  liiai  jfor  oijLenlal  lioanuuig.    He  was  the  first  architypographus  of  tha  nn^ 

•sitj,  lo  "wfaklh  was  aoBfixad  the  ^ce.of  superior  beadle  of  law.    Re  held  both 

VOJL.  V.  V 


34  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

RICHARDUS  ALLESTRY,  S.  S.  T.  professbr'reg. 
Oxon.  sedis  Christi  canonicus,  coll.  JEtonensis  praepO' 
situs  reg.  majestati  a  sacris.  Loggan  ad  vivum  deh* 
h.  sh. 

Richard  Allestry,  D.  D.  in  the  same  prid 
with  his  two  friends ,  Bishop  Dolben  and  Bishop  Idk 
The  original  picture  was  painted  by  Lely. 

It  is   remarkable   that  this  worthy  triumvirate  bore  arms  for 
Charles  I.  in  the  civil  war. 

Doctor  Allestry  was  educated  in  the  grammar-school  at  Cotcik 
try,  under  Dr.  Philemon  Holland  the  translator ^  and  afterward  at 
Christ  Church,  in  Oxford,  under  Mr.  Richard  Busby,  who  wtt 
then  an  eminent  tutor.  His  parts,  which  were  very  extraordinaiy, 
were  improved  by  a  no  less  extraordinary  industry.  He  had  beca 
seen,  when  he  bore  arms  for  Charles  I.  to  carry  his  musket  in'one , 
hand,  and  his  book  in  the  other.  He  was  very  active  in  the  s^rVfce  j 
of  Charles  II.  before  his  restoration  ;  and  was  employed  nioredii 
once  by  the  royalists  in  transacting  business  with  that  prince  doni| 
his  exile.  In  1660,  he  was  made  a  canon  of  Christ  Church,  atf 
chaplain  in  ordinary  to  the  king ;  and  was,  soon  after,  appointoi 
regius  professor  of  divinity.  He  sat  in  the  chair  seventeen  yes^i. 
.and  acc[uitted  himself  in  it  with  honour.  In  1665,  he  wais  appdli**: 
ed  provost  of  Eton  College,  where  he  raised  the  school,  which'to 
found  in  a  low  condition,  to  an  uncommon  pitch  of  reputation* 
.The  west  side  of  the  outward  quadrangle  of  that  college  wasliink 
from  the  ground  at  his  expense.  The  excellent  Dr.  Hamtniondy 
who  was  his  intimate  friend,  left  him  his  valuable  library,  wbiclrli 
bequeathed  himself  to  his  successors  in  the  divinity  cliair.  Hii 
eagerness  for  study,  and  his  intention  of  mind  while  he  was'  emr 
ployed  in  it,  was  so  great,  that  it  impaired  his  constitution,  asl 
hastened  his  death.  He  died  Jan.  27,  1680-1.  Forty  of  hissa^ 
mons,  to  which  his  head  is  prefixed,  were  published  by  Bishop  Fcl 
His  Life,  before  his  Sermons,  contain  some  particulars  well  worth 
the  reader's  notice. 

these  employments  upwards  of  ten  years,  and  was  possessed  of  them'  tili  the  time  €■ 
his  death,  which  happened  on  the  27th  of  December,  1669.  His  portnit  hm^ 
gallery  at  Oxford.    See  particulars  in  "  Athen.  Oxon.'*  rol.  il.  cd.  456,  &c* 


OF    ENGLAND.  36 

ROBERT  SOUTH,  canon  of  Christ  Church,  was  installed 
1  eminent  preacher  at  court,  and  the  scourge  of  fa-  ^^^q^^^' 
atticism,  in  this  reign.  Some  of  his  contemporaries 
Duld  not  even  read  his  sermons  with  a  safe  conscience ; 
s  elegance  of  style  in  divinity  was,  in  their  estima- 
iOn,  scarce  s,  venial  crime;  but  wit  was  a  mortal  sin. 
tis  portrait  belongs  to  the  reign  of  William  III. — 
►ee  Noble's  Continuation. 

DR.  BRUNO  RYVES ;    an  etching.    C.  Towneley 
hcit;  Svo. 

Dr.  Bruno  Ryves  ;  small  oval,  mezz.   Woodburn 
TC.  8vo. 

Dr.  Bruno  Ryves  was  yicar  of  the  parish  of  Stanwell,  in  the 
ounty  of  Middlesex,  and  rector  of  St.  Martin's  in  the  Vintry- 
^dy  London.  He  was  a  noted  and  florid  preacher,  and  being-, 
haplain  to  King  Charles  I.  suffered  with  his  royal  master,  was 
ftquestered  from  his  vicarage  and  parsonage,  and  forced  to  fly  in 
rder  to  saye^  his  life.  He  attended  King  Charles  H.  in  his  exile, 
ad  was  by  him  made  dean  of  Chichester,  and  master  of  the  hos- 
Ital  there,  but  had  no  profit  of  either  till  the  restoration:  when 
leing  sworn  chaplain  in  ordinary  to  the  king,  he  was  preferred  to  the 
leanery  of  Windsor,  and  to  the  rectories  of  Actoti,  in  Middlesex, 
ind  Hasely,  in  Oxfordshire,  and  was  appointed  scribe  of  the  most 
K)ble  order  of  the  Garter.  Dr.  Ryves  was  author  of  several  works, 
Particularly  "  Mercurius  Rusticus,  or  the  Country's  Complaint," 
md  *'  Querela  Cantabrigiensis,"  giving  an  account  of  the  suffer- 
ings of  the  clergy  in  that  university ;  and  the  *'  Micro  Chronicon, 
X  a  Brief  Chronology  of  the  Battles  and  Sieges  in  which  his  Majesty 
King  Charles  I.  was  engaged,  from  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  Wars 
lo March  25,  1647."  Some  sermons  were  published  by  him,  upon 
1  Tim.  vi.  10.  2  Tim.  iv.  7,  and  one  preached  before  the  House  of 
Commons,  in  1660. -He.  died  at  Windsor,  July  13,  1677,  and  lies 
liuried  m  the  isle,  on  the  south  side  of  St.  George's  chapel  there  ; 
ttid  over  his  grave,  on  a  marble  table  fixed  in  the  wall,  is  a  large  in- 
scription in  Latin  to  his  memory,  portraying  his  merits,  sufferings, 
«ad  preferments. 


36  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

EZEKIAS  BURTON,   S.  T.  V.  canonicus  Noi 

cehsis.    M.  Beak  p.   R,  White  sc.    Before  his  "  l 
mons,'^  1684 ;  8vo. 

Hezekiah  Burton,  fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  in  Cambri 
tLnd  an  eminent  tutor  there,  was,  for  his  singular  merit,  made  c 
lain  to  the  lord-keeper  Bridgeman  in  1667,  and  the  9ame  year 
sented  by  him  to  a  prebend  of  Norwich*     In  the  beginning  oi 
year  1 668,  a  treaty  was  proposed  by  the  lord-keeper,  for  a  con 
hension  of  some  of  the  dissenters,  and  a  toleration  of  others. 
Tillotson,  Dr.  Stillingfleet,  Dr.  Burton,  and  the  lord  chi^f-l: 
Hale,  were  very  desirous  of  an  accommodation ;  and  Feady  1 
every  thing  to  promote  it,  if  it  could  be  done  without  betrayin 
interests  of  the  church.     But  this  scheme  met  with  such  pom 
opposition,  that  the  debates  upon  the  terms  of  union  were  pres 
concluded.     Dr.  Burton,  who  was  a  man  of  great  prudence,  n 
ration,  and  sweetness  of  temper,  was  snatched  from  the  world 
he  was  capable  of  doing  most  good  in  it ;  and  when  his  ince 
labours  and  exemplary  piety  promised  a  great  deal.     His  £ 
Dr.  Tillotsoh,  who  well  knew  the  worth  of  the  man  and  the 
of  his  writings,  published  two  volumes  of  his  discourses^*     1 
though  never  intended  for  th^  public,  and  consequently  not  sc 
feet  as  if  he  had  put  his  last  hand  to  them,  give  us  a  high  ic 
the  piety,  and  no  mean  one  of  the  abilities  of  the  author. 
1681.     See  more  of  him  in  the  preface  to  the  first  volume 
"  Discourses,"  and  in  Birch's  *'  Life  of  Dr.  Tillotson." 

THOMAS  FULLER,  S,  T.  D.    M.  53,  1661. 

Loggan  sc.    Over  his  head  is  this  motto^  "  Meth 
Mater  Memorice ;'  underneath  are  these  verses: 

"  The  graver  here  hath  well  thy  face  designed, 
But  no  hand  Fuller  can  express  thy  mind  ; 
For  that  a  resurrection  gives  to  those 
Whom  silent  monuments  did  long  enclose.^ 

B^ore  his  "  History  of  the  Worthies  of  Englt 
1662 ;  fol. 

•  The  only  thing  that  he  ever  published  himself  was  the  Frcflnce  to  Dr.  C 
Itod's  book  oi  the  *'  Laws  of  Nature." 


OF    ENGLAND.  37 

tarn  mformed  that  the  best  impressions  are  before  his^^  Pisgah 
Sight'' 

He  is  placed  here  as  a  prebendary  of  the  cathedral  chnrch  of  Collated 
Salisbury.     See  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  {"^l^^' 

JOS.  GLANVILL,  &c.  gui  vehiculum  mutavit  gttarto 
dk  Novemb.  1680.*  W.  Faithorne  sc.  Before  his 
"Discourses,  Sermons ,''  Sgc.  1681;  4to. 

It  appears  from  the  inscription  on  his  monument  that  he  was  a 
prebendary  of  Worcester. 

Joseph  Glanvill,  rector  of  Bath,  chaplain  to  Charles  II.  and 
F.  R.  S.  was  a  man  of  good  natural  and  acquired  abilities,  and  of 
considerable  eminence  as  a  divine  and  philosopher.  He  was  author 
of  **  Essays  on  several  important  Subjects,  in  Philosophy  and  Reli- 
gion ;"  "  An  Essay  concerning  Preaching,"  &c.  &c.  He  has,  in  his 
"  Plus  Ultra,"  which  is  the  scarcest  and  most  estimable  of  his  works, 
pointed  out  the  discoveries  in  the  new  world  of  science,  by  the 
fight  of  reason  and  experiment.  In  his  *'  Saducismus  Triumpha- 
tus,"  he  has  endeavoured  to  discover  the  secret  transactions  of  the 
kingdom  of  darkness ;  and  has  brought  variety  of  arguments,  and 
a  large  collection  of  relations,  to  prove  the  real  existence  of  witches 
Mid  apparitions. t  He  wrote  in  defence  of  the  Royal  Society,  and 
the  new  philosophy,  against  Dr.  Henry  Stubbe,  a  man  of  parts  and 
learning,  but  positive,  arrogant,  and  dogmatical;  and  extremely 
averse  from  the  belief  of  any  truths,  but  such  as  were  familiar  to 
himself. 

JOHANNES  LIGHTFOOT,  S.  T.  P.  &c.  R.  White 
sc,  k.  sh. 

John  Lightfoot,  who  was  educated  at  Christ's  College,  in  Cam- 
bridge, was  first  engaged  in  the  study  of  rabbinical  learning,  by 
the  persuasion  and  example  of  Sir  Rowland  Cotton,  who  greatly 

*The  date  of  his  death  on  this  priot,  which  agrees  with  that  on  hb  roonoment  in 
tke  abbey-church  of  Bath,  serTcs  to  rectify  a  mistake  of  Mr.  Wood,  who  informs 
OS  that  be  died  on  the  4th  of  October. 

t  BvawBont,  in  his  "  Treatise  of  Spirits,  Apparitions,  Witchcraft,*'  &c.  has 
written  on  the  same  side  with  Glanvill.  The  relider  may  see  a  collection  of  argu- 
■ntt  md  relations  on  the  other  side  of  the  question,  iri  Scot's  '*  Discovery  of 
Witchciaft,"  and  Webster's  "  Display  of  supposed  Witchcraft." 


38  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

assisted  bim  in  the  Hebrew.  He  was,  by  this  ^ntleman,  to  wi 
he  dedicated  the  first  fruits  of  his  studies,  presented  to  the  red 
of  Ashley,  in  Staffordshire.  Here  he  applied  himself  for  tw< 
years  to  searching  the  Scriptures ;  and  the  world  was  soon  a 
informed  that  his  researches  were  to  some  purpose,  by  the  be 
that  he  published,  which  are  so  many  proofs  of  his  industry,  lei 
ing,  and  judgment.  He  was  afterward  chosen  minister  of  St«  ] 
tholomew's,  behind  the  Exchange,  and  a  member  of  the  asseii 
of  divines  which  sat  at  Westminster;  and  was  preferred  by 
parliament  visitors  to  the  mastership  of  Catharine  Hall,  in  C 
bridge.  He  offered  to  resign  his  mastership  at  the  restoration,' 
it  was  not  accepted;  and  he  had  soon  afler  a  Gonfirmatioi 
that  and  his  benefice  from  the  king.  The  lord-keeper  Bridgeii 
who  professed  a  great  esteem  for  him,  presented  hina  to  a  prel 
stalled  in  the  church  of  Ely.*  His  **  Horse  Hebraic®"  is  esteemed 
:^*^'  most  valuable  work.  His  style  is  not  good  :  it  is  probable  tha 
paid  but  little  attention  to  it.  His  greatest  excellence  was  critic 
His  works,  which  rendered  his  name  famous  throughout  Eur 
are  in  three  volumes  folio,t  besides  his  "  Remains."  Ob^  D^ 
16754 


•  "  Biographia,"  p.  2935. 

t  The  edition  here  meant  is  that  published  by  J .  Leusden  at  Utrecht,  1699:. 

X  He  was  sacceeded  in  the  mastership  of  Catharine  Hall  by  Dr.  John  Eac 
aothor  of  a  noted  piece  of  drollery  entitled,  "  The  Grounds  and  Occasions  o 
Contempt  of  the  Clergy  and  Religion  inquired  into,  in  a  Letter  written  to  S 
This  pamphlet,  which  was  published  without  the  author^s  name,  made  a  great 
in  the  world,  and  was  soon  answered  by  several  clergymen.  The  "  Letter  .to] 
and  the  Dialogue  betwixt  "  Pbilautus  and  Timothy,"  on  Hobbes's  *'  State  oi 
ture,''  are  the  most  considerable  of  this  author's  works,  which  have  been  evic 
studied  by  Dr.  Swift.$  It  hath  been  said  of  him,  that  he  bad  no. talent. atj 
serious  subjects. 

The  celebrated  Mr.  Baker,  of  St.  John's  College,  in  Cambridge,  in  a  blan 
of  his  copy  of  Dr«  Eacliard's  "  Letter  on  the  Contempt  of  the  Clergy/'  ob» 
that  he  went  to  St.  Mary's  with  great  expectation  to  hear  him  preach,  but  was. 
more  disappointed.  It  has  been  said,  that  he  took  the  instances  of  absorclit; 
nonsense  in  this  letter,  from  his  father's  sermons.  Echard  the  historian  tell 
that  he  was  too  nearly  related  to  him  to  give  him  his  just  character  without 
cion  of  partiality. 


$  His  works  have  been  lately  reprinted,  with  an  additional  pamphlet,  by  Ti 
Davies,  in  Russell -street,  Covent-garden. 

-    II  P.  922,  edit.  1720.    It  is  observable  that  Laurence  Echard  differed  from 
in  the  spelling  of  his  liame. 


OF    ENGLAND.  39 

EDMUNDUS  CASTELLUS,  S.  T.  P.  ecclesiae 
Christi  Cantuariensis,  canonicus,*  &c.  ^t.  63,  Anno 
1669;  Fait  home  p.  et  sc,  large  h.  sh. 

Dr.  Edmund  Castle,  who  had  been  many  years  a  member  of  Installed 
Emmanuel  College,  in  Cambridge,  was,  in  his  advanced  age,  ad-  |^^i^g^g 
mitted  into  St.  John's  in  that  university.     In  1666,  he  was  chosen  Qasre. 
Arabic  professor;    to  which  preferment  he  was  entitled  by  his 
merit  as  an  orientalist.     He  had  several  years  before,  given  very 
eminent  proofs  of  his  abilities  in  the  laborious  work  of  the  Polyglot, 
which  he  revised  and  corrected.     A  great  part  of  his  life  was  spent 
in  compiling  his  "  Lexicon  Heptaglotton,"  on  which  he  bestowed 
incredible  pains  and  expense,  even  to  the  breaking  of  his  constitu- 
tion, and  exhausting  his  fortune.f     At  length,  when  it  was  printed, 
the  copies  remained  unsold  upon  his  hands.     He  died  in  1685, 
and  lies  buried  in  the  church  of  Higham  Gobyon,  in  Bedfordshire, 
of.which  parish  he  was  rector.     It  appears  from  the  inscription  on 
his  monument,  which  he  erected  in  his  lifetime,  that  he  was  chap- 
lain to  Charles  II.     He  bequeathed  all  his  oriental  manuscripts  to 
the  university  library  at  Cambridge,  ;on  condition  that  his  name 
should  be  written  on  every  copy  in  the  collection.     See  more  of 
him  at  the  end  of  "  Thomas  de  Elmham,"  published  by  Hearne, 
p.  356,  427,  and  in  **  Lelandi  Collectanea,"  by  the  same  editor, 
vol.  vi.  p.  80 ;  also  in  Dr.  Pococke's  "  Life,"  fol.  p.  50,  notes, 
and  p.  66, 

See  an  account  of  Dr.  Ralph  Cudworth,  and  Dr.  Jos.  Beaumont, 
lower  down  in  this  class :  the  former  was  prebendary  of  Glocester, 
Ae  latter  of  Ely. 

PETRUS  HEYLIN,  S.  T.  P.  ecclesise  coUegiatae 
Sancti  Petri  Westmonasteriensis  canonicus,  Martyri 
tt  super stiti  Carolis,  patri  ac  jilio^  MagncB  BritannicB, 
^c.  monarchisy  dum  viveret,  a  sacris.  Before  his  **  His- 
torical  and  Miscellaneous  Tracts,''  1681 ;  fol. 

Peter  Heylin  was  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  in  Oxford,  Installed 

where  he  applied  himself  early  to  the  study  of  cosmography,  and  Jf^^g**" 

1631.  ' 
•  It  appears  from  Le  Neve's  "  Fasti/*  that  Dr.  Caatle  was  prebendary)  f  the  * 

cig^  stall  in  the  cathedral  church  of  Canterbury. 
^  He  expended  no  less  than  12,000^  upon  that  work^ 


40  BIOGRAPHICArL    HISTORY 

read  a  coarse  of  lectures  in  that  science,  from  which  he  in 
measure  composed  his  '*  Microcosm,  or  little  Descriptioi 
great  World ;"  which  was  twice  printed  in  small  quarto  in  t 
of  James  I.     This  book,  which  was  afterward  enlarged, 
foundation  of  his  fame  as  an  author,  and  the  work  to  whid 
his  last  hand,  when  his  eyes  failed  him.   It  has  been  often  if 
and  has  more  merit  than  any  of  his  compilations.     His  '* 
of  St.  George,"  recommended  him  to  Charles  I.  who,  soon, 
presented  it  to  him,  preferred  him  to  a  prebend  of  West 
and  to  the  rectory  of  Houghton  in  the  bishopric  of  ITailMi 
was  ejected  from  his  prebend  and  other  preferments  in  tht 
the  civil  war.     He,  like  James  Howel,  supported  himsd 
pen ;  and  he  appears,  by  the  number  and  bulk  of  his  booki^ 
kept  pace  at  least  with  that  author  in  writing.     He  even  0( 
to  publish  when  he  could  no  longer  see  to  write ;  and  reli 
amanuensis  to  the  time  of  his  death.     He  was  much  in  far) 
Archbishop  Laud,  and  distinguished  himself  in  the  controv 
tween  that  prelate  and  Archbishop  Williams,  concerning  thi 
of  the  altar*     It  appears,  from  the  inscription  on  his  moiv 
Westminster  Abbey,  that  he  was  sub-dean  to  that  churd 
was  the  highest  preferment  he  enjoyed,  though  he  stro 
pected  a  bishopric.     His  knowledge  in  history  and  divi 
extensive ;  but  he  wrote  with  more  ease  than  elegance ;  an* 
mory,  which  was  very  extraordinary,  was  better  than  his  j 
He  is  not  free  from  the  leaven  and  acrimony  of  party- pi 
The  generality  of  his  writings  are  in  no  great  esteem  at 
but  his  **  Help  to  History,'*  which  is  a  work  of  great  u 
serves  particular  commendation.f     Some  of  the  b^t  of  ] 

"*  Dr.  Glocester  RidleY,  in  lus*'SecciDd  Letter  to  the  Author  of  the  Cc 
p.  tT%  vpcwks  thtts  of  hoB :  '*  Doobdess  he  was  bmased  and  wurm  t 
which,  BoUrithsluidiiig  the  dieadfiil  pcovocatioos  that  he  and  his  pai^ 
was  TCty  blamable;  bat  I  know  not  that  he  misrepresented  things 
and  wiHbHT.'* 

t  His  **  Hitttom  QaiB^aarticalaris'' is  ainong  tiieae  tracts.    It  relates 
qnartictilar  controversj,  which  was  wannlj  agitated  in  this  and  the  pcec 
It  tamed  apon  te  Sne  points*  which  were  the  grand  snbjcct  of  debate 
Gil«ittia%i  and  the  Ara^oiians;  nainelj,  the  eternal  decrees;  freewiU 
centcfMon ;  the  extent  of  Chiisfs  redeaptioa  and  aniTcisal  grace;  an 
oTlhasakils.     T  iahntch's  **  Theologm  Chrtsthna.*  fbanded  « 
U  ufed  translaled  into  alnost  evcij  fauigBage  of  Europe, 
s  p«tling  an  cad  to  *is  cortrofeisT,    Denn  Swifk*s  j 
He^Bn-^  "  Hirt.  of  the  ftcAbjttiiM>''  ■  jt  p  JJiAf  il.  ■  a  mdt  p« 
•ft  ApyndiT  In  his  Wocha^ 


OF   ENGLAND.  41 

are  la  the  ooUection  of  historical  and  miscellaneous  tracts  above- 
mentioned.    Ob.  8  May,  1662.* 

GULIELMUS  OUTRAMUS,  S.  T.  P.  ecclesi»  S*». 
Petri  apud  Westmonasterienses  canonicus  (preben- 
darius).  iJ.  White  sc.  Svo.  Before  his  "  Twenty  Ser- 
numSy  published  from  the  Author's  own  Copies^  by  the 
Rev.  Dr.  James  Gardiner ^  now  Lord  Bishop  ofLincoln^^ 
1697  J  %vo. 

. .  Dr.  Owtram  was  a  man  of  great  industry,  charity,  and  piety,  and  Installed 
^la  excellent  preacher.  Mr.  Baxter  speaks  of  him  as  one  of  the  ^^i*^^* 
liest  and  ablest  of  the  conformists.f  Indeed  such  was  his  modera- 
tion, that  men  of  all  persuasions  spoke  well  of  him.  Dr.  Gardiner 
fells  us,  that  he  never  could  be  prevailed  with,  either  by  the  entreaty 
tf  his  friends  or  the  authority  of  his  superiors,  to  publish  any  of  his 
«rmons.  The  five  printed  under  his  name  are  not  genuine.  He 
fas  famous  for  his  knowledge  in  almost  all  kinds  of  science,  parti- 
tularly  in  rabbinical  learning ;  of  which  he  has  given  eminent  proof 
a  his  book  '*  De  Sacrificiis,"  &c.  Ob.  23  Aug.  1679,  ^t.  64. 
le  lies  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey. 

THO.  BARLOW,  S.  S.  Theol.  Dr.  col.  reg.  prse- 
positus,  et  pro  D.  Margareta  S.  S.  theol.  professor 
mb/icus,  Oa^on.  1672.   Z).  Loggan  ad  vivum  so.  h.  sh. 

See  an  account  of  him  among  the  bishops  in  the  next  reign. 

,  TIMOTHY  HALTON  succeeded  Dr.  Barlow  in  the  len. 
nrovostship  of  Queen's  College,  in  Oxford.     His  por- 
rait  belongs  to  the  reign  of  William  HI. — See  Noble's 
!]l(mtinuation. 

ISAACUS  BARROW,  S.  T.  P.  reg.  Ma^.  a  sacris, 
)U.  S.  S.  Trini.  Cantab,  praefec.  nee  non  acad.  ejusdem 

I*  See  Wood.— The  Epitaph  op.  Dr.  Heylin,  which  b  a  good  composition^  was 
lilleD  by  Dr.  John  Earle,  then  dean  of  Westminster.l 

it"life,"partiii.  p.  19. 

- '  - 

%  Vide  "  Hist,  et  Antiq.  UniT.  Oxon,"  lib.  ii.  «05. 
VdL.  V.  G 


42  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

procanc.  1676.  Loggan  delin.  Before  hii  EhgM 
works yfol.  This  print  has  been  copied  in  small  9lw.1§ 
the  same  engraver y  and  also  by  M.  Vander  Guckt^  (od 
Lud.  Du.  Guernier* 

The  name  of  Dr.  Barrow  will  ever  be  illustrious  for  a  straigtk 
of  mind  and  a  compass  of  knowledge  that  did  honour  to  his  ocmn* 
try.     He  was  unrivalled  in  mathematical  learning,  and  espedallf 
in  the  sublime  geometry;  in  which  he  has  been  excelled  only  if 
one  man,  and  that  man  was  his  pupil  .f    The  san^e  genius  U 
seemed  to  be  born  only  to  bring  hidden  truths  to  light,  to  riietD 
the  heights,  or  descend  to  the  depths  of  science,  could  sometimcil 
amuse  itself  in  the  flowery  paths  of  poetry.J     He  at  length  gpvii 
himself  up  entirely  to  divinity ;  and  particularly  to  the  most  useU 
part  of  it,  that  which  ha9  a  tendency  to  make  men  wiser  and  betteri 
He  has,  in  his  excellent  sermons  on  the  Creed,  solved  every  difr 
culty,  and  removed  every  obstacle  that  opposed  itsetf  to  our  faiAi 
and  made  divine  revelation  as  clear  as  ^e  demonstrations  in  ha 
own  "  Euclid."     He  was  famous  for  the  length  §  as  well  as  the 
excellence  of  his  sermons.     He  knew  not  how  to  leave  off-  writmg 
till  he  had  exhausted  his  subject;  and  if  his  life  had  been  prplongod 
to   seventy  years,  he   might  perhaps  have  gone  as  far  towaidi 
exhausting  science  itself  as  ever  man  did.||    This  excellent  persooi 

*  Dr.  Barrow  would  never  consent  to  ha^e  his  picture  drawn ;  but  IMCrs.  Blaij 
Beale  drew  it  by  stealth,  whilst  some  of  his  friends  held  him  in  dbcoarse.  Hus 
portrait  was  in  the  collection  of  James  West,  esqi  See  Abraham  Hill's  "  Life  oC 
Dr.  Barrow,"  prefixed  to  his  works,  four  pages  from  the  end.  The  biograp]ier,.who 
was  the  doctor's  intimate  friend,  says,  that  "  his  picture  was  never  made  from  the 
life."  Hence  1  took  the  liberty  to  omit  "  ad  vitmm"  after  **  Loggan,**  in  die  first 
edition  of  this  work.  It  is  however  possible,  that  the  engraver  might  alao  haw 
stolen  his  likeness. 

t  Sir  Isaac  Newton. 

X  He  composed  verses  both  in  Ghreek  and  Latin. 

§  He  was  three  houcs  and  a  half  in  preaching  his  admirable  sermon  on  '*  The  Dotj 
and  Reward  of  Bounty  to  the  I^oor."  It  roust  be  acknowledged  that  tiiis  disooime 
was  too  long  for  the  pulpit :  Dr..  Barrow  did  not  consider  that  the  very  oppoi^ 
•tunities  of  doing  good  -might  be  lost  whilst  we  are  attemding  to  the  roles  of  it  The 
Jife  of  nan  is  too  short  for  such  long  sermons. 

II  The  reader  will  be  delighted  with  his  copious  and  exact  description  of  wit,  in  tiie 
sermon  upon  "  Foolish  Talking  and  Jesting."  This  alone  is  a  snffipient  specimoi 
of  his  marvellous  talent  for  exhausting  the  subject. ;  Such  were  his  richness  of 
thought  and  copiousness  of  expression,' upon  the  common  business  of  life,  that  no 
two  of  the  letters  that  he  wrote  to  solicit  contribations  for  Trinity  College  libnrj 
are  alike. — These  letters  are  deposited  in  the  library. 


OF    ENGLAND.     ;  48 

irho  was^a  bright  example  of  Christian  virtue,  as  well  as  a  prodigy 
itf  learning,  died  the  4$h  of. May,  1677,  in  the  47th  year  of  his  age. 
His  English  and  Latin  works  are  in  four  volumes  folio. 

-  R.  CUDWORTH,  D.  D  Loggan  del.  1684.  G. 
Tkrtue  sc.  8w. 

: -;Dr.  Ralph  Cudworth,  who  held  the  same  rank  in  metaphysics 
lyit  Dr»  Barrow  did.jn  sublime  geometry,  was,  in  the  former 
>frt  of  his  life,  a  very  eminent  tutor  at  Emmanuel  College,  in 
Cambridge,  where  he  entered  at  thirteen  years  of  age.  He  had  no 
Ettis  than  twenty-eight  pupils  at  one  time  under  his  care,  among 
jriioin  was  Mr.  William  Temple.*  He  was  afterward  appointed  1645 
i|3Ster  of  Clare  Hali,t  where  he  had  a  share  in  the  education  of 
^iJobn  Tillotson.  He  had  the  courage  to  stem  the  torrent  of 
rieligion  and  atheism  that  prevailed  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  by 
Publishing  his  "  True  Intellectual  System  ;*'  a  book  well  known  for 
be  excellence  of  its  reasoning,  and  the  variety  of  his  learning.  He 
tnderstood  the  oriental  languages,!  and  was  an  exact  critic  in  the 
3^k  and  Latin.  He  was  a  good  antiquary,  mathematician,  and 
i»}ulosopher;  -and  was  superior  to  all  his  contemporaries  in  meta- 
ftliysics.  He  was  father  to  the  learned  and  accomplished  Lady 
Uasham,  of  Oates,  in  Essex,  in  whose  house  Mr.  Locke  spent  the 
^t  fourteen  years  of  his  life.  This  learned  and  pious  man  died 
iime  26,  1688,  in  the  71st  year  of  his  age. 

BENJAMIN  WHICHCOT,  S.  S.  T.  P.  R.  White 
Bc.  Bw.    Before  the  first  volume  of  his  *'  Discourses'* 

An  original  picture  of  him  is  in  the  possession  of  my  ingenious 
*nd  very  worthy  friend,  the  Reverend  Mr.  Bagshaw,  minister  of 
Bromley,  in  Kent. 

.  I>r.  Whichcot,  when  he  was  about  thirty-five  years  of  age,  wias 
tnade  provost  of  King's  College,  in  Cambridge,  of  which  he  was  a 
pradent  apd  vigilitot  governor.  He  was  afterward  successively 
ttinister  of  Black  Friars  and  St.  Laurence  Jewry,  in  London,  where 
ke  was  universally  beloved  and  respected  as  a  parish  priest.  He 
vras  a  man  of'  great  moderation  and  sweetness  of  temper.    His 

*  Afterward  created  a  baronet. 

I  Itt  1C54  be  was  preferred  to  the  mastership  of  Christ's  College. 

X  He,  In  164d9  socoeeded  Dr.  Metcalf  as  regius  profe^or  of  Hebrew. 


44  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

notions  of  religion  were  like  his  charity,  exalted  and  diffiimve,  9ai 
never  limited  by  the  narrow  prejudices  of  sects  and  parties.  He 
was  much  disgusted  with  the  dryness  and  foolishness  of  preacbing 
that  prevailed  in  his  time,  and  encouraged  the  young  students  of 
his  college  to  form  themselves  after  the  best  models  of  Greece  and 
Rome.  He  was  indeed  himself  an  example  of  plain  and  unafieded 
eloquence,  as  well  as  of  sincere  piety.  Mr.  Baxter  numbers  Inn 
with  the  '<  best  and  ablest  of  the  conformists  ;"*  and  another  aadior 
speaks  of  Chillingworth,  Cudworth,  and  Whichcot,  as  ^mead 
manly  thought,  generous  minds,  and  incomparable  leaming.'^f  He 
died  at  the  house  of  Dr.  Cudworth,  master  of  Christ^  College,  ie 
May,  1683,  in  the  74th  year  of  his  age.  His  funeral  sermon  was 
preached  by  Dr.  Tillotson,  who,  though  his  friend,  is  guilty  of  no 
exaggeration  in  his  character.  The  first  volume  of  his  **  Discourses^ 
was  published,  with  a  preface,  by  Anthony,  earl  of  ShaAesbmy, 
author  of  the  '*  Chare^teristics ;"  the  three  next  by  Dr.  Jobn 
Jeffery,  airchdeacon  of  Norwich ;  and  the  last  by  Dr.  Samuel 
Clarke.  He  was  a  considerable  benefactor  to  the  university  of 
Cambridge. 

DR.  JOSEPH  BEAUMONT,  late  the  king's  pro- 
fessor  of  divinity,  and  master  of  St.  Peter's  College, 
in  Cambridge.  R.  White  sc.  Frontispiece  to  hk 
'' Psyche;' fol. 

Dr.  Joseph  Beaumont  succeeded  Dr.  Pearson  in  the  mastersb^ 
of  Jesus  College^  in  Cambridge,  in  1662;  and  was,  within  two 
years  afterward,  appointed  master  of  Peter-house.  In  I67d,  he 
^  was  preferred  to  the  chair  of  regius  professor  of  divinity,  in  wfaid^ 
he  sat  many  years  with  great  reputation.  He  wa9  author  of 
*^  Psyche,  or  Love's  Mystery,  in  twenty-four  Cantos,  displaying 
the  Intercourse  betwixt  Christ  and  the  Soul."  This  allegorical 
poem  was  not  without  its  admirers  in  the  last  age.  Giles  Jacob 
calls  it  an  invaluable  work.  The  second  edition  of  it  was  printed  is 
1702.  Dr.  Beaumont  also  wrote  **  Observations  lipon  the  Apdogj 
of  Dr.  Henry  More,''  Camb.  1685;  4to.  A  considerable  numto 
of  his  poems,  &c.  were  published  in  quarto,  by  subacriptioD,  is 

•  "  Life  of  Baxter,"  part  iii.  p.  19. 
t  The  ingenious  author  of  a  **  Dialogue  on  the  Uses  of  Foreign  Travel,  addre^ed 
to  Lord  Molesworth/'  1764,  Bvo,  p.  178. 


OF   ENGLAND.  *         45 

1749,  with  tbe  life  of  the  author  prefixed.  He  died  in  1699,  in 
Ihe  84th  year  of  his  age.  He  is,  in  his  epitaph  in  the  antichapel 
At  Peter-house,  styled,  "  Poeta,  Orator,  Theologus  prsestantissimus ; 
^quovis  nomine  Hsereticorum  Malleus,  et  Veritatis  Vindex," 

JOHANNES  WALLIS,  S.  T.  D.  geometriae  pro- 
fessor Savilianus,  Oxonise.  Faithorne  delin.  et  sc. 
"1688.  Be/of^e  his  *'  Mechanical  sive  de  Motu^  1670 ;  Ato. 

Johannes  Wallis,  S.  T.  P.  geometriae  professor 
"Savilianus,  Oxon.  reg.  ma'^  a  sacris,  Regalis  Socie- 
tatis  tiOnd.  sodalis.  Loggan  ad vivum  delin.  1678 ;  h.sh. 

John  Wallis,  &c.    Loggan.   M.  Burghers;  foL 

John  Wallis,  &c.  Sonmans.   Id.  1699 ;/o/. 

John  Wallis,  &c.    Cipriani.   BasirCy  1791. 

John  Wallis,  &c.,i©.  86  (1700).  Kneller.  Faber. 

Dr.  John  Wallis  was  born  at  Ashford,  in  Kent,  of  which  parish 
his  father  was  minister.  After  learning  a  little  arithmetic  of  his 
brother,  he  made  his  way  in  the  mathematics  by  the  force  of  a 
genius  which  seemed  to  be  designed  by  nature  for  this  branch  of 
science,  and  that  was  equal  to  every  thing  to  which  it  was  applied. 
He  was  not  content  with  treading  in  the  footsteps  of  other  mathe- 
maticians, but  in  several  instances  went  beyond  them ;  and  is  by 
Mr.  Glanvill  ranked  with  Vieta  and  Des  Cartes,  who  are  of  the 
first  class  of  discoverers  in  mathematical  knowledge.*  He  invented 
the  method  for  measuring  all  kinds  of  curves,  and  was  thought  to 
have  gone  nearer  than  any  other  man  towards  squaring  the  circle^ 
which  he  has  demonstrated  to  be  impossible.  He  greatly  improved 
decimal  arithmetic,  and  was  the  first  that  reduced  a  fraction,  by  a 
continued  division,  to  an  infinite  series ;  which  series  was  afterward 
employed  by  Lord  Brouncker  in  squaring  the  hyperbola.  He  was 
the  inventor  of  the  modern  art  of  deciphering,t  which  he  practised 
Iq  the  time  of  the  civil  war.    The  writers  of  the  papers  which  he 

• 

•  Glanidll's  «  Plus  Ultra,"  p.  31,  &  seq. 

t  There  is  a  discourse  by  Dr.  Wallis  on  this  art,  printed  in  <*  An  Essay  on  tbe 
Art  of  Decipbering;*'  Lond.  1737 ;  4to.  This  essay  was  written  by  tbe  ingenious 
Jhlr.  John  Davys,  formerly  of  Hart  Hall,  in  Oxford,  and  afterward  rector  of  Castle 
Ashby,  in  Northamptonsbire. 


46  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

pndertodk  to  explain,  were  astonished  when  they  saw  them 
phered;  and  fairly  owned  that  there  was  great  truth,  if  notinU* 
libility,  in  his  art.  He  was  probably  the  first  that  ufiveutA  t 
method' of  teaching  deaf  and  dumb  persons  to  speak,  and  to  imdof* 
stand  a  language.*  He  composed  an  English  grammar,  in  wfaid 
are  many  things  entirely  his  own,  and  which  shew  ^t  once  the 
grammarian  and  the  philosopher.  Ob,  28  Oct.  1703,  ^t,  87.  Hk 
works  are  in  three  volumes  folio.  A  volume  of  his  Sermons,  8to. 
with  some  account  of  his  life,  was  published  in  1791,  in  which  is 
an  ingenious  and  interesting  defence  of  the  Trinity. 

HENRICUS  MORUS,  Cantabrigiensis,  S.  S.  T.D- 
A.  M.  61,  8sc. 

*^  O  chara  anima,  quando  una  eris  et  nuda  et  simplex !" 

M.  Antoninus,  Med.  lib.  X.  He  is  represented  sitting 
under  a  largt  tree.  W.  Faithorne  del.  et  sc.  Before  his 
"  Opera  Theological'  1676;  foL 

Henricus  Morus,  &c.  D.  Loggan  ad  vivum  delin. 
h.  sh. 

.  We  are  informed:  by  the  author  of  his  *\  Life,''  that  this  head  if 
much  like  him;  ^d  that  Faithorne,  though  his  print  is  finelj 
exejcuted,  lias  not  hit  his  features. 

Henry  More,  &c.  D.  Loggan  delin.  M.  Vander 
Gucht  so.  Svo.  copied  from  the  next  above,  and  praised 
to  his  ^'  Life,''  by  Richard  Ward,  1710. 

Dr.  Henry  More,  who  was  by  many  esteemed  one  of  the  greatest 
divines  and  philosophers,+  and  was  certainly  one  of  the  best  men 

*  See  "  Philos.  Transact"  under  the  year  1670.  Mr.  Wood  attributes  this  infen- 
tion  to  Dr.  Holder;  which  is,  with  good  reason,  contradicted  bj  Mr.  Waiton,  la 
hb  "  life  of  Dr.  Bathurst,"  p.  157.  See  the  article  of  Dr.  Holder  in  this  class. 

t  Mr.  Hobbes,  who  was  one  of  his  admirers,  said,  that  "  if  his  own  philosophy 
was  not  true,  be  knew  none  that  he  should  sooner  like  than  Mote's  of  Cambridge.^ 

It  is  more  natural  for  the  human  mind  to  fly  from  one  extreme  to  the  other  Ifaaii 
it  is  commonly  imagined.  Hobbes,  in  the  instance  before  us>  if  he^had  aat  beeo 
attached  to  his  own  philosophy,  would  have  chosen  that  which  is  just  the  contrary. 
So  Alexander  declared,  "  That  if  he  were  not  Alexander,  he  wonld  wish  to  fie 
Diogenes  ,*  having  probably  been  taught  by  his  master  Aristotle,  that  contraction 
of  desire  may  produce  happiness,  as  well  as  amplitude  of  possession. 


OF    ENGLAND.  47 

time>  had  a  gopd  4^  of  tatural  enthusiasm.  He  was  fired 
or  rather  enraptured,  with  the  Platonic  philosophy ;  and  his  writings 
slew  how  happy  a  visionary  the  author  was.  Mr.  John  Norris,  his 
ftiend,  and  a  man  of  similar  but  superior  character,  styles  him, 
^  The  intellectual  Epicure.*'  His  works,  which  were  formerly  much 
fead,  have  been  long  neglected.  Sir  Samuel  Garth  condemns  them 
lii  the  lump :  speaking  of  Dr.  TysonV  library,  he  says, 

"  And  hither  rescued  from  the  grocer's  come, 
More's  works  entire,  and  endless  reams  of  Blome."* 

He  would  at  least  have  excepted  his  excellent ''  System  of  Ethics/' 
if  he  had  been  acquainted  with  the  book.  This  is  commended  by 
Mr.  Addison,  in  No.  86  of  the  "  Spectator ."f  Ob.  1  Sept.  1687, 
£t.  73.    Vide  Johannes  Cockshuit,  Class  VIII. 

EDVARDUS  SPARKE,  S.T.D.  1662.  A.  Hertochs 

Edvardus  Sparke,  S.  T.  D.  regi  a  sacris,  1666, 
^vo.    White  sc.    Before  his  ''  Scintilla  Altaris'' 

Dr.  Edward  Sparke,  who  was  educated  in  the  nniversity  of 
Cambridge^  was,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  minister  of  St.  Martin's 
ckorch,  in  Ironmonger-lane,  London ;  from  which  he  was  ejected 
in  the  civil  war,  and  plundered  of  his  goods.  In  1660,  he  was  re- 
stored to  his  benefice,  and  made  chaplain  to  Charles  II.  In  1665, 
he  succeeded  Mr.  William  Bedwell  in  the  vicarage  of  Tottenham 
High-cross,  in  Middlesex.  He  published  a  sermon' preached  at  the 
ftmeral  of  Henry  Chitting,  esq.  Chester-herald ;  a  book  of  devo- 
tions; and  ''  Scintilla  Altaris,  or  a  pious  Reflection  on  primitive 
Devotion,  as  to  the  Feasts  and  Fasts  of  the  Christian  Church 
orthodoxly  revived."    This  book  has  been  several  times  printed. 

SAMUEL  DRAKE,  D.  D.    Birrell  sc.  4to. 

Dr.  Drake  was  fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  and  on 
account  of  his  father's  loyalty  to  Charles  I.  and  his  bravery  in  the 
sieges  of  Pontefract  and  Newark  Castles,  was  created  by  royal 
i&andate  D.  D.  He  had  also  a  prebend  in  the  cathedral  church  of 
^oik,  and  in  the  collegiate  of  Southwell.     He  died  in  1673. 

• 

*  **  Dispensary/'  canto  iv. 

t  The  book  is  in  Latin,  and  has  been  often  printed  at  home  and  abroad. 


48  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

RICHARD   SHERLOCK,    D.  D.  rector  of  > 
wick.    M,  Vandergucht  sc. 

The  print  is  prefixed  to  his  '<  Practical  Christian,**  the  6th  e 
of  which  was  published  in  8vo.  1713. 

Richard  Sherlock,  a  native  of  Oxton,  in  Werral/'i^  the  c 
of  Chester,  received  part  of  his  education  at  Mi^^dalen  H 
Oxford,  whence  he  removed  to  Trinity  College,  near  Dublin, 
was  some  time  a  minister  of  several  small  parishes  in  Ireland 
upon  the  commencement  of  the  civil  war,  he  came  into  Enj 
and  was  chaplain  to  one  of  the  king's  regiments  at  Nantwi 
Cheshire.  He  was  afterward  curate  to  Dr.  Jasper  Mayi 
Christ  Church,  at  Cassington,  an  obscure  village  near  Wood* 
About  the  year  1652,  he  was  retained  as  chaplain  to  Sir  I 
Bindlosse,  of  Berwick  Hall,  in  Lancashire,  where  be  was 
troubled  with  the  Quakers,  against  whom  he.wrote  several  polk 
pieces,  a  species  of  divinity  that  ill  suited  his  disposition,  as 
tical  Christianity  was  his  delight.  Upon  the  restoration,  he  b 
doctor  of  divmity  in  the  university  of  Dublin ;  and  was,  t 
favour  of  his  patron,  James,  earl  of  Derby,  preferred  to  th 
benefice  of  Winwick.f  He  was  afterward  the  same  piou 
humble  man  that  he  was  before,  and  seemed  to  have  only  th 
vantage  from  his  preferment,  the  constant  exertion  of  that  < 
torvards  the  poor  and  distr^ssed^  tokich  was  before  a  strongy  but 
principle  in  his  hearti  His  chief  work  is  bis  **  Practical  Chrii 
He  caused  this  inscription  to  be  engraved  on  brass,  and  fixe 
flat  stone  laid  over  bis  grave :  ^'  Exufise  Richard!  Sherlock,  S. 
indignissimi  hujus  ecclesiee  rectoris.  obiit  20.  die  Junii,  Anne 
tis  76,  Anno  Dom.  1689. — Sal  infatuum  conculcate." — ^To  w 
person,  who  knew  his  merit,  added  these  words :  ^*  En  viri  ss 
simi  modestia !  qui  epitaphium  se  indignum  inscribi  voleba 
vita  et  mcrita  ejus  laudes  omnes  longe  superarent.'* 

His  "  Life,*'  prefixed  to  the  6th  edition  of  his  "  Practical 
tian,"t  was  written  by  his  nephew  Dr.  Thomas  Wilson,  the 
tive  bishop  of  Sodor  and  Man«  who  resembled  him  in  sever 
eumstauces  of  his  character. 


*  I1iit(  place  haa  reason  to  bleas  hb  memory  (or  the  useful  charity  which 
there  established. 

t  lu  the  county  of  Lancaster.  It  is  esteemed  the  richest  living  in  Engia 
haM  bi'eik  valu«»d  at  t-lOO/.  (K*r  annum. 

t  It  is  also  printed  iu  the  **  Memorials  and  Characters,**  published  by  Wilford 


THE  REVP  JAMES    PAtMEB.B.D.  . 

Ob.  Jai^.^.l6.i9. 


OF    ENGLAND.  '49 

GULIELMUS  FALKNER,  S.  S.  T.  P.  J.  Sturt  sc. 
4  to.   Before  his  works. 

William  Falkner,  who  was  one  of  the  town-preachers  at  Lynn 

Regis,  in  Norfolk,  was  author  of  several  pieces  of  divinity,  printed 

in  one  volume  in  quarto,  1684.     His  "  Libertas  Ecclesiastica," 

written  in  English,  and  published  in  8vo.  1674,  is  a  book  of  merit. 

Mr.  Wood,  in  his  "  Fasti,''  under  the  year  1671,  mentions  William 

Falconer,  M.  A.  of  Aberdeen,  who  was  then  incorporated  into  the 

university  of  Oxford,  and  was  one  of  the  first  Scotch  exhibitioners 

at  Baliol  College  ;  but  he  was  not  at  that  time  an  author.     Queere 

if  the  same  person. 

HENRY  HIBBERT,  D.  D.   D.  Logganf.  h.  sh. 

This  print  is  anonymous.  Under  the  head  is  an  epigram  of  six 
Hnes,  which  contain  nothing  but  the  old  hackneyed  turn  of  thought, 
which  is  so  often  seen  under  portraits ;  intimating  that  the  pencil 
or  the  graver  can  express  only  iJie  outside  of  an  author,  and  that  his 
mind  is  exhibited  in  his  book.  The  print  is  distinguished  by  the 
Word  Burin,  which  is  in  larger  letter  than  the  rest. 

Henry  Hibbert,  who  received  his  education  at  Brazen-nose  Col- 
lege, in  Oxford,  was  successively  minister  of  All-hallows  the  Less, 
and  of  St.  Olave  in  the  Old  Jewry,  London.  He  was  author  of 
sermons,  and  other  theological  discourses:  but  his  chief  work  is 
"  Syntagma  Theologicum,  or  a  Treatise  wherein  is  concisely  com- 
prehended the  Body  of  Divinity,  and  the  Fundamentals  of  Religion 
orderly  discussed,''  &c.  1662,  to  which  is  prefixed  his  portrait. 
Mr.  Wood  informs  us  that  he  was  accounted  a  Presbyterian,  but 
lie  was  not  ejected  from  St.  Olave's,  in  1662.     Oh.  18  Dec.  1678. 

DR.  ADAM  SAMUEL  HARTMAN;  oval;  clerical 

kbit. 

I  never  saw  this  print  but  in  the  Pepysian  collection. 

Dr.  Adam  Samuel  Hartman.    Harding  sc. 

Mr.  Wood  informs  us,  that  *'  Adam  Samuel  Hartman,  D.  D,  pf 
the  university  of  Frankfort  upon  the  Oder,  bishop  of  the  refonpf  d 
<^Wrches  through  Great  Poland  and  Prussia,"  was  incorporated 
doctor  of  divinity  at  Oxford  in  1680. 

VOL.  V.  H 


60  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

ANDRE  LORTIE,  ci-devant  ministre  de  I'Egl 
reforme  de  la  Rochelle,  et  a  present  a  Londre,  T 
Somerf.  1681,  h,  sh.  mezz. 

He  is  placed  here  as  D.  D. 

Andrew  Lortie,  S.  T.  P.  occurs  in  Newcourt's  "  Repertory,"  vo 
p.  459,  as  rector  of  Packlesham,  in  Essex.  He  became  so  Ma 
1683,  and  was  the  same  year  incorporated  D.  D.  of  Cambridge 
royal  mandate.  He  appears  to  have  been  presented  to  this  b< 
fice  by  Dr.  Compton,  then  bishop  of  London,  who,  as  Burnet 
forms  us,*  "  was  a  great  patron  of  the  converts  from  popery, 
of  those  Protestants,  whom  the  bad  usage  they  were  beginnin| 
meet  with  in  France  drove  over  to  us."  Dr.  Lortie  was  certa 
living  in  the  year  1700.  A  person  of  both  his  names  is  mentio 
in  Letsome's  "  Historical  Register,*'  as  the  author  of  a  volumi 
sermons,  1720,  8vo.  He  is  there  called,  **  late  rector  of  Bar 
Nottinghamshire,  and  was  probably  a  son  of  the  former. 

TITUS  GATES,  D.  D.  appeared  at  the  head 
that  cloud  of  witnesses  which  helped  to  obscure 
reign  of  Charles  II.    As  he  has  no  right  to  occi 
thij^  class,  I  have  placed  him  with  the  rest  of 
fraternity  in  tb^  twelfth.     His  najwci  is  a  perfect  o 
traat  to  the  next. 


JOHN  RAWiET,  B.  D.  di^d  Sept.  28,  1686, . 
44 ;  %V6. 

John  Rawlet,  a  man  distinguished  by  his  many  and  great  virt 
and  his  excellent  preacliing,  wa»  maay  years  lecturer  at  Newcai 
upon-Tyne.  His  sermons  were  plain,  convincing,  and  persiiae 
perfectly  adapted  to  the  lowest,  and  approved  by  th^  highest,  c\ 
cities.  He  thoroughly  understood  the  nature  of, a  popular  discov 
of  which  he  has  left  us  a  specimen  in  his  '^  Christian  Monitx 
which  has  fblly  answered  the  purposes  for  which  it  was  intent 
and  has  been  oftener  printed  than  a»y  other  tract  of  pracl 

*  Vol.  i.  p.  395,  Mib.  apa.  107^. 


lnity»  This  tt  a  v«ry  praip^r  hobk  for  the  cfoy^  to  distribulei 
)ng  their  ]>iartshioiier8.*  llie  ptouft  author,  who  waB  himself  the 
d  Christian  that  he  taught  others  to  be,  laboured  for  the  sake 
loing  good.  He  was  offered  the  Uving  of  Ck)leshill,  in  Warwick- 
re,  worth  400/.  a  year ;  but  refused  it,  as  he  thought  he  could 
more  useful  at  Newcastle.  As  he  declined  the  acceptance,  Lord 
^by  desired  him  to  nominate  some  other  person ;  upon  which  he 
ommended  Mr.  Kettlewell,  on  whom  it  was  conferred.  Mr. 
ivlet  was  author  of  sevef  al  other  pieces,  all  of  which  have  a  ten- 
icy  to  promote  ptactioal  religion  ,t 

GULIELMUS  WALKER,  S.T.  B.  scliolse  public® 
ondam  Ludensis,  nunc  Granthamiensis,  magister, 
t  59.    Before  his  **  English  Examples,^'  ^vo. 

i¥illiam  Walker,  who  was  one  of  the  most  able  schoolmastsrs 
bis  time,  was  isuocesfeiyely  master  of  the  schools  of  Lowih  and 
antham,  in  Lincolnshire.  He  wrote  several  books  on  grammar, 
raseology,  rhetoric,  and  logic ;  and  also,  ^*  A  modest  Plea  for 
ant  Baptism^''  Bat  the  book  which  gmned  him  most  reputation, 
i  which  l^s  been  oftener  printed  than  any  of  his  works,  except 
"  English  Examples,''  was  his  "  Treatise  of  English  Particles,'* 
udicious  p«^f manc«,  and  much  wanted :  it  is  dedicated  to  Dr. 
isby.  He  is  said  to  have  had  the  honour  of  instructing  Sir  Isftao 
iwto6,t  ^^0  ^^  ham  at  Woolstrope,  a  hamlet  belonging  to  Col- 
irworth,^  a  few  ttiiles  iWxtti  Gmntliam.  Of  this  parish  Mr.  Wa&6t 


*  Tbe  I&te  mgenioui  and  learned  Mr.  James  Merrick,  a  well  known  clei^gynmn  of 
adingjwho  was  indefatigable  in  his  endeavours  to  promote  literature,  charity,  and 
tj,  has  distributed  near  10,000  copied  of  this  excellent  tract  chiefly  among  the 
livers,  many  of  whom  he  has  brought  to  a  sense  of  religion^ — ^Though  I  cherish 
I  vevftrenoe  tbe  memory,  I  sh&iil  not  here  attempt  the  character  of  this  wordiy 
"Mn ;  so  worthy,  a6  excellent,  that  it  is,  indeed,  far  beyond  ttiy  power  to  do  jns- 
itoit. 

'  In  Dr.  James  Stonehouse's  "  Friendly  Letter  to  a  Patient  just  admitted  into 
Infirmary,"  p*  25.  edit.  6,  are  these  words :  "  I  cannot  here  forbear  mentioning 
>tooas  of  tolerable  circumstances  (if  this  letter  should  come  mto  such  hands)> 
iwlet's  Treatise  on  Sacramental  Covenanting,'  which  has  passed  tiiroug^  eigbt 
ions,  and  is,  in  my  opinion,  a  lively  and  judicious  book,  in  which  there  is  a 
97  mi^ure  of  tbe  Ukstmbdv^  and  paftietic." 

This  is -contradicted  in  the  "Gentleman's  Magazine,"  for  Nov.  1772,  p.  522. 
]Populai'Iy  caih^  Coltswo^th. 


52  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

was  rector,  and  he  lies  buried  in  his  own  church  with  the  following 
inscription  on  his  tomb,  which  alludes  to  his  capital  work  : 

Hie  jacent 

Gulielmi  Walkeri 

Particuloe. 

obiit 
1  mo  Aug^. 
.         C  Dom.  1684, 
^^^^iiEtatis,61. 
He  had  a  son  who  was  vicar  of  Sunning,  in  Berkshire. 

EDWARDUS  BOYS,  S.  T.  B.  M.  66.  W.  Faithom 
sc.    Before  his  Sermons. 

Edward  Boys,  who  received  the  former  part  of  his  education  at 
Eton  school,  was  afterward  successively  a  scholar  and  fellow  of  | 
Corpus  Christ!  College,  in  Cambridge.    In  1634,  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  university  preachers;  and,  in  1640|  was,  by  William 
Paston,  esq.  presented  to  the  rectory  of  Mautby,  in  Norfolk.   Mr. 
Masters,  to  iHiom  I  am  indebted  for  this  account  of  him,  ''  appre-j 
bends''  that  he  was  chaplain  to  Charles  I.     He  certainly  deserrdl 
that  distinction,  as  he  was  a  man  of  acknowledged  merit,  and  i 
justly-admired  preacher ;  and  therefore  muph  in  favour  with  tbej 
bishop  of  Norwich.    Roger  Fljmt,  the  editor  of  his  sermons,  vitkl 
difficulty  obtained  leave  of  the  dying  author  to  communicate  theaj 
to  the  public ;  but  it  was  upon  condition  ^*  that  he  should  say  notl 
ofhimJ*    From  which  he  leaves  the  reader  to  judge  how  great 
man  he  was,  who  made  so  little  of  himself.     He  hopes,  however,! 
that  he  may  add,  without  breach  of  promise,  ^*  that  when  a  man'i 
genius  is  fitted  for  government ;  when  his  person  is  guarded  iriij 
authority,  and  his  deportment  with  gravity ;  when  his  courage  v 
tempered  with  moderation,  and  his  knowledge  with  discretion; 
when  a  priest  and  a  gentleman  meet  in  one  person,  the  chi 
must  needs  su£Per  a  great  loss,  that  such  a  one  should  expire  in  i 
country  village  consisting  only  of  four  farmers.    But  I  must  say 
more  than  this,  that  he  was  nephew  to  Dr.  Boys,  that  famous  de 
of  Canterbury ;  and  thou  mayest  judge  by  his  writings ;  they  we 
near  of  kin." 

The  Rev.  RICHARD   KINGSTON,  M.  A. 
preacher  of  St.  James's,  Clerkenwell.     Under  the  kt 


OF    ENGLAND.  63 

*  which  is  engraved  in  the  manner  of  Gaywood,  are  four 
Latin  lines :  "  Umbra  Viri  fades"  S^c,  8vo.  The  print  is 
prefixed  to  his  '^  Pilulce  Pestilentales,''  a  sermon  preached 

;  at  St.  PauFsy  in  the  midst  of  the  late  sore  visitation^ 
printed  in  1665.     The  head  is  copied  by  Richardson. 

Richard  Kingston  should  be  here  mentioned  with  distinction  and 
honour.  In  the  midst  of  the  dreadful  pestilence,  when  *'  thousands 
fell  on  his  right  hand,  and  ten  thousands  on  his  left,"  he  appeared 
to  be  under  the  peculiar  care  of  Providence.  At  this  time,  as 
he  informs  us  in  the  preface,  he  was  occupied  by  day  in  visiting  the 
sick,  and  by  night  in  burying  the  dead ;  having  no  time  for  study 
but  what  he  deducted  from  his  natural  rest. 

I  JOHANNES  GOAD,  artis  astro-meteorologicae  in- 
staurator,  Mt.  62,  1677,  Sgc.  R.  White  sc.  Before  his 
posthumous  work  J  entitled^  "  Astro- Meteor  ologia  sana^^ 
^c.  4^0.  1690.     This  print  is  much  like  the  author. 

John  Goad,  who  was  educated  at  St.  John's  College,  in  Oxford, 

v?as,  near  twenty  years,  chief  master  of  Merchant  Taylors'  school, 

in  London.     In  1681,  he  was  ejected  from  this  employment,  on 

account  of  some  passages  which  savoured  strongly  of  popery,  in 

^is  "  Comment  on  the  Church  Catechism,"  composed  for  the  use 

0^  his  scholars.     After  his  ejectment,  he  taught  school  in  "West- 

niinster.     He  was  a  man  in  general  esteem  for  his  probity  and 

Naming,  and  particularly  for  his  abilities  as  a  schoolmaster.     He 

&d  Oct.  28,  1689,  having,  a  few  years  before,  declared  himself  a 

Koman  Catholic*     He  was  author  of  several  sermons,  and  one  or 

two  vocabularies,  &c.  but  his  great  work,  which  employed  him  for 

^  considerable  part  of  his  life,  was  his  '*  Astro-Meteorologica ;  or 

.  Aphorisms  and  Discourses  of  the  Bodies  celestial,  their  Natures 

^^d  Influences,  discovered  from  the  Variety  of  the  Alterations  of 

^c  Air,  temperate  or  intemperate,  as  to  Heat  or  Cold,  Frost,  Snow, 

*^ail,  Fog,  Rain,  Wind,  Storm,  Lightnings,  Thunder,  Blasting, 

"iirricane,"  &c.   London,  1686,  fol.    This  book  gained  the  author 

*  E»reat  reputation.  The  subject  of  it  is  a  kind  of  astrology,  founded, 

mi  Mr.  Wood's  account  ef  him,  that  he  only  outwardly  con- 
of  England,  from  the  year  1660. 


54 


BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 


for  the  most  part,  on  reaaon  and  experiinant»  at  mil  appear  by< 
paring  it  with  Mr.  Boyle*s  "  History  of  the  Air/'  and  Dr.  MeiA 
book  ^*  De  Imperio  Solis  et  Lunae.** 

JOHANNES  NEWTON,  M.  39,  1660;  i^fw^ 
"  Mathematical  Elements,  by  John  Newton^  M.  A!" 
1660;  4 to. 

John  Newton,  who  was  some  time  a  commoner  of  Edmund 
Hall,  in  Oxford,  was,  soon  after  the  restoration,  created  doctor  of 
divinity,  made  chaplain  to  the  king,  and  preferred  to  the  rectory  oC 
Ross,  in  Herefordshire.  He  seems,  by  his  works^  to  have  roi 
through  the  whole  circle  of  sciences^  There  is  in  the  "  Athena 
Oxonienses,''  a  catalogue  of  his  books  of  arithmetic,  geometiy, 
trigonometry,  astronomy,  the  seven  liberal  arts,  cosmography,  geo- 
graphy, logic,  and  rhetoric  ;  down  to  epbemerideB>  almanacks,  and 
instructions  for  children  to  read.  Mr.  Wood  speaks  of  him  as  i 
learned  man,  but  of  a  singular  and  capricious  character.  Oh.  Jan. 
1678-9. 


EDMUNDUS  ELISEUS,  A.  M.  Coll.  Bal.  quon- 
dam  Socius.  He  thus  writes  himself  in  the  titk-pagt  U 
his  "  Miscellanea,''  1662, 4 to,  before  which  is  an  anrnf- 
mous  print  of  him  by  Fait  home,  in  an  octagmi  frttim 
Matis  suce  28.   An\  Do.  1662.    With  coat  of  arm. 

Edmund  EliiSeus  ;  in  an  octagon  frame,  ^.  H^. 
Richardson;  4to. 

Edmund  Elys,"*^  son  of  a  clergyman  m  Detonshirey  was  educatsd 
at  Baliol  College,  in  Oxford.  In  1655.,  about  ikxt  time  When  bt 
took  the  degree  of  bachelor  of  arts,  being  then  fellow  of  the  ^ 
lege,  he  published  a  small  volume  of  divine  poems,  a«d  a&bthet  k 
1658.  The  same  year  he  published  <'  Miscellanea,''  in  Latin  vA 
Englbh  verse,  and  several  short  essays  in  Latin  prdai^.  This  book 
was  reprinted  in  1662.  In  the  preface,  and  more  patticialaHj  it 
p.  32,  he  speaks  with  great  sensibility  of  some  persons  who  had 
decried  his  performances,  and  aspersed  his  character  on  account  of 

♦  So  witttteh  by  Mr.  Wcn^» 


r. 


HiA  .»/»^.A  f  ,Ty^,j.  i..,\k'T>  1  ~l jr,.^    AT-^f  U, 


OF  ENGLAND.  55 

■pme  levities  and  sallies  of  youth.  In  1659,  he  succeeded  his 
IJBLther  in  the  rectory  of  East  AUington,  in  Devonshire.  His  ooq- 
^  dnct  appears  to  have  been  irreproachable  after  he  entered. into  holy 
-  orders.  He,  by  his  writings,  has  given  sufficient  testimony  of  his 
'.  parts^  industry,  and  learning.  The  rpost  remarkable  of  his  nume- 
I  TDQS  works,  which  are  mentioned  by  Wood,  is  the  pamphlet  which 
i'*  lie  published  against  Dr.  Tillotson's  '^  Sermons  on  the  Incarnation;" 
■  and  the  most  estimable  is  his  volume  of ''  Letters/'  &c.  as  some  of 
them  were  written  to  eminent  persons,  particularly  Dr.  Sherlock 
\  and  Dr.  B^ntley.  There  are  also  letters  from  Dr.  Henry  More, 
Dr.  Barlow,  and  others,  to  Edmund  Elys.  He  was  living,  and  in 
itadious  retirement,  in  1693,  at  which  time  he  was  a  nonjuror.  See 
**  Athen.  Ozon."  ii.  col.  943. 

> 

CLEMENT  ELLIS,  An.  iEtat.  68 ;  clerical  habit, 
^nudl  Svo.    Under  the  head  is  a  mermaid  in  a  circle.* 

Clement  Ellis  was  born  in  Cumberland,  and  educated  at  Queen's 

CoUes^t  in  Oxford,  of  which  he  became  fellow.    He  was  patronised 

by  lymiam,  marquis,  and  afterward  duke,  of  Newcastle,  who  pre- 

seiited  liim  to  the  rectory  of  Kirkby,  in  Nottinghamshire,  of  which 

ke  wa«  the  laborious,  useful,  and  exemplary  minister.  His  writings, 

e^Mie^  one  or  two  juvenile  pieces  of  poetry,  have  a  tendency  to 

promote  practical  religion.     His  principal  work  is  "  The  Gentile 

Sinner,  or  England's  brave  Gentleman  characterised,  in  a  letter  to 

a  Friend,"  1660,  small  Svo.  of  which  several  editions  have  been 

published. t     His  small  tract,  entitled  *'  Christianity  in  short;  or 

the  ^hort  Way  to  be  a  good  Christian ;  recommended  to  such  as 

It  eiAer  time  or  capacity  for  reading  longer  and  learned  Dis- 

mrses,'*  was,  perhaps,  oftener  printed  than  any  of  his  works. 

was  one  of  the  popular  tracts  which  was  pirated  and  vilely 

ited  on  tobacco  paper,  **  by  Henry  Hills,  in  Black-Friars,  for  the 

it  of  the  poor;"  by  which  was  meant  the  poor  purchaser. 


piiat,  according  to  the  strictness  of  chronology,  may  possibly  belong  to  ft 
reign. 
^"f  The  writer,  in  this  book,  first  draw?  the  character  of  a  vain  and  debauched 
■U  of  &shion;  nest  of  those  who  are  vicious  in  a  less  degree;  and  concludes 
•ilh  that  of  a  Christian  gentleman.  This  work,  which  was  written  in  a  fortnight,  in 
ike  earlj  part  of  the  author's  life,  is  not  without  merit,  either  in  design  or  composi- 
iio;  bdf  we,  in  the  course  of  it,  too  frequently  meet  with  the  fulsome  metaphors 
If  fonatics,  And  such  qnaintnesses  as  abound  in  Overbury's  characters. 


r 


56  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

The  author  was  living  at  Kirkby,  in  1694.     See  "  Athen.  Oxon.'' 
ii.  col.  969. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  WILLIAM  CRAY,  of  Newcastle;  a 
small  anonymous  mezzotinto.    F.  Place  f.  1683. 

This  person  was  probably  a  friend  of  Mr.  Place,  who  engrayed 
for  his  amusement. 

ff 

ROBERT  WALWYN,  late  minister  of  towcester, 
&c.  \2mo. 

Robert  Walwyn  was  author  of  a  compendious  system  of  divinitj, 
entitled,  '^  A  particular  View  of  the  Fundamentals  of  the  Cbristian 
Religion,"  1666,  small  8vo. 


■ 

An  ano7iymous  pm^trait  of  a  clergyman  in  a  surplice^ 
arms,  Bible,  and  Prayer-book ;  underneath  are  four 
lines,  "  This  but  the  shade  of  him  adorrid  in  white,''  S^c, 
intimating  that  he  was  author  of  polemical  pieces.  W: 
Sherwin  sc.  l2mo.  The  name  of  this  author  was  George] 
Alsop. — See  Bromley's  Catalogue  of  English  Portrait^ 
Period  V.  Class  IV.        " 

N.  B.  Stillingfleet,  Patrick,  Tenison,  Homeck,  and  other  eni- 
nent  divines  of  the  established  church,  flourished  in  this  reign,  btttj 
their  portraits  belong  to  a  subsequent  period. 

NONCONFORMISTS. 

JOANNES  OWENUS,  &c.    R.  WJtite  sc.  h.  sk. 

Joannes  Owen,  S.  T.  D.  &c.  Vertuesc.  copiedfnM^ 
the  above.     Before  his  ivorks,  1121,  foL 

Joannes  Owen,  D.  D.  J.  Vandevelde  crc.  4te.j 
mezz. 


GEORGE  ALSOP. 

JCoA-  t&'awne   tJ»ct  tke^rei-itise-  Mary  Larui 

f»r  ti/hiefi  his  Jiadear  Ase^tl^rvep   l^  pm^t 
At  tfeiioJ-  PoetJ  Jet,  lA,  v^ad^  5/'  S^yr    . 


r^iiy  »■"  ^i^^4/i.^c«j?/.sir.,e  £.;,t/i.^  F.^U-r 


OP   ENOLAND.  67 

John  Om^en,  &c.  prefiMd  to  his  life.    R.  White; 
Svo. 

JoHNOt^^feN;  me^t.  J.v.Velde. 

John  Owen.    J.  Riley  del.  J.  Caldwall  so.    In  the 
"  Nonconformists'  Memorial''' 

John  Owen,  some  time  dean  of  Ctitist  CbUrch,  and  vice-<;han«- 
celloT  of  the  liniveFsity  of  Oxford^  w£ts  a  man  of  ifnote  learning  and 
politeness  than  any  of  the  Independents ;  and  was,  perhaps,  ex- 
i^eded  by  noti6  tff  thkf  paifty  in  ptobtty  aild  [ii^ty.     Suppdsitig  it 
necessary  fbr  6he  df  his  pef^uasidti  16  be  pkd^d  Sit  th^  he&d  6f  the 
university,  flWie  Was  so  proper  as  this  pers6fi$  Who  goveitifed  k 
d^vetal  years,  With  nauch  ptudence  and  m6deratioii,  wheh  fidtio^ 
and  animofiity  de^nied  ia  be  a  pan  of  every  I'eligion.    He  was  a 
mati  of  ati  engaging  dbtiVer^adoti,  and  had  m  e:sc6elieilt  talent  fdir 
pfeacbing.   He  Was  highly  itt  faVouf  with  Ctoinwell,  and  w&S,  after 
the  restoi^tidiS,  btfcfed  prefei»tneiit  ifi  the  thufch,  which  he  refii&ed. 
Two  days  before  hifi  d^ath,  he  dictated  a  letter  to  k  jpattieulat 
Mend,  iti  which  at^  th^ge  Wdf ds  :  "  1  am  Wviiig  the  ship  of  the 
church  in  £1  t^6flh,  btit  Whilst  the  gfeat  f^iiot  \i  in  it,  th6  16^6  of  a 
poor  under-rower  will  be  inconsiderable."*  '  He  died  August  24, 
1683j  in  the  67th  y«tt  of  hig  age.f    Ilier6  Ar6  Sortie  v6ry  peculiar 
expressions  in  his  writings  t    Soldmoil's  Song  could   not  furiiish 
him  with  a  sufficient  number  of  phrases  to  express  his  love  of 

*  Caktmj. 

t  Mr.  Weo4  Fet>refl«itt  him  to  a  {ieijuFed  person,  a  tnoe'^stfrter,  a  by|l6crH6 
whoM  godlkieas  was  giiift,-  aad  a  blasphemer  i  and ^  as  if  tfai#  w6#e  not  stffficietft,  ti^ 
bas  also  made  him  a  fop.  All  which  nteaiBts  tio  mo^  than  this :  That  whei^  Dr. 
Owen  eiit^ed  himself  a  Atenofbei'  of  the  niiVersity  of  Oxford,  he  was  of  the  esto- 
Uislicd  chsFcb^  aad  took  the  tsaal  oaths ;  that  he  tamed  Ifidepindent,  preaehed 
iDd  acted  as  other  IiidepeQde»ts  didy  tooik  the  oath  called  the  £ftgtf^iaenty  a«d 
accepted  of  preferment  from  Cromwell ;  that  he  was  a  matf  of  a  good  pef^tftt  a6d 
bekafioor,  and  liked  to  go  well  dressedt-^We  nrast  be  el4remely  cdatiofl^  htl¥f  we 
form  otfr  jad^eM  of  characters  af  this  period :  the  difference  of  a  few  modes  et 
certmories  in  leligieas  worship,  has  been  the  source  «f  iafiirite  pVejediee  and  itAi' 
representation.  The  practice  of  some  of  the  splenetic  writers  of  thnl  period  feminds 
me  of  the  painter  well  known  by  the  appellation  of  Hellish  Brueghel,  who  had  so 
accastomed  himself  to  painting  of  witches,  imps,  and  devils,  that  he  sometimes 
mdt  biTt  little  differeitee  bei#ilt  hiiT  hutU&n  arid  iiifernaLl  figures.  I  do  not  mean, 
hf  this  reAiatk,  id  teAeti  parfi6uhrfly  6ii  Mr.  Wood,  wh^  with  hts  def^cis  iiad  very 
great  merit 

VOL.  V.  I 


68  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Christ,  but  he  must  inyent  a  jargon  of  his  own.*  Dr.  Willia] 
Clagget,  in  his  "  Discourse  concerning  the  Operation  of  the  Ho] 
Spirit,''  wrote  a  confutation  of  part  of  Dr.  Owen's  book  on  tit 
subject.  There  is  an  excellent  abridgment  of  the  former^  wi' 
considerable  improvements,  by  Henry  Stebbing,  M.  A.  17 19,  8y 

THOMAS  GOODWIN,  S.  T.  P.  &c.  R.  White  s 
a  double  cap  on  his  head. 

Another  by  White,  in  8vo.  copied  from  the  former. 

Thomas  Goodwin  was  one  of  the  assembly  of  divines  that  sat 
Westminster,  and  president  of  Magdalen  College,  in  Oxford.  tA 
Wood  styles  him  and  Dr.  Owen  ''  the  two  Atlasses  and  Patriarc 
of  Independency."  He  was  a  man  of  great  reading,  but  by  i 
means  equal  to  Dr.  Owen,  and  was  much  farther  gone  in  fan 
•  ticism.  The  authors  of  his  character  prefixed  to  his  works  infoi 
us,  that  "  he  was  much  addicted  to  retirement  and  deep  contei 
plation,t  had  been  much  exercised  in  the  controversies  agitated 
the  age  in  which  he  lived,  and  had  a  deep  insight  into  the  grace 
Gk>d,  and  the  covenant  of  grace.*'  He  attended  Cromwell,  his  friei 
and  patron,  upon  his  death-bed,  and  was  very  confident  that 

*  Dr.  South,  who  knew  hun  well,  has  mentioned  sevoal  of  his  cant  words,  in 
fbnrth  volume,  p.  49.    See  also  vol.  v,  p.  48.  334. 

f  He  was.  doubtless  the  Independent  mimster  and  head  of  a  college,  mentioned 
No.  494  of  the  "  Spectator;''  where  a  young  man,^  who  went  to  be  entered  at 
college,  is  said  to  have  been  conducted  "  with  great  silence  and  seriousness  t 
long  gallery,  which  was  darkened  at  noon-day,  and  had  only  a  nngle  candle  bu 
ing  in  it.    After  a  short  stay  in  this  melancholy  apartment,  he  was  led  int 
chamber  hung  with  black ',  where  he  entertained  himself  for  some  time,  by 
glimmering  of  a  taper  ;  till  at  length  the  head  of  the  college  came  out  to  him  ft 
an  inner  room,  with  half  a  dozen  nightcaps  upon  his  head,  and  religious  horror  in 
countenance.    The  young  man  trembled ;  but  his  fears  increased;  when  instead 
being  asked  what  progress  he  had  made  in  learning,  he  was  examined  how 
abounded  in  grace,"  &c.  &e. 

The  long  gallery,  mentioned  in  this  note,  was  taken  down  in  1770,  for  the  i 
proTement  of  the  president's  lodgings.  In  the  **  Oxford  Almanack"  for  1730,  is 
onlside  view  of  it.  It  is  known  by  the  two  doors  in  front,  a  window  with  tX 
lights,- toad  as  many  brackets  underneath. 


*  Tbe  young  man  was  the  famous  Thomat,  or,  more  fsmiliarly  called,  Tom  Br 
hwry,  the  supposed  author  of  the  ballad  "  Of  Bray  the  Vicar  I  have  been."— ^Lo 
Hailbs. 


OF    ENGLAND.  69 

aid  not  die,  from  a  supposed  revelation  communicated  to  him 
a  prayer,  but  a  few  minutes  before  his  death.  When  he  found 
iself  mistaken,  he  exclaimed,  in  a  subsequent  address  to  God, 
rhou  hast  deceived  us,  and  we  were  deceived.*  Ob,  23  Feb. 
79,  JEt.  80.  His  writings  consist  of  expositions,  sermons, 
!.  which  have  been  much  read.  His  portrait,  which  very  nearly 
embles  him,  is  prefixed  to  his  works,  piinted  in  1681,  in  two 
umes  folio. 

THOMAS  MANTON,  D.  D.  R.  White  sc.  Before 
P  Sermons,  1678  ;  Ato. 

Thomas  Manton,  &c.  R.  W.  f,  copied  from  the 
^e;  8vo. 

Thomas  Manton,  &c.  R.  White  sc.  Before  his 
rks ;  foL 

Je  is  represented  very  plump,  or  rather  fat. 
[liomas  Manton,  rector  of  Covent-garden,  was  one  of  the 
atest  divines  among  the  Presbyterians.  His  industry  and 
ning,  his  talent  as  a  preacher,  his  moderation,  his  activity  and 
iress  in  the  management  of  their  public  affairs,  in  all  which  he 
I  a  leading  man,  are  mentioned  with  respect,  by  several  writers. 
was  one  of  the  commissioners  at  the  Savoy  conference,  and  was 
y  desirous  of  a  comprehension.  Lord  Clarendon  intimated^  to 
cter,  that  he  should  not  have  despaired  of  bringing  that  affair  to 
ippy  issue,  if  he  had  been  as  fat  as  Manton.f  Archbishop  Usher 
d  to  call  him  a  voluminous  preacher  ;X  and  he  was  no  less  volu- 
lous  as  an  author.  He  composed  190  sermons  on  the  119th 
ilm,  which  are  printed  in  one  volume  folio.  He  was  also  author 
seyeral  other  pieces  specified  by  Dr.  Calamy.     Ob.  18th  Oct. 

n. 

TiUotoon's  "  life/'  p.  19,  &c.  second  edit. 

He  seems  to  have  had  that  well  known  passage  of  Shakspeare  in  his  mind, 

re  Jolios  Cssar,  speaking  of  Cassias,  sajs, 

"  Let  me  have  men  about  me  that  are  fat,*'  &c. 

Fhe.  following  passage  is  in  a  letter  of  Lord  Bolingbroke  to  Dr.  Swift :  "  My 
shall  be  as  long  as  one  of  Dr.  Manton's  (sermons)  who  taught  my  youth  to 
I,  and  prepared  me  to  be  a  high  churchman,  that  I  might  never  hear  him  read, 
ead  him  more." — Letters  of  Swift,  &c.  publuhed  1766,  vol.  ii.  p.  112. 


60  BIOGRAPHIOAL   HI8TORY 

GULIELMUS  BATESIUS,  S.  S.  T.  P.  Faithot 
delin.  et  sc.    Before  his  "  Harmoni/  of  divine  Att 

GuwELMus  Bat^sxus,  &;c.  ^t.  57, 1682,  R>  Wh 
sc.  \^mo. 

GuLiELMUs  Batesius,  &c.    JSf.  65,  iVbi;.  16J 
G.  Kneller  p.  R.  Whit^  sc.  \%mo. 

GuLiELMUs  Batesius,  &c.  JSf.  74.    G.  Kneller 
H.  White  sc.    Prefia^ed  to  his  worksyfoh  1700. 

GuLiELMUs  Batesius,  &c.  JEif.  62;  prefixed  to 
Sermons.    Sturt  sc. 

Gulielmus  Batesius,  &c.    G.  Vertue. 

GuLiELMus  Batesius.  Kneller  pinx.   Caldwai 
Xtith^  ^'Nonconformists'  Memorial;''  Qvo, 

Dr.  William  Bates,  minister  of  St.  Dunstan's  in  the  West,  v 
former  part  of  this  reign,*  was  a  man  of  a  good  and  amiable 
racter ;  much  a  scholar,  much  a  gentleman,  and  no  less  a  Chri 
His  moderation  and  sweetness  of  temper,  were  known  to  al 
conversed  with  him ;  among  whom  were  eminent  and  pious  n 
various  persuasions.  Dr.  Tillotson's  friendship  for  him  began  i 
and  as  his  merit  was  invariably  the  same,  it  continued,  without 
ruption,  to  the  end  of  that  prelate's  life.     His  abilities  quaHfie 
for  the  highest  dignities  in  the  church :  and  it  is  certain  that 
offers  were  made  him ;  but  he  could  never  be  prevailed  with  t 
form.    All  his  works  except  his  ''  Select  Lives  of  illustriou 
pious  Persons,"t  to  which  his  own  life  would  be  ^  proper  s 
ment,  were  publi^ed  in  one  volume  folio.  Hq  18  esteemed  th.e,  { 
writer  of  his  age,  among  the  Presbytejiansu     0^^  1699^ 

*  Near  9000  persons,  ampng  whom  was  Dr.  Batee,  wort  sUoDOed  asd  < 
for  nonooiiibriiilfy-,  afto^the  rostoratioD. 

t  Entilled,  "  Vitar  selfotss  atk}uot  VSvorara/'  &o.  It  is  little  noie  thaa 
tion  publisked  by  biii>. 


OF    ENGLAND.  61 

ANTON.  TUCKNEY,  D.  D.  R.  Wiite  sc. 

Aothony  Tuckney  was  one  of  the  assembly  of  divines^  and  suc- 
cessively master  of  Emmanuel  and  St,  John's  College*  in  Cam- 
bridge ;  regius  professor  of  divinity,  and  vice-chancellor  of  that 
university.     After  the  restoration,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the 
commissioners  at  the  conference  held  at  the  Savoy.     He  was  suc- 
ceeded in  the  mastership  of  Emmanuel  College  by  Dr.  William 
PilUngham/  in  1653 ;  and  was,  in  1661,  succeeded  in  the  master- 
ship of  St.  John's,  and  the  divinity  chair,  by  Dr.  Peter  Gunning. 
He  was  a  man  of  great  learning,  and  no  less  modesty ;  but  is  said 
to  have  shewn  more  courage  in  maintaining  the  rights  and  privileges 
of  the  university,  in  the  lawless  time  in  which  he  lived,  than  any  of 
the  heads  of  houses  at  Cambridge.    He,  with  great  prudence  and 
ability^  presided  over  his  college,  which  never  flourished  more  than 
under  his  government.    He  died  in  1669-70,  in  the  71st  year  of  his 
age.     His  ^*  Sermons,"  before  which  is  his  portrait,  were  published 
after  his  death,  in  4to.  1676.    His  '^  Preelectiones  Theologicee,'* 
were  also  published  in  4to.  1679. 


JOHANNES  COLUNGS,  S-  T.  P.  &c,  R.  White 

Johannes  Collings,  Sec.  1678,  ML  63;  4to. 
mezx. 

Dr.  John  Collings,  who  was  one  of  the  commissioners  at  the 
Savoy  conference  in  this  reign,  was  educated  at  Emmanuel  College, 
in  Cambridge;  and  was  forty-four  years  a  minister  at  Norwich. 
He  was  a  man  of  various  learning,  but  particularly  excelled  as  a 
textuary  and  critic.  He  was  generally  esteemed  for  his  great  in- 
dustry^ humanity,  and  exemplary  life.  He  was  author  of  many 
lennona  and  books  of  practical  divinity  and  controversy;  one  of 
the  moat  singular  of  which  is  his  "  Weaver's  Pocket-Book,  or 
Weaving  ipiritoalised  ;'*  8to.  1675.t     This  book  was  adapted  to 

*  An  iogeDioas  Latm  poet,  some  of  whose  compositions  are  in  the  first  volume  of 
the  new  editfon  of  the  "  Mosse  AnglfcansB.*' 

t  Mr.  Bojrle,  in  his  "  Occasional  Reflections  on  several  Subjects,**  published  hi 
1665,  seems  to  hare  led  the  way  to  spiritualizing  the  common  objects,  business, 
nd  oecoireDces  of  Hfe.  This  was  much  practised  by  Mr.  Flavel,  and  has  been 
lately  revived  by  Bir.  ^ames  Hervey. 


62  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

the  place  where  he  lived,  which  has  been  long  famous  for  the  ma 
nufacture  of  stuffs.  He  had  a  very  considerable  hand  in  the  An 
notations  on  the  Bible,  in  two  volumes  folio;  which  were  begu: 
-  and  carried  on  by  Mr.  Matthew  Poole,  and  which  go  under  his  name 
Ob.  1690,  ^t.  67. 

THOMAS  JACOMB,  D.  D.  In  the  same  plat 
with  the  heads  of  Jos.  Caryl,  Edmund  Calamy,  Dt 
Tho,  Manton,  Tho.  Case,  W^.  Je7ikin,  Ric.  Baxtei 
Dr.  W'^.  Bates,  Tho.  Watson,  Tho.  Lye,  and  Matth 
Mead.  The  print  is  an  engraved  title,  in  which  at 
these  words,  "  The  Farewell  Sermons  of  the  late  Londo 
Ministers,  preached  the  17  th  of  Aug.  1662;''*  8vo.  Tht 
was  a  little  before  the  act  of  uniformity  took  place. 

Thomas  Jacomb.  J.  Riley  del.  Caldwall  sc.  1 
the  ''  Nonconformists'  Memorial.'' 

Thomas  Jacomb  received  part  of  his  education  at  Magdalen  Hal 
in  Oxford,  whence  he  removed  to  Emmanuel,  and  at  length  to  Tr 
nity  College,  in  Cambridge.  About  the  year  1647,  he  was  preferrc 
to  the  rectory  of  St.  Martin's  near  Ludgate,  and  also  made  cha| 
lain  to  the  Countess  Dowager  of  Exeter.f  After  the  restoration,  1 
lived  in  Exeter  House  with  that  lady ;  where  he  frequently  preacl 
ed  when  other  ministers  were  silenced.  Mr.  Baxter  and  Dr.  Cj 
lamy  speak  of  him  as  a  man  of  great  gravity,  sobriety,  and  mod< 
ration,  and  a  good  preacher.  Dr.  Sherlock,  who  seems  to  ha^ 
received  some  provocation  from  him,  represents  him  as  *^  the  pre 
tiest,  nonsensical,  trifling  goosecap,  that  ever  set  pen  to  paper.' 

*  The  publication  of  these  sermons  gave  great  offence,  as  there  were  several  pi 
sages  in  them  which  were  thought  to  be  of  a  seditious  tendency.  Mr.  Baxter  ii 
forms  us,  that  the  booksellers  procured  copies  of  the  Farewell  Sermons  from  tl 
scribes  that  took  them  from  the  mouths  of  the  preachers,  and  that  several  of  tlie 
were^altered  and  mangled  at  the  discretion  of  the  editors. — "  life,"  part  iL  p.  30 

t  Daughter  to  John,  earl  of  Bridgewater.  Mr.  Baxter  styles  her  "  the  excellei 
sincere,  humble,  godly,  faithful  lady,  the  Countess  Dowager  of  Exeter." — **  life 
part  iii.  p.  95. 

X  This  inconsistency  of  characters  is  frequently  seen  in  the  writings  of  such  j 
flourished  about  this  period,  especially  when  the  authors  happe,n  to  disagree 
their  sentiments  of  religion. — Vide  "  Athen.  Oxon."  ii.  col.  80 1. 


Of    ENGLAND.  63 

He  died  m  the  house  of  his  patroness,  the  27th  of  March,  1687. 
His  library^  which  consisted  of  books  in  various  languages  and  fa- 
culdes^  sold  after  his  deat^  for  1300/.  He  published  a  considerable 
number  of  sermons. 


EDMUND  CALAMY,  B.  D.   R.  White  sc.  \2mo. 

Edmund  Calamy,  with  the  heads  of  Jos.  Carylj 
James  Janeway,  and  Ralph  Venning  ;  %vo. 

Edmund  Oalamy  was  minister  of  Aldermanbury,  whence  he  was 
ejected  in  1662.     See  an  account  of  him  in  the  preceding  reign. 

STEPHEN  CHARNOCK,  B.  D.  R.  White  sc. 
Before  his  two  volumes  of  ^^  Discourses  on  the  E^vistence^ 
Attributes,  and  Providence  of  God,''  <Spc.  1684 ;  folio. 

Stephen  Cmarnock.  J.  Riley  del.  J.  Caldwall  sc. 
In  the  "  Nonconformists'  Memorial." 

Stephen  Chamock  was  educated  at  Emmanuel  College,  in  Cam- 
bridge, where  he  was  some  time  under  the  tuition  of  Mr.  William 
Sancroft,  who  was,  in  this  reign,  advanced  to  the  see  of  Canterbury. 
In  1652^  he  was,  by  authority  of  the  parliament  visitors,  appointed 
fellow  of  New  College,  in  Oxford.     He  was  afterward  domestic 
diaplain  to  Henry  Cromwell,  when  he  was  lord-deputy  of  Ireland. 
Wliilst  he  continued  in  that  station,  he  was  a  constant  preacher  at 
one  of  the  churches  in  Dublin,  every  Sunday  in  the  afternoon. 
His  sermons,  which  he  delivered  without  notes,  were  attended  by 
aD  persons  of  distinction  in  that  city.     In  the  latter  part  of  his  life, 
when  he  exercised  his  ministry  in  London,  his  memory  and  his  eyes 
hjled  him ;  which  occasioned  his  reading  his  sermons  with  a  glass. 
The  two  volumes  of  his  Discourses,  though.not  written  with  a  view 
to  their  publication,  bear  a  sufficient  testimony  to  the  abilities  of 
the  author ;  whose  natural  parts  were  more  solid  than  shining ;  and 
were  improved  by  every  kind  of  learning  requisite  to  form  a  divine. 
Mr.  Johnson,  who  preached  the  sermon  at  his  funeral,  says,  *'  he 
never  knew  a  man,  in  all  his  life,  who  had  attained  near  to  that  skill 
tiiat  Mr.  Chamock  had,  in  the  originals  of  the  Old  and  New  Testa- 
nent,  except  Mr.  Thomas  Cawton.*'    Ob.  27  July,  1680,  JSt.  52. 


64  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

SAMUEL  CRADOCK,  B.  D.  some  time  fellc 
Emmanuel  College,  in  Cambridge.  R.  White  sc. 
fore  his  "  Knowledge  and  PractiCey'  S^c.  folio. 

Samuel  Cradock,  rector  of  North  Cadbury,  in  Somene 
was  elder  brother  to  Dr.  Zachary  Cradock,  preacher  at  Gray 
and  provost  of  Eton  College.  In  1662,  he  was,  for  nonconfc 
ejected  from  his  benefice,  worth  300/.  a  year.  He  wag  afU 
supported  by  the  generosity  of  Mr.  Walter  Cradock,  a  geni 
of  fortune,  to  whom  he  was  heir  at  law.  He,  in  this  reign, 
private  academy  for  which  hit  learning  perfectly  qualified  hii 
had  a  share  in  the  education  of  several  persont  of  worth  an 
nence.  I  never  saw  two  different  characters  of  Mr.  Cradock 
was  so  good  and  inoffensive  a  man,  that  every  body  spoke 
him,  when  it  was  usual  for  men  of  all  religions  to  speak  ill  c 
other*  Nothing  was  ever  objected  to  him  but  his  nonconfb 
and  if  that  were  a  crime,  it  was  entirely  the  crime  of  an  enn 
conscience,  without  the  least  perversity  of  his  will.  His  ^^  Apot 
History,"  his  "  History  of  the  Old  and  New  Testament,"  i 
*'  Harmony  of  the  Four  Evangelists,"  are  his  principal  works, 
have  particular  merit.*  The  last  was  revised  by  his  friend  E 
lotson,  who  preserved  it  from  the  fiames  in  the  fire  of  Londoi 
7  Oct.  1706,  M.  86. 


DAVID  CLARKSON,  minister  of  the  gospel,  ( 
M.  Beale  p.  R.  White  sc.  Before  his  "  Sermons^ 
1696. 

David  Clarkson,  when  he  was  fellow  of  Clare  Hall,  in  Cattti 
had  the  honour  of  instructing  Archbishop  Tilloti^n,  not  only 
the  greatest,  but  also  one  of  the  best  men  thin  krngdotti  en 
duced.  It  is  well  known  that  this  prelate  ever  mfaintained  a  i 
for  him,  not  merely  because  he  was  bis  tu^or,  but  because  he 
man  of  uncommon  learning  and  abiKties,  and  of  irrngular  m 
and  humility.  His  sermons  are  esteemed  Judidiottsf  ;^  they  ta^ 
ten  m  an  unaffecf^  style  and  good  method.  The  mtfit  m 
his  works  is  that  cntrtled,  '^  No  EvidettCef  df  Diocesaft  Epis< 

^Br.  Dodderidge  recdmrnends  the  fim  itnd  last  of  these  btfoks  tO  yotfngll 
Se#  hif  «'  FanrSf  £xpo8it<yr/'  yol  Hi.  p.  578. 


OF    ENGLAND.  66 

ia  the  primitive  Times ;"  1681 ;  4to,  in  answer  to  Dr.  StiUingfleet. 
This  book  shews  him  to  have  been  a  man  of  great  reading  in  church 
history. 

MATTELEUS  POLE  (vel.  Poole),  &c.  (M.A.) 
R.  White  sc*  h.  sh. 

This  learned  critic  and  casuist  finished,  in  ten  years,  a  work  that 
seemed  sufficient  to  employ  a  much  longer  life  than  his  own.  It  is 
entitled,  **  Synopsis  Criticorum  aliorumque  S.  Scripturse  Interpre- 
Ckmi,"  and  is  printed  in  five  large  volumes  in  folio.  It  contains  not 
mly  an  abridgment  of  the  nine  volumes  of  the  '*  Critici  Sacri,"  and 
rarions  other  expositors,*  but  also  extracts  and  abridgments  of  a 
^at  number  of  small  treatises  and  pamphlets,  which,  though  of  con- 
nderable  merit,  would  have  been  otherwise  neglected  or  lost.  The 
plan  of  it  was  judicious,t  and  the  execution  more  free  from  errors 
Ihan  seems  consistent  with  so  great  a  work,  finished  in  so  short  a 
imCf  by  one  man.^  Mr.  Poole  made  a  great  progress  in  the  Eng- 
S|{h  Annotations  on  the  Bible,  completed  after  his  decease  by  several 
ISvineSy  and  published  in  two  volumes  folio.  He  was  author  of 
lome  other  pieces  of  less  note.  His  name  was  among  those  who 
nrere  to  be  murdered  by  the  Papists,  according  to  the  deposition  of 
ritus  Oates.  In  1679,  he  retired  to  Amsterdam,  where  he  died 
ike  same  year,  not  without  suspicion  of  being  poisoned. 

JOHANNES  HOWE,  V.  D.  M.  (M.  A.)  White  sc. 
Svo. 

John  Howe.  G.  Kneller  p.  J.  Caldwall  sc.  In  the 
^  N(mc(mforjnists'  Meniorial" 

John  Howe.     Riley  del.  Trotter  sc. 

-  *  See  Tnpp's  Preface  to  Ms  "  Explanatory  Notes  on  the  Four  Gospels/'  p.  5. 
.   t  This  atppctkloiui  work  was  ondertakcn  bj  tbe  advice  of  the  very  learned  Bishop 
liojdy  as  appeajq  by  a  letter  of  that  prelate,  addressed  to  the  femoas  Mr,  Podwelh 
tnd  commanicated  to  me  by  bis  son,  Mr.  Dodweli,  archdeacon  of  Berks. 

t  This  book  Is  6f  late  much  sunk  in  its  price,  tboagh  intrinsically  as  good  as  ever. 
TWteaA  Is,  lAtin  commentaricls  on  the  Scriptures  are  little  regarded  ;  but  we  have 
^fi^nk  ones  aa  often  as  we  have  new  almanack*.    I  have  myself  known  about 
Iwei^  pul^Uad  mHOnn  these  Uet  twenty  years. 
VOL.  V.  K 


66  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Johannes  Howe,  M.  A.    J.  Pine  sc.  copied  frm  ^ 
White. 

John  Howe,  who  had  been  chaplain  to  Cromwell,  was  one  oftk 
most  learned  and  polite  writers  among  the  dissenters.     His  reading 
in  divinity  was  very  extensive':  he  was  a  good  orientalist,  and  ua* 
derstood  several  of  the  modern  languages.     His  sermons,  and  other 
practical  pieces,  which  are  numerous,  were,  for  the  most  part,  pub- 
lished in  this  reign.     His  '*  Blessedness  of  the  Righteous-'  was  the 
most  generally  esteemed  of  his  performances.    He  was  an  admiied 
preacher,  but  was  sometimes  too  profound  for  ordinary  capacities. 
TliSre  is  an  uncommon  depth  of  thought  in  several  of  his  wcAi, 
It  is  observable,  that  his  friend  Dr.  Tillotson  asserted,  in  a  seimoft 
preached  at  court  the  2d  of  April,  168Q,  that  '^  no  man,  without  an 
extraordinary  commission  from  heaven,  testified  by  working  mira- 
cles as  the  apostles  did,  ought  to  a£Pront  the  established  religionof 
a  nation,  though  it  befalscy  and  openly  to  draw  men  o£Pfrom  the  pro- 
fession of  it,  in  contempt  of  the  magistrate  and  the  law,''  &c.    Mr. 
Howe  did  not  only  write  him  a  long  letter  upon  this  erroneoas  doc- 
trine, but  expostulated  with  him  upon  it  in  a  friendly  manner :  upon 
which  Dr.  Tillotson  burst  into  tears,  and  frankly  acknowledged  that 
it  was  not  to  be  justified.     Ob,  2  April,  1705. 

JOSEPHUS  CARYL.   White  sc.  h.  sh.   Before  his 
Commentary  J  Sfc. 

Joseph  Caryl,  &c.  (M.  A.)    R.  White  sc.  Svo. 

Joseph  Caryl  with  Calamy  arid  others. 

Joseph  Caryl.   G.  Kneller  p.  J.  Caldwall  sc.  In 
the  *'  Nonconformists'  Memorial^' 

Joseph  Caryl,  a  moderate  Independent,  was  some  time  a  com' 
moner  at  Exeter  College,  in  Oxford.  He  was  one  of  the  iuraembly 
of  divines,  and  a  frequent  preacher  before  the  Long  Parliament  id 
the  reign  of  Charles  I.  He  was  several  times  appointed  to  attend 
upon  that  unhappy  prince,  particularly  when  he  was  a  prisoner  at 
Holdenby,  and  a  little  before  his  death ;  but  the  king  waved  all 
offers  of  his  service.  In  1660,  he  and  Dr.  Owen  were,  by  order 
of  parliament,  sent  to  attend  on  Cromwell  in  Scotland,  and  to 


OF    ENGLAND.  67 

»fficiate  as  ministers.  He  was  a  man  of  parts  and  learning,  and  of 
odefatigable  industry.  He  was  author  of  a  considerable  number  of 
lermons;  but  his  great  work  is  an  endless  '^  Commentary  on  Job/' 
b  two  volumes  folio,  which  consist  of  upwards  of  six  hundred 
sheets.*  It  is  also,  printed  in  twelve  volumes  4to.  Ob,  Feb. 
1672-3.t 

i 

THOMAS  DOOLITTLE,  (M.A.)  M.51.  R.White 
9C.  Before  his  "  Treatise  on  the  Lord's  Supper y'  1680; 
Vimo. 

'  John  Dunton,  who  printed  the  book,  informs  us  that  Robert 
White,  who  was  successful  in  likenesses,  got  much  reputation  by 
is  head.     Dunton's  "  Life,"  p.  346. 


Thomas  Doolittle;  anonymous;  six  English 
verses,  "  Dust  drawn  to  the  life,  yet  dull  and  shortly 
dead;'  ^c. 

Thomas  Doolittle.  R.  White  sc.  J.  Sturt;  l2mo. 

Thomas  Doolittle,  in  a  wig.  J.  Caldwall  sc.  In 
the "  Nonconformists'  Memorial.'' 

Thomas    Doolittle.     Cross  sc.     Four  English 

verses. 

Thomas  Doolittle,  holding  a  book;  I2ma. 

*  It  is  indiscreet  in  an  author  to  be  voluminous,  as  the  generality  even  of  scholars 
ve  too  lazy  even  to  read  books  of  an  enormous  length.  Indeed  the  age  of  Charles 
n.  or  rather  the  seventeenth  century,  was  the  age  of  dull  rhapsodies  and  folios.  I 
•peak  not  this  in  disparagement  of  Mr.  Caryl's  performance :  but  a  commentary  on 
the  "  Uiad/'  in  twenty-four  volumes  in  folio,  which  bears  much  the  same  proportion 
toUus  on  the  Hebrew  poet,  mast  needs  be  heavy  and  rhapsodical,  though  written  by 
l^ng^Qt  himself.  One  just  remark  has  been  made  on  its  utility,  that  it  is  a  very 
'*>ffident  exercise  for  the  virtue  of  patience,  which  it  was  chiefly  intended  to  incul- 
cite  tnd  improve. 

t  Ag^t-grandson  of  this  Mr.  Caryl  was  lately  a  mercer  in  the  Strand,  but  is 
^"^  retired  from  business,  and  has  an  estate  in  Hertfordshire.  Dr.  Lyndford  Caryl, 
nsster  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  and  prebendary  of  Canterbury,  Lincoln,  and 

°^tlmelly  is  his  great  nephew. 


68  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Thomas  Doolittle,  a  native  of  Kidderminster,  in  WofoesterAi^ 
was  minister  of  St.  Alpha^,  in  London,  before  the  ejcctML 
Mr.  Baxter,  who  thought  him  a  promising  yonth*  sent  bim  to  hst 
broke  Hall,  in  Cambridge;  where  he  made  snch  a  profieiencj ii 
learning,  as  fully  answered  his  expectation.  He  kept  a  priiSll 
academy  in  Monkwell- street,  Cripplegate,  where  he  contimiedto 
preach,  and  trained  up  several  ministers  of  considerable  note. 
He  had  the  character  of  a  serious  and  afiectionate  preacher,  ibI 
was  very  assiduous  in  catechising.  He  published  books  of  pnctiGd 
divinity  to  almost  the  time  of  his  death,  which  was  on  the  24tii  of  . 
May,  1707.*  In  the  '*  History  of  Europe,"  for  that  year,  be  ■ 
said  to  have  built  the  first  meeting-house  in  London,  and  to  hm 
been  the  '^  last  that  survived  of  the  ministers  ejected  by  the  act  of 
uniformity."  His  '^  Treatise  on  the  Sacrament"  has,  perhaps,  beet 
oftener  printed  than  any  other  book  on  that  subject ;  and  his  '^  Call 
to  delaying  Sinners"  has  gone  through  many  editions.  HevM 
father  of  Samuel  DooUttle,  some  time  a  minister  at  Readingiii 
Berkshire. 


THOMAS  GOUGE,  (M.  A.)  Rilej/ p.  KWhiUic. 
Before  his  "  Funeral  Sermon^''  1682 ;  \2!mo. 

Thomas  Gouge.    Van  Hove  sc. 

Thomas  Gouge.    Vander  Gucht;  Qvo. 

Thomas  Gouge.    J.  Riky  p.    Collyer  sq.  In  the 
"  Nonconformists'  Memorial.' 


>? 


Thomas  Gouge,  minister  of  St.  Sepulchre's,  in  London,  fromtte 
year  1638,  to  1662,  was  son  of  Dr.  William  Gouge,  of  Blackfritfi* 
He  was,  throughout  his  life,  a  person  of  exemplary  piety;  and  wi>i 
especially  in  the  latter  part  of  it,  such  an  example  of  charity,  V 
none  but  men  of  fortune,  and  of  enlarged  and  benevolent  minds 
like  his  own,  could  imitate.  He  caused  many  thousand  copies  (f 
the  '*  Bible,"  "  Church  Catechism,''  «  Practice  of  Piety,"  woi 
*'  Whole  Duty  of  Man,"  to  be  printed  in  the  Welsh  language,  and 
dispersed  over  Wales ;  where  he  set  up  three  or  four  hundred 

*  See  Calaiiij^»  vol.  iii.  p.  76. 


OF    ENGLAND*  69 

sdioolf.^  He  constaiitly  travelled  over  that  country  once  or  twice 
t  year;  where  he  inspected  every  thing  relating  to  the  schools  him- 
self, and  instructed  the  people  both  in  public  and  private.  He  was 
author  of  several  practical  books,  which  he  usually  distributed  gratis 
wherever  he  went.  He  was  a  stranger  to  the  narrow  bigotry  of 
sects,  and. loved  good  men  of  every  denomination.  He  was  con- 
stantly cheerful,  and  scarce  ever  knew  what  sickness  was.  He  died 
in  his  sleep,  with  a  single  groan,t  in  the  year  1681,  and  the  77th 
of  his  age.  His  funeral  sermon  was  preached  by  Dr.  Tillotson, 
who  speaks  thus  of  him :  *'  There  have  not,  since  the  primitive 
times  of  Christianity,  been  many  among  the  sons  of  men,  to  whom 
the  glorious  character  of  the  Son  of  God  might  be  better  applied, 
that  He  went  about  doing  good" 

WILLIAM  JENKIN,  (M.  A.) ;  a  small  head,  in  a 
plate  with  several  others: — See  Jacomb. 

William  Jenkin.  Gibson  p.  Burder  so.  In  the 
"  Nonconfof^mists'  Memorial.'' 

William  Jenkin,  who  was  by  his  mother,  descended  from  John 
Rogers,  the  proto-martyr  in  the  reign  of  Mary,  received  his  edu- 
cation at  St.  John's  College,  in  Cambridge.  About  the  year  1641, 
lie  was  chosen  minister  of  Christ  Church,  in  London,  and  soon  after 
lecturer  at  St.  Anne's,  Blackfriars*  When  the  Independent  fac- 
tion prevailed,  he  was«8uspended  from  his  ministry  and  deprived  of 
kis  benefice  for  refusing  to  observe  the  public  thanksgivings  en^- 
jomed  by  the  parliament.  He  afterward  embarked  in  a  design 
for  restoring  the  king,  for  which  his  friend  Mr.  Love  was  be- 
l^ded :  but  on  presenting  a  petition  to  the  parliament  they  voted 
ium  a  pardon.  Upon  the  death  of  Dr.  Gouge,  he  was  chosen  mi- 
Mister  of  Blackfriars,  which  he  afterward  quitted  for  the  benefice  from 
which  he  had  been  ejected.  He,  for  several  years,  preached  upon 
&te  names  given  to  Christ  in  Scripture,  and  a  course  of  sermons 
upon  the  Epistle  of  Jude,  which  he  published.  Mr.  Baxter  styles 
him  a  sententious  and  elegant  preacher.  He  continued  to  preach  in 
private  after  the  act  of  uniformity  took  place ;  and  even  in,  and 

*  He  was  assisted  by  bis  friends  in  these  charitable  works, 
t  Ererj  one  of  bis  friends  were  ready  to  cry  oni  on  this  occasion. 
Sic  niihi  coatingat  Tiyere,  sicque  morll 


70  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTX>RY 

after  the  year  1682,  when  the  nonconformists  were  more  obnoxioi 
to  the  laws  than  ever,  he  went  from  place  to  place,  and  preache 
where  he  thought  he  could  do  it  with  most  secrecy.*  He  was  i 
length  surprised  by  a  party  of  soldiers,  and  sent  to  Newgate ;  whe 
he  died  the  19th  of  Jan.  1684-5.  **  He  was  buried  by  his  frieiw 
with  great  honour ;  many  eminent  persons,  and  some,  scores 
mourning  coaches  attending  his  funeral."t 

THOMAS  CASE,  (M.  A.);  a  small  head,  with' 4 
veral  other s.^ — See  J  a  comb. 

Thomas  Case,  who  was  educated  at  Christ  Church,  in  Oxfo: 
was  one  of  the  assembly  of  divines  in  the  late  reign,  and  a  frequ< 
preacher  before  the.  parliament.     He  distinguished  himself  by 
zeal  for  the  Covenant,];  to  which  he,  with  his  usual  constancy,  \ 

*  As  the  laws,  in  this  reign,  were  very  severe  against  all  religions  assemblies  wl 
were  not  of  the  established  church,  the  nonconformists   sometimes  met  in  1 
obscure  places  in  the  country.     There  is  a  tradition,  that  a  congregation  of  ] 
testant  dissenters  were  assembled  in  a  barn,  which  frequently  harboured  beg 
and  other  vagrants ;  and  that  the  preacher,  for  want  of  a  ladder  or  a  tub,  was 
pended  in  a  sack  affixed  to  a  beam.     He  preached  that  day  upon  the  lastji 
jnent,  and,  towards  the  close  of  his  sermon,  entered  up6n  a  description  of  the  te 
of  that  tribunal.    He  had  no  sooner  mentioned  the  "  sounding  of  the  trumpet," 
a  strolling  mimic-trumpeter  who  lay  concealed  in  the  straw,  began  to  exert  hini 
The  congregation,  struck  with  the  utmost  consternation,  fled  in  an  instant  from 
place ;  and  left  the  a£frighted  preacher  to  shift  for  himself.    The  effects  of  his  € 
are  said  to  have  appeared  at  the  bottom  of  the  sack;  and  to  have  occasioned- 
.opprobrious  appellation  by  which  the  nonconformists  were  vulgarly  distiDgiUa 
This  idle  story,  which  was  communicated  by  a  dissenting  minister,  was  pro{>i|| 
throughout  the  kingdom,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II. 

t  Calaihy. 

X  I  cannot  help. observing,  that  there  is  something  so  sanguinary  in  one,' at! 
of  his  sermons,  that,  like  that  of  Josias  How,$  of  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  it  d 
have  been  printed  in  red  letters.  -  In  the  sermon  preached  before  the  coart  nv 
1644,  he  says,  "Noble  sirs,  imitate  God,  and  be  merciful  to  none  that  havctsi 
of  malicious  wickedness;"   meaning  tiie   royalists,  who  were  frequently  % 


maliznants, 

O 


$  He  was  a  native  of  Grendon  Underwood,  Bucks.  The  sermon,  of  which 
thirty  copies  were  taken,  was  thus  printed  by  command  of  Charles  I.  The  1 
H  sud  to  have  made  a  whimsical  vow,  that  if  he  ever  printed  any  thing,  it  shoi 
in  red  letters.  See  Wood's  *^  Fasti,'*  ii.  56,  and  Heame's  "Glossary  to  Rob 
Gloucester,"  p.  669.  He  died  in  1701,  aged  90.  His  sermon  is  mentioned  b 
a  very  singular  curiosity..    Wood  had  neyer  seen  it;  but  Heame  had  a  copy. 


OF    ENGLAND.  71 

sred.  He  was  jome  time  minister  of  St.  Mary  Magdaleh's,  in 
KUci-street ;  but  was  ejected  thence  for  refusing  the  Engagement ; 
&d  became  afterward  rector  of  St.  Giles's  in  the  Fields.  He  was 
Qprisoned  for  six  months  in  the  Tower,  together  with  Mr.  Jenkin, 
hr.  Drake,  and  Mr.  Watson,  for  conspiring  against  the  Independent 
oremment :  this  was  commonly  called  Love's  plot.  They  appear 
>  have  been  equally  engaged  in  a  design  to  restore  the  king ;  but 
Qy  except  Love,  were  pardoned  upon  their  submission.  He  first 
Bgan  the  morning  exercise,  or  lecture,  which  was  long  continued 
t  Cripplegate,  and  other  parts  of  the  city.  He  died  the  30th  of 
[ay,  1682,  in  the  84th  year  of  his  age,  after  having  survived  every 
He  of  the  dissenters  that  sat  in  the  assembly  of  divines.  His 
orks  are  chiefly  sermons.  Mr.  Baxter  styles  him  ^'  an  old,  faith- 
d  servant  of  God.'' 


SIMEON  ASHE ;  a  small  head,  with  a  scull.  It  is 
I  the  same  plate  with  that  of  Jacomb,  Sgc. 

Simeon  Ashe,  who  was  educated  at  Emmanuel  College,  in  Cam- 
idge,  under  Dr.  Stooker,  was  intimate  with  Hildersham,  Dod, 
all,  Langley,  and  other  nonconformists  eminent  in  their  day.  .  He 
cercised  his  ministry  in  London  for  about  three-and-twenty  years. 
jtthe  time  of  the  civil  war,  he  was  chaplain  to  the  Earl  of  War- 
ick.  As  he  was  a  man  of  fortune  and  character,  his  influence 
as  great  among  the  Presbyterians.  He  had  no  inconsiderable 
ind  in  the  restoration  of  Charles  the  Second.  Dr.  Calamy  speaks 
Thim  as  a  man  of  sanctity,  benevolence,  and  hospitality.  ''  He 
as,"  says  that  author,  ^'  a  Christian  of  primitive  simplicity,  and  a 
onconformist  of  the  old  stamp."  How  far  the  narrow  bigotry  of 
sect,  and  acrimony  of  railing,  may  accord  with  ''  primitive  sim- 
(idty,"  I  leave  the  reader  to  judge.  I  am  very  certain  that  he 
roves  himself  to  be  a  nonconformist  of  the  old  stamp  by  bitter  invec- 
res '  against  the  conforming  clergy,  whom  he  calls  ^^  bUnd  seers, 
Je  drones,  misguiding '  guides,  and  scandalous  ministers,  who 
lacked  'down  more  with  their  foul  hands  than  they  built  up  with 
ueir  fair  tongues."*  06.  1662.  He  published  Ball's  wor^s,  and 
fveral  sermons  of  his  own  composition.  The  reader  is  referred  to 
^alker  and  Calamy  for  the  particulars  of  his  character. 

*  Sermon  before  the  Commons,  1643. 


72  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

THOMAS  LYE,  (M.  A.) ;  a  mall  head,  with  i 
veral  others.  See  Jacomb.  Mr.  Wood  says  this  hc< 
is  very  like  him. 

Thomas  Lye,  who  was  some  time  a  servitor  at  Wadham  CoUe] 
m  Oxford,  was,  in  the  time  of  the  interregnum,  made  ministei 
Chard,  in  Somersetshire ;  whence  he  was  ejected  for  refufii^ 
swear  contrary  to  the  Covenant.     In  1658,  he  became  pastoi 
All-hallows  church,  in  Lombard -street,  London ;  and  was,  the  n 
year,  made  one  of  the  approvers  of  ministers,  as  he  had  been 
fore  in  Somersetshire.     He  was  famous  for  catechising  childi 
and  writing  books  for  their  instruction.     His  manner  of  instruct 
was  so  engaging,  that  the  children  came  with  eagerness  to  be 
techised  by  him.     His  "  Explanation  of  the  shorter  Catecbif 
and  his  "  Child's  Delight,"  have  been  often  printed.     Mr.  W< 
in  his  account  of  his  sermons,  says  he  has  one  in  '^  The  Mon 
Exercise  at  St.  Giles's  in  the  Fields,  near  London,  in  May,  16 
.  Lond.  1676,  4to.     In  which  "  Morning  Exercise,"  one  John  T\ 
son*  hath  also  a  sermon.     Oh.  7  July,  1684. 

THOMAS  WATSON,  &c.  (M.  A.)   J.  Sturt  sc 

Thomas  Watson.     V.  Hove;  prefixed  to  his  ^ 
of  Contentment j'' 1662 ;  8vo. 

Thomas  Watson,  who  was  educated  at  Emmanuel  Colleg 
Cambridge,  was  minister  of  St*  Stephen's  Walbrook,  in  Loi 
where  he  was  much  admired  as  a  preacher;  and  his  powie 
praying  extempore,  are  said  to  have  been  very  extraordinary. 
Calamy  tells  us,  that  Bishop  Richardson,  before  the  Bartholi 
act  took  place,  went  to  hear  him  on  a  lecture  day,  and  was 
taken  with  his  sermon,  but  more  with  his  prayer  aflter ;  that  li 
lowed  him  home  to  thank  him,  and  beg  a  copy  of  the  prayer 
fimt  the  prelate  was  surprised,  when  he  told  him  it  was  not  p 
ditated.    His   '^  Art  of  Divine  Contentment''  has  been  o 
printed  than  any  of  his  works.     After  his  death,  was  publish 

*  This  one  John  TilkUon  reiembles  much  the  one  Walpole  of  Dr.  Swift*  in  ] 
Four  Years  of  Qaeen  Anne.  But  Swift  improves  upon  it  by  bis  Apology  foi 
made  mention  of  a  person  so  obscure.  Bishop  Burnet  was  censored  for  baTi* 
one  Prior. 


OF   ENGLAND.  73 

i  Body  of  Divinity,  or  Coarse  of  Sermons,"  1692,  folio,  to  which 
iH  portrait  is  prefixed.* 

~  SAMUEL  CLARKE,  (Sen'.)  M.  50,  1649;  in 
^hair  ;  four  English  verses;  prefixed  to  his  "  Lives  of 
tie  Fathers y"  S^c.  1650 ;  4to.    T.  Cross  sc. 

,  Samuel  Clarke.    R.  Gaywoodf.  4to. 

;  Samuel  Clarke.    R.  White  sc.  h,  sh. 

Samuel  Clarke,  JEt.  75,  Oct.  10,  1674.    Bin- 
mnan  sc.   Before  his  "  Looking-glass  for  Persecutors.'' 

Samuel  Clarke,  &c.    W.  Tringham  sc.  h.  sh. 

» 

Samuel  Clarke.    J.  Dunstall  sc.  half  sheet. 
Samuel  Clarke,  Mt.  50, 1649 ;  in  a  cap.  Cross  sc. 

Samuel  Clarke,  JEt.  65,  1664;  larger ;  prefiwed 
to  his  "  Martyrology  /'  Ato.    T.  Cross  sc. 

Samuel  Clarke  ;  4to.   Dahlpinv.  (Spilsbujy.) 

Samuel  Clarke,  a  preacher  and  writer  of  considerable  note,  was, 
daring  the  interregnum,  and  at  the  time  of  the  ejection,  minister  of 
8t  Bennet  Fink,  in  London.  In  November,  1660,  he,  in  the  name 
d  the  Presbyterian  ministers,  presented  an  address  of  thanks  to 
fte  king,  for  his  declaration  for  liberty  of  conscience.  He  was  one 
of  the  commissioners  at  the  Savoy,  and  behaved  on  that  occasioa 
iridi  great  decency  and  moderation.  ^*  He  sometimes  attended 
die  church  as  a  hearer  and  a  communicaut."t  He  was  much 
ttteemed  by  all  that  knew  him,  for  his  great  probity  and  industry. 
He  died  the  25th  of  Dec.  1682.  His  works  were  much  in  vogue 
Mong  ordinary  readers.    The  author  and  his  bookseller  seem  ta. 

*  Br.  Doddridge,  in  his  **  Life  of  Col.  Gardiner/'  p.  31,  edit  1747,  mentions  a 
M,  mitten  by  Watson,  unth  this  or  the  like  title :  '<  The  Christian  Soldier,,  or 
y  Bmich  taken  bj  Stonn/'  which  was  the  book  in  which  the  colonel  had  been  read. 
).'  ^jvt  before  bu  manrellous  con? ersion. 

tCilamj. 


74:  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

have  been  thoroughly  informed  of  this  secret,  "  That  a  taking  tih 
page  becomes  much  more  taking,  with  an  engraved  frontispiece  t 
fore  it;  and  that  little  pictures,  in  the  body  of  the  book,  are  gr< 
embellishments  to  style  and  matter/'  Mr.  Clarke  was  more  a  coi 
piler  than  an  author.  His  name  was  anagrammatized  to  Su  (c)i 
Cream,  alluding  to  his  taking  the  best  parts  of  those  books  fn 
which  he  made  his  collections.  The  most  valuable  of  his  niimer< 
works  are  his  "  Lives  of  the  Puritan  Divines,  and  other  Persons 
Note ;"  in  which  are  some  things  not  to  be  found  in  other  memdj 
Twenty-two  of  these  lives  are  printed  with  his  "  Martyrolog 
The  rest  are  in  his  "  Lives  of  sundry  eminent  Persons  in  this  lal 
Age,"  1683,  folio  ;*  and  in  his  "  Marrow  of  Ecclesiastical  Histoi 
folio  and  4to. 

SAMUEL  CLARKE,  M-  A.  natus  Nov.  12,  Iffi 
R.  White  ad  vivum  sc.  h.  sh. 

This  person  was  the  son  of  the  former,  and  much  superior 
him  in  parts  and  learning.     He  was  fellow  of  Pembroke  Hall, 
Cambridge,  but  was  ejected  from  his  fellowship  for  refusing  to  t 
the  Engagement.   He  was  also  ejected  "afterward,  from  his  rector 
Grendon,  in  Buckinghamshire,  He  applied  himself  early  to]|the  st 
of  the  Scriptures ;  and  the  books  which  he  published,  as  help 
others  in  the  same  course  of  study,  are  so  maiiy  proofs  of  his 
dustry  and  abilities.     His  "  Annotations  on  the  Bible,V  printed 
gelher  with  the  sacred  text,  was  the  great  work  of  his  life, 
commended  in  very  high  terms  by  Dr.  Owen  and  Mr.  Baxter,  \ 
mborious  and  judicious  performance ;  and  in  still  higher,  by 
Calamy,  who  says,  that  it  **  bears  the  lively  signatures  oi 
^Xact  learning,  singular  piety,  and  indefatigable  industry;  and 
been  valued  by  good  judges,  of  different  sentiments  and  per 
sions,  considering  the  brevity  of  the  parts,  and  entireness  of 
whole,  as  the  best  single  book  upon  the  Bible  in  the  world." 
Kds  biBcn  ah  excellent  fund  for  some  modern  commentators, 
hatve  republished  a  great  part  of  it,  with  very  little  alteration .» 
ftiing  is'  more  common  at  present,  than  to  buy  old  books  of  div 

at  three-pence  a  pound,  and  retail  them  to  the  public  at  tl 

«  .  ,         •       •     •      • 

*  In  the  preface  to  this  book»  in  which  are  several  portraits,  is  the' life  4 
author,  written  by  lihnself.  It  appears  by  this  account,  that  he  was'  the  most 
ful  and  Toluminons  compiler  of  his  age. 


OF   ENGLAND.  76 

hffUpence  a  sheet.  Ob.  Feb.  24,  1 700-1  >  JSt.  15.  He  has  been 
confounded  with  Samuel  Clarke,  a  celebrated  orientalist,  of  whom 
there  is  an  account,  in  <*  Athen.  Oxon."  II.  Col.  456. 

THOMAS  WADSWORTH,  M.  A.  R.  White  sc. 
"Before  his  "  Remains  T  1680 ;  small  8vo. 

Thomas  Wadsworth  received  his  education  at  Christ's  College, 

in  Cambridge,  where  he  was  under  the  care  of  Mr.  Owtram,  a  tutor 

of 'eminence.     He  was,  at  the  restoration,  minister  of  Newington 

Botts,  where  he  not  only  spent  his  time,  but  a  great  part  of  his 

fortune,  in  works  of  piety  and  charity.   He  distributed  Bibles  among 

the  poor,  and  constantly  visited  his  parishioners,  and  instructed 

tiiem  from  house  to  house.     He  was,  at  the  time  of  the  ejection, 

minister   of  St.   Laurence  Poultney,  in   London,  and  afterward 

preached  privately  at  Newington,   Theobald's,   and  "Southwark. 

He  received  nothing  for  his  labours,  but  was  content  to  spend  and 

h  spent  in  his  great  Master's  service.     His  "  Diary,"  printed  at  the 

end  of  his  "  Life,'*  contains  the  strongest  proofs  of  his  being  an 

excellent  Christian :  and  it  is  no  less  evident,  from  his  practical 

Works,  that  he  strove  to  make  others  as  good  Christians  as  himselE 

he  died  of  the  stone,  the  29th  of  Oct.  1676.     His  composure  imder 

the  tortures  of  his  distemper  was  such,  as  shewed  his  patience  to 

be,  at  least,  equal  to  the  rest  of  his  virtues.  - 

HENRICUS  NEWCOME,  M.  A.  Mancuniensis. 
R.  White  sc.  4to. 

Heqry  Newcome,  of  St.  John's  College,  in  Cambridge,  was  some 
|imp  rector  of  Gausiyorth,  in  Cheshire,  whence,  in  1656,  h^  re- 
moved to  Maihchester.  He  was  a  man  of  parts  and  learning,  of 
great  humanity  and  modesty,  and  admired  as  a  preacher  by  all 
that  ever  heard  him.  When  he  was  no  longer  permitted  to  preach, 
he  applied  himself  diligently  to  writing,  spid  published  discourses 
on  several  religious  subjects.  He  was  also  author  of  ^*  A  faithful 
•Narrative  of  the  Life  and  Death  of  that  holy  and  laborious  Preacher^ 
Mr.  John  Machin,  late  of  Astbury,  in  Cheshire;"  1671 ;  8vo.  In 
die  latter  part  of  his  life,  he  preached  at  a  chapel  on  the  south  side 
•f  the  town  of  Manchester,  ^hich  was  built  on  purpose  for  hmL 
Ob.  Sept.  1695,  JEt.  68. 


76  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

JAMES  JANEWAY,  (M.  A.)  four  verses,  *'  Tm 
'made  no  furrows"  Sgc.  12mo. 

James  Janeway.   Van  Hove  sc.  l2mo. 

» 

James  Janeway,  together  with  the  heads  of  Edr 
Calamyy  Ralph  Venning^  and  Jos.  Caryl.  Be/a 
*^  Saints'  Memorials,  S^c.  being  a  Collection  of  dive. 
Sentences,''  1674 ;  Svo. — All  these  persons  had  a  hai 
in  this  book. 

James  Janeway  was  the  son  of  a  clergyman  in  Hertfordshii 
and  the  third  of  five  brothers,  who  were  all  bred  to  the  minist 
In  1655,  he  became  a  student  of  Christ  Church,  in  Oxford,  a 
soon  after  the  restoration,  minister  of  Rotherhithe,  in  Surrey.  1 
was  a  young  man  of  great  industry  and  strictness  of  life,  and  ] 
preaching  is  said  to  have  been  attended  with  signal  effects  up 
many,  especially  in  the  time  of  the  plague,  when  he  entered  h 
the  deserted  pulpits,  and  preached  to  great  numbers :  he  also  ms 
it  his  business  to  visit  the  sick.  Mr.  Wood,  who  says  '*  he  ^ 
admired  for  a  forward  and  precious  young  man,  especially  by  th< 
of  the  female  sex,'^  has  omitted  this  circumstance  of  his  life«  1 
labours,  which  were  too  many  for  his  delicate  constitution,  are  « 
to  have  hastened  his  death,  which  happened  on  the  16th  of  Mar 
1673-4.  A  considerable  number  of  his  sermons  are  in  print, 
ali^o  published  the  Life  of  his  elder  brother,  John,  a  young  mail 
extraordinary  piety :  "  A  Token  for  Children,"  often  printed.  1 
"  Legacy  to  his  Friends,"  before  which  is  his  portrait,  conta 
twenty-seven  famous  instances  of  God's  providence^  in  and  ab 
sea-dangers  and  deliverances,  &c.  1674?;  8vo.  See  more  of  1 
in  his  funeral  sermon  by  Ryther,  before  which  is  his  print. 


RALPH  VENNING,  with  several  other  heads.    S 
the  above  article. 

Ralph  Venning,  &c.  (M.  A,)  who  died  the  10'* 

March,  1S73-4,  in  the  year  of  his  age,  63.    Hollar 
12mo. 


OF    ENGLAND.  77 

Halph  Venmng,  who  had  been  educated  at  Emmanuel  College, 
in  Cambridge,  was,  before  the  ejection,  lecturer  of  the  church  of 
St  Olave,  in  Southwark,  where  he  was  in  high  repute  for  his  preach- 
ing.    He  was,  in  his  charity  sermons,  a  powerful  advocate  for  the 
poor,  among  whom  he  distributed  annually  some  hundreds  of 
pounds.     His  oratory  on  this  topic  is  said  to  be  almost  irresistible ; 
as  some  have  gone  to  church  with  a  resolution  not  to  give,  and 
have  been  insensibly  and  involuntarily  melted  into  compassion,  and 
bestowed  their  alms  with  uncommon  liberality.     As  he  was  a  man 
of  no  faction  himself,  men  of  di£Perent  factions  and  religions  were 
generally  disposed  to  do  justice  to  his  character.     He  was  author 
of  the  nine  practical  treatises,  which  are  all  specified  by  Dr. 
Calamy. 


HENRY  STUBBES,  (or  Stubbe)    (M.  A.)  Ob. 
July  7,  1678 ;  ML  73  ;  \2mo. 

Henry  Stubbes,  who,  according  to  Mr.  Wood,  was  educated  at 
Magdalen  Hall,*  or,  according  to  Dr.  Calamy,  at  Wadham  College, 
in  Oxford,  was,  for  many  years,  a  minister  of  very  considerable 
note.    He  exercised  his  ministry  at  Wells,  in  Somersetshire ;  after- 
ward at  Dursley  and  Horsley,  in  Gloucestershire  :  but,  in  the  latter 
part  of  his  life,  he  resided  altogether  in  London.  Here  he  preached 
almost  every  day,  and  some  days  twice.     He  was  one  of  the  most 
moderate  and  generally  respected  of  the  noncc^pformists ;  as  he 
loved,  so  he  seemed  to  be  beloved  of  all  good  men.     Dr.  Calamy 
says  ^'  he  lived  like  an  incarnate  angel  f'  and  Mr.  Baxter  his  inti- 
mate friend,  has,  in  the  "  Narrative  of  his  own  Life,"  and  the  ser- 
mon which  he  preached  at  his  funeral,  represented  him  as  a  man  of 
great  sanctity  of  life,  and  a  blessing  to  those  parts  of  the  kingdom 
in  which  he  lived.     ''  I  scarce  remember,  says  he,  the  man  that  I 
ever  knew,  that  served  God  with  more  absolute  resignation  and  de- 
votedness,  in  simplicity  end  godly  sincerity ;  living  like  the  primitive 
Christians,  without  any  pride  or  worldly  motive ;  or  in  whose  case 
1  had  rather  die.'* — Dr.  Calamy  and  Mr.  Wood  have  given  us  a 
list  of  his  practical  works ;  but  they  have  both  omitted  the  follow- 
ing :  '<  Two  Epistles  to  the  professing  Parents  of  baptized  Children,'* 
written  a  little  before  his  death,  in  1678. 

•"  Athep.  Oxon,"  ii.  coll.  668.     . 


78  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

CHRISTOPHER  NESSE,  (M.  A.)  minister  of  i 
gospel  in  Fleet-street,  London ;  Mt.  56,  1678 ;  Svo. 

Christopher  Nesse,  who  wag  some  time  of  St.  John's  Coljege, ; 
Cambridge,  was  a  minister  in  several  noted  tow^  in  Yorksluvf 
particularly  at  Leeds,  where,  at  the  time  of  the  ejection,  hjB  i^ 
lecturer  to  Dr.  Lake,  afterward  bishop  of  Chichester.     There  hf 
been,  for  some  time,  a  bickering  betwixt  the  doctor  and  the  lecturf 
yi\iO  preached  with  warmth  against  each  other's  doctrine.^    Aft 
the  passing  of  the  Five  Mile  Act,  he  preached  in  several  of  th^vi 
{ages  about  Leed^.    In  1675,  he  was  in  great  danger  of  b^ 
gPQt  to  prison;  which  occasioned  his  flyings  to  Lopdoq,  where  I 
became  minister  to  a  private  congregation,  and  spent  a  great  g§ 
of  his  time  in  writing.  The  chief  of  his  works,  which  are  numerov 
are  his   "  History  and  Mystery  of  the  Old  and  New  Testameni 
^z.*  in  four  volumes  folio;  and  his"  Church  History  from  A^^b 
1681.   John  Dunton,  the  bookseller,  tells  us,  that  he  wrote  for  hi 
**  The  Life  of  Pope  Innocent  XI. ^'  of  which  the  whole  impressi 
sold  oflPin  a  fortnight. f     His  style  is  but  very  indifferent.     Qh^,' 
Pec.  1705,  m.  84. 

J.  FORBES,  (M.  A)  four  English  verses,  ''  Heth 
views  Forbes' s  face,''  Sgc.  i2mo.\ 

James  Forbes  descended  from  an  honourable  family  in  Scotlai 
was  educated  at  Aberdeen,  where  he  took  the  degree  of  master 
arts,  and  was  afterward  admitted  to  the  same  degree  at  Oxfor 
tn  1654,  he  began  to  exercise  his  ministry  at  Gloucester,  where 
■preached  in  the  cathedral  for  six  years,  and  exerted  himself  so  mm 
that  his  life  was  apparently  in  danger.   He  was  strongly  persuac 
by  Dean  Frampton,  afterward  bishop  of  Gloucester,  to  confo 
to  the  church;  but  persisted  in  his  nonconformity.     H^  was.v 
assiduous  in  preaching  privately,  when  he  could  no  longer  prei 
in  public ;  which  occasioned  his  being  several  times  imprison 
and  once  for  a  whole  year.     He  was,  as  to  his  tenets,  a  strict  C 
vinist,  and  an  Independent.     He  was  liberal  and  charitable  U 
degree  beyond  his  circumstances,  and  was  greatly  respected  for 

^'■^*  T^e  reader  wiU  find  ^9196, things  well  worth  his  notice  in tiiese  volnnif s. 

t  Dunton's  *' IJfeV* 

X  There  is  a  print  from  the  same  plate,  with  the  name  of  Murford  oil  it,  concen 
whom,  after  particular  search,  I  cannot  find  the  least  mention.  The  verses  ni 
the  head  denote  him  a  poel*  ^  Caiamy. 


OF   ENGLAND.  79 

ming  and  pMy.  He  died  the  Slst  of  May,  1712,  in  the  83d 
IT  of  his  age,  and  lies  buried  at  Gloucester,  where  he  constantly 
dded  in  the  latter  part  of  his  life.  "  He  was*  off  and  on,"  as  Dr. 
lamy  tells  us,  •*  fifty-eight  years  minister  in  that  city."  The 
mt  considerable  of  his  works  is  his  **  Christian  directed  in  the 
ay  to  Heaven." 

NATHANAEL  VINCENT,  (M.A.)  &c.  R.  White 
Un.  et  sc.  Before  his  "  True  Touchstone  of  Grace 
\d  Nature,''  1681 ;  small  8vo. 

Tfi&thaniel  Vincent,  who  received  his  education  at  Christ  Church, 
Oitfordy  became  a  member  of  that  university  at  eleven  years  of 
:e;  and,  when  he  was  about  eighteen,  took  the  degree  of  master 
arts.  *We  are  Informed  by  Mr.  Wood,  that  before  he  took  that 
tjgrl^  he  was  an  eitravagant  and  dissolute  young  man;  but  that 
terWaVd  he  was  visibly  reformed,  arid  was  appointed  chaplain  in 
dinary  to  King  Charles  II.»  He  soon  became  a  very  noted 
eacher  and  writer ;  and  as  he  was  one  of  the  most  assiduous,  so  he 
as  also  one  of  the  most  unfortunate  of  his  nonconforming  brethren. 
e  was  several  times  imprisoned,  and  heavily  fined  for  holding  con- 
Atieles ;  and  was  once  sentenced  to  suffer  three  years'  imprison- 
ent,  and  then  banishment,  in  pursuance  of  an  act  made  in  the 
>th  of  Elizabeth.  But  his  counsel  finding  a  fiaw  in  the  indict- 
erit,  the  sentence  was  never  carried  into  execution.  He  difetin- 
nished  himself  by  preaching  amidst  the  ruins  after  the  fire  of 
ondon,  where  multitudes  assembled  to  hear  him,  many  of  whose 
>fisciences  were  awakened  by  that  dreadful  calamity.!  He  'died 
1 1697.  He  was  author  of  many  sermons,  and  other  practical 
ieces  of  divinity. 

'*  Mr.  Wood  iayst  that  he  preached  before  the  king  at  Newmarket  in  a  long 
eriwig,  &c.  adcdrding  to  the  then  fashion  for  gentlemen,  and  that  his  majesty 
as  much  offended  at  it,  &c.  &c. 

t  Thomas  Vincent,  his  brother,  a  man  of  a  similar  character,  exerted  himself  on 
le  same  occasion;  as  he  did  also  in  the  time  of  the- pestilence,  when  he  con- 
waAy  preached  and  visited  the  sick,  but  escaped  the  distemper  himself.  He  was 
Bthor  of  ■'*  God's  terrible  Voice  to  the  City  by  Plague  and  Fire;"  and  published 
oother  book  of  the  like  kind,  occasioned  by  an  eruption  of  Mount  ^tna,  en- 
itled,  *'  ^ire  And  Brimstone ;  I.  From  Heaven,  in  tlie  burning  of  Sodom  and 
hMnorrah'  formerly;  II.  From  Earth,  in  the  burning  of  Mount  j£tna  lately; 
h.  from  Hdl,  in  the  burning  of  the  wicked-  eternally;**  1670;  8vo.  I  have 
lentioned  this  book,  as  it  is  not  specified  in  the  list  of  his  works  by  Dr.  Cali^y; 


80  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

GEORGE   GRIFFITH,   M.  A.    R.White  sc.  Ah 

The  print,  which  is  anonymous,  is  known  by  thi 
inscription : 

"  Most  gladly  would  I  learn,  and  gladly  teach." 

Mr.  George  Griffith,  who  was  educated  at  Emmanuel  College,  i 
Cambridge,*  was,  before  the  ejection,  a  preacher  at  the  Charte 
house,  and  a  weekly  lecturer  at  St.  Bartholomew's,  behind  tl 
Exchange.  In  1654,  he  was  added  to  the  number  of  those  divirn 
who  were  appointed  commissioners  for  the  approbation  or  rejectic 
of  ministers,  and  who  were  distinguished  by  the  name  of  Triers 
Dr.  Calamy  informs  us,  that  he  was  much  followed  in  the  form 
part  of  his  life,  for  his  "  great  invention  and  devotion  in  prayer 
but  that  when  he  was  advanced  in  years,  his  congrjBgation  decline 
The  same  author,  who  makes  no  mention  of  any  thing  written  I 
him,  gives  us  also  to  understand,  that  he  was  a  man  of  an  agreeab 
conversation  and  polite  behaviour. 

* 

The  Rev.  Mr.  BAXTER ;  from  an  original  in  t 
possession  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Benjamin  Fawcety  at  Ki 
derminster.    Spilsbury  f  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Richard  Baxter  ;  a  book  on  a  table  before  hit 
eight  English  verses  ;  Ato. 

Richardus  Baxterus,  A".  1670,  JSf,  55.  . 
White  sc. 

Richardus  Baxterus,  &c.  eight  English  vers 
Before  his  "  Poor  Man's  Family  Book,''  1674  j  8vo. 


*  This  appears  from  Kennel's  "  Register  and  Chronicle/'  p.  933,  934.  ' 
person  of  both  his  names  mentioned  by  Dr.  Calaray,  as  taking  his  master's  de^ 
in  1726,  was  afterward  bishop  of  St.  Asaph.. 

t  These  Triers  for  the  most  part  brought  the  test  to  a  short  issue«    If  a  mini 
readily  gave  up  the  five  points  of  Arminius,  embraced  the  tenets  of  CaJ?iii» 
y/M  orthodox  in  politics,  he  was  generally  qualified  to  hold  any  benefice  in 
church. 


OF    ENGLAND.  81 

• 

RiCHARi>us  Baxterus,  ftc.  eight  English  verges. 
R.  White  sc.  Before  his  "  Catholic  Theology^'  1676 ; 
folio, 

RicHARDus  Baxterus,  JEt.  62.  JR.  White  sc. 
h.  sh* 

Richard  Baxter.  J.  Riley  del.  J.  Caldwall  sc. 
Inthe  "  Nonconformists'  Memorial 

Richard  Baxter,  M.  76.  T.  D.  to  his  "  Call  to 
the  VnconveHed ;''  \2mo.  1696. 

Richard  Baxter;  six  verses;  JEt.  76.  J.  Dra^ 
fmtier;  scarce  ;  foL 

Richard  Baxter.    V.  Hone;  to  his  "  Funeral  Ser- 
mon and  Life  ;"  foL 

Richard  Baxter,  JEt.  76,    J.  Sturt. 
Richard  Baxter.    G.  Vertue  sc.  8vo. 

Richard  Baxter.   R.  White  sc.  to  his  '^  Life  and 
ff^orks;'  1696  ;fol. 

Richard  Baxter  ;  tuith  a  scull;  12mo. 

RiCHARDUs  Baxterus.  Arthur  Soly  sc.  1683;  \2mo^ 

Richard  Baxter  was  a  man  famous  for  weakness  of  body  and 
strength  of  mind ;  for  having  the  strongest  sense  of  religion  him- 
self, and  exciting  a  sense  of  it  in  the  thoughtless  and  the  profligate ; 
for  preaching  more  sermons,  engaging. in  more  controversies,  and 
wtiting  more  books,  than  any  other  nonconformist  of  his  age.  He 
spoke,  disputed,  and  wrote  with  ease ;  and  discovered  the  same  in-^ 
tiepidity  when  he  reproved  Cromwell,  and  expostulated  with 
Charles  II.  as  when  he  preached  to  a  congregation  of  mechanics. 
His  zeal  for  religion  was  extraordinary,  but  it  seems  never  to  have 
prompted  him  to  faction,  or  carried  him  to  enthusiasm.    This 

VOL.  V.  M  * 


82  BIOGRAPHICAL     HISTORY 

« 

champion  of  the  Presbyterians  was  the  common  butt  ef  men  of  Cfeqf 
other  religioni  and  of  those  who  were  of  no  religion  al  dl«  M 
this  had  very  little  effect  upon  him :  his  presence  and  his  fini- 
ness  of  mind  on  no  occasion  forsook  him.  He  was  just  the  ssni 
man  before  he  went  into  a  prison,  while  he  was  in  it,  and  wfas>  iie 
came  out  of  it ;  and  he  maintained  a  uniformity  of  character  ^ 
the  last  gasp  of  his  life.  His  enemies  have  placed  him  in  hdi;  M 
every  man  who  has  not  ten  times  the  bigotry  that  Mr.  Baxter  kinH 
self  had,  must  conclude  that  he  is  in  a  better  place.  This  is  a  voy 
faint  and  imperfect  sketch  of  Mr.  Baxter^s  character:  menofUi 
size  are  not  to  be  drawn  in  miniature.  His  portrait,  in  full  prop^ 
tion,  is  in  his  *^  Narrative  of  his  own  Life  and  Times  %^  which, 
though  a  rhapsody  composed  in  the  manner  of  a  diaty,  oontldoil 
great  variety  of  memorable  things,  and  is  itself,  as  *far  as  it  goes^ 
a  history  of  nonconformity.  Hid  "  Catholic  Theology,**  and  hi« 
**  Saints*  Everlasting  Rest,"  are  the  most  considerable  of  bis  wn- ' 
tings,  which  consist  of  a  hundred  and  forty-five  different  treatises. 
His  **  Call  to  the  Unconverted"  has  been  oftener  printed  than 
any  of  his  works.*     See  the  following  reign. 

MATTH^US  MEAD,  1663.  R.  White  sc.  Before 
his  "  Good  of  early  Obedience^''  1683;  8w.  Thereisa 
copy  of  this  by  Nutting,  prefixed  to  his  "  Young  Man's 
Remembrancer^^'  a  book  not  mentioned  by  Dr.  Calaimj. 

Matt.  Mead,  M.  60,  1691.    R.  White  sc.  fol. 

Matthew  Mead  descended  from  a  good  family  in  Buckingham- 
shire, was  some  time  minister  of  Brickhill,  in  that  county ;  whence 
he  removed  to  Stepney,  near  London,  where  he  resided  the  greater 
part  of  his  life.     He  was  long  a  very  eminent  preacher^  and  of  no 

*  Baxter  was  the  chief  of  the  commissioners  for  the  Presbyterians,  at  the  con- 
ference held  at  the  Savoy ;  the  issue  of  which  was,  that  both  parties  were  mac& 
farther  from  a  comprehension  than  thej  were  before  it  began. 

At  p.  54  of  Archdeacon  Sharp's  "  Visitation  Charges/Mn  tile  notes.  Is  Hm  foi^ 
lowing  passage,  sabjoined  to  that  part  of  the  charge  where  the  author  apeaks  can* 
Cierning  the  admission  of  schismatics,  not  lying  under  ecclesiastical  censoces,  to  tb«  1 
saciiament.  **  This  matter  was  thoroughly  considered  in  the  case  of  Mr.  Richaid 
Baxter,  the  ^mous  nonconformist,  if  he  may  be  called  so,  who  constantly  attended 
the  church-senriee  and  sacrament  in  die  parish  where  he  lived,  at  those  times  when 
be  was  not  engaged  at  his  own  meetiog*heo8e.'^ 


.    Ot   ENGLAND.  83 

flnalt  HOte  as  a  eadukt  tuid  a  writep;  hisF  ^  Almost  ChHsdaa/'  beiii|f 
esfiMmed'an  exceUenl  pdrfoniMmoe.  Though  he  was  accotmted  a 
iMdoas  BODCoaformkt,  he  neyer  meddled  with  controversiesi  bul 
was  extremely  derarous  of  a  union  of  all  \4siUe  Christians.*  He 
was,  among  other  innocent  persons,  accused  aa  an  accomplice  in 
die  Rye-house  plot ;  upon  which  he  fled  into  Holland,  and  carried 
his  son  Richard  with  him,  whom  he  placed  under  an  excellent 
schoolmaster.  This  son,  who  was  the  eleventh  of  hift  thirteeif 
chfldren,  rose  to  great  eminence  in  the  profession  of  physic,  and 
WHS- many  3^FS  physician  to  George  II.  After  his  return  to  Eng- 
land, he  was  summoned  to  appear  before  the  privy  council,  where 
he  very  fully  vindicated  his  innocence,  and  was  presently  discharged. 
He  died  on  the  16th  of  Oct.  1699*  Mr.  John  Howe,  who  preached 
bis  funeral  sermons,  represent  him  as  a  man  of  exemplary  conduct 
in  every  relation  of  life. 


JOHN  FLAVEL,  M.  60,  1680.    R.  White  sc.  4to. 

JoHi^  Flavel,  .^.  5&,  1689.    R.  White  sc.  Svo. 

John  Flavel.    V.  Gucht;  to  his  "  Worfcs;''  foL 

JoHir  Fi*AVEi^  X  Caldwali  sc.  In  the  ^^Noncon- 
formists*  Memorial.'' 

John  Flavel.  R.  Cooper  sc.  folio. 

John  Flavel^  who  was  educated  at  University  College,  in  Oxford, 
was  minister  of  Deptford^  and  afterward  at  Dartmoudi,  in  Devon- 
shire^ whefe  he  resided  the  greatest  part  of  his  life.  He  wrote 
many  pieces  of  practical  divinity,  some  of  which  were  calculated  for 
sailors ;  particularly  his  ^*  Navigation  spiritusilized,  or  a  New 
Compass  for  Seamen,  consisting  of  thirty-two  Points  of  pleasant 
Observations,  and  serious  Reflections^  8vo.  to  which  are  subjoined 
spiritual  PQems^'^  He  waa^  al^  author  of  'V  Husbandry  spiritual* 
ized,  &c.  to  which  are  added  Occasional  Meditations  upon  Beasts, 
BMf ,  Trees,  Flowers,  Rivers^  and  severail  other  objects,''t  8vo. 
He  waa  long  a  ccmstant  and  frequent  preacher^  and  was  thought  Xa 


*  Sermoii  at  his  fbneral,  by  Mr.  John  Howe. 

\  See  the  note  oaier  tke-arUc^  of  Dr.  Co£i.iko8»  in  ihis.  GIms.. 


W  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

bave  a  good  talent  that  way.  Part  of  his  Diaiy,  printed  with  | 
Remains,  must  give  the  reader  a  high  idea  of  his  piety.  Thoii^ 
he  was  generally  respected  at  Dartmouth,  yet,  in  1685,  several: 
the  aldermen  of  that  place,  attended  by  the  rabble,  carried  abov^ 
ridiculous  effigy  of  him,  to  which  were  affixed  the  Covenant,  cm 
the  Bill  of  Exclusion.  He  thought  it  prudent  at  that  time  to  wBi 
draw  from  the  town,  not  knowing  what  treatment  he  might  dtm 
witli  himself,  from  a  riotous  mob,  headed  by  magistrates  who  w^ei 
themselves  among  the  lowest  of  mankind*  Ob.  26  June,  1691 
iC#«  61*  His  works  were  printed  after  his  death,  in  two  yolum^ 
folio. 

W.  EDMUND  TRENCH.  M.  Beak  p.  R.  White  sc 
MottiK  **  /w  Simplicity  m^d  goodly  Sincerity.^  Befm 
Ai4^  Lific.  drmr$f  ont  of  his  ok-h  Diary,  1693 ;  12mo. 

I^wimA  TWttch.  wbeft  lie  was  about  sixteen  years  of  age^  wa 
$^l  ti>  Q^ii^nV  Colk^,  in  Cambridge,  whence  lie  lemored  t 
Mij^g4akn  Hall,  in  0:clfe(tU  wImk  he  stayed  abont  two  years«  H 
atlWrw^Mvl  $t»iik><i  pK\^  dUK>«i :  bnt  1^  inclination  leading  ba 
;^|i^$4^r^  |H>  tW  WMnbiv^  He  was 

wiMi  vi^lT  iW^  $iMC«a^^$t  y*^%  ^'"^  a|ifK«ikr$  «>  Wtc  been  verj  sensibl 
«(IIS^<ti^iwiiAtWMttit^«N4ii^^  Bi 

4li«^«$)^  >K^(^  Mii^  ^iK'nii^l  i?c  W  bft^^  $qL^t»ii|iKnt  comfcact.     He  spei 
Wi^  ^vw^^  Mi4  |>^Mf  <!4'  lkA$  i^xr^txuii^.  va  i^  exH^c^  oC  bis  ministi] 

^^^ik  i|i^  ?^  «^wi^  x^^w^  t!b^  «»inii£i  fnot  «f  lbBia«ne,aDiPQri 
^  H'^hi^N     llif$;  l>^«nrs  >dbk^  ^«;a^  wrt^aea  liair  l»  pmate  at 

)fm^  V/Mir>ni^  amn^  )i<^^  ^ifti^^  ^ii^tifi  «»9  «^f  ^a  mtialke  «a&.  Ofc.  Iboi 
lNl>l»^  l^t|ti>ii>)i$ii^  >«9^  !it^^  ¥>^p^^imK  4nid  ^Aamaa^  tf  Gi 


OF    ENGLAND.  85 

H^  Calslmy,  a  very  strong  impulse  on  his  mind  of  the  approach  of 
.eath  ;  and  took  a  formal  leave  of  his  friends  at  their  own  houses, 
little  before  his  departure  :  and  the  last  night  of  his  life,  he  sent 
Is  Discourse  concerning  Angels  to  the  press.  The  next  day  he 
hut  himself  up  in  his  parlour,  where,  to  the  great  surprise  and 
egret  of  all  that  saw  him,  he  was  found  just  expiring.  Ob.  1663-4, 
Ef.  72.  Dr.  Calamy  says>  that  it  is  much  to  be  lamented  that  there 
le  no  particular  memoirs  of  his  life. 

EDWARD  PEARSE,  M.  40,  1673.  R.  White  sc. 
[2mo.  Before  his  ''Last  Legacy y''  which  is  the  second 
■dition  of  his  "  Beams  of  Divine  Glory T 

Edward  Pearse,  whom  Dr.  Calamy  styles  "  a  most  affectionate 
ind  useful  preacher,'',  was  ejected  from  St.  Margaret's,  Westmin- 
ster, when  the  Act  of  Uniformity  took  place.  He  was  author  of  se- 
veral practical  treatises ;  the  most  noted  of  which  is  entitled,  "  The 
jreat  Concern,  or  a  serious  Warning  to  a  timely  and  thorough  Pre- 
3aration  for  Death,"^  &c.  which  was  frequently  distributed  at  fune- 
rals. '  It  has  been  reprinted  above  twenty  times.  He  earnestly 
>rayed,  in  his  last  illness,  that  something  of  his  might  be  useful  after 
\is  decease ;  **  which  prayer,"  says  Dr.  Calamy,  "  was  remarkably 
mswered  in  the  signal  success  of  this  little  book.''  Ob.  1673, 
Et.  40-* 


GULIELMUS  SHERWIN,  &c.  W.  Shertcin  sc. 
We  learn  from  the  Latin  inscription  on  this  print,  that 
the  engraver  was  the  eldest  son  of  the  plerson  repre- 
sented, and  that  he  was  made  royal  engraver  by 
patent.  The  head  is  prefixed  to  his  "  Clavis,"  &c. 
4to.  1672. 


•  There  vas  another  Edward  Pearse,  who  was  author  of  **  The  Conformist's  Plea 
for  the  Nonconformists,*'  who  has  been  confounded  with  the  person  above  men- 
tioned. I  take  tfau  to  be  the  mimster  of  Cottesbrook,  in  Northamptonshire,  whom 
Wood,  vol.  ii.  coll.  999,  calls  "  a  conforming  nonconformist.**  That  the  author  of 
the  «•  Ptea"  really  conformed  is  apparent  from  South*s  "  Sermons,"  vol.  vi.  p.  33, 
from  Kcraiet*8  "  Register  and  Chronicle,"  p.  755,  and  from  Neale's  "  ETistorj  of  the 
Pttritans/' f  oU  IV,  p.  508.  • 


86  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

William  Sherwin,  minitler  of  Wallingtoa,  in  Hertfofdshiiey'aod 
lecturer  of  Baldocki  in  that  county,  applied  himielf  to  the  study  of  ^ 
the  abstrosest  parts  of  scripture,  on  which  he  has  pubUslied  senni 
books*  He  particularly  studied  the  obscure  propheciM  of  Danid^ 
and  St  John  in  the  Apocalypse ;  and  was  much  bigoted  tohitail- 
lennial  notions. 


WILLIAM  DYER,  M.  27 ;  12w(?. 

William  D.yer  was  minister  of  Cholesbury,  in  Bucking^iamshire, 
whence  he  was  ejected,  in  1662,  for  nonconformity.  He  was  au- 
thor of  sermcms  on  several  subjects,  printed  in  smsdl  rolumes,  vk 
commonly  sold  among  chapmen's  books.  His  '^  GHttpse  of  Sioi/li 
Qlory,'*  which  contains  the  substance  of  several  sermons  upon  Ber. 
xiv.  4,  is  dedicated  to  the  parishioners  of  Cholesbury.  His  ^'  Chriitlii 
famous  Titles,  and  a  Believer's  Golden  Chain,'^.  are  in  anoiM 
small  volume.  His  ^*  Christ^s  Voice  to  London,'^  &c.  contains  tirf 
sermons  preached  in  the  time  of  the  plague,*  He  turned  Qoafal 
in  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  and  lies  interred  in  the  burying-gronna 
in  Southwark.     Oh.  April,  1696,  Mt.  60. 


It 

£ 


THOMAS  COLE;  chak,  short  handy  Ato.^mezxJ^^ 
V.  Spriett  sc. 

Thomas  Cole  ;  an  etching. 

Thomas  Cole  was  author  of  several  sermonil,.  printed  in  the  Sup- 
{detnent  to  the  **  Morning  £xerctse  at  Cripplegate,"  and  in  tke 
"  Casuistical  Morning  Exercise."  See  Letsome's  "  Preacbei'i 
Assistant-'^ 

NATHANAEL  PARTRIDGE ;  mezz.  4to. 

Nathaniel  Partridge  was  minister  at  St.  Alban's :  Dr.  Calamy 
supposes  that  he  belonged  to  St.  MichaeVs,  and  that  he  was  ejected 
in  1662, 

Mr.  JOHN  GOSNOLD,  minister  of  lie  goapel, 

*  His  works,  wliich  are  much  in  the  style  of  Bunyau,  were  reprinted  in  1761. 


OF    ENGLAND.  87 

fcc.     **  Of  whom  the  world  was  not  worthy.''     Van 
Bave  sc.   l2mo. 

John  GosnoU)  who  wb»  an  Anabaptist  preacher  in  London  of 
•one  note,  was  educated  at  Pembroke  Hall,  in  Cambridge.  He 
particularly  exerted  himself  against  Socinianism.  He  died,  much 
r^retted  by  hb  flock^  1676,  in  the  fifty-third  year  of  his  age.* 


HANSARD  KNOLUS,  minister  of  the  gospel, 
iged  67  years ;  smail  Sw. 

Hansard  Knollis,  jEt.  93.     J.  H.  v.  Hove  ;  pre- 

Hansard  Knollis,  who  was  several  times  convened  before  the 
Mnmittee  for  preaching  Andnodaianism  and  AndpsBdobaptismy 
iWftEg  been  prohibited  from  preaching  in  public  chuecfaes,  opened 
:  deparate  congregation  in  Great  S.  Helen's,  which  was  soon  supt- 
VQSsed.f  It  appears  from  bis  book  on  the  1 1th  chapter  of  the  Reve*- 
Uion,  which  he  published  in  this  reignj  that  he  was  strongly  tine* 
Ured  with  Quakerism.  He  was  author  of  '^  A  Flaming  Fire  'm 
Sion,"  in  answer  to  Mr«  Saltmarsh's  book,  entitled  *^  The  Smoke  in 
be  Temple.^'  If  the  reader  should  have  patience  to  peruse  these 
Wo  very  singular  pieces,  he  will  most  probably  be  of  opinion,  that 
bere  is  much  more  smoke  than  fire  in  them  both. 

I  take  the  two  following  persons  to  be  dissenting  ministers,  but 
enow  nothing  of  their  personal  history.  They  may  perhaps  belong 
JO  a  subsequent  reign. 

JOSUA  MOONE;  hair,  coif,  short  band  with 
strings,  a  black  loose  robe^  arms.  Motto,  "  Quid  retri- 
huam  Domino/'  At  bottom^  ^  Mediis  tranguillics  in 
undis.''     R.  White  ad  vivum  delin. 

JOHN  HOPWOOD,  M.  26,  1676.  John  Dra- 
penti^r^c. 

•  Ca!iU6y  if  Neale,  Hi.  p.  163.  X  1<579. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


HUGH  PETERS,  Oct.  IGGO;  M.  G\ ;   l2mo. 

"  Lo  here  the  dictates  of  a  dying  man '. 
Mark  welt  hia  note  I  who  like  the  expiring  swan. 
Wisely  presaging  her  approaching  doom. 
Sings  in  soft  charms  her  epicedium. 
Such,  such,  were  his;  who  was  a  shining  lamp, 
Which,  though  extinguish'd  by  a  fatal  damp. 
Yet  his  last  breathings  shall,  like  incense  hurl'd 
On  sacred  altars,  so  perfume  the  world, 
That  tlie  next  will  admire,  and  out  of  doubt. 
Revere  that  torch-light  which  this  age  put  out."* 

Before  his  "  Last  Legacy  to  his  Daughter."    Tm 
prints  before  different  editions  of  the  book. 

Hugh  Peters,  together  with  his  brethren  the  regicides,  went 
his  execution  with  an  air  of  triumph,  rejoicing  that  he  was  to  sot 
in  so  good  a  cause.  It  appears  from  this  instance,  and  many  otherf, 
that  Ihe  presumption  of  an  enthusiast  is  much  greater  than  that  ol 
a  saint.  The  one  is  always  humble,  and  works  out  his  sahatioit  BtA' 
fear  andtrcmblaig ;  the  other  is  arrogant  and  assuming,  and  seem 
to  demand  it  as  his  right.  This  portrait  maybe  degraded  to  thi 
twelfth  Class. — See  the  Ikterregnum. 


ROBERT  TRAILL,  minister  of  Gray -Friars 
church,  Edinburgh ;  from  an  original  picture  paintti 
during  his  exile  in  Holland,  and  now  in  the  possession  4 
the  Right  Honourable  the  Earl  of  Buchan.  R.  Wil- 
kinson; 8yo. 

RoBEET  Traill.     E.  Harding ;  8tw. 

•  Lord  Clarendon  observe!,  that  the  fanalics  "  discovered  a  wonderful  raalipiq 
in  tiieir  discoutaes,  and  yows  of  revenge  for  tlieir  innoceot  frienda,  (llie  tegi 
Thej  caused  the  gpeeches  (hej  made  at  their  dealbi  to  be  printed,  in  which  lbeit| 
waa  nothing  ot  a  repentance  or  sorrow  for  their  wickedrets  ;  but  a  jostiBca 
what  they  had  done  for  the  canse  of  Gad."  They  bad  their  meetings  to  toanll 
ahout  refeoge,  and  hoped  that  Ihc  disbanded  arm;  would  hare  espouied  Ib(ir| 
cause.    See  llie  "  Continuation  of  Lord  Clarendon's  ZMe,"  p.  134,  135. 


kk. 


ol>  I'JB 


ry{sy 


/■uiii^hiJ  ./-"I  yrf/Qa.  iy  JvrJ^i,f<^^J'-^».  is-/^  fi^^m  JV:'siS!ra«J. 


OF    ENGLAND. 

(bH  Traill  tvaj  a  rigid  CalviniEt,  and  one  of  the  most  eloquent 
Amis  prt-aciiers  smong  the  covenanters.  He  wa*  one  of  tlia 
kers  who  atleniled  the  Marquis  of  Montrose  to  the  scafTutd, 
t  view  rather  to  insult,  than  console  that  great  mnn,  on  the 
nte  occasion.  Soon  after  the  restoration  he  was  ejected 
a  sUaation  of  minister  of  the  Gray-Friai's  church,  in  Etlin- 
b  t  and   sought  personal  safety  by  flight  into  Holland,  i 


EIGYMEN  OF  THE  CHURCH  OF  ROME. 

aOMAS  PHILIPPUS  HOWARDUS,  &c.    car- 

}  de  Norfolcia.     A'icolo  Bj/ii  sc.  large  sh. 
I  copy  by  Clotiet,  Ato* 

Philippus  Howard,  cardinalis  de  Norfolk.     A^. 

Wiw  sc.   "  Offerebant  Alumni  Angto-Duacenl ;"  k.sli, 

Vo/n   a  private  plate  in  the  possession  of  the  Hon.. 

Charles  Howard,  of  Grei/slock,  esq.  author  of  the  "  His- 

^orieal  Anecdotes  of  some  of  the  Howard  Family"^ 

TnoHAS  Howard,   cardinal,   &c.     Du   Chalcl  p. 
IfSWwtr  Bruggenf.  mezz.  k.  sh.^ 

i|[6aAS  Philip  Howard,  &c.  Poilly ;  sh. 

BOUAS  Philip  Howakd,  &:c.     Zucchi;  sh. 

HOMAS  Philip  Howard,  &c.  mezz.   sitting  in  a 
Du  Chatel.     J.  F.  Leonart  sc.  scarce. 
Thomas  Philip  Howard,  third  sou  of  Henry,  earl  of  Arundel,  and 
lUDger  brother  to  Henry,  duke  of  Norfolk,  went  abroad  with  hi« 

k.  ■  In  "  VitM  Poiilif.  &  Cicdinal."    RoniD,  1731,  3  vul.  fol. 

t  Now  in  tha  pQeii's^iun  of  llie  Dtike  uC  Nnifolk. 
it  At  Lord  Spencer's,  Bt\VinibieclDQ,iii»fineportTail,bjBnl)ens,  mid  to  be  (rf 
Clidinitl  Kowiinl,  who  did  not  a»ume  the  purple  till  the  ^eai  IBTh;  but  Kubctu, 

e  ondoubtedly  psinled  the  picture,  died  in  1640. 

VOL.   V.  N 


9.0 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


grandfather,  Thomas,  earl  of  Arundel,  in  the  time  of  the  cifil  wir) 
and  at  about  fifteen  years  of  age,  entered  into  a  conyent  of  DomiaH' 
cans  at  Cremona.  In  May,  1675,  he  was,  by  the  interest  of  Cardind 
Altieri,  advanced  to  the  purple.  It  is  probable  that  the  pope  htil 
a  view  of  promoting  the  Catholic  cause  in  England  by  bis  means; 
as  the  Duke  of  York,  the  heir  to  the  crown,  was  professedty  of  tfatt 
religion.  He  was  sometimes  called  the  cardinal  of  England,  as  Car- 
dinal Allen  was  formerly ;  and  was  the  only  Englishman  raised  br 
that  dignity,  since  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  He  was  a  man  of  an- 
gular humanity  and  benevolence,  and  was  generally  visited  by  the 
English  nobility  and  gentry  in  their  travels.  He  was  zealous  fbr 
his  religion,  and  very  desirous  of  making  converts.  The  lady 
Theophila  Lucy,  widow  of  Sir  Kingsmill  Lucy,  and  second  daugh- 
ter of  George,  earl  of  Berkeley,  was  converted  by  him,  when  she 
was  at  Rome,  in  the  latter  end  of  this  reign.  This  lady  became 
afterward  the  wife  of  Robert  Nelson,  esq.  who,  when  he  married 
her,  knew  nothing  of  the  change  of  her  religion. 


OLIVERIUS  PLUNKET.  G.  Morpheiip.  J.  Van- 
dervaartf.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Oliver  Plunket.  Murphey  p.  T.  Honhar  esc. 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

Oliverius  Plunket,  archiepiscopus  Armachanus, 
&c.  7'obeSj  crosier^  ^c.  Svo.     R.  Collins  sc.  BruxelL 

The  plate,  which  belonged  to  Dr.  Rawlinson,  is  in  the  Bodleian 
Library,  where  there  is  a  painting  of  him. 

Oliver  Plunket  ;  mezz.  Laurie  sc.  mezz.  from 
the  painting  done  in  Newgate;  Lowndes  e.rc.  1779. 

Oliver  Plunket  ;  mezz.    E.  Lutterel ;  Ato. 

Oliver  Plunket  ;  %vo,    J.  Berry  sc. 

Oliver  Plunket,  titular  primate  of  all  Ireland,  was  advanced  to 
the  archbishopric  of  Armagh,  by  the  interest  of  Cardinal  Rospig- 
liosi.  His  promotion  is  said  to  have  been  in  lieu  of  a  debt,  which 
a  certain  lady  was  unable,  or  unwilling  to  pay,  and  therefore  soli- 


\/ 


I 


OF    ENGLAND.  91 

cited   the  cardinal  in  his  behalf.*     He  was  a  man  of  an  inofiensive 
character ;  but  was  condemned  upon  the  testimony  of  very  infamous 
witnesses,  for  a  design  of  bringing  a  French  army  over  to  Ireland, 
to  massacre  all  the  Protestants  in  that  kingdom.     The  ground  of 
tbe  prosecution  against  him  was  his  censuring  several  priests,  who 
were  subordinate  to  him,  for  their  scandalous  lewdness. f    He  did 
not  only  deny  the  accusation  upon  his  trial,  but  persisted  in  assert- 
ing his  innocence  to  the  last  moment  of  his  life.     The  parliament, 
who  took  every  occasion  of  expressing  their  animosity  against  the 
Papists,  owned  themselves  convinced.of  the.  reality  of  *<  the  horrid 
aokd  damnable  Irish  plot.**     He  was  hanged,  drawn,  and  quartered, 
July  1,  1681.     His  quarters  were  buried  in  the  churchyard  of  St. 
'^^  Giles's  in  the  Fields,  near  the  bodies  of  five  Jesuits,  who  were  a 
J^  little  before  executed  at  Tyburn.     His  remains  were  afterward 
.^  taken  up,  and  conveyed  tO  the  monastery  of  Benedictines,  at  Lands- 
prug,  in  Germany.  ■    .       . 


RICHARDUS  RUSSELLUS,  Portalegrensis  Eccle- 
siae  Episcopus.  71  Dudley  Anglus  f.  1679.  In  the 
habit  of  a  bishop  of  the  church  of  Heme. 

Richard  Ruasel,  a  native  of  Rutlandshire,  was  educated  in  the 
English  college  of  secular  priests  at  Lisbon.  He,  in  the  quality  of 
interpreter;' attended  Don  Francisco  de  Mello  to  England,  when 
be  came  to  negbtikte  the  marriage  betwixt  Charles  II.  and  the  in- 
fiinta.  ^He  wai,  upon'  his  retnru,  rewarded  with  the  bishopric  of 
Portalegro.  I  know,  not  what  pretensions  he  had  to  the  saintly 
character,  but  Dod  speaking  of  him,  says,  **  I  find,  in  a  letter 
written  by  Dr.  Godden  into  England,  that  during  the  ceremony  of 
his  consecration,  a  dove  was  seen  to  come  in  at  the  window,  and 
hover  partly  over  his  head,  which. the  doctor  leaves  to  his  corre- 
spondent to  speculate  upon."    Bishop  Russel  was  living  in  1688. 

H.  BRADY ;  a  head  in  an  ovalj  with  a  small  peaked 
beard;  Quirinus  Boel  del.  8gf.  Lovanii;  h.  sh.  Round 
the  oval  is  this  i^iscription  :   ''  Adm.  Rev.  illustri  claris- 

•  Sec  "  Athcn.  Oxon."  i.  221.  t  Burnet,  ii.  502. 


92  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTOl 

simoq ;  D,  D.  H.  Brady,  Equiti,  Prothon. 
J.  U.  D.  et  Prof,  insig.  Eccles.S.  Petri,  Lovan 
Colle.  S.  AnoEE  Pr^esidi,  Natio.  Hib.  D.  co." 

This  distich,  which  was  part  of  the  epigram  oirt^e  f 
to  inlimate  that  he  puUished  a  book  of  canon  li 
"  0  quBnuiiaJuru  lliMaurum,  Itclet,  IwbcrH 
Si  acini  pisHr  jui  ilare  cuique  «iiam-" 


H.  Brady,  &c.     W.  Rickai^son. 


I 


P.  Fr.  BONAVENTURA  BARO,^ 
^t.  52.    B.  Schraman  del.     W.  KiUan  si.   A 
an  ornamented  frontispiece  to  a  book,  dated  166 
represented  in  a  cordelier's  habit ;  h.  sh. 

BoniiTeiiture  Baron  was  a  native  of  Clonmell,  in  thi 
Tippemry,  in  Ireland.  Luke  Wadding,  his  uncle,  a 
friar  of  the  order  of  St,  Francis,  of  which  he  wrote  ai 
Buperintenderi  his  education,  and  was  the  occasion  of 
the  habit  of  the  same  order.  He  lived  about  sixty  yean 
where  he  was  for  a  considerable  lime  pnelector  of  divi 
died  very  old  and  blind,  March  18,  1696.  He  was  m 
very  good  Latin  style,  and  was  a  voluminons  writer  in 
guage.  His  capital  worli  was  his  "  Theologia,"  in  ai) 
He  also  wrote  three  books  of  Latin  poetry.  See  a  list  ol 
in  Sir  James  Ware's  "  Writers  of  Ireland,"  p.  253. 

P.  JOANNES  YONGUS,  Hibernus,  I 
Jesu,  Ob.  Romae,  13  Julii,  1664,  ^t.  75  ;  12j 

P.  Joannes  Yongus,  &c.    W.  Richardson 


THOMAS    PICKERING,    ordinis  S".  H 
Monachua ;  passiis   Lond.    9    Mali,    1679,  I 

Thomas  Pickering,  Sec.    H.Cooksc.  8 


M 


.    s. 


".;*■  ■  ■ 

■    ■.•--■    -  .1;- 


OF    ENGLAND.  93 

Thomas  Pickering  lost  his  life  on  the  deposition  of  Titus  Oatei, 
ivho  swore  that  he  and  Grove  were  the  persons  who  undertook  to 
assassinate  the  king.  Some  of  his  letters,  which  were  produced  in 
court  against  him,  contained  ambiguous  expressions  that  really 
proved  nothing  at  all ;  but  were  thought  to  prove  a  great  deal,  when 
the  minds  of  men  were  strongly  prepossessed,  and  people  of  all 
ranks  throughout  the  kingdom,  talked  and  dreamed  of  nothing  but 
popish  plots, 

/•  THOMAS  HARCOTTUS,*  Societatis  Jesu  R.  P. 
praep-.per  Angliam  provincialis.  Fidei.  odio  suspen- 
sus  et  dissectus,  ad  Tiboum  prope  Londinum,  H  Junii^ 
1679."  Martin  Bouche  sc.  Antverpia.  A  halter  about 
his  necky  and  a  knife  stuck  in  his  breast ; '  \2mo. 

Thomas  Harcouet  ;  in  the  print  with  Titus  Oates 
in  the  pillory ,  Sgc. 

Thomas  Harcourt  was  hanged,  drawn,  and  quartered  at  Tyburn, 
together  with  four  other  Jesuits ;   namely,  Whitebread,  Fenwick, 
Gavan,t  and  Turner,  for  conspiring  the  death  of  the  king.     Oates, 
Bedloe,  and  Dugdale,  were  evidences  against  them.     Dugdale  de- 
posed, that  he  had  seen  no  less  than  a  hundred  letters  relative  to  the 
projected  assassination ;  which  circumstance  alone  was  sufficient  to 
invalidate  his  whole  evidence.   He  also  deposed,  that  Harcourt  wrote 
an  account  of  the  death  of  Sir  Edmundbury  Godfrey,  the  same  night 
in  which  he  was  murdered,  to  one  Ewers  in  Staffordshire.    Though 
Oates's  evidence,  like  that  of  Dugdale,  was  not  absolutely  incredible 
m  itself,  it  was  contradicted  by  sixteen  witnesses  of  character  fronf 
St  Omer*s,  who  swore  that  he  was  at  that  place  himself  at  the  time 
tbe  pretended  consultation  of  the  Jesuits  was  held  in  London. 
Such  as  were  disposed  to  turn  evidences  against  the  Papists,  at  this 
juncture,  were  much  encouraged  by  the  Earl  of  Shaftesbury. 

JOHANNES  FENWICKUS,  Societatis  Jesu  Sa- 
cerdos,  R.  P.   Fidei   odio  suspensus  &  dissectus  ad 

*  Hnname  was  probably  pronoonced  Harcott 

t  GavaD  desired  that  his  innocence  might  be  proved  by  the  ordeal. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


Tiboum,  prope  Londinum,  20-30  Junii,  1679.  Msr\ 
Sauchesc.  Ant.  small  Hvo. 

John  Fenwick  ;  in  the  print  of  Titus  Oates  intk 
■pillory,  Sf'c. 

John  Fenwick,  whose  trae  name  was  Caldwell,  a  natiye  of  Ui( 

bishopric  of  Durham,  born  of  Prolcslant  parents,  who  turaed  hiin 
olFupon  his  conversion  to  the  Roman  Catholic  faitJi.  He  waseil''- 
cat«d  in  the  seminary  of  St.  Diner's;  entered  into  thesode^u 
the  age  of  twenty-eight,  1656;  and  was  sent  upon  tJie  Eagibt 
mission,  1675.  He  was  executed  in  the  51st  year  of  his  age.  Vide 
"  JVIemoirs  of  Missionary  Prtesta,"  by  Bishop  Clialoner. 


ojP 


GULIELMUS  WARINGUS,  Soc.  Jesu,  s 
&  dissectus  ad  Tibourn,  20-30  Junii,  1679. 
Bouche  sc.  small  8tw. 

William  Waring  ;  in  the  print  of  Titus 
the  pillory, 

William  Harcourt,  alias  Waring,  whose  true  name  was  BunWr 
a  native  of  Lancashire,  entered  into  the  society  att.be  age  of  twenty- 
three,  1632.  He  was  rector  in  London  at  the  time  of  his  apprehen- 
sion. He  was  executed  in  the  70th  year  of  his  age.  See  "  Memoirs 
of  Missionary  Priests," 

R.  P.  GULIELMUS  IRLANDUS,  Societatia  3m 
Sacerdos  ;  knife  in  his  hosam.     C.  Van  Mtrkn  sc. 

R.  P.  GuLiELMUS  Irdandus,  &c.  W.  Richardm. 

William  Ireland,  alias  Ironmonger,  was  born  in  LincoInshinLt' 
a  respectable  family.  His  uncle  was  killed  in  the  king's  serrfajc; 
and  his  y-elations,  tlie  Gifibrds  and  Pcndrells,  were  iustrument^io 
saving  King  Charles  the  Second  after  the  defeat  at  WorceBtir. 
He  was  educated  at  St.  Omer's,  and  entered  the  society  early,  in 
which  he  had  the  character  of  a  man  of  extraordinary  piety  and 
regularity,  and  wonderful  evenness  of  mind.  He  was  sent  upon 
the  English  mission,  nnd  was  apprehended  upon  the  first  breaking 


OP    ENGLAND.  96 

ut  of  Oates*s  plot,  and  was  executed  with  John  Grore  at  Tyburn, 
anuary  24,  1679.     See  **  Memoirs  of  Missionary  Priests.^' 


CHARLES  BAKER ;  with  a  knife  in  his  bosom j  <§*c. 
\n  the  print  of  Titus  Dates  in  the  pillory . 

Charles  Baker.    Ahvander  Voet  sc. 

.  Charles  Baker,  alias  David  Lewis,  was  bom  in  Monmouthshire 
in  1617,  and  brought  up  in  the  Protestant  religion  till  about  nine- 
teen years  of  age  ;  when  he  was  sent  by  his  uncle  to'  the  English 
edlege  at  Rome,  where  he  went  through  the  courses  of  his  studies, 
tsd  was  afterward  sent  upon  the  English  mission.  He  officiated 
in  South  Wales  for  one-and-thirty  years,  and  was  executed  at  Usk, 
in  Monmouthshire,  1679.    See  '^  Memoirs  of  Missionary  Priests.^' 


PHILIP  EVANS,  Jesuit.    Alexander  Voet  sc. 

Philip   Evans  ;  in  the  print  of  Titus  Oates  in  the 
Ihry,  (§-c. 

Philip  Evans  was  bom  in  Monmouthshire,  1645,  and  was 
ited  at  St.  Omer's.  After  finishing  his  studies  he  was  made 
It,  and  sent  upon  the  English  mission  1675.  South  Wales  was 
province  assigned  him ;  but  upon  his  refusing  the  oaths  he  was 
imjtted  to  Cardiff  gaol,  and  executed  1679,  iEt.  34,  with  Mr. 
Lloyd.     See  "  Memoirs  of  Missionary  Priests." 


JOHN  GAVEN,  Jesuit.    M.  Bouche. 

John  Gaven  ;  in  the  print  of  Titus  Oates  in  the 
liny,  S^c. 

John  Gavan,  or  Gawen,  born  in  London,  was  educated  at  St. 
r's ;  where,  for  his  candour  and  innocenqe,  he  wtis  called  the 
He  finished  his  studies  at  Liege  and  Rome,  and  was  then 
to  England.     He  was  executed  at  Tyburn  June  20th,  1679, 
I  Thomas  Whitebread,  William  Harcourt>  John  Fenwick,  and 
bony  Turner. 


L 


98  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY| 

ANTHONY  TURNER,  Jesuit.    C.  van  Met, 

Anthonf  Turn'er;  in  t/ie print  with  Titus 

in  the  pillori/,  S^x. 

AotLoDy  Turner,  a  native  of  Leicestershire,  and  a  ministei 
was  brought  up  in  the  university  of  Cambridge,  and  look  his 
of  bachelor  of  aiU;  but  being  converted  to  the  Catholic  ri 
went  to  Rome ;  where,  being  made  priest,  he  was  Bent  up 
mission,  and  resided  eliieOy  at  Worcester.  He  had  so  grea 
sire  of  suffering  for  his  faith,  that  at  the  breaking  out  of  the 
cution  he  went  to  London,  and  delivered  himself  up  to  a  jw 
peace,  acknowledging  that  he  was  a  priest  a.Dd  a  Jesuit.  I 
executed  with  Gavan  and  others,  at  Tybum,  June  20,  1679 

RICHARD  CARPENTER.  T.  Cross  sc.  I 
Before  his  "  Pragmatical  Jesuit,''''  a  comedi/,  pub 
after  the  resloration* 

Some  particulars  of  this  author's  personal  history  are 
found  in  his  strange  medley,  entitled,  ■'  Experience,  HisUV 
Divinity."  He  tells  us  in  his  book.t  in  which  he  speati 
great  freedom  of  the  corruptions  of  the  church  of  Rome,  d 
itAole  heart  was  never  converted  to  that  church  ;  and  we  U) 
that  it  was  never  A n/^' converted  to  the  church  of  England.— ! 
1  take  my  leave  of  Richard  Carpenter,  I  shall  present  thtl 
with  a  specimen  of  his  style  :  it  is  before  the  table  of  errat»,J 
end  of  the  book  above  mentioned.  "  I  humbly  desire  al 
hearted  and  right  spirited  people,  who  shall  reade  ihisj 
(which  because  the  presse  was  oppressed,  seems  to  have  be 
pressed,  when  it  was  by  little  and  little  impressed;  but' 
last,  hath  pressed  through  the  presse  into  the  publicke),  fits 
store  tt  by  correcting  these  errata,"  &c. — One  would  imi^ 
the  author,  during  his  residence  in  Spain,  had  been  par) 
conversant  with  books  of  chivalry.  This  specimen  is  txat 
piece  with  the  following,  which  was  taken  by  Cervantes  G 
of  the  Spanish  romances,  and  is  the  style  which  is  su|^ 

*  Jacob,  wbd  mentions  this  comedy,  tiaspiaceil  [h«  author  in  the  rergni' 


Ihomas  Carve    Iipperabiei 
,sis  NoTARivi  Apojtolicvs  Annosi 

4.  t>     b    (>  - 


[ 


*^^y^j>irM^.  ^™bS-.  ^u/ytXf^gA  by  -Wh-^ha.-.<l^.Q>t\UZl»mt^,^Mtfi» 


OP    ENGLAND.  97 

We  ttuned  Don  Qnixote'i  brain :  "  The  reason  of  your  unreaaon- 
lUe  ngage  of  vy  reason,  does  so  enfeeble  my  reason,  that  I  bm 
ttKOB  to  expostulate  irith  your  beauty,"  tie* 


THOMAS  CARVE;  8m.  scarce. 

TndMAs  Carve;  8vo.  W.  Richardson exp. 
Thauas  Carverbom  at  MobeniBD,'inlba  county  of  llppemy, 
Imt  Vacated  at  Oxford,  was  ^secular  priest,  and  apostolic  notary, 
lUd  bred  at  Vienna  during  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  wfaere  he  Ins 
owof  \be  vicars  choral  of  St.  Stephen's  churchy  the  caAedral  of 
fta^  dty.  In  his  earlier  yean  he  had  bieen  chaplain  to  a  regiment, 
'  travelled  through  many  parts  of  Gennany,  during  the  wftr  car- 
ui  t^e  by  GuBtanis  Adolphus,  of  which  ba  hath  given  * 
Bccoant,  as  well  as  of  the  places  he  saw  in  his  marches,  in  a 
entitled,  "  Itinciarium  R.  D.  Thomce  Carve  Tipperarieniis, 
Iboi  M^joris  in  fortissintft  juzta  et  NobiltssimEl  Legione  Strenuis- 
JDomini  Colonelli  D.  Walteri  Derereuic  sub.  sacr.  Cttsar, 
itate  StTpendia  Merentis;  cum  Hiitoria_/iiffi  Butferi, Gordon, 
IfiAey  et  Aliorui'j.    Moguntiffi,  1639;  l6mo," 

He  also  wrote,  "  Lyra  sire  Anacephalnoais  Hibemtcs,  de  Ex* 
«£»  eive  Otigine,  Nomine,  Moribus,  ritibnsq.  Gentis  HibenuJcee, 
itAai^^es  ejuadem  Hiberoite:  Mec  nso  res- gestw  pci  Eui<opam 
ibAnno  1148,  ad  Annum  1650;  Sultabftci  1666;  4ta.:  Editio 
Se:unda."  There  was  a  formef'editiba  «f  itin  IflQO^irhetf  be  was 
U  that  time  seventy  years  of  age. 

.  "  Galvtens,  sen  de  Momm  elegantia.Lib.  \%,  Noidliuine  1669." 
VIThat  else  h«  wrote  is  not  kjoown ;  qor-  bwo:  W  *»y  forther  ac- 
esonlB  of  him,  than .  that  he  .djed  at  ^nuR  1694)  in' the  74tb  year 
jsTbiaage. 

A  LAY-PREACHER. 

JOHN  BUNYAN.    Sturt  sc.    Before  his  "  Grace 

Abounding,"  S^c.  \2mo. 

*  MoHcaui  '■  Don  Quiiol«,"  p.  3, 


98  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

John  Bunyan.    Sturt  sc.    Before  his  "  Pilgrim^ 
Progress;''  Svo, 

John  Bunyan.    White  sc.  \2mo. 
John  BuNYAN.    Burnford  sc.  \2mo. 
John  Bunyan.    P.  Bouche  sc.  \2mo. 
John  Bunyan,  J5X.  67 ;  in  a  round. 

John  Bunyan  ;  another  etchings  large  4ta. 

John  Bunyan;  etched  by  Mr.  John  Holland,  tat 
of  Peter-house^  in  Cambridge,  from  a  drawing,,  sig^ 
posed  to  be  by  Faithorne,  in  the  possession  of  the  Reveren 
Mr.  Lort.  On  the  print  is  inscribed,  ^*  J.  K.  f.  17661 
4to., 

John  Bunyan;  mezz.  J.  Sadler,  1686.  R.  Horn 
ton  sc. 

John  Bunyan  ;  to  a  late  edition  of  his  Works. 

John  Bunyan,  a  well-known  preacher  and  writer,  of  Antinomtf 
principles,  was  son  of  a  tinker  in  Bedfordshire,  where  he  for  son 
time  followed  his  father's  occupation.  His  conversion,  as  he -I 
forms  us  himself,  began  in  the  early  part  of  his  life,  while'  he  w 
at  play  among  his  companions ;  when  he  was  suddenly  surprise 
with  a  voice  which  said  to  him,  "  Wilt  thou  leave  thy  sins  and  | 
to  heaven,  or  have  thy  sins  and  go  to  hell?"  Upon  which  he  lift 
up  his  eyes,  in  great  amazement,  towards  heaven,  whence  the  voi 
came,  tind  thought  he  saw  Christ  looking  down  upon  him.*  Tl 
had  a  great  effect  upon  his  mind  :  but  he  grew  far  more  serio 
upon  a  casual  conference  which  he  held  with  four  poor  women 
Bedford,  upon  the  subject  of  the  new  birth.  From  that  time  '. 
.applied  himself  diligently  to  reading  the  Scriptures,  and,.,  in  a  fi 
years,  became  a  preacher  and  writer  of  note.     He  was  long  cq 

•        •  ■  •  * 

*  This  is  the  substance  of  his  own  account,  in  his  "  Grace  Abounding/'  wb 
contauis  the  history  of  his  conversion,  and  many  other  particulars  of  his  life. 


QF    ENGLAND.  99 

fined  in  the  county  gaol  at  Bedford  for  holding  conventicles :  here 

be  spent  liis  time  in  preaching,  writing  books,  and  tagging  laces 

for  bis  support.*     After  his  enlargement,  he  travelled  into  many 

.parts  of  the  kingdom,  "  to  visit  and  confirm  the  brethren."    These 

visitations  procured  him  the  nick-name  of  Bishop  Bunyan.    When 

be  arrived  at  the  sixtieth  year  of  his  age,  which  was  the  period'  of 

bis  life,  he  had  written  books  equal  to  the  number  of  his  years : 

btit  as  inahy  of  these  are  on  similar  subjects,  they  are  very  much 

alike.     His  masterpiece  is  his  "  Pilgrim's  Progress,"  one  of  thje 

most  popular,  and,  I  may  add,  one  of  the  most  ingenious  books  in 

the  ^glish  language.f    The  works  of  Bunyan,  which  had  been 

loi^  printed  on  tobacco-paper,  by  Nicholas  Boddington  and  others, 

were,  in  1736  and  1737,  reprinted  in  two  decent  volumes  folio. 

They  are  now  come  forth  in  a  fairer  edition  than  ever,  with  the  re- 

cmnmendation  of  Mr.  George  Whitfield.^   Bunyan's  "  Pulpit  Bible" 

was  purchased  at  a  sale,  in  1814^  by  Mr.  Whi thread  for  twenty 

goineas.     See  the  next  reign. 


^The  "  RelatioD  of  his  Iroprisonmtent/' >&c  ivritten  by  himself,  was  first  pub- 
liabed  in  1765, 12mo. 

We  are  told/  that  the  library  of  this  copious  author,  during  his  confinement, 
vliich  was  upwards  of  twelve  years,  consisted  only  of  the  Bible 'and  the  Book  of 
^J*rtyrs.    See  the  "  life  of  Bunyan,"  at  the  end  of  his  "  Heavenly  Footman," 

t  Bunyan,  wbo  has  been  mentioned  among  the  least  and  lowest  of  our  writers, 

"Mi  even  ricKcoled  as  a  driveller  by  those  who  had  never  read  him,  deserves  a  much 

lie  h- 1  ^*^*f*  rank  than  is  commonly  imagined.  -  His  '*  Pilgrim's  Progress"  gives  us  a*  clear 

ij^  yy  I  ^  distinct  idea  of  Calvinistical  divinity.    The  aljegory  is  admirably  carried  >on, 

^  the  duuracters  justly  drawn,  and  uniformly  supported.^    The  authors  original 

,     .  ^  poetic  genius  shines  through  the  coarseness  and  vulgarity  of  his  language,  and 

^  rm  Minates^  that  if  he  hacl  been  a  master  of  numbers,  he  might  have  composed  a  poem 

oaei^  Worthy  o€  Spenser  himself.    As  this  opinion  may  be  deemed  paradoxical,  I  shril 

>artore  to  name  two  persons  of  eminence  of  the  same. sentiments;  one,- the  late 

Hig  f  ^.  Merrick,  of  Reading  ;||  the  other.  Dr.  Roberts,  now  fellow  of  Eton  College..  , 

t  We  have  perhaps  as  many  lay-preachers  in  the  kingdom  at  present,  as  there 

Xvere  doring  the  usurpation  of  Cromwell.    I  could  name  one,  incomparably  more 

lUileimte  llian  Bunyan,  who  was  actually  obliged  to  leave  his  native  place  for 

^  ^  rifciqp  Mwaling ;  but  has  since  climbed  over  the  fence  into  the  sheep-fold,  and-  is  now^  the 

leader  of  a  nomerdus  flock'.  •  Some  look  upon  this  man  as  a  thief  and  a  robber  in. 

every  sense  of  the  words;  but  others  consider  him  only  in  his  regenerate  state,  and 

irvere  him  as  a-  sain^ 


:% 


§  This  observation  is  not  to  be  extended  to  the  Second  Part. 

I  Mr.'  Merrick  bas  been  beafd'to  say,  in  conversation,  ^f hat  hb  invention  was  Hke 


100  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


CLASS   V. 

COMMONERS  IN  GREAT  EMPLOYME» 

EDVARDUS  NICOLAS,  &c.  Leiy  p.  Vert 
large  h.  sh. 

Sir  Edward  Nicholas,  secretary   of  state 
from   an   original  painting;    in    Lord   Clare^ 
''  History r 

Sir  Edward  Nicholas;  in  Simon's  "3& 
p.  29.* 

Sir  Edward  Nicholas,  secretary  of  sta 
King  Charles  I.  &  IL  Lely  pinx.  J.  Scott  feciL 
In  Evelyn's  "  Memoirs  y. 

Sir  Edward  Nicholas,  a  man  of  an  unblemished  characti 
highly  esteemed  for  his  virtues  by  all  that  knew  him,  was 
romoted  years  principal  secretary  of  state  and  privy-counsellor  to  Ch( 
S4S*  and  II.  Though  he  was,  from  long  experience  smd  unci 
industry,  well  qualified  for  the  secretary*8  office,  yet  this  o 
faithful  servant  was  dismissed  from  his  employment  by  1 
trigues  of  Mrs.  Palmer,  the  royal  mistress,  and  received  in  '. 
it  20,000/.  granted  him  by  the  kmg.f  He  was  succeeded 
Henry  Bennet,  who  was  afterwcu'd  created  earl  oi  Arlington, 
was  a  step  towards  the  disgrace  of  the  Lord*chancellor  Clar 
as  the  old  secretary  was  his  principal  friend,  and  the  new  ( 
inveterate  enemy.  Sir  Edward  Nicholas  was  father  to  Si 
Nicholas,  knight  of  the  Bath,  and  grandfather  to  Edwa 
cfaolajB,  esq.  who,  in  the  reign  of  Anne,  was  member  of  | 
ment  for  Shaftesbury,  in  Dorsetshire.]:  His  letters  from  the  ] 

*  His  effigies,  modelled  in  wax,  by  Ab.  Simon,  are  well  preserved ;  b  the 
tion  of  Charles  Compton,  esq.  a  relation  of  the  familj/    Vide  Simon's  "  M< 

t  He  resigned  the  seals  in  16dS. 

%  The  advowsons  t>f  the  churdies  of  Shaftesbury  were  the  pr^ierty  of  (bii 
(which  is  now  «xtiuct)  ever  since  the  latter  end  of  the  reign  of  Charles  I 


w    ^' 


Sim  W11.ZIAM  Momici:  .K^i^ 

Secretary  of  State  to  ICing  Charles  11° 


POF    ENGLAND. 

ind,  at  Caen,  are  in  Carto's  Cdllection  of 
,  from  l(i41  to  1660.     Ob.  1  Sept.  1669,  jEI.  77.     He  lies 
dftt  West  Horsley,  in  Surrey.     See  the  Interregnum. 

JAM  MORICE,  secretary  of  state,  Ac 
I  K.  1747.  //(  the  colkdion  of  Sir  William 
ilrt.    Ilhist.  Head. 

BLLIAM  MoRicE, knight.  W. Richardson  ctc. 

1  Morice,  who  was  aUied  to  General  Monok,  was,  for 
^t,  and  tlint  of  his  illustrious  kmsman,  preferred  to  the 
retary  of  state.  He  was  a  man  of  learning  and  good 
Et  was  not  completely  qualified  for  his  great  employ- 
nmew  but  little  of  foreign  languages,  anil  Jess  of  foreign' 
Eis  cvrrently  reported,  that  the  {reneral  told  the  king, 
I  Morice  was  well  qualified  for  the  secretary's 
Oiderstoott  the  French,  and  could  write  shorthand." 
/  probably  a  calumny,  as  it  Js  inconsistent  with  his 
It  is  certain  that  tlie  secretary  spoke  Latin  fluently, 
E,Iie  Dodemood  Greek,  and  that  be  acquitted  himself  during 
vse,a  years  that  be  continued  in  his  office*  without  reproach. 
Wu  aocceeded  by  Sir  John  Trevor.  Ob.  12  Dec.  1676.  He  was 
^(  of  «  book  entitled,  "  The  Common  Right  to  the  Lord's 
led,'.'  which  was  first  printed  in  quarto,  1651,  and 
1  fulio,  1660.  One  singularity  is  recorded  of  him,  "  That 
d  never  suffer  any  man  to  say  grace  in  his  own  house  be^ 
■  himself;  there,  he  said,  he  was  both  priest  and  ting." 


I 


OLINl 

m    JENKINS, 

eq. 

aur.   LL.  D.    &c. 

M.Ttier  p. 

Neomagi, 

1679. 

G. 

Vamler  Gw 

ckt  sc. 

B'23 

;  h.  sh. 

PLeolinus 

Jenkins, 

,  eq.  aur. 

H.  Quite/'  p. 

el  e.i-c. 

t.sh. 

mezz. 

more  in  ' 

.J  Brown. 

:  Willis 

,  esq.  whera  there  ii 

1  R  curioai 

,1  of  lliii  ancienl  barongh.     The  author  has 
T  of  the  luwni  in  DorselBhite.  ai  lie  wa>  botn  i 
■  He  re&i|ned  at  MkhaclniBs,  I66tl. 


■ 
1 

i 

J 


102  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Sir  Leoline  Jenkins;  in  the  ^*  Oa^ord  Alma' 
nack;'  1740. 

Sir  Leoline,  or  Lluellin  Jenkins,  who  was  bom  at  Llantrissentyii 
Glamorganshire,  was  the  son  of  an  honest,  plain  countryniaii)  wlun 
Mr.  John  Aubrey  says  he  knew.  As  his  father's  circuiasttticei 
were  but  narrow,  and  he  was  a  distant  relation  to  David  JenkiDi 
the  famous  Welsh  judge,  that  gentleman  contributed  something  to- 
wards his  education.  About  the  time  he  took  his  bachelor's  degiee^ 
Sir  John  Aubrey  sent  for  him  home  to  his  house  at  Uantrithied,  in 
Glamorganshire,  to  instruct  his  eldest  son  Lewis  in  grammar  learn- 
ing :  he  also  took  several  other  young  gentlemen  under  his  carei 
whom  he  taught  in  the  church-house  belonging  to  that  place,  fle 
went  to  Oxford  together  with  his  pupils,  and  afterward  traveltel 
with  Mr.  Lewis  Aubrey.  Upon  the  resignation  oF  Dr.  Frandi 
Mansell,  which  was  soon  after  the  restoration,  he  was~elected  prin- 
cipal of  Jesus  College.*  He  afterward  retired  to  London,  and  wu 
made  a  judge  of  the  admiralty,  and  of  the  prerogative  court  In  ■ 
1669,  he  was  sent  ambassador  to  France;  and,  in  1673,  was  sent  \ 
to  Cologn,  in  quality  of  plenipotentiary,  together  with  the  Bail  of 
Arlington  and  Sir  Joseph  Williamson.  In  1675,  he  was  appointed  ' 
a  plenipotentiary  at  Nimeguen,  together  with  Lord  Berkeley  and 
Sir  William  Temple;  and,  in  1680,  he  succeeded  Mr.  Henry 
26.  Coventry  in  the  office  of  secretary  of  state.  He  is  said  to  have 
preserved  the  leather  breeches  which  he  wore  to  Oxford,  as  a 
memorial  of  his  good  fortune  in  the  world.  Ob.  1  Sept.  1685*, 
^t,  62.  Several  particulars  in  the  above  account  are  taken  from 
a  MS.  of  Mr.  John  Aubrey*s  in  the  Ashmolean  Museum. 


SIR  CHARLES  LYTTELTON.  P.  W.  Tomkins  sc. 
In  Grammont.  From  an  original  picture  in  the  col- 
lection of  Lord  Westcote. 

Sir  Charles  Lyttleton  early  in  life  took  to  arms,  and  during  the 
civil  wars,  was  at  the  siege  of  Colchester :  after  the  surrender  of  the 
town,  he  escaped  into  France,  and  returned  in  the  year  1659,  and 
joined  Sir  Gieorge  Booth  against  Shrewsbury ;  but  miscarrying,  he 

*  He  gave  the  advowson  of  the  rectory  of  Kotlierfield  Peppard,  in  Ojifoidshire, 
to  that  college,  "  for  the  better  support  of  the  headship. 


OF   ENGLAND.  103 

was  taken  prisoner,  and  confined  in  the  Gatehouse,  Westminster. 

He  soon  obtained  his  liberty,  and  was  employed  by  his  majesty  on 

many  secret  and  important  services.     Lord  Clarendon  in  a  letter 

to. the  Duke  of  Ormond,  says,  "  he  is  worth  his  weight  in  gold." 

He  was  knighted  in  1662,  and  had  many  employments ;   was 

brigadier-general .  till  the  revolution,  when  he  resigned.     He  died 

at  Hayley  1 7 1 6,  uE^ .  87. 

SIR  RICHARD  FANSHAWE,  knight  and  ba- 
Tonet,  one  of  his  majesty's  most  honourable  privy 
council,  &c.  Faithorne  sc.  h.  sh.  This  print  was  en- 
graved as  a  frontispiece  for  the  Sermon  preached  at  his 
Rineral  by  Henry  Bagshaw,  M.  A.  student  of  Christ 
Churchy  Oxon. 

Sir  Richard  Fansh  AWE.  Lely  p.  E.  Harding  sc. 
In  Harding's  '*  Biographical  MirrouTy'  1793. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him,  by  Sir  P^r  Lely,  in  the  possession  of 
^mfti  Fanshawe,  esq. 

Sir  Richard  Fanshawe,  who  was  the  tenth  and  youngest  son  of 
Sir  Henry  Fanshawe,  of  Ware  Park,  in  Hertfordshire,  united,  in  an 
extraordinary  degree,  the  qualifications  of  the  gentleman,  the  scholar, 
and  the  statesman.  He  was  taken  early  into  the  service  of  Charles  I. 
who,  in  1635,  appointed  him  resident  to  the  court  of  Spain ;  and, 
in  the  last  year  of  his  reign,  made  him  treasurer  of  the  navy,  under 
tiie  command  of  Prince  Rupert.  He  was  secretary  of  state  to 
Charles  II.  during  his  residence  in  Scotland :  and  it  was  strongly 
e3q)ected .  that  he  would  have  been  preferred  to  the  same  o£Bee 
after  the  restoration:  but  he  was,  contrary  to  his  own  and  the 
general  expectation,  appointed  master  of  the  Requests.  He  was 
employed  in  several  important  embassies  in  this  reign ;  particularly 
in  negotiating  the  marriage  betwixt  the  king  and  the  infanta,  and 
putting  the  last  hand  to  a  peace  betwixt  the  kingdoms  of  Spain 
and  Portugal,  which  had  been  for  twenty-five  years  engaged  in  a 
rtunoos  war.*    He  was.  an  exact  critic  in  the  Latin  tongue,  spoke 

•  "  Biog.  Brit."  p.  1887. 

Hit  *•  Original  Letteraf  during  liis  Efnbassies  iit  Spain  and  Portagat/'  170t,  8iro. 
deserve  tlie  reader's  notice.  Some  mcmorabJe  passages  relating  to  him  and  Lord 
Fiuiilmwe,.of  Ware  Park,  ar(  In  Lloyd's  "  Memoirs,"  p«  684,  &c. 


104  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

I 

tkft  Spanish  widi  ease  and  propriety,  and  perfectly  understood  iim 
.  Italian.  The  politeness  of  his  manners,  and  the  integrity  oC  Ul 
Kfe,  did  not  only  procure  him  the  love  and  esteem  of  his  own  eeoki 
try  men,  hut  gained  him  unusual  favour  and  respect  in  Spain:; 
among  a  people  notorious  for  their  disregard  to  strangers,  asud  toe 
apt  to  overlook  all  merit  but  their  own.  He  died  at  Madrid^  Juni 
16,  1666.     See  more  of  him  among  the  poets. 

"  Dominus  GULIELMUS  TEMPLE,  eques  et  baro- 
nettus,  ser"'.  pot"^  Mag.  Britanniae  regis  ad  ord*.  fed*. 
Belgii  legatus  extr*.  et  apud  tractatus  pacis  tarn  Aquis- 
grani,  quam  Neomagi,  legaf .  mediaf .  ejusdem  ser^ 
regis  a  secretioribus  consiliis,  1670."  P.  Leli/  p* 
P.  Vandrebanc  sc.  large  h.  sh. 

Dominus  Gulielmus  Temple,  &c.  Lely  p.  Ver* 
tuesc.    Before  his  Works ;  foL 

Dominus  Gulielmus  Temple.  Lely  p.  R^Wkktset 
'    Dominus  Gulielmus  Temple  ;  \2mo. 

His  portrait  is  at  Lord  Palmerston's,  at  Sheene,  in  Surrey. 

Sir  William  Temple  was  descended  from  a  yoiinger  branch  of  t 
family  of  that  name,  seated  at  Temple  Hall,  in  Leicestershire.     Hi 
grandikther  was  secretary  to  the  unfortunate  Earl  of  Essex^  fli 
▼ourite  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  his  father  was  Sit  John  Tempk 
ttiaster  of  the  Rolls  in  Ireland.  He  was  as  much  above  thc.coraino 
level  of  politicians,  as  he  was  above  the  herd  of  authors*     He  da 
played  his  great  abilities  in  several  important  treaties^  and  negotii 
IttOtts,  the  most  considerable  of  which  was  the  bringing  to  a  hi^pp 
eonclnsion  the  famous  triple  league  betwixt  England^  Sweden,  ai 
Holland.^   This  alliance,  though  the  most  pru(knt  step  ever  take 
by  Charles  IL  was  soon  defeated  by  the  Qabal,  a  set  of  men  wl 
were  as  great  a  disgrace  to  their  country,  as  Sir  William  Tem]^ 
was  an  honour  to  it    He  was  strongly  solicited  to  go  over  ' 
Holland,  in  order  to  break  that  league  which  he  had  a  little  befo 
concluded:  but  he  was  too  much  a  patriot  to  yidd  to  any  solicit 


OF    ENGLAND.  10$ 

« 

tioof  ot  that  ..kind ;  ^d  chose  to  retire  into  the  country^  where 
}teyw  much  better  employed  in  writing  his  excellent  **  Observa- 
^1    tfons  on  the  United  Provinces,"  and  other  elegant  works.     See 
Class  IX. 


"  SIR  WILLIAM  DAVIDSON,  kn*.  and  baronet ; 
one  of  the  gentlemen  of  his  majesty's  most  honoural>le 
privy  council ;  conservitor  and  resident  of  his  majesty's 
most  ancient  kins:dom  of  Scotland .  in  the  seventeen 

{provinces ;  his  majesty's  sole  commissioner  for  Eng- 
and  and  Ireland  in  the  city  of  Amsterdam  ;'*  &c.   ^. 
48,  1664.    Chr.  Hagens  del.  et  sc.    In  his  own  hair.   ' 

This  portrait  is  engraved  in  the  st^le'of,  and  as  a  companion 
to,  Francis  Delaboe  Sylvius,  by  C.  V.  Dalen,  jun. 

SIR  DUDLEY  NORTH,  commissioner  of  the  trea- 
sury to  King  Charles  the  Second.  G.  Vertue  sc. 
Frontispiece  to  his  "  Life"  by  the  Hon.  Roger  North, 
1742 ;  Ato. 

Sir  Dudley  North,  brother  to  the  Lord-keeper  Guildford,  was 
tbird  son  of  the  second  Dudley,  lord  North,  baron  of  Kirtling. 
He  was  bound  apprentice  to  a  Turkey  merchant  in  London,' who 
sent  him  on  a  trading  voyage  to  Russia,  and  several  other  countries ; 
at  the  conclusion  of  which  he  was  appointed  to  reside  as  factor 
in  the  Turkey  trade  at  Smyrna.     He  afterward  removed  to  Con- 
stantinople, where  he  had  the  chief  management  of  the  English 
&ctory.     He   continued  here  many  years,  became  a   complete 
master  of  the  Turkish  language,  and  had  a  perfect  insight  into 
the  manners,  customs,   and  jurisprudence  of  the   country.     He 
knew  the  forms  of  their  courts  of  justice,  in  which  he  is  said  to  have 
tried  no  less  than  ^se  hundred  causes.*     He  committed  many  of 
his  observations  to  writing,  during  his  residence  in  Turkey,  which 
aye  printed  in  Mr.  Roger  North's  account  of  his  Life.    He,  with 
the  assistance  of  a  mathematician,  made  a  plan  of  Constantinople ; 
)mt  it  was  never  completely  finished.   Upon  his  return  to  England, 

^  **  Life,"  by  Roger  North,  esq. 
VOL.  V.  P 


106  BIOGRAPHICAL    HrSTORY 

he  settled  as  a  merchant  in  London.  He  was  aftenrard  wntk 
director  of  the  African  company,  a  commissioner  of  the  €astclii% 
mnd  alto  of  the  treasury.  After  Ins  retirement  firom  busiiieBi^  lie 
amused  himself  with  mechanics^  for  which  he  had  a  particnlir 
genius.    He  was  knighted  Feb.  I3th,  1682-3.    Ob.  31  Dec.  1691. 

JOHN  HERVEY,  esq.  &c.  Lefy  p.  R.  Tomsan  exc. 
h.  s/i.  mezz. 

In  the  print  are  two  pieces  of  antique  sculpture,  of  whidi  he 
seems  to  have  been  an  admirer. 

John  Hervey,  eldest  son  of  Sir  William  Hervey^  of  Ickworth,  iir    ' 
Suffolk,  was  highly  esteemed  by  some  of  the  roMt  iDgemovaand 
respectable  persons  of  his  time,  for  his  agreeable  and  pcrfite  accooh 
plishments.    He,  in  the  late  reign^  exerted  himself  in  pa^amenl 
on  the  side  of  the  prerogative,  and  bore  arms  for  Charles  I.  ftr 
which  he  was  forced  to  compound  for  his  estate.     He  was,  in  this 
reign,^  treasurer  and  receiver- general  to  the  queen^  and  one  of- the 
leading  members  of  the  House  of  Commons.  He  i»»  or  ought  to  ber 
well  known  to  the  worlds  as  the  friend  and  patron  of  Cowley.  Hi^ 
following  story  is  told  of  him  by  Bishop  Burnet:*   **  He  was  one 
whom  the  kiag  loved  personally ;  and  yet,  upon  a  great  occasiQB^ 
be  voted  against  that  which  the  king  desired.     So  the  king  dhid 
liim  severely  for  it.     Next  day,  another  important  question  foiling    i 
in,  he  voted  as  the  king  would  have  him.  *  So  the  king  took  notice  J 
of  k  at  night,  and  said,  you  were  not  against  me  to-day.    He  an-  I 
swered,^  No,  Sir,  I  wa^  against  my  conscience  to-day.    This  wis    | 
so  gravely  delivered  that  the  king  seemed  pleased  with,  it;  and  it 
was  muck  talked  of.*'    He  died  without  issue,  Jan.  18,  1679,  and 
was  succeeded  in  his  estate  by  his  brother  Thomas^  who  was  fathei 
of  the  first  earl  of  BristoL 

SIR  RALPH  CLARE;  an  etching;  in  Na»Ht 
"  Worcestershire;^'  from  an  original  picture  in  tk 
possession  of  the  late  Francis  Clare,  esq.  ofCaldmll. 

Sir  Ralph  Clare,,  eldest  son  to  Sir  Francis  Clare,  of  Wofoestar" 
shire^  servant  to  Prin^  Henry,  knight  of  the  Bath  at  the  edronatioa 

•  •*  Ilbt.  of  hii  own  Time,"  i.  p.  38S. 


OF    ENGLAND.  107 

)f Charles  !•  i^hom  be  atteBded  thfbugh  all  his  various  fortunes; 
MiYant  to  Charles  II.  both  in  his  banishment  and  at  his  return* 
Died  1670,  Mt.  84*    See  Nash's  "  Worcestershire,"  vol.  ii. 

SIR  WILLIAM  PORTMAN,  who  married  Sir 
John  Cutler's  daughter  ;  in  an  u>vaL 

Sir  William  Portman  ;  mezz.  W.  Ridiardson  exc. 

Sm  William  Portman.   Harding  sc. 

Sir  William  Portman,  who  was  the  last  of  the  family  of  that 
name,  seated  at  Orchard  Portman^  in  Somersetshire,  was  de- 
icended  from  Sir  John  Portman,  lord  chief-justice  of  the  Queen's 
Bench,  in  the  reign  of  Mary.*  He  was  member  of  parliament  for 
Taunton,  and  possessed  an  ample  £[>rtune ;  a  great  part  of  which 
formerly  belonged  to  -the  Orchards^  of  Orchard,  and  devolved  by 
heirship  to  the  Portmans.  This  gentleman  purcliased  Brianstone, 
near  Blandford,  ncm  one  of  the  finest  seats  in  Dorsetshire^  of  the 
ftmily  of  Rogers,  which  he  left,  together  with  the  rest  of  his  estate, 
4o  bis  nephew,  Henry  Seymour,  esq.  fifth  son  of  Sir  Edward  Sey* 
mour,  of  Bury  Pomeroy,  who  took  the  name  of  Portman. 

* 

ANDREW  JVIARVELL,  &c.  drawn  and  etched  by 
J.  B.  Cipriani,  a  Florentine,  from  a  portrait  painted  in 
the  year  1660,  lately  in  the  possession  of  Thomas  HolUs^ 
^/Lincoln's  Inn,  F.  R.  and  A.  S.  S.  L  sL 

Andrew  Marvell.  J.  B^sire;  prefi.vtd  to  his 
^'Worhs;\mQi  Ate. 

■  • 

Andrew  Marvell.   Thane* 

'^Mr.  Nettleton,  governor  of  the  Russia  company,  has  an  original 
y^traft  oif  MarvdL 

Andrew  MacveQ,  t  merry,  yet  aii  indignant  salirist,  an  able 
statesmftby  arndf  aii  undoirupt  patriot,  was  chosen 'member  of  pArlia- 

•  •  •  •  ■ 

*  Lloyd,  m  4t]s  life  ^f  (hui eminent  lawyer,  says,  that  he  coutd  not  find  tbe  origtiuil 
4d  Us  family,  h  wM'sq  wdent.    S«c  bn  *'  Worthies."  * 


106  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

ment  for  Kingston-upon-Hull,  before  and  after  the  restoration. 
The  people  of  that  place,  who  honoured  his  abilities,  but  pitied  his 
poverty,  raised  a  contribution  for  his  support.  This  "was,  probably^  , 
the  last  borough  in  England  that  paid  a  representative.  As  even 
trivial  anecdotes  of  so  ingenious  and  so  honest  a  man  are  worth 
preserving,  I  shall  subjoin  the  following,  taken  from  a  manuscript 
of  Mr.  John  Aubrey,  who  personally  knew  him :  "  He  was  of  a 
middling  stature,  pretty  strong  set,  roundish-faced,  cherry-cheeked, 
hazel-eyed,  brown.haired.*  Hfe  was,  in  his  cbnversation,  very  modest, 
and  of  very  few  words.  He  was  wont  to  say,  he  would  not  drink 
high  or  freely  with  any  one,  with  whom  he  would  not  trust  his  life." 
See  more  of  him.  Class  IX. 


SIR  JOHN  PERCEVAL,  bart.  (7th  of  that  name) 
register  of  the  Court  of  Claims ;  one  of  the  council  of 
trade  ;  one  of  the  most  honourable  privy  council  to 
King  Charles  II.  and  knight  of  the  shire  for  the 
county  of  Cork,  in  Ireland;  born  1629,  Ob.  1665. 
Fabei^  f.  17  43 ;  8vo.  mezz.  Engraved  for  the  ''His* 
tory  of  the  House  of  Yvery '' 

Sir  John  Perceval,  bart.  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Philip,  found  himself 
in  embarrassed  circumstances  upon  the  decease  of  his  father ;  but, 
by  prudent  management,  by  paying  court  to  Lenthall,  and  especially 
Oljyer  and  Henry  Cromwell,  he  soon  became  possessed  of  an  easy 
and  affluent  fortune.  He  was  the  only  person  whpm  the  latter 
knighted  during  his  lieutenancy  in  Ireland.  No  man,  perhaps,-  wai 
more  worthy  of  this  distinction,  as  he  was  perfectly  versed  in  the 
affairs  of  that  country,  and  a  most  useful  instrument  in  the  settle- 
ment of  it,  after  the  ravages  and  confusion  of  the  civil  wftr.  It  was 
by  his  advice,  that  the  resolution  was  taken  of  transplanting  tho 
Papists  into  the  province  of  Connaught,  *'  when  worse  measiires 
were  projected."*  But,  it  must  be  owned,  that  this  expedient, 
however  salutary  or  necessary  it  might  then  appear,  seems  to  us, 
who  view  it  at  a  distance,  extremely  rigproi^  axid  oppressive.  He 
wasj  soon  after  the  restoration,  sworn  pf  the  privy  coqncil,  jbiu^ 
created  a  l)aronet ;  and,  in  1662,  appointed  register  of  the  Court  oi 

•  Lodge's  "  Peerage,"  ii.  160^  .   * 


OF  ENGLAND.  109 

i^Udms,  and  ihe  Court  of  Words,  which  was  erected  in  Ireland  in 
[i^voor  of  his  family^  but  shortly  after  abolished  by  parliament.  He 
married  Catharine,  daughter  of  Robert  Southwell,  of  Kingsale,  esq. 
a  lady  of  singular  merit.  See  more  of  him  in  the  '*  History  of  the 
House  of  Yvery,"  and  in  Lodge's  **  Peerage  of  Ireland." 


SIR  RICHARD  WILLIS.    Cooper  sc.  4to.    From 
u  drawing  in  the  King's  "  Clarendon.'^ 

Sir  Richard  Willis,  a  gentleman  of  good  parts  and  courage,  and 
a  very  good  officer,  had  long  served  in  the  royal  army  under 
Clmrles  1.  and  was  by  him  made  governor  of  Newark.  On  the  . 
min  of  the  king's  afiairs,  he  reconciled  himself  to  Cromwell,  by 
disclosing  the  secrets  of  Charles  the  Second ;  by  whom  he  was 
intrasted  with  all  the  measures  taken  to  effect  his  restoration ;  yet 
in  so  wily  a  way  d4d  he  give  his  information,  that  though  he.di- 
Tolged  and  frustrated  the  schemes,  he  never  failed  to  screen  the 
parties.  It  was  Sir  Richard  Willis  that  discovered  to  Cromwell, 
that' the  Marquis  of  Oriiiond  was  in  London;  but  he  could  not  be 
induced  to  disclose  where  his  lodging  was;  only. undertaking  that 
his  journey  should  be  ineffectual,  and  that  he  should  speedily  re^ 
turn  to  the'continent,  and  then  they  might  take  him  if  they  could ; 
but  to  effect  which  he  would  not  contribute.  He  received  a  large 
pension  from  the  Protector,  and  continually  gave  Thurlow  intdK- 
geiice  bf  all  he  knew,  or  was  intrusted  with;  but  it  was  with  so 
gr^t  circumspection,  that  he  was  never  seen  in  his  presence.  In 
his  contract,  he  had  promised  to  make  such  discoveries,  as  should 
prevent  any  injury  to  the  state ;  but  that  he  would  never  endanger, 
any  man's  life,  nor  be  produced  to  give  evidence  against  any. 

After  the  death  of  Cromwell,  the  whole  of  his  treachery  was 
made  known  to  Charles  the  Second,  by  Mr.  Morland,  a  clerk  in 
Thurlow's  office;  but  it  was  only  by  the  production  of  his  letters 
the  king  could  be  induced  to  credit  the  information,  and  dismiss 
Willis  from  his  confidence.  • : .  . 


SIR  EDWARD  WALKER;  writi$ig  m  a  drum, 
with  fC^  Charles  I. 

In  the  first  impression  a  castle  is  to  the  left,  the  royal 


110  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

standard  on  the  right ;  a  large  tent  in  the  middle  neM 
-Sfr  E.  Walker.  ri 

Sir  Edward  Walker;  Svo.  J 


Sir  Edward  Walker  ;  writing  on  a  drum,  wiaj^ 
K.  Charles  I.  small  h.  sh.    B.  Reading  sc.  i 

Sir  Edward  Walker  was  origntaUy  in  the  service  of  TIu 
earl  of  Aniiidel»  and  was  by  bim  appointed  secretary  at  war  in 
expedition  into  Scotland  in  1639,  and  by  King  Cbarles  I*  m\ 
tAeik  extraordinary  of  tbe  priry  coimcil.     He  adbered  to  the 
in  all  his  misfbrtanes>  ion  whidi  fidelity  his  mi^esty  honoured' 
with  knighthood  in  the  city  of  Oxfoid,  1648;  and  Ac  nnheiAj 
e<»iferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  master  of  arts.    After  die  6s0 
of  his  royal  master,  he  attended  King  Charles  II.  on  die  <x>ntindbl 
and  was  by  him  made  garter  principal  king  of  anns.    His  idiifilitfi 
and  the  office  he  filled,  made  him  so  great  an  object  of  jeidoiM] 
that  he  had  spies  placed  over  hb  conduct,  and  was  considered  b 
the  Commumwealdi  *^  a  penicioas  man."    He  died  suddenly  i 
VThitehaU,  1676-7,  and  was  boried  in  the  chapel  of  the  file«M 
Virgitt  in  the  church  of  Stratford-upoa-Aroa,  bong  desenredl 
faamented  as  a  man  of  tried  integrity  and  considerable  abiEties.  B 
pid)lished  *^  Itor  Carolinam,'^  bebig  a  soccioiet  accomt  of  H 
marches,  retreats^  and  suflferings  of  hb  majesty  King  Chairiet ! 
from  January  10,  1641,  to  the  time  of  his  death,  1648.     B 
^  Mihlary  Biscoarses*^  was  printed  1705^  kXiOy  to  wludi  his  po 
trait  is  infixed. 


SIR  THOMAS  HERBERT,  bart  bom  in  Yod 
1605;  died  there^  1681.    From  a  picture  im  tke  fk 
session  of  F.  Smytk^  of  New6uil£ngy  esf.    Sbn^pem 
Jecit;  an  etckbtg. 

Sir  Thomas  Herb^s&t  ;  pr^krei  ta  ^  3^mmrs 
As  Two  last  Years  of  tke  Ke^  ofKmg  ObcriEsr  /J 

Sir  Thomas  Herbert,  who  was  related  to  W3fom,  eazi  of  Pte 
hfote>  wa&  3^t  by  thai  a^Mwavii.  m  im^  fe»  ttaiwl  iaia  Afim 


.•     .    OE    ENGLAND*  ill 

i^  &c*  His  nol^e  pa^a  dying  laddenly  80(»i  after  his  return, 
rtgain  went  abroad;  during,  which  time  the  civil  wars  commenced, 
id  Mr*  Heibert,  on  hisTetum  from  his  second  travels,  adhered  to 
le  side  of  the  parliament;  and  was,  through  the  interest  of  Philip, 
eft  of  Pembroke^  cqppQinted  one  of  the  commissioners  of  parlia- 
M»  and.  sent  by  th^m  to  the  king  at  Newcastle.  On  the  dis* 
hid  of  his  majesty's  servants,  Mr.  Herbert  was  chosen  by  the 
iag'ts  groom  of  the  bed-chamber,  and  was  employed  by  his  royal 
Mster  wi  several  confidential  services,  which  he  performed  to  the 
ItiM^  satisftu^tion  of  the  kiqg,.  whom  he  constantly  attended  till 
li^ieGntifllft  in  1648.  He  was  for  his  faithful  services  by  Charles 
f  tdvanoed  to  the  honour  of  knighthood  July  3,. 1660,  and  died 

f  He  published  his  Travels  into  Africa,  Asia,  &c.  and  also  left  in 
;ript,  **  Memoirs  of  the  Two  last  Years  of  the  Reign  of  King 
I.;"  anew  edition  of  which  was  published  by  Messrs.  Nieol, 
lall,  1813;  to  which  is  prefixed  his  portrait. 


SIR   EDMUND  TURNOR,  of  Stoke  -  Rochford, 
ndty  of  Lincoln,  knt.    Fittler  sc.  Ato. 

Sir  Edmund  Tumor  was  the  youngest  brother  of  Sir  Christopher 
imor,  baron  of  the  Exchequer  in  1660,  and  was  bom  at  Milton- 
Kiis,  in  Bedfordshire,  May  14,  1619.  In  politics  he  was  at* 
sihed  to  the  crown,  and  very  active  in  its  service.  When  Bristol 
«  taken  by  Prince  Rupert,  he  was  appointed  treasurer  and  pay- 
ister  to  the  garrison  there,  and  was  taken  prii^oner  at  the  battle 
Worcester,  1651,  being  then  a  captain  of  horse.  As  a  reward 
r  his  services,  he  was  to  have  been  a  knight  of  the  Royal  Oak ; 
t  that  order  not  being  established,  he  was  knighted 'in  1663, 
out  which  time  he  was  a  commissioner  of  the  Alienation  Office, 
rveyor-general  of  the  Out  Ports,  and  one  of  the  chief  farmers  of 
^  customs. 

In  1654  he  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Harrison,  of 
alb,  in  Herts,  knight,  by  whom  he  became  possessed  of  the  manor 
Stoke-Rochford,  in  Lincolnshire,  where  he  resided,  apd  served 
^  office  of  sheriff  of  the  county  in  1681.  He  died  April  4,  1707, 
.  the  88th  year  of  his  age ;  and  was  buried  in  the  chancel  of 
Mc^,  near  to  a  monument  which  he  had  erected  for  his  wife,  and 
ppart  for  himself,  during  his  lifetime. 


112 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


His  charity  and  public  spirit  were  exemplaryy  and  several  acttdf 
his  munificence  remain  the  lasting  monuments  of  his  fame.  JDmi 
Dei  Deo  was  his  favourite  niotto,  and  as  he  maintainied  thatpnih 
ciple  in  his  mind,  he  supported  it  in  his  practice.  In  respect  to  A) 
place  of  his  birth,  he  endowed  the  vicarage  of  Miltoh-Enkwik 
the  impropriate  tithes,  then  let  at  100/.  a  year;;  and  rebiult.lb 
vicarage-house  and  offices.  He  erected  an  hospital  for  .six 
persons;  and  endowed  it  with  lands  to  the  value  of  20/.<a. 
At  Stoke-Rochford  he  founded  another  hospital,. for  the  like 
ber  of  poor  persons ;  and  at  Wragby,  in  Lincolnshire,  where.l|| 
had  purchased  a  considerable  estate,  he  built  an  hospital,  aif. 
chapel,  settling  on  the  same  a  clear  annual  rent  of  lOOL.. 
these  evidences  of  his  munificence,  he  enlarged  the  revenuoi 
the  four  royal  hospitals  in  London,  by  giving  amongst  them  a 
in  exchequer  bills,  the  interest  of  which  amounted  to  200/.  a 
On  the  new  work-house  in  Bishopsgate-street  he  settled  37/.  15t. 
a  year. 

Dame  Margaret  Tumor,  his  wife,  died  July  30,  1679,  l 
issue  one  son,  John  Tumor,  esq.  who  married  Diana,  only  child  of 
Honourable  Algernon  Cecil,  son  of  William,  earl  of  SalisI 
and  one  daughter,  Elizabeth,  married  to  Sir  Justinian  IshaOi 
Lamport,  bart. 


WILLIAM  LENTHAL;   an  etching, -^  small  m 
E.  B.  Gulstom 

William  Lenthal  ;  quarto.    Paul. 

William  Lenthal;  ditto.  (Roberts.)    W.  Bk 
ardson  exc. 

William  Lenthal;  in  Simon^s  *^ MedalSj' fA\ 

William  Lenthal;    small  avaL    S.  Cooper 
Thomthwait  sc. 


William  Lenthal  ;  in  the  "  Oxford  Almamci 
1748. 


-   OF   ENGLAND.  il3 

. .  WiHiam  Lentha!,  bora  at  Henlej-upon-Thames,  in  the  comity  of 

Oxford,  1591,  became  a  commoner  of  Alban  HaU,  and  soon  after 

went  to  study  the  law  in  Lincoln's  Inn^  and  was  a  counsellor  of  note. 

In  1639  he  was  elected  burgess  for  the  corporation  of  Woodstock, 

in  Oxford^re,  to  serve  in  the  Long  Parliament,  and  was  chosen 

their  speaker.    When  Charles  I.  was  in  the  House  of  Commons,  in 

order  to  have  the  five  members  secured,  he  asked  the  speaker,  who 

.had  left  the  chair  and  stood  below,  whether  any  of  these  persons 

were  in  the  house  ?    The  speaker,  falling  on  his  knees,  prudently 

replied,  I  have,  sir,  neither  eyes  to  see,  nor  tongue  to  speak,  in 

this  place,  but  as  the  House  is  pleased  to  direct,  whose  servant  I  am ; 

and  I  humbly  ask  pardon  that  I  cannot  give  any  other  answer  to 

what  your  majesty  is  pleased  to  demand  of  me«     He  was  for  a 

tijae  master  of  the  Rolls,  and  had  other  places  of  great  trust  and 

emolument.  Ant.  Wood  says,  Oliver  Cromwell  once  made  a  sponge 

of,  and  squeezed  from  him  15,000/. :  he  certainly  turned  him  (and 

bis  tribe  the  Long  Parliament)  out  of  doors  in  1653.    Lenthal  was 

afterward  invited  by  the  army  to  sit  in  the  Rump  Parlisunent,  and 

chosen  their  speaker,  and  appointed  keeper  of  the  great  seal  for 

the  Commonwealth  of  England.     On  the  restoration,  he  retired 

with  vast  wealth  to  his  estate  at  Burford,  where  he  died  in  1662. 

With  some  difficulty,  it  is  said,  he  obtained  leave  to  kiss  the  king^s 

band  after  his  return  from  exile ;  and  he  is  reported  to  have  fallen 

backwards  as  he  was  kneeling,  from  the  consciousness  he  felt  at 

the  share  he  had  in  the  late  troubles. 


CLASS    VI. 

MEN  OF  THE  ROBE. 

EDWARD,  earl  of  Clarendon,  &c.  Lelyp.  R.White 

sc.  h.  sh. 

Edward,  earl  of  Clarendon,  &c.  Lely  p.  M.  Bur^ 
ghers  sc.  h.  sh. 

There  is  another,  by  Burghers^  in  %v(u 

VOL.  v.  Q 


1L4  BIOGRAPHICAL   HI8TORT 

Edward,  earl  of  ClarendoD,  &c    Ldjf  p.  G.  If. 
(G^rge  White)  sc.  large  8vo. 

Edward,  earl  of  Clarendon,  &c.  Zoustp.  Jaknr 
son  f.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Clarendon,  chancelier  d'Angleterre.  Zm$t  p. 
Picart  sc.  dires.  1724 ;  Ato. 

^*  Edvardus  Htde,  eqnes  anratus,  Clarendonis 
comes,  Comburiae  yicecomes,  baro  Hyde  de  Hinddn; 
summiis  Angliae,  nee  non  almae  Oxoniensis  academis 
cancellarius,  ac  saers  maj^.  regise  a  secretioribus  coor 
siliis."  Z>.  Loggan  ad  vivum  delin.  et  sc.  In  the 
second  edition  of  Sir  William  Dugdale*s  "  Origim 
JuridiciakSj'  1671 ;  fol. 

Edward  Hyde,  earl  of  Clarendon.     Bocquct  sc. 

In  "  Noble  Authors,''  by  Park;  1806. 
I' 

Edward  Hyde,  &c.  E.  Harding  sc. 

Edward  Hyde,  &c.    Gardiner. 

Edward  Hyde,  &c.  mezz.  R.  Dunkartony  1812; 
Ato. 

Edward  Hyde,  &c.    Lely  p.   E.  Harding  sc.  fol. 

Edward  Hype,  &c.  Lely  p.  V.  Gucht  sc.  From 
the  '^  History  of  the  Rebellion;"'  folio,  1 719;  pubMed 
in  Dublin. 

,    Edward  Hyde,  &c.  in  the  "  Oxford  AlmanacK 
1749. 

Edward  Hyde,  ^c.   Bouttats. 


/ 


OF   ENGLAND.  113 


TUne  is  a  portrait  6f  Yam  in  the  kmg  gallery  at  06rli«iiri[>iiry :  if 
9  dated  1660.  There  h  another  belonging  to  hk  fatiaily;  painted 
hf  Zonst.  Bai  the  best  picture,  and  the  truest  likeness  of  him,  is 
tte  which  was  painted  by  Sir  Petei^  Lely.    It  is  now  at  Amesbury^ 

The  virtue  of  the  Earl  of  Clarendon  was  of  too  stubborn  a  nattire  Promoted 
hr  the  age  of  Charles  II.     Could  he  baye  been  content  to  enslave  16^7^-8. 
millions^  he  might  have  been  more  a  monarch  than  that  unprincely 
Jwg.     Bat  he  did  not  only  look  upon  himself  as  the  guardian  of 
the  taWs  and  liberties  of  his  country,  but  had  also  a  pride  in  his 
ttatnre  that  was  above  vice ;  and  chose  rather  to  be  a  victim  him* 
sdi^  tban  to  sacrifice  his  integrity.     He  had  only  one  part  to  act^ 
which  was  that  of  an  honest  man.    His  (Bnemies  allowed  themselves         *  ■* 
a  much  greater  latitude  :  they  loaded  him  with  calumnies,  blamed 
him  even  for  their  own  errors  and  misconduct,  and  helped  to  ruin 
WiA  by  iuch  btiffodiieriei^  qb  he  despised,  .  He  was  a  much  greater, 
perVaps  a  happier  man,  alone  and  in  exile,  than  Charles  II.  upon 
liis  throne.     See  the  ninth  Class. 


ORLANDUS  BRIDGMAN,*  miles  ct  bardnettus, 
custos  magni  sigilli  Angliae.  W.  Faithorne  ad  vivum  so. 
In  Dugdales  "  Origines  Juridiciales,''  second  edition, 

1671. 

Orlandus  Bridgman,  &c.  R.  White  sc.  Before 
^u  ^^  Conveyances  r  foL 

Orlandus  Bridgman,  &c.    G.  Vander  Gucht  sc. 

k  sh. 

Sir  Orlando  Bridgman,  son  of  John  Bridfgman,  bishop  of  Chester,  Promoted 
was  a  man  of  good  natural  parts,  which  he  very  carefully  improved  ^"8*  ^» 
by  study  and  application.  He  was,  soon  after  the  restoration, 
made  lord  chief-baron  of  the  Exchequer  ;t  whence  he  was,  in  a  few 
months,  removed  to  the  Common  Pleas.  WJiiie  h0  presided  in  this 
court,  his  reputation  was  at  the  height :  then  '^  his  moderation  and 
e<}uity  were  such,  that  he  seemed  to  carry  a  chancery  in  his  breast."]: 

r 

*  The  name  is  often  enoneoosly  written  Bridgeman.  *  k      -     ■ 

t  He  was  lord  chief-baroQ  when  he  tried  the  regicides. 
t  Prince's  "  Worthies  of  DeVoii.' 


»> 


116  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Upon  his  receiving  the  great  seal,  his  reputation  began  to  dectine: 
he  was  timid  and  irresolute,  and  this  timidity  was  still  increasiii^ 
with  his  years.  His  judgment  was  not  equal  to  all  the  difficulties 
of  his  office.  In  nice  points,  he  was  too  much  inclined  to  dedde 
in  favour  of  both  parties ;  and  to  divide  what  each  claimant  looked 
upon  as  an  absolute  property.  His  lady,  a  woman  of  cunning  and 
intrigue,  was  too  apt  to  interfere  in  chancery  suits ;  and  his  sods, 
who  practised  under  him,  did  not  bear  the  fairest  characters.*  He 
was  desirous  of  a  union  with  Scotland,  and  a  comprehension  with 
the  dissenters ;  but  was  against  tolerating  popery.     He  is  said  to 

»▼.  17,   have  been  removed  from  his  office  for  refusing  to  affix  the  seal  10 

^'*        the  king's  declaration  for  liberty  of  conscience. 


ANTH.  ASHLEY  COOPER,  earl  of  Shaftesbury. 
Ldy  p.  Houbraken  sc.  In  the  collection  of  the  Earl  of 
Shaftesbury.   Illtist.  Head. 

Anthony,  earl  of  Shaftesbury.  Cooper  p.  Barm  sc, 
1744;  large  4fo. 

Anthony  Ashley  Cooper,  &c.  lord  high-chan- 
cellor 1673;  sitting.    Blooteling  sc.  sh.  scarce. 

Anthony,  earl  of  Shaftesbury,  &c.     R.  White  sc. 
large  h.  sh. 

'   Another  smaller,  by  the  same  hand. 

Anthony,  earl  of  Shaftesbury.     W.  Binneman  sc. 
h.  shr 

Anthony,   earl  of  Shaftesbury.    J.  GreenhillP'  ji 
E.  Lutterelf  4to.  mezz.  L 

Anthony,  earl  of  Shaftesbury;  before  his  ^^UfC) 
1683;  \2mo. 

♦  North's  "  Life  of  the  Lord-keeper  GuUdforf/*  p.  88,  iB9.  ■ -f 


-OF   ENGLAND.  IVI 

HONY,  earl  of  Shaftesbury;  natm  est  Jul.  1621 ; 
^  e^^  21  (22)  Jan.  1682-3;  Svo. 

HONY,  earl  of  Shaftesbury ;  mezz.    R.  Dun- 
;  Ato. 

HONY,  earl   of  Shaftesbury.     Birrell  sc.    In 
e  Authors,'' by  Park  ;  1806. 

reat  talents  of  the  Earl  of  Shaftesbury,  and  his  exact  know-  Promoted 
men  and  things,  contributed  to  render  him  one  of  the  first 
rs  of  his  age.  But  the  violence  of  his  passions,  and  the 
y  of  his  principles,  prompted  him  to  act  very  different,  and 
ntrary  parts.  This  was  in  some  measure  owing  to  the 
in  the  times  in  which  he  lived ;  but  is  more  to  be  attributed 
lutability  of  his  character,  which  ever  varied  with  the  in- 
f  his  ambition.  When  we  consider  him  as  sitting  in  the 
tribunal  in  the  kingdom,  explsdning  and  correcting  the 
tecting  fraud,  and  exerting  all  the  powers  of  his  eloquence 
ide  of  justice ;  we  admire  the  able  lawyer,  the  commanding 
ind  the  upright  judge.  But  when  he  enters  into  all  the 
IS  measures  of  the  Cabal,  when  he  prostitutes  his  eloquence 
.ve  his  country,  and  becomes  the  factious  leader  and  the 
incendiary;  we  regard  him  with  an  equal  mixture  of  horror 
ret.* 


NEAGE  FINCH,  baron  of  Daventry,  lord  high- 
jllor,  1676 ;  whole  length. 

ffEAGE  Finch,  earl  of  Nottingham^  &c.  lord 
bancellor,  &c.  1681.  Kneller  p.  R.  White  sc. 
h*  sh. 

>rEAGE  Finch,  earl  of  Nottingham ;  in  ^^  Noble 
rs;'  by  Park;  1806. 

e  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Gorhambury^ 

Head  Mr.  Locke,  who  differs  from  other  writers  in  his  character  t>f  hSm» 
that  the  good  of  bis  country  was  what  he  steer^  hit  coancils  and  Hctiotas 
igh  the  whole  course  of  his  life." 


118  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Promoted  ^  Htiti^age  Finch,  who  was  maide  tolkitor-g^neral  soon  after  tbe 
^673  ^'  f ^storation,  rose  by  regular  gradations  to  the  high  office  of  chan- 
cellor, for  which  he  was  eminently  qualified.  He  presided  in  the 
Chancery  when  the  whole  kingdom  was  divided  into  factions ;  but 
had  such  a  command  of  his  passions,  and  was  so  nice  in  his  con* 
duct,  that  he  always  appeared  to  be  of  no  faction  himself.  He  was' 
master  of  the  powers  of  elocution  in  a  very  high  decree ;  a  tf^nt 
extremely  dangerous  in  the  possession  of  a  dishonest  man«  Thi|; 
he  took  every  occasion  of  exerting :  but  it  was  only  to  enforce  and 
addtn,  never  to  weaken  or  disguise  the  truth.*  Sevei^  of  his 
speeches  are  in  print.     Ob.  18  Dec.  1682. 


FRANCIS,  lord  Guilford,  lord-keeper,  &c.    Loggafi 
del.  d  sc.  large  h.  sh. 

FjiANCis,  lord  Guilford,  &c.  Loggan  del.  Vertue  sc] 
4to.  Before  his  "  Life^''  by  the  Hon.  Roger  North. 

FiiANdis,  lord  Guilford  ;  9>va. 

Francis,  lord  Guilford,  &c.  Bocquet  sc   In  "  iVo- 
bte  Authors,'' by  Park;  \%0Q. 


*  It  woold  be  injurious  to  the  memory  of  this  consummate  lawyer  to  omit  the  foU 
)D#ing  charaotefj  or  to  give  it  m  any  other  words  than  those  of  the  ingemoDs 
author. 

'*  Sir  Heneage  Finch,  who  succeeded  (to  the  great  seal)  in  1673,  and  became 
Afterward  earl  of  Nottingham,  was  a  person  of  the  greatest  abilities  and  moiC  on- 
corrupted  integrity ;  a  thorough  master  and  zealous  defender  of  the  laws  and  cob^. 
9titttti«n  of  his  country;  and  endued  withii  pervading  genius  that  enabled  liim  to 
discover  and  to  pursue  the  true  spirit  of  justice,  notwithstanding  the  embaiTfts*- 
ments  raised  by  the  narrow  and  technical  notions  which  then  prevailed  iii  the 
cetlrts  of  law,  and  the  imperfect  ideas  of  redress  which  had  possessed  the  co&fls  of 
equity.  The  reason  and  necessities  of  mankind,  arising  from  the  great  ch^ge^in 
property,  by  the  extension  of  trade  and  the>  abolition  of  militavy  tentires,  co-operated 
in  establishing  bis  plan,  and  enabled  bim,  in  the  course  of  nine  years,  to  boild  a 
system  of  jurisprudence  and  jurisdiction  upon  wide  and  rational  foundations,  which 
have  also  been  extended  and  improved  by  many  great  men,  who  have  since  pre- 
sided in  Chancery  ^  and  from  that  time  to  this,  the  power  and  bu^moss  of  the  court 
)iave  increased  to  an  amazing  degree.*' — Blackstone^s  "  Commentaaries/'  book  UL 
chap,  ivf        . 


1 


OF  ENGLAND.  119 


J    FjiANCis,  lord  Giiilfard,  &c*    E.  Harding. 

"y     Tbere  is  a  portrait  of  him  atWroxton,  by  Riley,  which  Mr.  Wal. 
H  pole  says  is  capital  throughout. 

V  There  is  another  portrait  in  the  master's  lodge,  at  St.  John's 
I  CoU^,  in  Cambridge,  which  has  been  miscalled  Lord  Ashley. 
I  The  Honourable  Roger  North,  biogrs^her  to  the  family,  has  givek  Promoted 
M  a  minute  account  of  the  Lord-keeper  Guilford,  who  appears  to  ^'  ^^^^' 
hive  been  i|  man  of  parts  and  various  learning ;  but  did  not  shine 
with  superior  lustre  in  the  court  of  Chanpery.  He  enjoyeid  his  hi^ 
office  at  a  time  when  it  required  a  strong  head  and  a  steady  hand 
to  hold  the  balance  of  justice  even.  He  was  thought  to  be  too 
nach  inclined  to  favour  the  court ;  though  the  author  of  his  life 
tells  us,  that  he  was  sick  of  the  times,  and  that  this  sickness 
hastened  his  death;  which  happened  at  Wroxton,  Sept.  5,  1685. 
Re  was  succeeded  by  the  notorious  Jefieries,  who  was  a  sufficiaat 
contrast  to  his  character.  He  studied  history,  the  belles  lettres, 
ioatfaematics,  and  the  new  philosophy.  He  understood  music^  on  ' 
which  he  has  written  a  ^'  Philosophical  Essay."  He  performed  well 
on  the  bass  viol,  and  employed  a  musician  to  play  him  to  sleep. 
Aaother  singularity  was  told  of  him^  '^  that  he  rode  upon  a  rh&o- 
ceros,  which  was  carried  about  for  a  show :"  but  his  biographer  as-* 
Bures  us,  that  it  was  only  an  invidious  calumny.  This  gentleman 
Represents  him  as  very  eminent  in  his  profession ;  and  possibly, 
with  a  view  of  raising  him  the  higher,  has  endeavoured  to  degrade 
tiie  character  of  the  next  person,  but  has  not  succeeded  in  his 
attempt. 

;  SIR  MATTHEW  HALE,  lord  chief-justice  of  the 
King's  Bench.   M-  Wright  p.    G,  Virtue  sc.  1735 ; 

Matthjeus  Hale,  miles,  &c.  R.  White  sc.    A  roU 
in  his  r^ht  hand;  large  h.  sh.    A  copy  by  Van  Hove. 

Si]jt  Matthew  Hale;   large  h.  sh.  mezz.  copied 
from  White. 

MATTHiEUs  Hale,  miles^  &c.  Van  Hove  sc.  Slitting 
*  in  an  elbow-chair  ;  h.sh. 


120  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

Matth^bus  Hale,  &c.   Van  Hove  sc.  S^itig;M 

Matth^us  Hale,  &c.    Clarke  sc.  Sitting;  8w. 

Lord  Chief-justice  Hale  ;  small  Ato.  printed  viA 
the  "  Sum  of  Religion,'  in  a  large  half  sheet. 

Sir  Matthew  Hale.    T.  Trotter  sc.    In  Bkch 
stone's  "  Commentaries,''  by  Christian;  1793. 

Sir  Matthew  Hale;  oval;  stipled. 

Sir  Matthew  Hale;  mezz.  T.Jordan  ex.  i/& 
Golden  Lion,  Fleet-street. 

Sir  Matthew  Hale  ;  mezz.  large  Ato.    No  nM 
of  engraver. 

Sir  Matthew  Hale.    Mackensie  sc.  1805;  ^ 
oval. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  in  Guildhall,  by  Michael  Wright,  wl« 
painted  portraits  of  many  of  the  judges » 
romoted  This  excellent  person^  whose  learning  in  the. law  was  scai^ 
ay  18,  equalled,  and  never  exceeded;  was,  in  many  respects,  one  of  tN 
roost  perfect  characters  of  his  age;  Nor  was  his  knowledge  luniM 
to  his  own  profession :  he  was  far  from  inconsiderable  as  a  philp^ 
pher  and  a  divine.  He  was  as  good  and  amiable  lit  his  private,^^ 
was  great  and  venerable  in  his  public,  capacity.  His  decisions U| 
the  bench  were  frequently  a  learned  lecture  upon  the  point  of  Isfi 
and  such  was  his  reputation  for  integrity,  that  the  interested 
were  generally  satisfied  with  them,  though  they  happened  to 
against  themselves.  No  man  more  abhorred  the  chicane  of  Iv 
yers,  or  more  discountenanced  the  evil  arts  of  pleading.  He  ^ 
Very  conscientious,  that  the  jealousy  of  being  misled  by  his 
tions  made  him  perhaps  rather  partial  to  that  side  to  which  be 
least  inclined:     Though  he  was  a  man  of  true  humility,*  he  vras 

•  See  Baxter'*  "  Life/'  foU  part  iii.p.  17^ 


OF    ENGLAND.  121 

ioseosible  of  that  honest  praise  which  was  bestowed  on  him  by  the 
general  voice  of  mankind,  cmd  which  must  have  been  attended  with 
tfaat  telf-applause  which  is  the  natural  result  of  good  and  worthy 
actions.  The  pride,  which  deserves  to  be  called  by  a  softer  name, 
was  a  very  different  thing  from  vanity.  He  is  therefore  very  un- 
justly represented  as  a  vain  person  by  Mr.  Roger  North,  who,  by 
endeavouring  to  degrade  an  established  character,  has  only  degraded 
his  own.     Ob.  25  Dec  1676.* 


SIR  RICHARD  RAINSFORD,  lord  chief-justice 
of  the  King's  Bench,  &c.  W.  Claret  p.  R.  Tompson  arc. 
large  h.  sh.  fnezz. 

Sir  Richard  Rainsford,  who  was  but  a  secondary  character  in  his  Promoted 
profession,  had  the  disadvantage  of  succeeding  a  man  who  was  con-  ^^^^* 
fessedly  at  the  head  of  it.    His  merit,  eclipsed  by  the  superior  lustre 
of  his  predecessor,  appeared  to  be  much  less  than  it  was  in  reality. 
He  was  as  much  above  Sir  William  Scroggs,  his  successor,  in  point  Resigned 
of  integrity ,t   as  he  was  below  Sir  Matthew  Hale  in  point  of  ^*J>^^'^^ 
learning. 

SIR  FRANCIS  PEMBERTON,  lord  chief-justice 
of  England,  1681.  His  head  is  in  the  print  of  the 
Bishops'  Counsel. — See  the  next  reign. 

Sir  Francis  Pemberton  is  well  known  to  have  been  a  better  prac-  Promoted 
titioner  than  a  judge,  to  have  been  extremely  opinionated  of  his  abi-  ^P"  ^^' 
fides,  and  to  have  rather  made  than  declared  law.     The  Lord-keeper 

*  At  the  end  of  his  "  Life,"  subjoined  to  his  "  Conteraplations,"  &c.  8vo.  his 
printed  works  only  are  enoroerated ;  but  Bishop  Buniet,  author  of  that  "  Life,"  hath 
specified  all  his  manuscripts,  and  told  us  where  they  are  to  be  found.  See  the  sepa- 
rate edition  of  the  '*  life,"  1682. 

t  '•  I  have  read  somewhere,"^  says  Dr.  Swift,  «*  of  an  eastern  king,  who  put  a 
jodge  to  death  for  an  iniquitous  sentence,  and  ordered  his  hide  to  be  stuffed  into  a 
cushion,  and  placed  upon  the  tribunal,  for  the  son  to  sit  on,  who  was  preferred  to 
his  father's  office.  I  fancy  suoh  a  memorial  might  not  have  been  unuseful  to  a  son 
of  Sir  William  Scroggs;  and  that  both  he  and  his  successors  would  often  wriggle  in 
their  seats,  as  long  as  the  cushion  lasted." — Drapier's  **  Letters,"  No.  V. 


X  Probably  in  Latimer's  «  Sermons. 
VOL.   V.  R 


»> 


W  122 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


y 


Iford  said,  that  "  in  making  law,  he  had  outdone  king,  lords,  ' 
and  commons."'  The  Lord  Chief-justice  Saunders,  wbo  succeedei 
Sir  Francis  Pemberton,  was  too  extraordinary  a  person  to  bepamd 
over  in  lUence.  He  was  origiDally  a  strolling  beggar  iibwtdK  ' 
streets,  without  known  parents  or  relations.  He  came  often  10lN|  : 
(crapB  at  Clement's  Inu,  wher^  he  was  taken  notice  of  for  hsiOI- 
comroon  sprightliness ;  and  as  he  expressed  a  strong  inc]tnatiai*f) 
learn  to  write,  one  of  the  attorney's  clerks  taught  him,  aadlfl^ 
qualified  him  for  a  hackney  writer.  He  took  all  opportmutie^tf 
improving  himself  by  reading  such  books  as  he  borrowed  oC^ 
friends ;  and,  in  the  course  of  a  few  years,  became  an  able  aUOfbaiq 
ajid  a  very  eminent  counsel.  His  practice  in  the  court  of  Hl^ 
Bench  was  exceeded  by  none :  liis  art  and  cunning  were  eqolAjil 
his  knowledge  ;  and  he  carried  many  a  cause  by  laying  snares.  jlT 
he  was  detected,  he  was  never  out  of  countenance,  but  evade^'fte 
matter  with  a  jest,  which  he  had  always  at  hand.  He  waantddi 
employed  by  the  king,  against  the  city  of  London,  in  the  bnsiacit'^ 
the  qvn  warranto.  His  person  was  as  heavy  and  ungatn,  tx;}iHJ9C 
wax  alert  and  sprightly.  He  is  said  to  have  been  "  a  mere  InAvn 
morbid  flesh  :"  the  smell  of  him  was  so  offensive,  that  people  iwffin' 
held  their  noses  when  he  came  into  the  court.  One  of  his  jests  n 
this  occasion  was,  that  "  none  could  say  he  wanted  issue,  for  he  had 
no  less  than  nine  in  his  back."  See  more  of  him  in  North's  "Lift 
of  the  Lord-keeper  Guilford,"  p.  224,  225.+ 

SIR  GEORGE  JEFFERIES.    R.  Grave  sc.  Svo. 

Sir  George  .lefferies  succeeded  Sir  Edmund  Saunders  as  lord 
chief-justice  of  the  King's  Bench,  September  29,  1683.1      ,^f^: 


•  "  Life  of  the  Lwd-keeper  Gailford,"  p.  SS2. 

i  One  of  Ihe  daugbters  of  Sir  Francis  Pemberton  murieil  Dr.  William  Sta^j, 
dean  ofSt.Anpb,  tome  liiue  master  of  CorpuiCliristi  Calltga,  Cambridge,  aud  aii^ 
ofui  anonyttolu  liact  frf  particular  merit,  (MUIhI 'fSbe  7«i(li  aadPn^M^^ 
ChnrdiDfETigfandlifan.*'  Theedtlors' of  the  "  Bodleian  Catalogue"  haiealtiibiiteA 
"  TI.C  Romish  Horse-leech"  lo  the  same  author ;  bul  of  this  ^Ir.  Masters  speak* 

•J  doubtfullj.J     It  has  also,  with  citreiuc  probaliilitj,  bceu  aliribnted  toThomm 
Slavel«y,||  esq.  author  of  "  Tho  History  of  the  Cliurches  in  Eneland,"  which  was 
scarce,  and  has  lately  hceo  reprinted  by  T.  DaTiea,  with  ailvantf ge. 
of  tlie  Chancellors,"  p,  189. 


i  P.  1T& 


H  For  whom  Stanle' 


most  probably  mislaker 


n.ituk»i.v lit  -'-'-'" 


OP  ENGLAND.  123 

L'EstrangQ  and  the  pope,  together  with  Jeflferies  and  the  devil, 
were  burnt  in  effigy  by  the  populace  in  this  reign.     See  the  next 

JOHANNES  VAUGHAN,  miles,  capitalis  justicia- 
rius  de  Communi  Banco^  Anno  1674.  R.  White  sc. 
Before  his  '^Reports.'* 

Sir  John  Vaughan,  a  man  of  excellent  parts,  was  not  only  well  Promoted 
versed  in  all  the  knowledge  requisite  to  make  a  figure  in  his  pro-  ^^ 
feision,  but  was  also  a  very  considerable  master  of  the  politer  kinds 
of  learning.  He  maintained  a  strict  intimacy  with  the  famous 
Mr.  Selden,  who  was  one  of  the  few  that  had  a  thorough  esteem  for 
him.  His  behaviour  among  the  generality  of  his  acquaintances  was 
haughty,  supercilious^ and  overbearing:  hence  he  was  much  more  ad- 
mired than  beloved.  He  was,  in  his  heart,  an  enemy  to  monarchy ; 
but  was  never  engaged  in  open  hostility  against  Charles  I,  The  Earl 
of  Clarendon,  who  had  contracted  some  friendship  with  him  in  the 
early  part  of  his  life,  renewed  his  acquaintance  after  the  restoration, 
and  made  him  overtures  of  preferment :  but  these  he  waved,  on  a 
pretence  of  having  long  laid  aside  his  gown,  and  his  being  too  fkr 
Advanced  in  life.  He  afterward  struck  in  with  the  enemies  of  his 
friend  the  chancellor,  and  was  made  lord  chief-justice  of  the  Com- 
mon Pleas ;  an  office  which,  though  not  above  his  abilities,  was  per- 
haps superior  to  his  merit*  He  died  in  1674,  and  was  buried  in  tlie 
Temple- church,  as  near  aS  possible  to  the  remains  of  Mr.  Selden. 
His  "  Reports"  were  published  by  his  son  Edward. 

SIR  THOMAS  TWISDEN,  one  of  the  judges  of 
the  King's  Bench.    Ob.  1682 ;  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Shr  Thomas  Twisden  was  sent  to  the  Tower  by  Cromwell,  for 
pleading  in  defence  of  the  rights  of  the  city  of  London,  for  which  he 
was  retained  as  counsel.  He  was  made  a  judge  of  the  King's 
Bench  soon  after  the  restoration,  and  continued  in  that  office  about 
twenty  years ;  after  which  he  had  his  quietn-s.  He  was  created  a 
baronet  in  1666. 

SIR  THOMAS  JONES,  one  of  the  judges  of  the 
King's  Bench,    plaret  p.    Tompson  &rc.  h.sh.  mezz. 


124  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

Sir  Thomas  Jones  was  a  lawyer  of  some  eminence,  but  his  name 
very  rarely  occurs  in  the  histories  of  this  reign.*  We  oftener  meet 
with  that  of  Sir  William  Jones,  who  was  a  warm  advocate  for  the 
Exclusion  Bill.f  Sir  Thomas  Jones  was  member  of  parliament  for 
Shrewsbury.  On  the  29th  of  September,  1683,  he  was  made  lord 
chief-justice  of  the  Common  Pleas.  He  was  author  of  "  Reports 
of  Special  Cases  in  the  Courts  of  King^s  Bench  and  Common  Pleas, 
from  the  22d  to  the  36th  Year  of  the  Reign  of  King  Charles  II. 
1729;"  foL 

GALFRIDUS  PALMER,  miles  et  baronettus,  attor- 
natus  generalis  Car.  II.  regi.   P.  Lely  p.  R.  White  sc. 

Mr.  Cambridge  has  the  original  picture. 

Geoffry  Palmer,  a  lawyer  of  distinction  in  the  reigns  of  Charles 
the  First  and  Second,  was  son  of  Thomas  Palmer,  esq.  of  Carleton, 
in  Northamptonshire,  by  Catharine  Watson,  sister  to  the  first  Lord 
Rockingham.  He  was  representative  for  the  borough  of  Stamford, 
in  Lincolnshire,  in  the  Long  Parliament,  in  which  he  was  a  chief  ina- 
nager  of  the  evidence  against  the  Earl  of  Strafford.  He  afterward, 
from  principle,  adhered  to  the  royal  party,  with  which  he  was  a  fel- 
low-sufferer, having  been  imprisoned  in  the  Tower  by  Cromwell, 
who  dreaded  his  abilities,  under  a  pretence  of  his  plotting  with  the 
cavaliers.  Upon  the  restoration  of  Charles  H.  he  was  made  attor- 
ney-general and  chief-justice  of  Chester.  It  should  be  remembered 
to  his  honour,  that  he  was,  in  the  early  part  of  his  life,  one  of  the 
select  friends  of  Mr.  Edward  Hyde,  afterward  earl  of  Clarendoiir 
He  died  May  5,  1670,  aged  seventy-two  years. 

Sir  JOHN  HOSKINS  was  an  excellent  master  in  Chancery,  and 
a  man  of  an  irreproachable  character.     He  was  more  inclined  to  the 


*  The  curious  reader  may  see  a  passage  to  bis  credit  in  Sir  J.  Reiesbj's  "  Mi' 
moirs/'  8vo.  p.  233.  Sir  John  Dalryrople^  where  he  speaks  of  ITi'ng  James's  Tiii 
attempt  to  assert  the  dispensing  power,  mentions  the  following  passage.  Itii 
reported,  that  the  king  said  to  Jones,  "  He  should  have  twelve  judges  of  his  owi 
opinion ;"  and  that  Jones  answered,  "  Twelve  judges  you  may  ponibly  find,  sir; 
but  hardly  twelve  lawyers."  ^ 

t  See  Burnet,  vol.  i. 

t  "  Memoirs,*'  I  p.  153. 


1  c 

a-' 


OF   ENGLAND.  125 

study  of  the  new  philosophy,  than  to  follow  the  law ;  and  is  best 
known  to  the  world  as  a  virtuoso.     See  the  next  reign. 


"JOHANNES  KING,  eques  auratus,  serenissimo 
Carolo  2**  regi  legibus  Angliae  consultus :  illustrissimo 
Jacobo  duci  Eboracensi  advocatus  generalis ;  ac  etiam 
ex  honorabili  Interioris  Templi  communitate  socius. 
Ob.  29  Junii,  A^  Dom.  1677,  M.  38.  Corpus  in  aede 
Templonim  sepultum  jacet,*  quarto  die  Julii  anno 
praedicto,  ubi  mausoleum  erigitur,"  &c.  W.  Sherwin  sc. 
large  h.  sk. 

Sir  John  King,  a  finished  scholar,  an  accomplished  gentleman,  a 
modest  man,  and  a  pious  Christian,  was  educated  at  Queen's  Col- 
lege, in  Cambridge,  whence  he  removed  to  the  Inner  Temple.  He 
promised  to  make  a  more  considerable  figure  in  the  law  than  any 
man  of  his  age  and  standing,  and  was  greatly  countenanced  by 
Charles  II.  who  intended  him  for  a  rival  to  Sir  William  Jones  the 
attorney-general,  as  he  strenuously  opposed  all  the  measures  of  the 
court.  It  is  probable  that  he  would  soon  have  supplanted  him,  if 
he  had  not  been  prevented  by  death.  Such  was  his  reputation,  and 
so  extensive  his  practice,  that  in  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  his  fees 
amouiited  to  forty  and  fifty  pounds  a  day.f 

The  Honourable  ROGER  NORTH,  esq.  M.  circ. 
30.  P.  Lely  p.  1680.  G.  Vert ue  sc.  1740.  Before  his 
^^Examen,^'  Sgc.  1740  ;  large  4to. 

Roger  North,  esq.  son  of  Sir  Dudley  North,  and  a  near  relation 
of  the  Lord-keeper  Guilford,  with  whom  he  chiefly  spent  the  active 
part  of  his  life.  He  applied  himself  to  the  law,  and  was,  in  this  reign, 
a  counsellor  of  note,  and  in  the  next  attorney-general.  He  has  taken 
great  pains,  in  his  '*  Examen  into  the  Credit  and  Veracity  of  a  pre- 
tended Complete  History,"^:  to  vilify  that  work ;  and  has,  in  several 
instances,  contradicted  facts  founded  upon  authentic  records,  and 


•  Sic.  Orig.  t  Echard,  p.  936,  937. 

t  Dr.  White  Kenact's  '*  Complete  Hutory  of  England/* 


126  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

decried  or  extolled  the  characters  of  perwrns,  wbose  merit  or  de» 
merit  is  as  well  established  as  these  facts.  He  was  also  author  of 
the  Lives  of  Francis,  lord  Guildford,  lord-keeper ;  of  Sir  Dadlej 
North  ;  and  of  Dr.  John  North,  master  of  Trinity  College,  in  Cam- 
bridge. These  are  generally  bound  together  in  a  large  quarto%  He 
is  so  very  micapdid  in  his  character  of  Judge  Hale  as  to  bring  hb 
veracity  in  question  in  the  characters  of  others,  where. he  had,  pa^ 
haps,  a  much  stronger  temptation  to  deviate  from  the  truth. 


SIR  CHRISTOPHER  TURNOR.  Wright  jm. 
S.Harding  sc.  In  Harding's  ^^  Biographical  Mirrcuri^ 
from  the  original  in  Guildhall. 

Sir  Christopher  Tnrnor,  knight  (descended  from  the  Tumon  of 
Haverhill,  in  Suffolk),  was  bom  at  Milton-Emys,  in  Bedfordshirei 
1607.    After  his  school  education  was  completed,  he  was  admitted 
at  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge ;  from  thence  removed  to  the 
Middle  Temple,  and  was  called  to  the  bar  1633,  with  the  celebrated 
Earl  of  Clarendon.     During  the  time  of  anarchy  and  confusion,  \i 
is  said  to  have  laid  aside  the  gown  and  have  taken  up  the  sword  in 
support  of  the  crown.     He  became  a  bencher  of  the  Middle  Temple 
1654,  and  was  of  considerable  eminence  in  his  profession.    At  th£ 
restoration  he  was  made  serjeant-at-law,  and  constituted  a  baron 
of  the  Exchequer,  and  had  the  honour  of  knighthood  conferred  upon 
him,  1660.     He  sat  upon  the  trials  of  the  regicides^  and  was  ex- 
tremely cautious  in  the  execution  of  his  office,  in  matters  of  life  and 
death.     After  the  fire  of  London,  he  and  his  contemporaries  made 
an  oflFer  of  their  services  to  settle  the  differences  which  might  arise 
between  landlord  and  tenant,  in  rebuilding  the  city.     In  gratitude 
for  such  signal  services,  the  portraits  of  Sir  Christopher  and  the 
other  judges  were  painted,  and  placed  in  Guildhall.     Oh.  1675, 
Mt.  68. 


JOHN  COOK ;  a  small  head  in  the  frontispiece  to 
the  ^^LiveSy  Speeches^  and  private  Passages^  of  Persons 
lately  executed ;''  London,  1661;  ^vo. 

JoHl^  Cook  ;  in  an  oval;  9fV0. 


OF   ENGLAND.  127 

John  Cook,   solicitor-general.     R.  S.  Kirby  exc. 

Mr.  John  Cook  was  a  barrister  of  Gray's  Inn,  where  he  resided, 
and  was  in  considerable  practice,  when  appointed  to  the  office  of 
solicitor-general  by  that  power  that  dared  to  bring  Charles  the  First 
to  a  public  trial.     Some  writers  insinuate  it  was  more  through  po- 
verty than  principle  he  engaged  in  the  undertaking ;  but  whoerer 
^  look  to  the  manner  in  which  he  conducted  the  charge,  may  per- 
ceive he  was  no  way  behind  the  President  Bradshaw  in  acrimony 
^nst  the  unfortunate  monarch.     The  Rump  Parliament,  on  the 
lOth  of  January,  1648,  after  they  had  made  an  act  for  constituting  a 
Wgh  court  of  justice,  directed  an  order  to  Mr.  Cook,  together  with 
Mr.  Ask  and  Dr.  Dorislaus,  to  draw  up  a  charge  against  the  king. 
In  this  Mr.  Cook  was  most  particularly  active,  and  when  the  king  ap- 
peared in  court,  exhibited  the  following  charge :  "  That  he  the  said 
John  Cook,  by  protestation  (saving  on  behalf  of  the  people  of  Eng- 
lind  the  Uberty  of  exhibiting  at  any  time  hereafter  any  other  charge 
against  the  said  Charles  Stuart ;  and  also  of  replying  to  the  answers 
which  the  said  Charles  Stuart  shall  make  to  the  premises,  or  any  of 
them,  or  any  other  charge  that  be  so  exhibited),  doth  for  the  said 
treasons  and  crimes,  on  the  behalf  of  the  said  people  of  England, 
inpeach  the  said  Charles  Stuart  as  a  tyrant,  traitor,  murderer,  pub- 
lic and  imjplacable  enemy  to  the  Commonwealth  of  England,  and 
prayeth  that  the  said  Charles  Stuart,  king  of  England,  may  be  put 
to  answer  all  and  every  the  premises,  that  such  proceedings,  exami- 
nations, trials,  sentences,  and  judgment,  may  be  hereupon  had,  as 
shall  be  agreeable  to  justice ;  and  farther  prayed  justice  against 
Urn,  saying  the  blood  that  had  been  spilt  cried  for  it. 

On  the  king's  attempting  an  endeavour  to  shew  the  incompetency 
of  this  court  to  try  the  question,  he  was  ever  interrupted  by  Cook, 
who  complained  to  the  court  of  tlie  time  being  trifled  away,  and 
Dioved,  that  if  the  king  would  not  plead  to  the  things  complained  of 
in  the  charge,  judgment  might  be  taken  pro  confesso:  and  the  last  day 
demanded  judgment  of  the  court  against  the  prisoner  at  the  bar  (the 
title  he  gave  the  king),  upon  which  sentence  was  given  and  execu- 
"Ott  soon  after  fbllbwed.  So  little  appears  Mr.  Cook  to  have  had 
*^y  compunction  for  the  part  he  acted  in  the  trial,  that  he  shortly 
^r  wrote  a  book,  entitled,  "  Monarchy  no  Creature  of  God's 
^"^^JoDg ;"  in  which  he  states  "  that  the  late  king  was  the  fattest 
•^criiice  that  ever  was  ofiered  to  Queen  Justice." 


128 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


The  parliament,  to  reward  Mr-  Cook,  ordered  him,  as  the  thankB 
of  the  house,  300/.  pet  annum,  in  the  county  of  Waterford,  in  Ir 
land,  whither  tliey  Bent  him  likewise  in  quality  of  a  judge.  Hewi 
not  long  here  before  the  commiflsioncrs  for  government  in  Ireland 
made  choice  of  him  as  the  chief  judge  to  examine,  try,  and  pn 
sentence  upon  an  act  lately  passed  against  the  delinquents  (as  tliey 
were  termed),  those  who  had  been  found  guilty  of  assisting  the  late 
king  in  his  troubles.  He  continued  to  act  in  his  judicial  capacity  in 
Ireland,  until  the  restoration  of  Charles  the  Second,  when  he  v 
seized,  and  sent  prisoner  to  England,  in  order  to  take  his  trial  for 
high-treason.  During  the  time  he  remained  in  power,  it  was  hia 
practice  occasionally  to  preach  up  and  down  ibe  country, 
being  himself  an  Anabaptist,  he  particularly  favoured  all  of  tbst 
sect. 

Mr,  Cook,  after  remaining  Jn  confinement  four  months,  i 
brought  to  the  bar  of  the  Old  Bailey,  October  14,  1660  ;  and,  after 
a  trial  that  occupied  the  best  pari  of  the  day,  upon  the  clearest  eri- 
dence  as  to  his  preparing  and  drawing  the  charge  stated  ii 
dictment,  was  found  guilty. 

On  Tuesday,Oct.  16,  1660.  Mr.  Cook  was  drawn  upon  a  h 
from  Newgate  to  Charing- cross,  the  place  appointed  for  executioa 
and,  in  order  to  intimidate  and  disturb  his  thoughts,  the  disfigarei 
head  of  Major-genera!  Harrison  (who  had  been  executed  a  few  d«ji 
before)  was  placed,  with  the  bare  face  before  bim,  on  the  sledge; 
but,  notwithstanding  the  dismal  sight,  be  passed  rejoicingly  throng 
the  streets,  as  one  borne  up  by  that  spirit,  which  man  could  HI 
cast  down.  He  ascended  the  ladder  very  cheerfully,  and  told  th 
sheriff  that  as  for  himself  he  thanked  God  he  could  welcome  d 
but  as  for  Mr,  Peters  (who  was  to  die  with  him),  he  could  very  ff 
have  wished  that  he  might  be  reprieved  for  some  time,  for  that  iu 
was  neither  prepafed  nor  fit  to  die.  After  some  failher  observationi 
the  executioner  did  his  office,  and  being  quartered,  his  head  wau* 
dered  to  be  set  on  Westminster  Hall,  and  his  limbs  v 
the  gates  of  the  city  of  London. 


L 


FABIAN  PHILIPS  ;  fi-om  a  rnimalure.  G.  P. 
ing  sc.  4  to, 

Fabian  Philips  was  born  at  Prestbury,  in  Gloucestershire,  on  ih 
28th  of  September,  1601,  and  in  early  youth  passed  some  timeiit 


RICHAKD  LAIv'GHOKN.  Ixecuiedi. 

PubUiKd  J/ef.'/hUi  fy  J*ryfici,B^ea,  r-fiffiaur.  J!  Strand. 


OF    ENGLAND. 


129 


FAie  inns  afCltuicery,  aad  dience  removed  to  the  Middle 

iple,  where  lie  attained  a  great  knowledge  of  the  law.     Hit 

lEiptes  were  decidedly  royal ;  he  was  a  Btreauous  asserler  of  tlie 

1*8  preiogative,  add  so.zealous  Id  his  endeavours  to  eerve  the  un- 

s  Charles  I.  that  two  days  before  the  kiag  was  beheaded, 

I  in  defiance  of  the  daugers  to  which  such  a  conduct  exposed 

^  he  drew  up  a  protestation  against  the  "  intended  murder,'.'  and 

d  it  to  be  printed,  and  affixed  to  posts  in  all  the  public  places. 

EjMao  published,  in  1649,  a  pamphlet  entitled,  "  Veritas  Incmt- 

;.or,  King  Charles  I.  no  man  of  blood,  but  a  martyr  for  bis 

In  1653,  when  the  courts  of  justice  at  Westminster,  espe- 

fSie  Chancery,  were  voted  down  by  the  Long  Parliament,  he 

ished  hia  "  Considerations  against  the  dissolving  and  taking 

n.Bway  :"-  for  which  he  afterwaf-d  received  the  thanks  of  Lent- 

L  ^fe  former  speaker,  and  orte  Of  the  "  Keepen  of  the  liberties 

After.the  reatoratioti; of  Charles  U.  when  the  bill  for 

hiag  tenures  was  dependihg.  in"  parliament,  he  published  his 

wnda  non  ToUenda  i  or  the  necessity  of  preserving  Tenurfea 

pite,  and  by  Knight's  Service,  &c."  and  in  1663,  he  published 

ge  Antiquity,  Legality,  Reason,  Duty,  and  Necessity,  of  Prte- 

ind  Pourveyance  for  the  King."     Both  these  tracts  are  in 

b :  and  he  afterward  printed  many  other  pieces  on  subjects'of 

irkind.     He  likewise  assisted  Dr.  Bates  in  his  "Elfinehus 

'  especially  by  searching  the  offices  and  records  for  au- 

w  that  work.     His  passion  for  royal  prerogatire  was  far 

xiar  to  his  sagacity;  for  so  late  as  1681,  he  wrote  his  "Ursa 

t  Minor  ;  shewing  that  there  is  no  such  fear,  as  is  factiouslf 

ntded,  of  popery  and  arbitrary  power."    He  died  on  the  17th  of 

Hiber,  1690,  in  his  eighty-ninth  year,  and  was  buried  at  Twy- 

I  Middlesex.  .      ■ 

tor  some  time  Mr.  Philips  was  filacer  for  London,  Middlesex, 

"  Iridgeshire,  and  Huntingdonshire  ;  and  he  is  reputed  to  have 

t  (Considerable  sums  in  searching  records  and  writings,  and 

flflhing  in  favour  of  the  prerogative;  yet  the  only  advant^e  he 

iared  was  the  place  of  a  commissioner  for  regulating  the  law ; 

ii  200/.  per  annum,  but  which  only  existed  two  years. 


s.-  lUCHARD    LANGHORN,    (counsellor    at   law). 
E.'jjittprelf.Ato.mezz- 


130 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


Richard  Langiioun  ;  mezz.  W.  Richardjsofi ;  ilo. 
executed  14  July,  1G7&. 


Richard    Langhorn^  &c.   iw  Caulfield*s 
markable  Persons ;'  Svo.   - 


ii. 


Re- 


Richard  Langhorn,  a  Papist,  who  had  long  passed  for  a  Pro- 
testant, was  much  employed  by  the  Jesuits  in  the  management  of 
their  affiurs.  Though  he  was  said  to  be  of  a  fair  cbaracter  m  \k 
profession,  his  conduct,  on  some  occasions,  seems  to  bave  bees 
scifficiently  artful  and  Jesuitical.  A  little  before  the  restorsitiwi,  be 
engaged  a  half-witted  person  to  manage  elections  for  him  in  Kent; 
and  was  asked  by  Mr.  John  TiUotson,*  who  was  privy  to  the  secret, 
why  he  employed  so  weak  a  man  in  that  business*  He  verj  frankly 
told  him,  that  it  was  a  maxim  with  him  to  employ  mea  of  his  dia- 
racter ;  because,  if  such  agents  should  take  it  into  their  heads  ts 
turn  informers,  it  would  be  easy  to  invalidate  their  evidence,  by 
representing  them  as  madmen*  He  was  convicted,  upon  the  testi- 
mony of  Titus  Oates,  of  conspiring  the  death  of  the  king.  Dnnng 
his  trial,  and  at  the  place  of  execution,,  he  persisted  in  asserting  bii 
innocence ;  but  his  enemies  gave  Httle  or  no  credit  to  his  asseveia* 
tious.  It  was  even  said,,  that  prevarication  and  falsehood  for  tbt 
Catholic  cause^  was  not  only  allowed,  but  deemed  meritorioiis  bf 
the- church  of  Rome ;  and  that  a  man  who  dared  to  perjure  hioneif 
for  the  R Ornish  religion,,  was  esteemed  but  little  inferior,  in  point  of 
merit,  to  one  that  dared  to  die  for  it.  He  was  executed  the  14th 
of  July,  1679, 

"  RICHARD  GRAVES,  esq.  of  Mickteton,t  a 
bencher  and  reader  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  clerk  of  the  peace, 
and  receiver-general  for  the  county  of  Middlesex.  He 
had  t^o  wives,  by  whom  he  had  issue  nineteen  chil- 
dren; six  sons,  and  thirteen  daughters;  and  died  1669, 
aged  59."   G.  Vertuc  sc^  h.  sh.^ 


*  Afterward  archbishop  of  Canterbury.  See  Burnet's  "  llist.  of  bis  own  Tum/ 
L  p.  230. 

t  Near  Campden,  in  Gloucestershire. 

X  The  late  Mr.  Graves,  a  clergyman,  who  wrote  "  The  Spiritual  Quixote/'  an  if- 
gemuust  romance  iu  tlie  manner  of  Cervantes,  wa«  descended  (ram  tlut  iamily- 


Sir  GF.oReK  Mackenzie. 

<>f''/6c)i,  ^' 6s. 


OF   ENGLAND. 


SCOTCH  LAWYERS. 


SIR  JOHN  NISBET,  of  Dirieton,  lord-advocate, 
PafondeL    R,  White  K.  h.'ih. 

Sir  JcJiB  Nisbet,  an  etuinenit  *ad  «[>righl  lanyer,  an  excelleot 
whotar,  and  an  un corrupt  patriot,  particnl'aily  distiDguuheil  himself 
^;  pleadino;  against  a  standing  mDitia  in  Scdt]and,  in  the  reigD  of 
Cbarles  I],  in  which  he  was  one  of  the  commiBsionerH  that  treated 
"Hh  thoBe  of  England  concerning  a  union  of  the  two  kingdoina. 
lie  wai  sacceeded  in  his  office  of  king's  advocate  by  Sii  O«0Tg8 
Miekenme." 


afiORGIUS  MACKENZIUS,  a  vafle  rosavum,  &c.. 
P.  Yartdrebam  sc.  h.sh.  .    , 

$ft-GEORGE  Mackexzee;  cjww;  ffwfto,  " Futna 
^l^duai''  h.sh.    R.Wood. 

8tt.GE0BtiE  Mackenzie.    W.  Rkkardmn ;  8vo. 

^tt^.G^ORGE  Mackenzie  ;  in  an  oval;  folio. 

Theie  is  a  good  portrait  of  him,  much  like  this  print,  in  the  ptc 
lure  gallery  at  Oxford. 

Sir. George  Mackeazie,  an  ^le  lawyer,  a  polite  scholar,  and  a 
celebrated  wit,  was  king's  advocatef  in  Scotland,  in  the  reign  of 
Clihrles  and  James  II.  He  was  learned  in  the  laws  of  nature  and 
oatioos;  and  particularly  in  those  of  his  own  conn  try,  which  he 
iHutrtted  and  defended  by  bis  excellent  writings.  He  finished  hit 
(todies  at  the  uniTersities  of  Aberdeen  abd  St.  Andrew's,  before  he 
was  sixteen  years  of  age ;  and  is  said  to  have  pleaded  at  the  bar 
before  he  was  twenty.  He  was  a  g^eat  master  of  forensic  eloquence, 
on  which  he  haa  written  an  elegant  discourse,!  which  contains  a  brief. 


tTbit  aniwrri  to  the  office  a[Btloriiej--griii!iiil  in  Eiiglaiid. 
J  It  ii  entitled  "  l<tpa  KluijiiciiliiB  lursmit  faudiciiia:,"  &u. 


132  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

but  comprehensive  compendium  of  the  laws  of  Scotland.  The  polite- 
ness of  his  learning,  and  the  sprightliness  of  his  wit,  were  conspicuous 
in  all  his  pleadings,  and  shone  in  his  ordinary  conversation.  Mr. 
Dryden  acknowledges,  that  he  was  unacquainted  with  what  he  calls 
"  the  beautiful  turn  of  words  and  thoughts"  in  poetry,  till  they 
were  explained  and  exemplified  to  him,  in  a  conversation  which  he 
had  with  "  that  noble  wit  of  Scotland,  Sir  George  Mackenzie.*'* 
He  has  written  several  pieces  of  history  and  antiquities,  and  also 
pssajs  upon  various  subjects  ;  none  of  which  were  more  admired, 
than  his  **  Moral  Essay  upon  Solitude,  preferring  it  to  public  Em- 
ployment, such  as  Fame,  Comiriand,  Riches,  Pleasure,  Conversa- 
tion," &c.  This  was  answered  by  Mr.  John  Evelyn.  It  is  hard  to 
say  which  of  these  gentlejnen  was  capable  of  enjoying  the  pleasures 
of  solitude  in  a  more  exquisite  degree.  But  Mr.  Evelyn,  who  in 
his  character  resembled  AtticuSy  as  much  as  Sir  George  did  Cicero^ 
was  so  honest,  as  to  prefer  the  active  life  to  speculative  indolence, 
from  a  consciousness  that  it  is  infinitely  more  for  the  advantage  of 
mankind.  Sir  George  came  into  England  soon  after  the  revolution, 
with  a  view  of  enjoying  that  learned  retirement  which  he  longed 
for  in  the  university  of  Oxford.  In  June,  1690,  he  was  admitted 
as  a  student  into  the  Bodleian  Libraiy ;  but  died  within  a  year 
after  his  admission,  at  his  lodgings  in  London,  on  the  2d  of  May, 
1691.  He  was  a  great  benefactor  to  literature,  having  founded  the 
advocates*  library  at  Edinburgh,  which  now  contains  above  thirty 
thousand  volumes.f  His  works  were  printed  at  Edinburgh,  in 
1716,  in  two  volumes  folio.     Sec  the  reign  of  James  II. 


SIR  JOHN  GILMOUR,  president  of  the  court  of 
'  sessions  of  Scotland  ;  from  an  original  picture  painted 
by  old  Scougalj  at  Inchy  near  Edinburgh.    C.  B.  Ryley 
sc,  8w. 

Sir  John  Gilmour,  of  Craigmillar,  a  Scotch  advocate,  who  had, 
at  the  restoration  of  King  Charles  the  Second,  the  more  credit, 
having  always  favoured  the  king's  side,  obtained  the  high  office  of 
president  of  the  court  of  session,  in  which  post  he  gave  an  applaud- 
ed instance  of  his  impartiality,  in  the  stand  which  he  made  in  behalf 

•  Dedication  to  Drydcn's  "  Jurenal,"  p.  1^2, 133,  6lh  edit. 
t  Pennant's  "  Tour  in  Scotland/'  p.  48. 


OF    ENGLAND.  433 

• 

of  Archibald  Campbell,  the  first  marquis  of  Argyle,  od  his  trial  for 
treason 9  in  v^hich  an  attempt  was  made  to  convict  the  noble  pri- 
soner of  the  murder  of  King  Charles  the  First,  by  presumption 
and  precedent.  Gilmour  declared,  that  he  abhorred  the  attainting 
of  a  man  upon  so  remote  a  presumption  as  that  adduced,  and 
looked  upon  it  to  be  less  justifiable  than  the  much- decried  attainder 
of  the  Earl  of  Strafford  ;  -and  therefore  undertook  the  argument 
against  the  Earl  of  Middleton ;  and  had  so  clearly  the  better  of  him, 
that,  although  the  parliament  was  prejudiced  against  the  marquis, 
and  every  thing  was  likely  to  pass  which  might  blacken  him,  yet, 
when  it  was  put  to  the  vote,  the  noble  prisoner  was  acquitted 
of  the  charge,  by  a  great  majority. 

Gilmour  presided  at  the  head  of  the  court  of  session  ten  years 
with  great  dignity  and  ability  ;  viz.  from  June  1st,  1661,  to  January 
17th,  1671-2  ;  at  which  time  he  was  succeeded  by  Sir  David  Dai- 
ry mple,  viscount  Stair. 


SIR  PATRICK  LYON,  of  Carse,knt.  judge  of  the 
high  court  of  Admiralty  of  the  kingdom  of  Scotland. 
R.  White  ad  vivtim  sc,  h.  sh. 


CLASS    VII. 

MEN   OF  THE  SWORD. 

JACOBUS  TURNER,  eques  auratus;  ill  armoury 
arms,  motto,  ^'  Tuiie  cede  Malisr  R.  White  sc.  h.  sh. 

Sir  James  Turner  was  a  man  of  great  natural  courage,  which 
was  sometimes  inflamed  to  an  uncommon  degree  of  ferocity,  by 
ttroDg  liquors ;  in  the  use  of  which  he  freely  indulged  himself. 
When  the  laws  against  conventicles  were  put  in  execution  in  Scot- 
land, he  was  ordered  to  quarter  the  guards,  of  whom  he  bad  the 
command,  in  different  parts  of  that  kingdom ;  and,  in  an  arbitrary 
manner,  to  levy  fines,  and  otherwise  punish  the  delinquents.     He 


134  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

treated  the  people  with  such  rigour  as  gav^  the  highest  offence: 
and  happening  to  fall  into  their  hands  unarmed^  he  expected  every 
moment  to  he  sacrificed  to  their  resentment.  Bat  as  they  found 
by  his  orders,  which  they  seized  with  his  other  papers,  that  he  had 
been  enjoined  to  act  wi^  still  greater  rigour,  they  spared  his  life. 
He  was  frequently  reprimanded  by  Lord  Rothes  and  Archbishop 
Sharp  for  treating  the  people  with  too  great  lenity,  but  never  for 
his  acts  of  violence.  He  was  a  man  of  learning,  and  wrote  "  Essays 
on  the  Art  of  War,"  published  in  folio,  1683. 


COLONEL  GILES  STRANGEWAYS,  of  Mel- 
bwry  Sarapford,  in  Dorsetshire. 

I 

*<  The  rest  fame  speaks,  and  make  his  virtues  known, 
By*s  zeal  for  the  church,  and  loyalty  to  the  throne. 
The  artist  in  his  draught  doth  art  excel. 
None  but  himself,  himself  can  parallel.* 
But  if  his  steel  could  his  great  mind  express, 
That  would  appear  in  a  much  nobler  dress.' 


yt 


D.  Loggan  ad  vivum  delin.  h.  sh.  scarce. 
Giles  Strangeways.    Clamp  sc. 

This  worthy  gentleman,  who  descended  from  one  of  the  most 
ancient  and  respectable  families  in  Dorsetshire,  was  representative 
in  parliament  for  that  county,t  and  one  of  the  privy  council  to 


*  Theobald  ?eems  to  have  adopted  this  line,  with  very  little  variation,  in  his 
"  Poublc  Falsehood/' 

None  but  himself  can  be  hit  parallel. 

The  thought  is  so  very  singular,  that  it  is  extremely  improbable  that  two  persons 
should  have  hit  upon  it,  and  varied  so  little  in  the  expression.^  Sir  William  Temple 
lias  varied  more ;  where  speaking  of  Caesar,  he  says,  that  be  was  '*  eqaal  only  to 
himself."^ 

t  It  appears  from  the  *<  Notitia  Parliamentaria,''  that  the  coanty  of  Dorset  has 
not  been  without  a  representative  of  this  family  from  the  reign  of  Mary,  to  that  of 
George  I.  In  the  former  of  these  reigns,  Giles  Strangeways,  knt.  was  member  of 
parliament  for  that  county. 


t  See  Bathos,  &c.  chap.  vii. 

j  Sec  the  ^'  Ebsay  on  the  (/ardcns  of  Epicurus. 


,•> .    .     .«• 


i    ■ 


n. 


■-A-.>; 


''■.     "v     .:'  l    '  ■ 


C-ttjAh'i  i>  Jvlnrnt  -/o  6  2  . 


TuUiiM.  Ftby«'^HD   i,^  WTRiiAst^f OH.  Jun.nrkHa,i!  strand 


OF    ENGLAND.  135 

Charles  II.     Id  the  time  of  the  civil  war,  he  had  the  command  of 

a  regiment  in  that  part  of  the  royal  army  which  acted  under  Prince 

Maurice  in  the  West.     In  1645,  be  was  imprisoned  in  the  Tower 

for  his  actiye  loyalty,  where  he  continued  in  patient  confinement 

for  two  years,  and  upwards  of  six  months.    There  is  a  fine  medal* 

lion  of  him,  struck  upon  this  occasion ;  on  the  reverse  of  which  is 

represented  that  part  of  the  Tower  which  is  called' Caesar's;  with 

^  inscription,  Decusque  ado€TiUi*^derunt*f    When  Charles  fled 

into  the  West,  in  disguise,  after  the  battle  of  Worcester,  he  sent 

bim  three  hundred  broad  pieces  ;t  which  were,  perhaps,  the  most 

leosonable  present  that  the  idyal  fugitive  ever  received.     But  this 

was  but  a  small  part  of  the  sum  which  is  to  be  placed  to  the  account 

of  his  loyalty ;  as  the  house  of  Strange  ways  paid  no  less  than 

35,000/.  for  its  attachment  to  the  crown. t   06.  1675.    The  present 

Countess  of  Ilchester  is  heiress  of  this  family. 


GENERAL  ROSSITIER,  parliamept  general;  in 
Simons  " Medals^'  plate  20. 

General  Rossilidr,  of  Somerby.  in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  com* 
nanded  the  Lincolnsfairfi  troops,  and  with  Poi^tz  besieged  Shalford- 
house,  in  1645;  and  afterward  concurred  with  Fairfax  and  Monk 
in  the  restoration,  and  received  the  honour  of  knighthood.  He 
married  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Samwell,  of  Upton,  in  the 
county  of  Northampton,  bart^ 

COLONEL  JOHN  BARKSTEAD ;  an  oval,  in  the 
same  plate  with  Colonel  Okey  and  Miles  Corbet,  h.  sh, 
very  scarce. 

Colonel  John  Barkstead,  tvith  his  seal  and 
autograph;  8vo,     • 

Colonel  John  Barkstead.   W.  Richardson;  8vo^ 

*  Evelyo'i "  Numisraata,"  p.  115. 

f  See  «  An  Account  of  the  Preservation  of  King  Charles  IL  after  the  Battle  of 
Worcester,"  (published  by  Sir  David  Dalrymple)  p.  46, 
t  Uoytf*!  '« Memoira.' 


»► 


I3G  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORT 

John  Baikstead  was  by  profession  a  goldsmith;  and  kept  a'shofi 
in  the  Strand  ;  but  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  war.  he  quitted 
trade,  and  entered  into  the  parliament  army ;  where  he  so  mucji.  - 
distinguished  himself  by  his  service  and  zeal  in  the  cause  he  bad 
embarked  in,  that  he  was  made  captain  of  a  foot  company  undier 
Colonel  Ven,  at  Windsor;  and  shortly  after  made  governor  rf 
Reading.     He  so  actively  discharged  the  trust  reposed  in  him,  aii. 
particularly  to  attract  the  notice  of  Cromwell,  who  never  was  at  .a 
loss  to  discover  merit,  and  to  appropriate  the  talents  of  those  who. 
were  possessed  of  it,  to  his  own  use  and  service ;  and,  on  his 
becoming  possessed  of  supreme  power,  knighted  Barkstead,  ani  ■ 
made  him  one  of  his  lord:^.    He  had  previously,  by  the  parliament,  : 
been  intrusted  with   the  custody  of  the  Tower,  in  which  office 
the  Protector  fully  confirmed  him ;  and  likewise  appointed  hiia 
major-general  of  London.     Barkstead  though  a  thorough  rcpub-  j 
lican,  joined  in  every  change  of  government  during  the  usurpation; 
and  is  reported  to  have  amassed  great  wealth  by  extortion  from  the 
imfortunate  loyalists  committed  to  his  custody;  while  keeper  of  the 
Tower ;  whom,  on  several  occasions,  he  is  said  to  have  treated  witK 
uncommon  severity,  by  which  conduct,  he;  became  equally  odious 
and  detestable  to  them,  as  Bradshaw,  or  Cromwell  hiniself. 

On  the  restoration  of  monarchy,  feeling  the  danger  he  stood  in, 
he  fled  to  the  continent,  and  lurked  for  some  time  in  various  parts 
of  Germany,  under  feigned  names,  but  at  length  settled  at  Han'aii; 
where  he  was  elected  a  burgess ;  but  imprudently  quitting  that 
free  city,  in  company  with  Colonel  Okey  and  Miles  Corbet,  iii 
order  to  join  their  wives  whom  they  had  appointed  to  meet  at  Delftt 
in.HoUand;  the  circumstance  coming  to  the  knowledge  of  Sir  George 
Downing,  the  British  envoy  for  the  king  at  the  Hague,  he  caused 
Bairkstead  and  his  two  companions  to  be  arrested  and  conveyed  to 
England,  in  order  to  take  their  trials  for  the  share  they  had  in  th« 
death  of  the  late  king. 

After  having  remained  some  time  prisoners  in  the  Tower,  Bark- 
stead, with  Corbet  and  Okey,  were  brought  to  tlie  King's  Bepcl(  * 
bar,  and  there  demanded  what  they  could  say  for  themselves,  why 
they,  should  not  die  according  to  law,  the  act  of  attainder  being 
read  to  them ;  to  which  they  alleged,  they  were  not  the  same  per- 
sons therein  described,  but  sufficient  witness  being  in  readiness  to 
prqve  their  identity,  slsntence  of  death  was  pronounced  sigainst 
them  ;  and  on  Saturday,  April,  19th,  1662,  all  three  were  execute^ 
at  Tyburn.     Ihe  head  of  Barkstead  was  set  upon  a 'pole,  ajid 


.     or  ENGLAND.  137 

iM^ed  on  Traitor's  Qite,  in  Ubie  Tower ;  of  which  place  he  had  heen 
lyremor. — ^The  treason  he  stood  charged  with,  was^  the  attendapc^ 
s  gave  eyery  day  on  the  trial  of  the  late  king,  and  signing  the 
arrant  for  his  execution. 

The  royalists  gave  out  that  he  died  meanly,  having,  as  supposed^ 
tken  some  stupifying  drug  previous  to  his  leaving  the  prison* 
lodlow*  on  the  contrary,  asserts,  that  he  died  with  cheerfulness 
ad  courage,  no  way  derogating  from  a  soldier,  and  true  English* 
um ;.  and  though  he  was  not  in  England  at  the  time,  little  question 
an  arise  but  he  had  a  faithful  report  of  the  transactions  that  took 
lace  with  respect  to  the  manner  with  which  the  judges  of  Charles 
be  First  were  proceeded  ag^nst,  and  the  way  in  which  they  under- 
rent  the  sentence  pronounced  against  them^ 


Col.  FRANCIS  HACKER ;  from  an  original  pic- 
lure.     G.  Barrett  sc.  Ato. 

Col.  Francis  Hacker.   Cook  sc.  %vo. 

Colonel  Hacker  was  one  of  those  soldiers  of  fortune  that  rose  to 
rank,  and  became  noticed,  throughout  the  troubles  of  the  times 
they  lived  in.  Very  little  is  known  of  his  private  history,  or  from 
irhat  family  he  was  descended.  As  a  soldier  and  officer  he  was 
lield  in  great  trust  by  Cromwell  and  his  party,  and  acted  a  prio- 
^[>al  part  in  the  tragedy  of  King  Charles  the  First.  The  parta- 
enlars  of  the  share  Colonel  Hacker  had  in  that  transaction,  is  re- 
lated by  Colonel  Tomlinson,  a£  Hacker*s  trial,  in  the  following 
i^ords :  "  I  had  indeed  to  do  with  the  guard ;  being  then  an  officer 
of  the  army,  a  colonel  of  horse.  When  the  king  came  to  St.  James's, 
it  was  observed  by  some,  that  there  was  too  great  an  access  of 
people  admitted  to  the  king ;  and  within  a  day  or  two  after,  there 
was  a  party  of  halberdiers  appointed  for  the  stricter  observing  the 
guard ;  they  were  commanded  by  three  gentlemen,  of  whom  this 
prisoner  at  the  bar  was  one.  The  orders  every  day  for  removing  the 
person  of  the  king  were  commonly  directed  to  four  persons,  and 
those  were,  myself,  lieutenant-colonel  Cobbet,  Captain  Merryman, 
and  one  monr ;  but  the  guards  that  still  went  along  were  the  hal* 
berdianu  So  that  every  day  when  the  king  did  ^  to  Westinin^te^, 
be  went  to  Sir  Robert  Cotton*s  house,  and  so  fer  I  went  with  hiin, 
but  never  saw  him  at  that  pretended  high  court  of  justice.    ^When 

VOJL.  r.  T 


A-H 


138  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

he  used  to  go  to  Westminster  Hall,  Serjeant  JDendy-roed  to  come;* 
and  demand  that  the  king  should  go  to  the  high  court  of  jastioii 
and  Colonel  Hacker  did  ordinarily  go  with  him,  with  the  Ut 
berdiers.  It  was  my  custom  to  stay  in  the  room  till  he  came  faidk 
ag^in.  These  orders  continued  during  the  time  of  his  trial.  Afcr 
the  sentence  was  given^  on  the  day  whereon  the  execution  was  it 
be  done,  it  was  ordered,  that  the  guards  that  were  for  the  secnikf 
of  the  person  of  the  king  should  cease,  when  a  warrant  froin  M 
high  court  of  justice  for  the  execution  should  be  produced.'*  Cokiil 
Tomlinson  further  deposed,  "  that  Colonel  Hacker  led  the  Uij^ 
forth  on  the  day  of  his  execution,  followed  by  the  bishop  of  Im 
don,  and  was  there  in  prosecution  of  that  warrant,  and  upon 
same  their  orders  were  at  an  end." 

This    evidence    of   Tomlinson   was    corroborated  bv  Col 
Huncks,  who  stated,  <'  that  a  little  before  the  hour  the  king  Mi 
he  was  in  Ireton's  chamber,  in  Whitehall,  where  Ireton  and  Ari 
rison  were  in  bed  together;  that  Cromwell,  Colonel  Hacker, 
tenant-colonel  Phayer,  Axtel,  and  himself,  were  standing  at  Ai' 
door,  Colonel  Hacker  reading  the  warrant;  but  upon  witn< 
refusal  to  draw  up  an  order  for  the  executioner,  Cromwell  wi 
have  no  delay,  but  stepping  to  a  table  that  stood  by  the  door, 
which  were  pens,  ink,  and  paper,  he  wrote  something ;  whidi 
soon  as  he  had  done,  gives  the  pen  to  Hacker,  who  also 
something,  on  which  the  execution  of  the  king  followed.'' 

He  was  found  guilty,  and  executed  at  Tyburn,  October  19, 1 
His  body  was  put  into  a  hearse  sent  to  tlie  place  of  executioi 
his  son,  who  had  begged  it  of  the  king ;  and  the  request 
granted,  without  quartering,  the  son  caused  him  to  be  buriel 
the  city  of  London. 

CoL  JOHN  JONES;  a  small  head,  inthefranth 
to  the  Speeches,  Passages,  and  Letters  of  several 
sons  lately  erecuted;  1661 ;  8vo. 

Col.  John  Jones,  with  his  seal  and  autograph; 

Colonel  Jones,  by  birth  a  Welshman,  came  at  a  very  earlj 
to  London,  and  was  patronised  by  his  kinsman  Sir  Thomas 
dlelon,  lord  mayor  in  the  year  1613.*— In  this  gentleman^s  ser 
he  lived  many  years  ;  but  the  wars  coming  on,  he  entered  into 


OF   ENGLAND,  139 

pariiament  army,  aad  shortly  attained  to  the  rank  of  captain.  In  hit 
prkiciplesy  he  was  a  strict  republican*  and  was  taken  great  notice  of 
by  the  Cromwelian  party;  through  whose  interest  he  obtained  a  seat 
in  parliament^  and  came  to  be  made  governor  of  Anglesey,  in  North 
Wales. 

Ck)lonel  Jones,  Miles  Corbet,  Edmund  Ludlow,  &c.  were  sent 
commissioners  of  parliament  for  the  government  of  Ireland,  where 
Jones  began  with  reforming  the  abuses  which  existed  concerning 
the  brewing  of  beer  and  ale,  nor  would  he  suffer  any  one  to  hold  a 
public  employment  that  were  found  tippling  in  alehouses.  He  was 
eensured  for  discountenancing  orthodox  ministers,  and  encouraging 
a  Mr.  PatientSy  formerly  a  stocking-footer  in  Londpn,  to  preach 
every  Sunday  before  the  council  of  Ireland,  in  Christ  Church* 
Dublin ;  and  ihat,  finally,  to  go  into  an  alehouse,  or  a  Protestant 
church,  during  his  domination,  were  crimes  alike,  and  alike  pu- 
mshed  ;  insomuch  that  none  but  Anabaptists  and  Welshmen  were 
entertained  at  that  time  in  beneficial  places. 

After  settling  the  affairs  of  Ireland  to  his  full  desire,  Colonel 
Jones  returned  to  England,  and  was  in  great  favour  with  the  Pro- 
tector,* who  constituted  him  one  of  his  lords ;  but  upon  his  death, 
in  the  protectorate  of  his  successor  Richard,  Jones  was  again  made 
one  of  the  commissioners  for  the  government  of  Ireland,  and  went 
over  in  July,  1659,  with  Ludlow,  who  was  commander-in-chief  of 
the  forces ;  but  Ludlow  soon  after  returning  to  England,  and  being 
well  convinced  of  Jones's  ability  and  principles,  left  him  his  deputy 
there ;  armed  with  this  double  power  of  commissioner,  and  head 
of  the  mihtary  department,  in  the  execution  of  what  he  deemed 
requisite,  he  gave  great  umbrage  to  Mr.  Steele,  then  chancellor  of 
Ireland,  a  man  of  haughty  spirit,  who  thought  his  province  invaded, 
and  in  disgust  left  Ireland,  and  the  government  thereof  to  his  more 
SQcoessful  rival  in  power. 

In  the  interim  the  !Rump  Parliament  was  turned  out  by  Lambert, 
and  a  committee  of  safety  appointed.  On  the  6th  of  December 
foUowing,  about  five  o'clock  in  the  evening,  Colonel  Sir  Theophilus 
Jones,  Colonel  Bridges,  and  two  or  three  more  discountenanced 
officers,  in  pursuance  of  a  design  very  privately  contrived,  and 
carried  on,  seized  on  Colonel  Jones,  and  the  ^est-of  the  then  coun* 
cil  of  Ireland,  took  the  castle  of  Dublin,  and  declared  for  a  parlia^ 
ment;  and  General  Monk,  who  was  then  in  Scotland,  and  had 

J  *  Whose  sister  be  married.  .-       . 


140  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

declared  for  the  like.  Jones  was  kept  a  dose  prisoner  in  the  castle 
of  Dublin,  but  the  Rump  Parliament  coming  into  power  again, 
sent  for  him  and  the  rest  over;  but  by  the  time  he  arrived  in  Loo- 
don,  the  secluded  members  had  regained  their  seats  in  parliament; 
and  outvoted  all  republican  principles.  Preparation  being  made 
for  the  king's  coming  home,  Jones  carefully  hid  himself;  but  not' 
withstanding  his  conceatment,  he  was  discovered  one  evening  about 
twilight  in  Finsbury  Fields,  apprehended,  awl  carried  prisoner  to 
the  Tower  of  London,  where  he  remained  till  he  was  broitght  to 

On  the  12th  of  October,  1660,  Mr.  Jones  was  put  to  the  bar, 
hh  bedfellow,  Mr,  Scot,  being  immediately  before  tried  and  found 
guilty.  He  said  he  considered  it  but  vain  in  him  to  plead  any 
thing  in  justification  of  what  lie  stood  charged  with  ;  for  that  (he 
arguments  of  the  court  and  council  were  the  same,  and  that  they 
had  contrived  to  overwhelm  any  attempt  of  the  prisoners  to  make 
a.  defence,  and  in  consequence  pleaded  only  to  the  general  issue, 
and  was  of  course  found  guilty^ 

On  the  Wednesday  following,  Mr.  Jones,  with  Thomas  Scot, 
Gregory  Clement.  Adrian  Scroop,  and  Francis  Hacker,  were  drswn 
on  hurdles  to  Charing -cross,  and  there  exeeulcd. 


RICHARD  DEANE ;  from  a  drawing  in  the  King's 
"  Clarendon  ;"  4to. 

Richard  Dease,  with  his  seal  and  autograph. 
R.  Grave  sc.  &vo. 

Richard  Deane  is  said  to  have  been  a  servant  to  one  Button,  a 
toyman  in  Ipswich,  artd  to  have  been  the  son  of  a  person  ib  the 
same  employment.  When  the  civil  war  broke  out,  he  entered  the 
parliament  army  as  a  matross  in  the  train  of  artillery ;  and  ren- 
dered them  so  much  service,  particularly  at  Exeter,  that  he  gra- 
dually rose  to  be  a  captain  in  the  train,  and  afterward  progressively, 
though  rapidly,  to  be  a  colonel.  He  was  one  of  those  who,  De- 
cember 18,  1648,  iViet  Sir  Thomas  Widdrington  and  Mr.  Whitlock, 
at  the  Rolls,  with  Lieutenant-general  Cromwell,  and  Lenthall,  the 
speakei*  of  the  House  of  Commons,  under  pretence  of  getting 
some  settlement  for  the  nation,  and,  as  it  were,  combine  both  par- 
liament, the  army,  and  the  law,  in  one  common  interest ;  but  this 


OF    ENGLAND.  141 

waf  only  a  |dausible  matter  to  give  time  to  the  army  to  effect  the 
[rarpose  they  meditated  against  the  person  of  the  king,  and  it  was 
therefore  spun  out  for  some  days ;  though  it  does  not  appear  that 
he  was  called  upon  again  in  the  matter,  ifhich  was  chiefly  left  to 
CfMnwell. 

The  heads  of  the  army  perceiTed,  that  if  the  king  and  parlia- 
flMnt  made  up  the  quarrel  between  themselves,  they  should  be  dis- 
banded;' and  having  left  their  former  professions,  would  be  left 
destitate  :  to  ward  off,  therefore,  what  of  all  things  they  dreaded, 
they  determined  to  cut  off  the  king,  after  modifying  the  parliament 
to  their  own  mind,  and  lay  the  groundwork  for  making  them  their 
Ukils  in  future.  Cromwell  confided  in  Deane  to  take  a  very  ma- 
terial part  in  this,  which  he  did,  and  none  was  more  active  in  car- 
rying things  to  the  last  extremity ;  he,  therefore,  was  named  one  of 
the  judges  in  the  high  court  of  justice,  and  was  most  active  in 
going  through  the  office  :  he  attended  every  sitting,  except  in  the 
Painted  Chamber  on  the  12th  and  13th  of  January,  and  in  West- 
minster Hall  the  20th,  and  set  his  hand  to  the  warrant  for  the 
king^s  execution. 

In  the  month  succeeding  that  of  the  king's  death,  he  was  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  commissioners  of  the  navy,  with  Popham  and 
Blake;  and  in  April  he  became  an  admiral  and  general  at  sea, 
and  went  with  Admiral  Blake  in  a  squadron  in  the  Downs,  whilst 
his  regiment  of  horse  was  appointed  by  lot  to  go  to  Ireland,  to 
subdue  the  rebels  there ;  and  he  and  Blake  soon  after  set  sail  for 
Ireland,  and  put  into  Kinsale,  to  take  the  ships  which  were  there, 
commanded  by  Prince  Rupert  and  Prince  Maurice ;  leaving  Blake 
in  that  port,  he  with  a  squadron  lay  upon  the  western  road. 
In  February,  1 649-50,  he  returned  to  Portsmouth  in  the  Phoenix, 
and  gave  information  to  the  parliament  that  several  vessels  with 
rocmits  were  cast  away  upon  the  coast  of  Ireland  in  their  passage 
tiiither. 

The  Dutch  war  breaking  out,  he  was  again  sent  to  sea,  and 
joined  with  Blake  and  Monk  in  commanding  the  navy ;  meeting 
with  Van  Tromp,  the  Dutch  admiral,  near  the  North-Foreland, 
ikej  recK^ved  to  give  him  battle.  Blake  was  to  the  northward 
ifhen  he  first  saw  the  Dutch  navy  off  the  coast  of  Flanders.  The 
strength  of  both  republics  was  called  out  to  dispute  which  of  the 
mab  was  to  command,  and  govern  at  sea.  Tromp  had  to  assist 
him  Admirals  Evertsen,  De  Wit,  and  De  Ruyter. 

Vioe-admiral  Lawson,  at  the  head  of  die  blue  squadrcMi,  made 


142  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

the  attack,  by  charging  through  the  Dutch  fleet  with  forty  shtpg. 
The  squadron  of  De  Ruyter  were  principally  sufferers  in  this  furioua 
onset ;  Van  Tromp  therefore  iiastened  to  his  assistance.  Btake 
and  Oeane,  wlw  were  botli  in  the  same  ship,  perceiving  the  ad- 
miral's movement,  attacked  him  with  the  main  body ;  the  fleet 
continuing  engaged  until  three  in  the  aflemoon,  when  the  Dutch 
fled,  and  were  pursued  by  the  hghtest  of  the  Eoglish  frigates;  but, 
unfortunately,  Deane  fell  at  the  first  fire  of  the  enemy,  a  cannon 
ball  dividing  his  body  at  the  onset.  The  second  day  the  battle  was 
renewed,  and  a  most  complete  victory  gained  by  the  English,  The 
battle  was  fought  September  28,  1652. 

A  public  thanksgiving  was  given  for  this  victory,  in  gratitude  to 
Providence  for  the  first  fruits  of  those  naval  conquests  that  afterward 
were  to  be  so  greatly  ilhiatrioua.  To  evince  the  great  esteem  that 
the  Protector  had  for  private  merit,  a  public  funeral  was  decreed 
by  him  for  the  remains  of  the  deceased  admiral.  Tlie  corpse  was 
conveyed  in  a  barge  from  Greenwich  to  Westminster,  attended  by 
inaiiy  other  barges  and  boats  in  mourning  equipages.  As  they 
slowly  passedalong,  the  procession  was  saluted  by  the  guns  from  the 
shipping-at  the  Tower,  and  ordnance  planted  for  that  purpose  in  the 
way  to  Westminster  Abbey,  where  the  body  was  buried,  attended 
by  many  persons  of  the  greatest  consequence  in  the  government, 
invited  by  cards  sent  from  the  council ;  besides  large  bodies  of  the 
military  ;  and  to  do  his  memory  still  more  honour  the  Protector.in 
person  assisted.  At  the  restoration,  his  body,  with  many  others, 
was  taken  up  and  buried  in  a  part  of  the  cemetery  of  St.  Margaret's 
church,  adjoining  the  Abbey  precincts. 

The  wealth  that  he  gained  was  as  great  as  his  successes  had 
been  extraordinary.  Amongst  the  estates  he  possessed  was  tiie 
manor  of  Havering,  at  Bower,  in  the  county  of  Essex,  tlie  park  of 
which  he  demolished,  after  it  had  for  so  long  a  space  been  appro- 
priated for  the  chase,  by  our  sovereigns,  and  where  King  Henry 
VIII.  often  came  ;  it  was  in  an  eminent  degree,  likewise,  there- 
tiring  place  of  our  monarchs. 

All  his  estates  were_  seized  by  government,  his  name  being  in- 
serted, though  he  was  dead,  in  that  part  of  the  bill  which  excepted 
from  pardon  those  more  immediately  concerned  in  the  murder  of 
King  Charles. 

Deane  loft  a  widow  and  children,  who,  from  the  time  of  his 
death  to  the  funeral,  had  100^.  per  day;  and  600^.  per  annum  in 
land  was  settled  upon  Mrs.  Deane  in  reward  for  his  public  > 


OF    ENGLAND.  143 

^ANU^  AXTEL ;  a  small  head^  in  the  frontispiece 
I  the  UveSj  Speeches,  and  private  Passages  of  those 
^erwns  lately  executed.    London,  1661 ;  8t;o. 

.Daniel  Axtel  ;  a  head,  in  an  oval ;  ^vo. 

Axtel  was  a  native  of  Bedfordshire,  but  settled  \u  London, 
hiere  bis  friends  bad  sent  him  in  order  to  be  apprenticed  to  some 
ide.  The  business  he  chose  was  that  of  a  grocer,  which  for  some 
ne  he  followed ;  but  the  troubles  coming  on,  Axtel  came  to  the 
itennination  of  not  remaining  neuter,  and  entered  the  parliament 
my  as  a  private  soldier;  but  quickly  arrived  at  the  mark  of 
fire  public  notice.  When  the  army  were  collected  together  at 
ewmarket,  in  a  mutinous  manner  against  the  parliament,  delegates 
ere  chosen  out  of  each  company  to  represent  their  grievances. 
xtel  (then  bnt  an  ordinary  officer)  was  pitched  upon  as  an  eminent 
tid  fit  person  to  carry  on  their  design  of  refusing  to  disband  the 
may,  when  they  were  commanded  thereunto  by  the  parliament ; 
iid  when  the  parliament  and  the  king  had  come  to  the  terms  of 
eace  in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  he  came  up  at  the  head  of  the  deputies, 
nd  at  the  bar  of  the  parliament-house  impeached  the  members 
iiereof,  calling  them  rotten  members,  and  other  ill  names ;  and  at 
ftat  time,  being  lieutenant-colonel  to  Colonel  Hewson's  regiment 
if  foot,  was  particularly  active  the  day  the  secluded  members  were 
biven  from  the  House  and  imprisoned,  and  was  more  than  ordi- 
nrily  officious  in  that  business. 

'  Colonel  Axtel  commanded  the  guards  every  day  during  the  trial  of 
lie  king  in  Westminster  Hall,  and  when  the  king  came  through  the 
Mdl,he  ordered  the  soldiers  to  cry  Justice !  Justice !  When  the  charge 
i^  read,  and  the  king  called  upon  to  answer  in  the  name  of  the 
Commons  of  England,  a  lady  (Fairfax)  from  the  gallery  said,  **  Not 
Ufthe  Commons  of  England;'*  which  being  heard  by  Axtel,  he 
■M  to  his  soldiers,  **  Shoot  the  w — e,  pull  her  down,"  with 
otter  insulting  epithets ;  and  on  the  last  day  of  the  court's  sitting, 
pierious  to  the  sentence  being  given,  he  ordered  them  to  cry, 
becntion!  Execution! 

'Saving  made  himself  very  busy  and  active  in  support  of  a  com- 
iH)iiwealth;  in  preference  to  kingly  government,  on  discovering  the 
^i|koblican  cause  to  be  lost,  and  Charles  II.  daily  expected  to  land  in 
^gbnd,  Axtel  committed  himself  to  the  private  chamber  of  a  par- 
"^fqhx  friend,  who,  thinking  himself  not  safe  to  entertain  him  after 


144  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

proclamation  was  made  for  his  apprehension,  deliyered  him  up  to 
the  first  constable  he  could  find,  who  carrying  him  before  a  justice  oi 
the  peace,  he  was  immediately  committed  a  prisoner  to  the  Tower. 
Colonel  Axtel  was  tried  at  the  Old  Bailey,  October  15,  166©, 
found  guilty,  and  executed  at  Tyburn,  on  the  19th  of  the  saoM 
month.     In  his  defence  he  averred  himself  to  be  no  counsellor,  no 
contriver,  no  parliament-man,  none  of  the  judges  that  tried  the  late 
king,  but  only  obeyed  the  orders  of  his  superior  officers,  and  did  iMl 
conceive  himself  guilty  of  a  higher  offence  than  the  Earl  of  Esieii 
Fairfax,  or  Lord  Manchester. 


Col.  ROBERT  LILBURNE;  from  a  miniature  bf 
Sam\  Cooper ;  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  R.  Grave-. 
Caroline  Watson  sc.  4to. 

Col.  Robert  Lilburne;  mezz.  Woodbum  exc.  9vo\ 

Col.  Robert  Lilburne,  with  his  autograph  an^ 
seal;  Svo. 

Robert  Lilburne  eariy  imbibed  a  violent  hatred  to  the  coorl-. 
party,  which  was  no  way  diminished  by  the  rigorous  punishmevi 
inflicted  through  a  Star-chamber  sentence  on  his  brother,  the  celen 
hr^ied  free'born  John.  On  the  first  breaking  out  of  the  war,  he  join^ 
the  parliament  army,  and  throughout  the  contest  shewed  the  greal« 
est  bravery  and  conduct.  He  progressively  rose  to  the  rank  ot 
colonel,  and  was  held  in  such  estimation  by  the  parliament,  as  wA 
as  the  army,  that  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  leading  men.. to 
form  the  tribunal,  which  brought  the  devoted  Charles  to  trial.  .Tbii 
was  effected  under  the  immediate  influence  and  direction  ofCroaht 
well.  The  colonel  sat  as  one  of  the  king*s  judges,  and  attended.aa 
the  Painted  Chamber  on  the  I5th,  17th,  19th,  23d,  25th,  and 
27th  day  of  January,  and  all  the  days  iii  Westminster  Hall^^ani 
signed  the  warrant  for  execution.  .."....... 

In  1651,  at  the  head  of  three  regiments,  he  attacked  and  moxmH 
completely  defeated  the  Earl  of  Derby,  who  had  mustered  a 
siderable  force  at  Wigan,  in  Lancashire;  and  so  decisive. :in 
this  victory,  that  of  one  thousand  five  hundred  men  the  earl  Ul 
brought  into  the  field,  he  scarcely  had  thirty  left,  when  he  escaped 


OF    ENGLAND.  145 

to  Song  Charles  the  Second,  at  Worcester.   The  engagement  lasted 
ibottt  an  hour. 

•  In  1653y  he  was  appointed  commander-in-chief  in  Scotland, 
vbich  kingdom  he  greatly  assisted  in  bringing  to  absolute  subrois- 
Mm  to  the  English  parliament ;  marching  to  the  very  extremity  of 
die  Highlands,  being  every  where  victorious :  he  remained  there 
until  1654,  and  was  as  true  to  Cromwell,  as  he  had  been  to  the 
pariiament.  The  Protector,  when  seated  in  full  authority,  placed 
the  most  unbounded  confidence  in  Colonel  Lilbume.  He  not  only 
continued  him  one  of  the  committee  of  his  division  in  Yorkshire, 
of  the  city  of  York,  but  gave  him  very  great  authority  under  Lam- 
bert, the  major-general ;  and  when  that  officer  shortly  after  fell 
into  some  discontent,  and  was  superseded,  the  important  trust 
lie  held  was  conferred  on  Lilbume,  who  appears  to  have  been 
every  way  qualified  to  discharge  the  office  to  the  satisfaction  of  his 
employer ;  for  he  was  as  assiduous  in  privately  ruining  the  royalists, 
as  he  openly  had  been  in  the  field.  And  when  he  had  seized  Lord 
Bellasyse  W  York,  in  1655,  he  wrote  to  Secretary  Thurloe,  to  know 
his  highness's  farther  pleasure  about  him ;  '^  for  as  I  remember,'' 
says  he,  **  he  was  once  pricked  down,  I  entreat  your  speedy  answer 
herein,  and  I  shall  be  glad  to  know  what  you  do  in  general 
with  such  kind  of  cattle"  His  conduct  was  particularly  severe 
against  the  loyal  clergy,  whom  he  denominated  *'  scandalous 
ministers/' 

At  the  restoration,  he  was  excepted  absolutely  as  to  life  and 
estate,  though  he  had  surrendered  himself;  and  being  brought  to 
trial  at  the  Sessions-house  in  the  Old  Bailey,  Oct.  16th,  1660,  he 
pleaded  not  guilty ;  but  the  facts  of  sitting  the  last  day,  and  sign- 
ing the  warrant  for  putting  the  king  to  death  being  proved,  he  was 
convicted,  and  being  asked  what  he  had  to  say  why  sentence  should 
not  be  passed,  he  replied,  "  I  shall  not  wilfully  nor  obstinately 
deny  the  matter  of  fact ;  but,  my  lord,  I  must  and  I  can,  with  a 
▼ery  good  conscience,  say,  that  what  I  did,  I  did  it  very  innocently, 
without  any  intention  of  murder  ;.  nor  was  I  ever  plotter  or  con- 
triver in  the  business.  I  was  for  the  withdrawing  of  the  court,  when 
die  king  made  the  motion  to  have  it  withdrawn;  and  upon  the  day 
die  king  was  put  to  death,  I  was  so  sensible  of  it,  that  I  went  to  my 
diamber  and  mourned,  and  would,  if  it  had  been  in  my  power,  have 
preserved  his  life.  My  lord,  I  was  not  at  all  any  disturber  of  the 
government ;  I  never  interrupted  the  parliament  at  all.  I  had  no 
hand  in  these  things,  neither  in  1648,  nor  at  any  other  time.    I 

vbL,  V.  V 


146  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

shall  humbly  beg  the  favour  of  the  king,  that  he  wpuld  be  pleaded 
to  grant  me  his  pardon,  according  to  his  declaration  which  I  laid 
hpld  on,  and  rendered  myself  to  the  proclamation," 

The  counsel  for  the  prosecution  on  thi^  state^poent^  Qb$QfTiil9 
they  should  urge  nothing  more  against  him,  his  life  w»3^  spaied^r 
but  he  was  sent  prisoner  to  the  Isle  of  St.  Nicholas,  near  PlymQUJt)iy 
whei;e  he  died  in  August,  1665,  aged  52.  He  left  several  chUdreiB^ 
and  his  father  being  living  at  the  tim^^  of  his  trial,  and  n.o  way  im- 
plicated in  the  troubles  of  the  times,  the  colonel's  children  inherited 
their  grandfather's  estate  of  Thkkly  Punchardqn,  Durham,  and  ie- 
veral  others  ii^  Yorkshire. 


ADRIAN  SCROOP ;  a  small  head,  in  the  frontis- 
piece to  the  Lives,  Speeches,  and  private  Passages  of 
those  Persons  lately  executed.    London,  1661 ;  8v(?. 

Adrian  Scroop,  with  his  seal  and  autogrdph;  4to. 

Colonel  Adrian  Scroop  was  descended  of  a  very  anci^nt  and  v^ 
spectable  family  in  Buckinghamshire,  the  head  of  which  was  en- 
nobled. Mr.  Scroop  himself  was  possessed  of  a  very  consiiderablt 
estate,  was  of  puritanical  principles,  and  a  gi;e^  stickler  against  - . 
episcopacy.  On  the  commencement  of  the  troubles,  he  took  u|| 
arms  in  support  of  the  parliament,  and  went  forth  at  first  a,  capjt{iin 
of  horse,  which  he  raised  himself,  at  the  he^d  of  which  he  cqppeared  ^ 
at  Edge-hill.  He  immediately  after  attained  the  ra^ik  of  rosyor,  1^4 
soon  became  a  colonel  of  horse.  t  , 

In  1647,  he  united  with  other  officers  in  the  anpy,  iapi^jes^Qtii^  > 
a  charge  against  the  eleven  members,  whoin  tfie  paijliau^ent  haA  ^ 
taken  exceptions  to,  and  was  ^ent  ta  suppress  a  revolt,  €^  it  wm  ' 
termed,  in  Dorsetshire,  occasioned  by  a  clergyn^an  pf  ,'t|h|^  chufldh^  "* 
of  EngljEind,  named  Wake,  having  presumed  to  use  the  liturgy  t^  :* 
his  congpregation ;  and  when  the  Puritans  had  gone  in  tp.  previpj^  ii 
it,  the  people  had  rescued  their  minister^  and  souQdly  bea^ff,  thQ^  h 
sent  to  apprehend  him,  which  was  so  great  ^  grieyanpe^.  tH^X^  tl|^  «l 
committee  of  Derby-housp  had  represented  the  outrage  to  tl^;  •  • 
general.  .     ,  . 

Colonel  Scroop's  sentiments  were  so  lyell  known  ip.rp^pc^  tc^gf  •'. 
republican  government,  and  the  dislike  he  had  to  the  person  of  t}ie. 
king,  that  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  commissipaprs^qf;  the  ^Mi^i 


OiF    ENGLAND.  147 

ft  of  justice;  which  he  said  he  was  leii  into  through  the  per- 
ricm  of  Cromwell,  as  being  an  officer  in  the  army,  though  he 
i  Berer  in  parliament;  and  what  was  rarely  seen  in  any  other 
libera  of  that  tribunal,  he  sat  every  day  in  the  Painted  Chamber, 
I  ill  Westminster  Hall,  and  signed  and  sealed  the  warrant  for 
cntioii^ 

ifler  the  death  of  the  king,  Colonel  Scroop's  regiment  was  drawn 
lotto  go  to  Ineland ;  but  his  men  chose  to  act  as  they  thought 
St  conyenilent  for  their  own  ease,  and  declared  they  would  not 
thither ;  but  sent  letters  to  general  Ireton  to  acquaint  him  with 
ir  resolution  ;  but  at  length  some  of  the  men  softened  and  de- 
red  for  their  general,  expressing  their  readiness  to  go  whither- 
kver  he  commanded,  and  the  rest  immediately  followed  their  ex- 
pie.  Scroop  was,  however,  excused  going  to  that  kingdom, 
ng  appointed  in  October,  1649,  governor  of  Bristol  Castle,  where 
remained  for  some  time;  and  wheo  the  parliament  thought 
Tsper  to  slight  that  government,  he  was  appointed,  in  1657,  one  of 
I  commissioners  to  Scotland,  in  conjunction  with  General  Monk, 
od  Broghill,  and  others ;  this  change  was  contrived  by  the  policy 
Cromwell,  who  felt  convinced  Scroop's  republican  sentiments 
ght  have  done  him  much  mischief  in  so  important  a  place  as 
iistol;  and  that  his  title  of  Protector  was  equally  obnoxious  as 
■t  of  a  king  could  be.  Ludlow  was  of  this  opinion.  When 
leaking  of  Scroop's  removal,  he  says,  '*  not  daring  to  trust  a  per- 
(hof  so  much  honour  and  worth  with  a  place  of  that  consequence ."^ 
IJpbn  the  arrival  of  Charles  the  Second  in  England,  he  issued  a 
radamation  commanding  those  that  were  his  father's  judges  to 
ffttttf  who  had  either  fled  the  kingdom  or  hidden  themselves^  in 
>ier  \a  claim  the  indemnity  within  a  limited  time.  Colonel  Scroops 
^^et  to  avail  himself  of  this  benefit,  comes  in  and  delivers  him^ 
tf  ti>1he  speaker,  with  some  others,  and  a  vote  was  made,  that  he 
iBIdd  be  only  fined  a  year's  value  of  his  estate :  but  soon  after 
Biog  into  discourse  with  General  Brown,  concerning  the  trial  and 
Wi  of  the  king.  Colonel  Scroop  strenuously  justified  himself  as 
tlie  way  in  which  he  had  acted,  and  said,  **  He  did  betieve  it  to  be 
nmwder,**  with  other  e:spressions  tending  to  prove  that  the  king 
I  deserve  death ;  which  being  reported  to  the  parliament,  tie  wM 
kMji  excepted  otit'df  the  act  of  general  pardon :  and  being 
m^t  to  his  trial  in  the  Old  Bailey,  Oct.  12,  1660,  he  pleaded 
t  guilty,  and  in  his  defence  stated  he  did  not  so  much  as  attempt 
joitify  the  act  6f  which  he  stood  accilsed,  as  the  power  by  which 


148 


BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 


he  acted,  saying  the  authority  wad  owned  both  at  home  andabnndt 
and  that  he  was  no  parliament  man,  but  acted  by  their  authority 
and  commission,  who  were  then  the  supreme  authority  of  the  na- 
tions, and  he  hoped  that  authority  would  excuse  him.  This  pk% 
however,  being  overruled,  the  jury  were  directed,  who  brought  In 
in  guilty;  and  on  Wednesday,  Oct.  17th  following,  he  wa$  brooj^ 
from  Newgate  to  Charing-cross,  upon  a  hurdle;  appearing  laf! 
cheerful  during  this  his  last  earthly  journey,  and  viewed  the  gibUi 
undismayed,  but  bewailed  his  unfortunate  discourse  with  G^noil; 
Brown,  which  he  attributed  as  the  cause  of  his ,  being  brongM; 
thither.  After  praying  some  time  very  fervently,  he  was  hnii 
and  afterward  quartered. 


THOMAS  SCOT ;  a  small  head,  in  the  fT(mtispm\ 
the  Lives,  Speeches,   and  Private  Passages  of  H 
Persons  lately  executed.   London,  1661 ;  ^vo. 

Thomas  Scot  ;  small  oval.  J.  P.  Harding  sc.  8w.  L 

Thomas  Scot;  small  oval,  with  his  seal  and avb] 
gvaph;  8w. 


Mr.  Scot  was  of  very  respectable  descent,  of  good  property, 
had  received  a  liberal  education ;  though  his  adversaries,  by 
of  reproach,  make  him  out  to  have  been  the  son  of  a  mean  bi 
and  assert  that  he  also  had  carried  on  the  same  business  in 
well  Precinct.     But  Ludlow,  who  was  intimately  connected 
him,  informs  us,  that  he  was  educated  in  the  university  of 
bridge ;  a  thing  very  unlikely,  had  his  friends  been  of  the  meani 
count  stated.     Certain  it  is,  that  he  was  a  man  of  consideraUei 
lities,  and  acted  as  a  solicitor  at  Aylesbury,  in  Buckinghf 
for  which  borough,  upon  a  vacancy  in  the  Long  Parliament,  he 
elected  to  serve  as  member ;  and,  by  his  alliance  with  Sir  Tl 
Mauliveler,  in  wedding  his  daughter,  greatly  strengthened 
means  and  power.     On  this  event  taking  place,  he  abandoned  I 
profession  of  an  attorney,  and  entered  die .  parliament  army  ai!^ 
major,  and  was  made  one  of  their  committee  for  the  county 
Berks. 

He  particularly  distinguished  himself  in  bringing  to  trial  the 


r 

r 

r 

I  I 


OF   ENGLAND,  149 

foituimte  Charles  the  First,  sitting  as  one  of  the  commissioners,  and 
tigned  the  warrant  for  his  execution.    In  the  Commonwealth  he 
made  a  very  conspicuous  figure,  and  was  constantly  named  one  of 
the  executive  body ;  for  he  was  appointed  in  the  councils  of  state 
m  1649,  1650,  and  1651 ;  and  during  all  the  time  the  Long  Par- 
liament continued,  he  had  considerable  power,  and  bore  a  great 
sway  in  their  proceedings.     But,  upon  that  revolution,  that  trans- 
ferred the  power  into  the  hands  of  Cromwell,  his  influence  was 
over,  and  he  became  extremely  dissatisfied,  and  looked  upon  Oliver 
as  a  betrayer  of  that  common  cause,  the  republicans  had  ventured 
every  thing  to  establish.     He  however  strove,  and  procured  a  seat 
in  that  parliament,  which  conferred  upon  the  man  he  so  much  dis- 
liked, the  title  of  Protector ;  which,  widi  all  the  opposition  he  made 
to  the  adoption  of,  he  possessed  not  power  sufficient  to  prevent. 
Aylesbury  also  returned  him  in  the  second  parliament  called  by  his 
highness  ;  and  in  1656,  he  was  chosen  for  that  place,  and  endea- 
voured to  be  for  the  borough  of  Wickham,  in  Suffolk ;  of  which. 
Secretary  Thurloe,  writing  to  Henry  Cromwell,  major-general  of  the 
army  in  Ireland,  says,  "  Tom  Scot  was  not  content  with  his  electibn 
of  Aylesbury,  but  endeavoured  to  be  chosen  at  Wickham,  but  lost 
it  there.     Colonel  Bridges,  late  major  to  Okey,  is  chosen,  who,  as 
your  lordship  knows,  is  a  very  honest  sober  man." 

Upon  the  downfal  of  the  Cromwelian  interest  he  rose  to  a 
greater  consequence  than  ever  he  bad  possessed,  and  was  considered 
as  one  of  the  firmest  supporters  of  the  republic.  In  November, 
1659,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  council  of  state,  where  he  con- 
stantly attended,  giving  out  and  sealing  commissions  for  raising 
of  forces ;  and  they  appointed  him  secretary  of  state,  and  custos 
rotulorum  of  the  city  of  Westminster. 

When  General  Monk  arrived  with  the  army  in  London,  and  re- 
stored the  secluded  members  of  the  Long  Parliament,  in  order  to  a 
dissolution  with  their  own  consent,  Mr.  Crew,  one  of  the  members, 
moved,  that  before  they  separated,  they  should  bear  witness  against 
the  horrid  murder  of  the  king ;  one  of  the  members  protesting  that 
he  had  neither  hand  or  heart  in  the  affair.  Mr.  Scot  rose  in  his 
place,  and  replied,  "  Though  iTcnow  not  where  to  hide  my  head  at 
this  time,  .yet  I  dare  not  refuse  to  own,  that  not  only  my  hand,  but 
my  heart  also  was  in  it ;  and  I  desire  no  greater  honour  in  this 
wbrldy  than  that  the  following  inscription  may  be. engraven  on  my 

tomb:   HERE  LIETH  OKE  WHO   HAD    A    HAND    AND    A    HEART    IN 
TBS  EXECUTION  OF  CHARLES  STUART,  LATE  KING  OF  ENGLAND  ;" 


150  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

kiid  then  left  the  houge,  followed  by  all  those  attached' U>  Us  ptflfri.j 
eiples. 

In  order  to  escape  the  impendiDg  storm^  Mr.  Scot  got  on  boaMi 
TBSBel  to  escape  to  the  continent,  but  was  intercept^  by  a  kmd( 
piratical  crew,  who  suspecting  what  he  really  was,  one  df  tite'^ 
scribed  republicans  (without,  however,  being  able  to  ascertaiaii 
after  plundering  him  with  impunity,  set  him  on  shore  in  HampAimj 
He  still  contrived  to  find  friends,  who  procured  him  another  Veui^i 
which  conveyed  him  to  Flanders ;  where,  die  instant  he  landed,  In^ 
was  seized  by  an  agent  for  the  king;  but  Don  Alonzo  CardeAam 
^vernor  of  the  Netherlands,  who  had  received  some  civilities  ft«l, 
Mr.  Scot,  while  he  was  ambassador  to  the  Conunonwealth,  wiliiftiiSi 
Castilian  honour  set  him  at  liberty.  Mr.  Scot  now  considei^d  thrf 
b^t  way  he  could  act,  would  be  to  surrender  hiniself  voluntarily  tit 
the  English  agent,  in  order  that  he  might  the  bettier  claim  thebieit»- 
fit  of  the  act  of  indemnity,  within  the  time  limited  by  law;  andwui 
brought  over  to  England  in  order  to  take  his  trial,  which  tookplflOl 
at  the  Old  Bailey,  Oct.  12,  1660;  when,  notwithstanding  hii  pM 
of  surrendering  to  the  king's  proclamation,  h^  was  found  guilty,  and 
Executed  at  Charing-cross,  the  1 9th  of  the  same  montii;  hafii^ 
rendered  himself  too  obnoxious  to  receive  mercy ! 


JOHN  HUTCHINSON,  esq.     Neagle  sc.  4to. 

JortN  Hutchinson,  esq.  t^i^A  his  seal  and  autograph. 
R.  Grave  sc.  8vo. 

John  Hutchinson,  esq.  was  eldest  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Hutchinson^ 
of  Outhorpe,  or  Obethorpe,  in  Nottinghamshire,  knight.  Sir  Tho- 
mas was  one  of  the  representatives  in  the  Long  Parliament,  for  the 
county  of  Nottingham,  and  both  father  and  son  were  of  the  parlia- 
ment-committee for  it. 

This  gentleipan  drew  his  sword  in  the  interest  of  the  parliament, 
and  entered  very  deeply  into  their  designs  from  the  commencemeotf 
of  the  civil  war,  and  rose  from  a  cornet  to  be  a  colonel.  The  par- 
liament intrusted  him  with  the  important  post  of  being  governor  of 
Nottingham  Castle;  and  in  1643,  he  wrote  to  his  employers,  that 
the  Earl  of  Newcastle  had  offered  him  10,000/;  to' appoint  him 
governor  of  it  under  the  king,  and  make  it  hereditary  in  his  family, 
^nd  also  to  create  him  a  baron,  if  he  would  sunender  to  him  for  the 


OF    ENGLAND.  151 

:  of  his  maje&ty ;  «}l  whioh  be  had  refiised. — la  the  following 
ify  Imb  ^ttacl^^  a  part  of  the  kug's  garrison  of  Newark,  slew  Cap* 
I  TbjnA]|>lf!h|rr$ueMl  took  fifty  prisoDers ;  and  the  next  day,  captiirecf; 
|VQ  o{  the  IpjaiUltjtft.;'  va  which  iiumber  were  twenty  gentlemen  and 
mn»  .with  si)ty  of  their  horses  and  furniture. 
^B-  w^i  QOt  so  fortunate  in  the  year  1645,  £or  a  troop  of  horse 
o^  tbu^  same  place  having  stormed  a  fort  upon  Trent-bridge,  near 
\  garri^ooi,  became  master  of  it,  and  put  about  forty  of  them 
ijtfi  3M(Oj<)r  At  this  time  there  existed  some  differences  between 
IgpVQi^r  and  the  committee  of  the  county ;  and  it  being  so  great 
lILimpQrjtant  a  situation  which  he  held,  it  was  referred  to-  a  com- 
ittee  of  both  kingdoms  to  take  care  for  the  safety  of  the  place.  He 
W  tbeo.  a;  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  for  the  county,  upon 
Hi deatji^ofhis  fiather.  A  little  time  after  he  had  another  engage-^ 
ffHt  wildx  the.  royal  troops,  and  obtaining  the  advantage,  took  sixty- 
jltQ  aad  forty-eight  foot,  some  officers  and  arms.  As  one  of  tha 
9|iy  he  was  extremely  active  against  the  king,  and  being  appointed 
fK  of  the.  cojnoiissiooers  of  the  high  court  of  justice^  he  was  both 
IpUiply  and  privately  busy  ia  the  ruin  of  the  unfortunate  monarch ; 
fp^  one.  of  the  committee  for  carrying  it  on,  he  sat  every  day  in 
to  Pai|)ted  Chamber,  and  in  Westminster  Hall,  except  on  the  12th 
nd  25th  days  of  January,,  and  signed  the  warrant  for  execution. 

The  parliament,  under  the  control  of  the  army,  named  him  one  of 
lie  council  of  state  in  1649,  and  1650,  but  he  never  more  was 
VQflted.  A  mutual  jealousy  taking  place  between  him  and  Crom- 
well, he  was  deprived  of  his  government  of  Nottiagham  Castle  y 
vhich  was  at  length  ordered  to  be  demolished  by  its  last  governor, 
3iptam  Poulton,  though  it  had  been  repaired  at  a  very  great  expense, 
ttd  rebuilt  in  a  very  beautiful  manner.  It  is  observable,  that  a 
pBat  part  had  been  taken  down,  and  the  iron,  and  other  materials^ 
^i  by  King  Charles  I.  just  before  the  civil  war.  Col.  Hutchinson 
^  now  reduced  to  the  state  of  a  private  gentleman,  from  which  the 
W^tector  would  not  permit  him  to  again  emerge ;  for  when,  in  li656y 
^  wished  to  be  returned  for  the  county  of  Nottingham,  he  was  so 
^>OBed  by  the  government,  that  he  lost  his  election. 
'VlHieiitthe  republican  government  was  restoired,  he  again  took  his 
^fi^  in  the  Long  Badiaroent  that  reassembled ;  and  to  the  great 
^l^a^.of  aU»  eidromely  pressed  the  House  to  proceed  against  Sir 
eniy  Vane>  fbr  not  removing  into  the  country,  according  to  their 
!4er^  though:  h«  wa5,  it  waa.  known,  indisposed  as  not  to  be  able 
b^tfml  gr^at  dmgecto  hisJife;  but  at.tUB^  time  he  had  made  hia 


152  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

peace,  through  General  Monk,  with  King  Charles  II.  ttioo^ 
wonderful  by  what  means,  for  he  had  then  no  goyemment,  ( 
portant  castle  to  deliver  up.  He  was  not  therefore  pat  in  i 
ceptive  clause  in  the  bill  of  indemnity  as  one  of  the  king^s  j 
which  saved  himself  and  his  family  from  public  disgrace: 
was  too  obnoxious  to  retain  his  seat  in  the  convention  parlian 
to  go  at  large ;  he  was  therefore  sent  prisoner  to  Deal  Cs 
Kent,  where  he  died,  and  his  remains  were  sent  to  Outhor] 
buried  in  the  vault  he  had  long  before  prepared,  when  be 
the  church.  In  his  religious  principles  he  set  out  as  a  rigi 
byterian ;  but  afterward  became  a  staunch  IndependentySi 
in  the  communion  of  the  church  of  Englapd. 

By  his  pardon  he  was  enabled  to  leave  his  seat  and  m 
Outhorpe,  and  the  manor  of  Salterford,  in  the  forest,  with 
quired  property,  to  his  son,  Charles  Hutchinson,  esq.  The 
sold  their  large  seat  and  estate  of  Outhorpe  about  the  yea 
when  they  removed  to  Woodhall  Park,  in  Hatfield,  Herts^ 
came  to  them  by  marriage  with  the  heiress  of  the  Botel^rs ; 
Rev.  Julius  Hutchinson,  of  Bowes,  near  Southgate,  in  Mid 
about  the  year  1790,  disposed  of  it  to  the  Marquis  of  Sal 
who  had  pulled  down  the  old  mansion,  though  the  repairi 
had  cost  that  gentleman  from  3000/.  to  4000Z. 


Major-Gen.  Sir  THOMAS  MORGAN;  a 
length  etching.    E.  B.Gulston  fecit ;  half  sheet. 

Major-Gen.  Sir  Thomas  Morgan  ;  from  c 
ginal  picture  in  the  collection  of  —  Tynte^  esi 
Cooper  6'c.  4to. 

The  first  intelligence  we  have  of  this  republican  comms 
recorded  in  a  successful  plan  he  laid  to  surprise  a  garrisoi 
interest  of  King  Charles  the  First ;  which  he  effected  in  th< 
ing  manner :  the  besieged  governor  wanting  hands  to  woi 
fortress,  issued  out  a  precept  in  the  king*s  name,  directei 
constables,  &c,  in  the  neighbourhood,  to  send  in  such  pe 
were  likely  to  serve  and  assist  on  the  occasion.  Morgan 
time  a  colonel  in  the  Commonwealth's  service,  being  apprise 
governor's  intention,  disguised  a  number  of  his  troopers,  ir 


OF   ENGLAND.  153 

Crocks  and  other  country  apparel,  at  the  head  of  whcnn  preceded  a 
felloWy  representing  a  constable,  at  the  head  of  the  supposed  loyal 
recmits.  In  the  mean  time  he  had  taken  care  to  place  a  quantity 
of  arroa  and  ammunition  within  a  few  paces  from  the  entrance  to  the 
besieged  place.  The  sentinels  on  duty,  not  doubting  but  the  party 
were  friends,  readily  admitted  them  within  the  works,  and  were  in 
consequence  soon  mastered ;  ^nd  the  remnant  of  the  rebel  pasty, 
with  Colonels  Birch  and  Morgan  at  their  head,  made  an  easy  con- 
quest of  the  royalists. 

He  appears  to  have  been  in  great  favour  with  Oliver  Cromwell, 
by  whom  he  was  intrusted  with  the  command  of  the  English  forces, 
whio^  Cromwell  sent  to  assist  the  French  against  the  Spaniards,  in 
die  year  1657,  at  the  siege  of  Dunkirk.  The  particulars  are  drawn 
^  by  the  general  himself,  under  the  following  title :  *'  A  true  and 
jast  Relation  of  Major-general  Sir  Thomas  Morgan's  Progress  in 
France  and  Flanders,  with  the  six  thousand  Eaglish,  in  the  Years 
1657  and  1658,  at  the  taking  of  Dunkirk,  and  other  important 
Places :"  London,  1699 ;  quarto.  It  has  been  reprinted  in  the  Har- 
IctaB  Miscellany,  and  in  Morgan's  Phoenix  Britannicus. 

When  General  Monk  was  making  a  party  in  Scotland,  he  became 
Jealous  of  the  rising  greatness  of  General  Lambert ;  and  when  the 
latter  with  his  army  had  passed  York,  Monk  called  an  assembly  of 
the  Scottish  nation,  whom  he  prevailed  on  to  advance  him  an  arrear 
of  twelve  months'  tax  over  the  kingdom ;  and  after  he  had  assigned 
tliOBe  whom  he  thought  fit  to  leave  behind  him,  he  placed  the  whole 
under  the  command  of  Major-general  Morgan.  To  this  circum- 
stance may  be  attributed  the  easy  terms  on  which  Morgan  made  his 
peace  with  the  royal  party.  The  latest  notice  we  have  of  the 
major-general,  is  the  attendance  made  at  the  funeral  of  his  old 
commander.  Monk,  duke  of  Albemarle,  where  he  carried  the  guy- 
tlon,  supported  by  Sir  John  Griffith,  and  Colonel  Henry  Marckham. 

Colonel  JOHN  RUSSELL,  brother  to  William,  first 
duke  of  Bedford ;  from  the  original  by  Dobson,  in  the 
gallery  at  Althorp.   Worthington  sc.  8vo. 

Colonel  John  Russell;  in  Harding's  '^ Biogra- 
pkical  Mirrour''    S.  Harding  deL  4to. 

Colonel  John  Russell  was  the  youngest  son  of  Francis,  earl  of 

VOL.  V.  X 


154  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

Bedford,  by  Catharine,  sole  daughter  and  heiress  of  Giles  Bridges,^ 
lord  ChandoB.  He  very  early  embraced  a  military  life,  and  serv-ed 
with  great  reputation  during  the  civil  wars,  in  the  cause  of  King 
Charles  I. ;  and  after  the  restoration  of  King  Charles  II.  was  made 
colonel  of  the  first  regiment  of  foot-guards,  and  died  unmarried. 


The  true  and  lively  portraiture  of  that  valiant  and 
worthy  patriot  and  captain  SIR  GEORGE  RAWDON, 
knight  and  baronet;  JEtatis  suce  63,  R.  White  delin. 
et  sculp,  Ato. 

This  head  belongs  to  a  set,  which  was  engraved  for  a  genealogi- 
cal history  of  his  family,  in  manuscript ;  from  which  Mr.  Thoresby 
has  given  us  some  extracts,  in  his  **  Ducatus  Leodiensis." 

Sir  George  Rawdon  was  of  the  elder  branch  of  the  family  of  that 
name,  long  seated  at  Rawdon,  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Leeds,  in 
Yorkshire.  In  1641,  he  went  into  Ireland,  in  the  quality  of  seijeant- 
major  to^Lord  Conway's  regiment  of  foot;  where  he  bravely -at- 
tacked the  rebels,  and  gave  the  first  check  to  their  rapid  progress. 
He  was  afterward  made  a  major  of  horse,  and  had,  for  a  long 
time,  the  sole  command  of  the  cavalry  in  the  province  of  Ulster. 
He  signalized  his  valour  upon  many  other  occasions ;  and  was  uni- 
versally esteemed  an  excellent  soldier.  He  was,  for  his  eminent 
services,  created  a  baronet,  on  the  20th  of  May,  1 665 ;  and  died  in 
August,  1683,  in  the  82d  year  of  his  age.  He  married  Dorothy, 
daughter  of  Edward,  lord  viscount  Conway. 


The  true  and  lively  portraiture  of  that  valiant  colo- 
nel, THOMAS  RAWDON,  eldest  son  of  that  worthy 
knight,  Sir  Marmaduke  Rawdon,  of  Hodsdon  :  he  was 
agent  from  King  Charles  the  1st  to  John,  the  4th  king 
of  Portugal,  and  died  at  Hodsdon,  30th  July,  An**  Dom. 
1666 ;  Matismce  54.    R.  White  sc. 

.  Thomas  Rawdon  was  born  1611-12,  and  at  ten  years  of  age  was 
sent  ^o  Bordeaux ;  where.,  in  one  of  the  colleges,  he  learned  Latin 
and  French.  He  returned  to  England  with  the  Earl  of  Bristol;  ani 
'ia  the  passage  contracted  such  a  friendship  with  the  son,  Lord 


OF   ENGLAND.  165 

George  Digby,  that  a  reciprocal  kindness  remained  till  their  dea^s* 
During  the  troubles  of  King  Charles,  he  was  made  a  captain  of  a 
troop  of  horse,  and  afterward  a  colonel  of  horse.  He  was  engaged 
in  both  the  fights  at  Newbury :  in  the  first  he  had  one  of  his  horses 
slain,  and  in  the  second  narrowly  escaped ;  his  buff  coat  being 
shot  through,  near  his  belly ;  but  the  bullet,  being  deadened,  lay 
between  his  doublet  and  shirt,  unknown  to  him  till  he  pulled  off  his 
dothes.  He  was  afterward  sent  as  the  king's  agent  into  Portugal, 
and  was  very  much  attached  to  his  sovereign,  by  whom  he  was  con- 
stantly employed.  After  travelling  abroad  he  retired  to  his  house 
at  Hoddesdon,  where  he  died,  but  was  buried  at  Broxborne, 


A  SCOTCH  GENERAL. 

«  General  THOMAS  DALYELL  (DALZIEL),  who 
served  Charles  the  Second  at  the  battle  of  Worcester, 
and  thereafter  being  taken  prisoner  by  the  rebels,  after 
long  imprisonment  made  his  escape  out  of  the  Tower 
of  London,  went  to  Muscovy,  where  he  served  the  Em- 
peror of  Russia  as  one  of  the  generals  of  his  forces 
against  the  Polanders  and  Tartars,  till  the  year  1665/ 
when  he  was  recalled  by  King  Charles  the  Second ; 
and  thereafter  did  command  his  majesty's  forces  at  the 
defeat  of  the  rebels  at  Pentland  Hills,  in  Scotland ;  and 
continued  lieutenant-general  in  Scotland,  when  his 
majestjr  had  any  standing  forces  in  that  kingdom,  till 
the  year  of  his  death,  1685,  &c."  D.  Patton  delin. 
P,  Vandrebanc  sc.  h.sh. 

Thomas  Dalziel,   in  armour.     Lizars  sc.     In 
Charles's  *'  Preservation,'' 

Thomas  Dalziel,  an  excellent  soldier,  but  a  singular  man,  was 
taken  prisoner,  fighting*  for  Charles  II.  at  the  battle  of  Worcester* 

*  Sec  tbe  memoirs  referred  to  »t  tbe  end  of  this  article. 


156  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

After  his  return  from  Muscovy,  he  bad  the  command  of  the  king'f 
forcets  in  Scotland ;  but  refused  to  serve  in  that  kingdom  under  ^e 
Duke  of  Monmouth,  by  whom  he  was  superseded  only  for  a  fort* 
night.  After  the  battle  of  Bothwell-bridge,  he,  with  the  franknesi 
which  was  natural  to  him,  openly  reproved  the  duke  for  his  miscon*  \ 
duct  upon  that  occasion.  As  he  never  shaved  his  beard  since  tb^  ^ 
murder  of  Charles  I.  it  grew  so  lon^,  that  it  reached  almost  to  hii  i 
girdle.  Though  his  head  was  bald,  he  never  wore  a  peruke ;  ba(  '^ 
covered  it  with  a  beaver  hat,  the  brim  of  which  was  about  three  i 
inches  broad.  He  never  wore  boots,  nor  above  one  coat,  which  had  j 
straight  sleeves,  and  sat  close  to  his  body.  He  constantly  went  to  j 
London  once  a  year  to  kiss  the  king's  hand.  His  grotesque  figure  ; 
attracted  the  notice  of  the  populace,  and  he  was  followed  by  a  : 
rabble,  with  huzzas,  wherever  he  went.  See  a  characteristic  account 
of  him  in  the  *^  Memoirs  of  Capt.  John  Creichton/*  in  the  Idth  vol, 
of  Swift's  ''Works."* 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  NAVY. 

JAMES,  duke  of  York,  lord  high-admiral,  gained  the  highest 
reputation  by  his  courage  on  board  the  fleet,  in  the  first  Dutch  war. 
He  understood  naval  afiairs ;  and  his  conduct  with  respect  to  the 
navy,  after  he  ascended  the  throne,  ought  to  be  remembered  to  bis 
honour.  He,  in  this  reign,  invented  the  signals  used  at  sea.  See 
Class  I.f 

*  The  foUowing  anecdote  in  Sir  John  Dalrjmple's  Memoirs  f  is  also  characteristic 
4>C  his  spirit : 

*'  James  (the  Second)  gained  numbers  of  the  Scotch  by  familiarity.  He  had  long 
disgusted  them  by  his  distance :  the  change  in  his  manners  was  owing  to  an.accS- 
dent.  When  the  Dutchess  of  York  came  first  to  Scotland,  she  one  day  obaerred. 
three  covers  upon  the  dining-table.  She  asked  the  duke  for  whom  the  third  w^  jiw 
tended  ?  He  answered,  for  General  Dalziel,  whom  he  had  asked  to  dine  with  bin. 
The  dtttchess  refused  to  permit  a  private  gentleman  to  sit  at  table  with  hei.  Dakiel, 
who  had  been  in  the  imperial  service,  entered  the  room  in  the  mean  time ;  and, 
hearing  ^e  scrupled  of  the  dutchess,  told  her,  he  had  alined  at  a  table  whef«  her 
father  had  stood  at  his  back;  alluding  to  the  Duke  of  Modena's  being  a  vassal  of 
the  emperor.  The  dutchess  felt  the  reproof,  and  advised  her  faaaband  not  to  ofeod 
the  pride  of  prood  men." 

t  Charles  II.  never  attended  (o  any  business,  but  that  of  the  navy,  whieh  be  per- 
fcotiy  anderstood .    It  is  well  known  that  the  naval  history  of  that  prince  h  the 
shining  part  of  the  annals  of  his  reign. 


I  Vol.  i.  p.  136,  2d  edit,  notes. 


QF    ENGIiANP.  J57 

Prince  RUPERT,  who  was  brav€  to  temerity,  commanded  the 
fleet  in  conjunction  with  the  Duke  of  Albemarle,  in  1666.  His  cou« 
rage  in  this  war  is  mentioned  with  high  encomiums  by  our  poets* 
and  historians :  but  all  these  he  richly  deserved.  It  was  indeed  so 
great,  that  it  could  scarce  be  exaggerated.  In  the  last  Dutch 
war,  he  seemed  to  retain  all  the  ptctivity  and  fire  of  his  youth,  and 
beat  the  enemy  in  several  engagements.  He  was  succeeded  in  his 
command  of  vice-admiral,  by  the  Duke  of  Grafton,  in  1682.  See 
Class  I.  and  X. 

GEORGE  MONK,  duke  of  Albemarle,  who  had  acquired  a  great 

reputation  as  a  sea-officer,  before  the  restoration,  signalized  his 

courage,  in  an  astonishing  manner,  in  the  memorable  engagement 

with  the  Dutch,  which  began  the  1st  of  June,  1666,  and  continued 

four  days.    He  was  very  near  being  overpowered  by  numbers,  when 

he  was  joined,  on  the  third  day,  by  Prince  Rupert,  who  ravished  the 

victory  from  the  enemy^s  hands.     The  last  display  of  his  courage, 

which  was  equal  at  least  to  any  other  act  of  his  life,  was  exposing 

lumself  to  the  cannon  shot  of  the  Dutch,  when  they  burnt  the 

English  ships  at  Chatham.     This  effort  of  valour,  which  looked  like 

rashAess,  was  then  absolutely  necessary,  to  encourage  others  to  do 

their  duty.     The  love  which  the  seamen  had  for  him  had  as  great 

influence  onboard  the  fleet  as  his  personal  bravery.  They  frequently 

called  him,  **  Honest  George  Monck.''     See  Class  IL 

EDWARD,  earl  of  Sandwich,  a  man  bf  clear,  as  well  as  fervid 
courage,  commanded  the  fleet  which  brought  over  Charles  the  Se- 
cond. One  of  the  greatest  battles  ever  fought  with  the  Dutch,  or 
any  other  enemy,  was  on  the  3d  of  June,  1665;  when  this  gallant 
officer  bore  with  his  squadron  into  the  centre  of  the  Dutch  fleet,  and 
presently  threw  it  into  that  confusion  which  ended  in  victory.  He 
Was  not  only  a  man  of  merit  in  himself,  but  had  also  much  of  that  kind 
of  merit  which  endeared  him  to  the  sailors ;  who,  after  the  death  of 
the  Duke  of  Albemarle,  loved  and  revered  him  as  their  father  and 
piptector-    S^e  Class  IJI. 

SIR  EDWARD  SPRAGUE  (Spragge),  kn*.  ad- 
miral  of  the  bliie  squadron,  1672,  &c. 

V 

*  See  Dryden's  "Anuus  Mirabilis/'  iniiis  Miscellanies,  iii.  p.  19,  20. 


IS8 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


"  Si  totus  (fractus)  illabatur  orbis, 
Impaviilum  ferient  ruinEe." 

k.  sh.  mezz.  oval. 

Sir  Edward  Spragge.    E.  Harding. 

This  great  and  amiable  man,  who  ia  1 672  saccecded  tlia  Eul  oE 
Sandwich  in  command,*  very  nearly  TeEembled  tliat  DoblODin  in 
courage,  benevolence,  and  sweetness  of  temper;  and  w«w)lwi 
eminent  for  his  abiUtiea  in  the  cabinet.  He  was  captain  of  anu 
of  war  in  the  first  engagement  with  the  Dutch,  on  the  3d  of  Jiue. 
1665 ;  when  he  so  far  distinguished  himself  by  his  gallant  be- 
haviour, that  be  was  soon  after  knighted  by  the  king,  on  board  ibe 
Royal  Charles.  He  attracted  the  particulai-  notice  of  the  Duke  iJ 
Albemarle,  in  the  four  days  battle  in  1666;  and  in  another  battle, 
fought  the  25th  of  July  the  same  year,  he  contributed  greatly  to  ihe 
,  defeat  of  the  enemy.  He  burnt  a  considerable  number  of  the 
Dutch  fire-ships  when  they  came  up  the  Thames,  threw  their  fl«t:l 
into  confusion,  and  pursued  it  to  the  river's  mouth.  In  1671,  he 
burnt  in  the  Bay  of  Bugia,  seven  Algerine  men  of  war,  which  hul 
been  selected  on  purpose  to  fi^bl  him.  In  the  last  Dutch  war.k 
singled  out  Van  Tromp,  whom,  as  be  told  the  king,  hewaadetfi- 
mined  to  bring  alive  or  dead,  or  peri&h  in  the  attempt.  AAer  be 
bad  lost  two  ships  in  his  engagement  with  the  Dutch  admirali  Bed 
was  preparing  to  hoist  his  flag  on  board  n  third,  a  shot  (tva  ihi: 
enemy  sunk  him,  together  with  his  boat.  The  generous  Troapdid 
not  only  do  justice  to  his  valour,  but  even  lamented  bis  death.  0*> 
U  Aug.  1673. 


GEORGIO    AISCUE,  Cavalier    Ammiraglio,  &c. 
quarlo;  1660. 

Sir  George  Ayscue,  admiral;   1666.    W.  S^ 
ardson.  ^ 

Sir  George  Ayscue  ;    bust  on  a  pedestal;  8w>. 
Sivaine  sc. 


.Atsciute, 

(LMtlnu'yla/   /666. 


OF    ENGLAND-  169 

'  Sir  George  Ayscue^  admiral  of  the  English  fleet ; 
eval;  k.  sk. 

It  is  scarce  possible  to  give  a  higher  character  of  the  courage  of 
this  brave  admiral,  than  to  say  that  he  was  a  match  for  Van  Tromp 
(fr De  Riiy ter ;  both  *whom  he  engaged  in  the  first  Dutch  war* 
without  being  conquered.     In  1648,  when  the  fleet  revolted  to 
Prince  Rupert,  he  declared  for  the  parliament,  and  brought  the  Lion 
man  of  war,  which  he  then  commanded,  into  the  river  Thames.  He 
was  the  next  year  appointed  admiral  of  the  Irish  seas,  and  had  a 
great  hand  in  reducing  the  whole  island  to  the  obedience  of  the  re- 
public.    In  1651,  he  forced  Barbadoes,  and  several  other  Britfsh 
settlements  in  America,  to  submit  to  the  commonwealth.     In  1652^  ^ 
he  attacked  a  Dutch  fleet  of  forty  sail,  under  the  convoy  of  four 
men  qf  war  :  of  those  he  burnt  some,  took  others,  apd  drove  the 
rest  on  shore.     Lilly  tells  us,  in  his  Almanack  for  1653,  that  he,  the 
year  before,  engaged  sixty  sail  of  Dutch  men  of  war,  with  fourteen 
nr  fifteen  ships  only,  and  made  them  give  way.     He  protested 
agaunst  Blake's  retreat  in  that  desperate  action  of  the  29th  of  No* 
vember^  1652,  thinking  it  much  more  honourable  to  die  by  the  shot 
of  the  enemy.     This,  and  his  great  influence  over  the  seamen,  are 
supposed  to  have  been  the  reasons  for  his  being  afterward  dismissed 
from  his  command.     He  was  a  short  time  admiral  in  Sweden^  un- 
der Charles  Gustavus;  but  returned  to  England  soon  after  the 
restoration.     In  1666,  he  commanded  on  board  the  Royal  Prince^ 
the  largest  ship  in  the  navy,  and  generally  esteemed  the  finest  in 
the  world.     He  engaged  the  Dutch  with  his  usual  intrepidity  and 
success,  in  that  memorable  battle  which  continued  four  days :  but 
on  the  third  day  his  ship  ran  on  the  Galloper  sand,  and  he  was 
compelled  by  his  own  seamen  to  strike.     He  was  for  some  months 
detained  a  prisoner  in  Holland  ;  and,  during  that  time,  was  carried 
from  one  town  to  another,  and  exposed  to  the  people  by  way  of 
triumph.    He  never  afterward  went  to  sea. 

WILLIAM  PEN  was,  from  a  common  man,  advanced  to  the 
rank  of  an  admiral  by  Cromwell,  with  whom  he  was  a  great  favour- 
ite, before  he  failed  in  his  attempt  upon  St.  Domingo.  After  the 
Protector's  death,  he  was  restored  to  his  command,  and  knighted  by 


♦  Before  the  restoration. 


ICO  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Charles  II.  He  was  appointed  one  of  the  assessori  to  th«M 
high -admiral,  and  had  a.  great  share  of  his  confidence  and  (ml 
See  the  Intbrregkum,  OIqes  VII. 


JOHN  LAWSON,  admiral  of  the  EnglUh  1l« 
1666  (1665);  in  armour;  k.  sh.  mezz* 


Giovanni  Lausson,  Ammjraglio  Ingli 
an  oval;  4lo, 


1^^ 

m 


aUHvll^ 
footmftV 


Sir  John  Lawson,    admiral  ;    slain  l] 
W.  Richardson. 


Sir  John  Lawson,  who  was  the  son  of  a  poor  c 
when  he  entered  into  the  sea-service,  upon  the  Bame  foot  H 
and,  like  him,  rose  by  regular  gradations  to  an  admiral.  Henli 
the  actions  under  Blake,  ^ho  saw  and  did  justice  to  bis  tna]|> 
he  was  a  man  of  excellent  sense,  he  made  the  justest  obieivllu 
upon  naval  affairs ;  though  in  his  manners  he  retained  miu^l'rfl 
bluntneBs  and  roughness  of  the  tarpaulin.  He  was  oftea  tStA 
with  by  the  Duke  of  York,  who  had  a  high  opiniotj  of  his  judgiK 
He  acquitted  himself  with  great  courage  and  conduct  in  muiyi 
gagements  with  the  Dutch ;  particularly  in  1633,  when  he  and ^ 
were  rewarded  with  gold  chains  for  their  eminent  serricei.  X 
Algerines,  who  were  robbers  by  principle  and  profession,  sod  If 
erected  piracy  into  a  system  of  government,  were  effectually  clijl 
tised  by  him,  and  compelled  to  submit  to  a  more  disadvantign 
peace  than  they  had  ever  made  with  any  of  the  states  of  Cbli^ 
dom.  He  was  vice-admiral  under  the  Earl  of  Sandwich,  whooi'l 
for  a  short  time,  succeeded  in  command,  when  he  was  dismisBeS 
the  parliament.  Though  he  was  in  his  heart  a  republicaOfJ 
readily  closed  with  the  design  for  restoring  the  king.  He  dlefl 
June,  1665,  of  a  shot  in  the  knee,  which  he  received  in  an  engij 
ment  with  the  Dutch,  off  Harwich,  when  the  Dutch  admiral  1 
blown  ap ;  in  which  he  was  observed  to  exceed  ail  that  he  had  di 
before.t 


L 


•  I  never  heerd  of  any  one  wlio  h>i}  seen  this  prir 

t  The  !»le  Col.  Richard  Norton,  of  aouthmct,  in  I 

rulin  Lbwsdd.     This  gentlcioaii  was  reinarkahle  for  i 


-W.  Hic 


SiE  Johln.La'wson,  Abmirail, 


J^tSfMUfWJU'Aanlin,  FfitHivrSlraad. 


J 


OF   ENGLAND.  IGl 

SIR  THOMAS  ALLEN,  admiral  of  the  English 
fleet,  1666 ;  a  truncheon  in  his  hand;  h.  sh.  mezz.* 

Sir  Thomas  Allen,  ^.73, 1686.  Knelkrp.  Van- 
drebanc  sc.  sheet ;  Jim. 

Sir  Thomas  Allen,  &c.    B.  Reading  sc. 

This  biave  and  expert  officer  was  the  first  that  entered  upon 
hoatilities  agaiogt  the  Dutch,  in  1665,  by  attacking  their  Smyrna 
fleet.  The  squadron  that  he  commanded  conBisted  but  of  eight 
riiips;  tiut  what  he  wanted  in  force,  he  supplied  by  courage  and 
conduct.  He  killed  their  commodore  Brackel,  took  four  merchant- 
men  richly  laden,  and  drove  the  rest  into  the  bay  of  Cadiz.  On  the 
25th  of  July,  1666,  be,  at  the  head  of  the  white  aquadroQ,  fell  upon 
the  Dutch  van,  entirely  defeated  it,  and  lulled  the  three  admirals 
who  commanded  that  division.  The  victory  of  this  day,  in  which 
he  had  a  principal  hand,  was  indisputably  on  the  side  of  the  Eng- 
lish. Then  it  was  that  De  Ruyter  exclaimed,  "  My  God,  what  a 
irrttch  sm  I !  among  so  many  thousand  bullets,  is  there  not  one  to 
;lfieout  of  my'pain?"     See  the  reiga  of  James  II. 


^-SIR  JOSEPH  JORDAN,  admiral.  Lelyp.   Tomp- 
9€xc.  large  k.  sk.  mezz. 

t(R  Joseph  Jordan.    Lely  ;   W.  Richardson;  '^to. 

I  most  memorable  action  of  Sir  Joseph  Jordan  was  in  the 
■'battle  of  Solebay.t  when  he  fell  with  his  squadron  into  the  ^i^-  j^ 
^  of  the  Dutch  fleet,  and  threw  it  into  the  utmost  confusion.  167*. 

A  left  bii  eslate  to  tlie  poor  id  generaJ,  and  nomiuaCed  the  two  arcliblshopi 
;  and,  in  case  af  liieir  decllnii^g  ttie  tiusi,  the  parliatuetit.    His  orders 
)l  to  bit  funeral,  and  sevefal  of  his  legacies,  were  equolJ;  ettraordinary. 
d  to  the  late  Kiag  George  several  pictures,  vhicb  now  teiDBia  in  (he 
|l  collcctioa,  alio  a  print  of  St.  Cecilia,  after  a  paiadng  of  Raphael.t     His  grand- 
's gold  chain  and  medal  were  left  (d  Mr.  Kichord  Chicliley.— As  llie  (ettator 
IS  adjudged  to  be  insBDC,  his  will  was  set  aside. 
*  Query  if  there  is  an;  aocb  print.  t  Or  Soutbitold  Baj. 

t  I  thiiib  it  iras  that  engraved  liy  Marc  Antouio. 


162  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

The  advantage  was  long  on  the  side  of  the  Dutch,  as  the  Eaglisb 
were  overpowered  by  numbers ;  but  by  this  action,  the  fortune  of 
the  day  was  reversed,  and  the  English  gained  the  victory,  h 
should  also  be  remembered,  that  in  this  battle  he  abandoned  Ae 
brave  and  accomplished  Earl  of  Sandwich  to  the  Dutch  fire-shipi, 
in  order  to  succour  the  Duke  of  York. 


SIR   WILLIAM    BERKELEY,  admiral;   h  a. 

niezz. 

.  .  .  ■  • 

Sir  William  Bartley,*  admiral.  P.  Ldy  p^. 
jR.  Tompson  exc.  k,  sk.  mezz. 

Sir  William  Berkeley  was  son  of  Sir  Charles  Berkeley,  and  fani- 
ther  to  Charles,  earl  of  Falmouth.  He  was  vice-admiral  rf  Ae 
white  squadron,  and  led  the  van  in  the  desperate  engagement  ifi& 
the  Dutch,  which  began  on  the  1st  of  June,  and  continued  fonr  dqri* 
Prompted  by  his  usual  courage,  he  steered  into  the  midst. jof  Ae 
enemy's  fleet,  where  he  was  soon  overpowered  by  numbei^.*  '|le 
was  found  dead  in  his  cabin,  covered  with  blood.  0&.  Ilile^ 
1666.  ■        /  • 

CHRISTOPHER  MINGH  (Minxs),  1666, /(tf.» 
Gualo  Hist.  Leopoldo. 

SirCiiristopher  Mingh  (Minns),  admiral;  1666. 
W.  Richardson  ;  4to. 

Sir  Christopher  Mingh.    Harding. 

Sir  Christopher  Minns  was  son  of  an  honest  shoemaker  of  Londoo, 
from  whom  he  inherited  nothing  but  a  good  constitution.  He  was 
remarkable,  early  in  life,  for  a  spirit  of  adventure,  and  had  gamed 
an  estate  in  the  West  Indies,  before  he  became  an  officer  of  rank 
in  the  navy.  He  was  a  man  of  good  underistanding,  which  he  dis- 
covered both  in  speaking  and  acting.     Though  he  was  affable  and 

*  His  name  is  here  spelt  according  to  the  popular  prononciation. 


_    Chjbistophek.  Mingh,(Minn"SO 


J-ub  f  WJiyWJtUAardrcnYe^Efajt  JinnJ . 


A 


OF  ENGLAND.  168 

» 

familiar  witb  the  seamen^  no  man  knew  better  how  to  maiiitain  hiB 
authority.  The  men  under  his  inspection  were  well  paid  and  fedy 
and  had  always  justice  done  them  in  the  distribution  of  prizes. 
Hence  it  was,  that  he  was  both  honoured  and  beloved.  He  had,  in 
the  course  of  his  life,  often  manifested  his  actiye  and  passive  cou- 
rage ;  but  never  in  a  more  extraordinary  degree,  than  at  the  ap* 
proacb  of  death.  On  the  fourth  day  of  the  famous  battle  that  be- 
gan the  1st  of  June,  he  received  a  shot  in  the  neck;*  after  which, 
though  he  was  in  exquisite  pain,  he  continued  in  his  command, 
holding  his  wound  with  both  his  hands  for  above  an  hour.  At 
length  another  shot  pierced  his  throat,  and  laid  him  for  ever  at  rest. 
Oh.  4  June,  1666.t 

THOMAS,  earl  of  Ossory,  is  well  known  to  have  sought  fame  in 
every  part  of  Europe,  and  in  every  scene  of  action  where  it  was  to 
be  acquired.     In  1666,  upon  his  return  from  Ireland,  he  paid  a 
visit  to  the  Earl  of  Arhngton,  at  his  seat  at  Euston  in  Suffolk  ;t 
where  he  happened  to  hear  the  firing  of  guns  at  sea,  in  the  famous 
battle  that  began  the  1st  of  June.     He  instantly  prepared  to  go  on 
board  the  fleet,  where  he  arrived  on  the  3d  of  that  month  ;  and  had 
Ae  satisfaction  of  informing  the  Duke  of  Albemarle,  that  Prince 
Rupert  was  hastening  to  join  him.     He  had  his  share  in  the  glo- 
rious actions  of  that  and  the  succeeding  day.     His  reputation  was 
much  increased  by  his  behaviour  in  the  engagement  off  Southwold  May  28, 
Bay.    In  1673,  he  was  successively  made  rear-admiral  of  the  blue  ^^2* 
and  the  red  squadrons :  he  having,  in  the  battle  of  the  11th  of  Au- 
gust, that  year,  covered  the  Royal  Prince,  on  board  of  which  Sir 
Edvard  Spragge  commanded,  and  at  length  brought  off  the  shat- 
tered vessel  in  tow.     On  the  10th  of  September  following,  he  was. 


*  Lloyd,  by  mistake,  says  it  was  in  the  mouth.  '  See  Campbell. 

1 1  am  credibly  informed  that  when  he  had  taken  a  Spanish  man  of  war,  and 

fotten  the  commander  on  board  his  ship,  he  committed  the  care  of  him  to  a  lieote- 

oant,  who  was  directed  to  observe  his  behaviour.     Shortly  after,  word  was  brought 

to  Minns  that  the  Spaniard  was  deploring  his  captivity,  and  wondering  what  great 

captain  it  could  be  who  had  made  Don  »  with  a  long  and  tedious  string  of 

names  and  titles,  his  prisoner.    The  lieutenant  was  ordered  to  return  to  his  charge, 

and,  if  the  Don  persisted  in  his  curiosity,  to  tell  him  that  Kit  'Mxivm  had  taken  him. 

This  diminutive  name  utterly  confounded  the  titulado,  threw  him  into  an  agony  of 

grief,  and  gave  him  more  acute  pangs  than  all  the  rest  of  his  misfortunes. 

\  Euston,  or  Ewston,  is  in  the  "  Biographia,"  p.  1072,  said  erroneously  to  be  in 
Norfolk. 


164  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

by  the  king,  appointed  admiral  of  the  whole  fieet,  daring  the  absence 
of  Prince  Rupert.     See  CIa«  111.  :4 

SIR    TRETSWELL    MOLLIS    (Fretcheville  ^ 

HoLLEs).   Leli/p.    Browne ;  k.  sh.  mezz. 

Sir  Trztswell  Hollis;  sword  in  His  left  kani. 
W.  Richardson, 

Sir  Tretswell  Hollis  ;  oval.    Harding  sc. 

Sir  Fretcheville  Holies  possessed,  in  a  high  degree,  that 
for  which  his  family  was  distinguished.-  He  behaved  with  his  ui 
intre^ity  in  the  famous  engagement  with  the  Dutch,  that  continued 
four  days,  in  which  be  unfortunately  lost  an  ann.  He  was  rear- 
admiral  under  Sir  Robert  Holmes,  when  he  attacked  the  Smyrna 
fleet,  which  was  the  first  act  of  hostility  in  the  last  Dutch  war.  He 
was  killed,  with  several  other  brave  officers,  in  the  battle  of  South- 
wold  Bay,  on  the  28th  of  May,  1673. 


SIR  JOHN  CHICHELEY.  Lefy  p.  Browne ;  h.  sh. 
mexs. 

Sir  John  Chicheley  was  a  rear-admiial  under  Prince  Rnp^ii 
the  last  Dutch  war.  When  Sir  Edward  Sprag^  was  like  to  fl 
overpowered  by  the  enemy,  Sir  John,  toother  w&b  the  prince,  \f_ 
down  to  his  assistance :  but  notwithstanding  the  efforts  -of  I 
friends,  and  bis  own  invincible  courage,  that  great  roan  had  V 
fifter  the  misfortune  to  lose  hb  life.  Sir  John  Chicheley  v 
the  commisBioners  of  the  admiralty,  and  member  of  parliameo^fl 
Newton,  in  Lancashire,  in  the  reign  of  William  UL 


HENRICUS  TERNE,  armiger,.  qui,  Anno  1660/ 
Hispanorum  VI.  navium  classero,  per  IX.  horas,  solus 
sustiDuit ;  et  quamvis  graviter  saucius,  repulit ;  primus 
ob  regem  reducem  sanguinem  fudit :  in  prselio  demum 


OF    ENGLANI>.  166 

udversus  Batavos,  Junii  1,  1666,  strenui  ducis  opera 
fungens,  fortissimam  animam  exhalavit.  W.  Sheppardp. 
GuiL  Faithorne  sc.  large  h.  sh.  scarce. — This  was  after^ 
ward  altered  to  the  Duke  of  Monmouth^  and  the  names 
of  the  painter  and  engraver  erased. 


CLASS   VIIL 

SONS  OF  PEERS  WITHOUT  TITLES>  BARO- 
NETS, KNIGHTS,  GENTLEMEN,  &c. 

TheHonoui:able  CHARLES  CECIL.  Vandervaart p. 
1ms  f.  a  child  with  a  lamb  ;  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Charles  Cecil  was  third  son  to  John,  the  fourth  earl  of  Exetef. 
The  original  painting  is  at  Burleigh-house,  near  Stamford,  in 
Lincolnshire. 

ROBERT  and  DOROTHY  SIDNEY,  son  and 
daughter  of  Philip,  earl  of  Leicester ;  two  children 
jmying  with  a  dog.    Lely  p.    Brown;  oblong  h.  sh. 

9tZZ. 

Robert  Sidney  succeeded  his  father  in  title  and  estate.  He  died 
<»ithe  11th  of  November,  1702. 

HENRY  SIDNEY,  son  to  Robert,  earl  of  Leicester. 
^lyf.   Browne;  large  h.  sh.  mezz. 

HENRY,  earl  Romney ;  in  the  print  of  the  Lords 

Justices  of  England.   Engraved  and  sold  by  J.  Savage; 

Tare, 


166  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

This  gentleman,  who  was  afterward  created  Earl  of  Romiiei^ 
was  the  youngest  son  of  Robert,  earl  of  Leicester,  and  brother  tfk 
Earl  Philip.  He  was  one  of  the  memorable  seven,  who  invited  ' 
William,  prince  of  Orange,  over  to  England,  and  who  subscribed 
an  association  in  form,  which  they  sent  to  Holland.  He  was,  in 
the  reign  of  that  prince,  lord-lieutenant  of  Ireland,  tnaster  of  the 
ordnance,  warden  of  the  cinque  ports,  colonel  of  the  royal  regi- 
ment of  foot  guards,  and  one  of  the  privy  council.  He  died  a 
bachelor  in  1700.  It  is  obvious  to  remark  here,  that  Mr.  Swift, 
afterward  dean  of  St.  Patrick's,  has  given  us  an  idea  of  his  cha- 
racter in  a  few  bitter  words,  but  some  allowance  is,  in  candour,  to 
be  made  for  the  disordered  spleen  of  the  writer,  on  a  most  pro- 
voking occasion.  He  tells  us,  ''  that  he  applied  by  petition  to 
King  William,  upon  the  claim  of  a  promise  his  majesty  had  made 
to  Sir  William  Temple,  that  he  would  give  Mr.  Swift  a  prebend  of 
Canterbury  or  Westminster.  The  Earl  of  Romney,  who  profess^ 
much  friendship  for  him,  promised  to  second  his  petition ;  but,  as 
he  was  an  old,  vicious,  illiterate  rake,  without  any  sense  of  truth  or 
honour,  said  not  a  word  to  the  king;  and  Mr.  Swifl,  after  long 
attendance  in  vain,  thought  it  better  to  comply  with  an  invitation 
given  him  by  the  Earl  of  Berkeley,  to  attend  him  to  Ireland  asliis 
chaplain  and  private  secretairy,*** 


The  Honourable  WILLIAM  VERNEY,  esq.  Lelj/p. 
R.  Tompson  exc.  h.  sk.  mezz. 

Sir  Greville  Verney,  hereafter  mentioned,  had  a  son  named 
William,  who  died  in  France  unmarried,  the  23d  of  August,  1693* 
lliis  may  possibly  be  that  son.  As  he  is  styled  honourable^  -I  halNi. 
placed  him  here,  though  perhaps  he  had  no  right  to  that  title* 

Dreat.Bart.       "  Dominus    EDVARDUS    BERING,   eques    aur. 

l^6^  illustris  domini  Edvardi  Bering,  de  Surrenden  Deisihg, 
in  com»  Gantii,  militis  et  baronetti,  filius  ex  matre  opr 
tima,  nee  minus  illustri,  Untona,  domini  Radulphi 
Gibbes,  equitis  aurati,  fiiia.  Pater  ob.  1644:  Mater 

•  Appendix  to  *'  Swift's  Life,"  by  Swift,  p.  50,  51. 


OF   E3IGLAND.  167 


k.1670. — I.  Derbigs  Paternal  Coat :  2.  Sind  a  noble 
m :  3.  Ipie,  eail  of  Kent:  4.  Humph,  de  Bidran, 
of  Hereford,  &c."  Kndkr  p.  R.  WhUesc.  1687. 

int  maj  terre  to  correct  a  mistake  in  die  **  English  Baio- 

toL  L  p.  264.    Tlie  gentleaian  whom  it  xepresents  h  there 

Ito  be  die  mi  and  heir  of  the  first  Sir  Edward  Dering,  by  his 

ly,  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Ashbmnham :   Untony 

[>f  Sir  Ralph  Gibbes,  nentaoned  as  abore,  was  his  iUrd, 

SIR  THOMAS  ISHAM,  baronet.  Leijfp.  D.Log^ 
W$  cjcc.  large  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Thomas  Ishah,  de  Lamport,  in  comitatu  North-  Created 
xptoniae,  baronettus.  Loggan  del.  1676 ;  large  h.  sh.  5o^£^. 
^[jpaged  to  be  engraved  by  Gerard  Valck.  ^^^^ 

Ehomas  Isham  was  son  of  Sir  Justinian  Isham,  of  Lamport.    He 
a  a  joimg  gendeman  of  great  expectation,  bat  died  to  the  regret 
all  diat  knew  him,  in  1681,  so(m  after  he  had  finished  his 
.irels. 

SIR  JOHN  LOWTHER,  bart.  Leljf  p.  Browne  esc. 
sh.  tnezz* 

Sir  John  Lowther  was  a  gendeman  of  a  Tery  ancient  and  flou-  Created 
hing  femfly,  long  seated  in  Westmoreland.  He  was  fother  of  ^^J^^^^* 
r  John  Lowther,  who,  in  1695,  was  created  Viscount  Lonsdale, 
d  was  afterward  lord  privy  seal  to  William  111.  This  family  has 
en  gready  enriched  by  the  colliery  at  Whitehaven,  which  has 
IHred  an  inexhaustible  fund  of  wealth.  The  present  Sir  James 
iwther  does  not  only  carry  on  a  very  lucrative  trade  to  London, 
it  also  employs  a  x^onsiderable  number  of  vessels  to  supply  the 
7  of  Dublin  with  coals.     Oh.  1675,  M.  70. 


SIR  JOHN  WEBSTER,  bart.  iJndemeath  is  t  he 
allowing  inscription :  "  WoUvenhoerst,  Cromwick, 
inshotterhaar,  part  of  Maestwick  Stuagger  Engge, 


168  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

commissary  for  the  emperor  of  all  Russia  and  Mos^* 
CO  via.  Created  baronet  of  England,  May  the  31s^ 
1660,  by  King  Charles  XL  at  Gravenhaag.  His  arrmf 
of  Cattenbrouck,  Schaagen,  Dengge,  part  of  IseU-. 
field,  Linschooter  Engge,.  in  Holland,  and  the  provinoft 

of  Utrecht,  lord : ."     The  first  impressions^ 

this  'print  had  eight  Latin  lines  by  BarlauSy  which  toe^ 
afterward  erased^  and  the  above  inscription  was  substi* 
tuted  in  its  place. 

SIR  ROBERT  VINER,  bart.  long  hair,  black  aq^ 
cloaky  Sgc.  by  Faithorne;  without  inscription;  h.  sh* 
very  scarce. 

treated  Sir  Robert  Viner,  goldsmith  and  banker  of  London,  was  a  veij 
Sfifi^*^'  ^^y^^>  ^^^  ^^  less-Hiseful  subject  to  Charles  II.  As  his  credit  wa» 
very  extensive,  he  sometimes  borrowed  large  sums  of  money  to 
lend  the  government.  The  interest  paid  on  these  occasions  muslr 
have  been  very  considerable,  as  he  paid  himself  no  less  than  sx» 
per  cent.  When  he  entered  upon  his  mayoralty,*  the  king  did  htnit 
the  honour  to  dine  with  him,  and  he  had  the  honour  of  drinking' 
several  bottles  with  his  majesty;  an  indulgence  not  unfrequent in 
this  reign. t  He  afterward  erected  an  equestrian  statue  to  the  Wag 
at  Stock*s-market :  it  was  done  originally  for  John  Sobieski,  yt)^ 
raised  the  siege  of  Vienna,  when  it  was  invested  by  the  Turk94 
Tlie  fine  old  house,  which  belonged  to  Sir  Robert  Viner,  is  no.w,flij 
the  possession  of  the  Reverend  Mr.  Clarke.  It  is  at  Ickeidia]|i|] 
near  Uxbridge  Common,  in  Middlesex.  ,'\ 

SIR  EDWARD  HARLEY,  knight  of  the  BaA* 
1660.     Cooper  p.   Vertue  sc.  h.  sh. 

His  portrait  is  at  Welbeck. 

*  The  pageant  exhibited  on  the  day  he  was  sworn,  was  a  very  magnificent  obk 
It  was  called  Goldsmitli's  Jubilee,  and  was  designed  by  Thomas  Stephenson. 

t  See  the  "  Spectator,"  No.  462. 
't  Voltaire  mentions. a  remarkable  text  of  a  thanksgiving  sermon,  preached  ff 
this  occasion /namely,  **  There  was  a  man  sent  from  God^  whose  name  was  JuXm/* 


OF    ENGLAND.  169 

This  gentleman,  who  was  knight  of  the  shire  for  Hereford,  at  the 
same  time  with  Sir  Robert  Harley  his  father,  gave  many  signal 
proofs  of  his  valour,  at  the  head  of  a  regiment  raised  at  his  own 
expense  for  the  service  of  Charles  I.  Upon  the  restoration  of 
(Carles  II.  he  was  appointed  governor  of  Dunkirk,  and  soon  after 
made  a  knight  of  the  Bath.  He  sat  in  all  the  parliaments  of  this 
leign,  and  was  a  distinguished  speaker  in  the  House  of  Commons. 
As  he  well  knew  the  importance  of  Dunkirk  to  the  nation,  he 
made  a  motion  for  annexing  it  to  the  crown.  The  parliament 
seemed  to  listen  to  this  proposal,  but  it  was  afterward  overruled. 
He  was  offered  10,000/.  and  a  peerage,  merely  to  be  passive  in 
the  sale  of  it,  but  he  refused  the  offer  with  disdain.  He  had  the 
honesty  to  tell  the  king,  that  the  artillery  and  military  stores  only, 
were  worth  more  than  Lewis  XIV.  had  ever  offered  for  that  fortress. 
In  the  British  Museum,  is  a  manuscript  by  Sir  Edward  Harley, 
which  contains  many  memorable  particulars  relative  to  the  govern- 
ment, expenses,  and  sale  of  Dunkirk.  ,  He  was  author  of  ''  A 
scriptural  and  rational  Account  of  the  Christian  Religion,''  1695, 
8ro.     Ob.  8  December,  1700. 

SIR  GREVILE  VERNEY,  knight  of  the  Bath, 
nat.  26  Jan.  1648 ;  ob.  23  Jul.  1668.  Loggan  sc. 
large  h.  sh. 

Sir  Grevile  Vemey,  who  descended  from  a  family  which  has  Created 
flourished  at  Compton  Murdac,  in  the  county  of  Warwick,  was  ^^^' 
brother  to  Richard,  the  first  lord  Willoughby  of  Brooke.    Much  of 
the  history  of  this  family  may  be  learned  from  the   sumptuous 
monuments  belonging  to  it,  at  Compton  Murdac;   or  from  Sir 
William  Dugdale's  "  History  of  Warwickshire." 

HERBERTUS  PERROT,  EquesAuratus;  shoulder- 
knot,  arms,  Sgc.    R.  White  sc. 

**  Sir  Herbert  Perrot  descended  from  Sir  Owen  Perrot,  a  favou- 
rite of  Henry  VII.  and  related  to  the  Plantagenets  and  Tudors, 
was  a  man  of  great  wit,  large  fortune,  and  extensive  charity.  He 
Boffisred  much  in  his  fortune,  by  his  attachment  to  the  royal  party 
during  the  civil  wars.    He  had  three  wives,  by  whom  he  had  only 

VOL.  V.  z 


170  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

one  daughter  that  survived  him,  who  was  married  to  Sir  John 
Packington,  of  Westwood,  in  Worcestershire.  Sir  Herbert  had  a 
son  of  both  his  names,  who  wrote  satires  upon  the  court  of  Chaiies 
the  Second,  and  was  killed  by  Captain  South  in  the  passage  of  the 
Devil  Tavern,  in  Fleet-street,  Of  this  family  is  the  present  Sir 
Richard  Perrot,  made  memorable  lately  by  the  Flint  address."* 

BAPTIST  MAY ;  from  an  original  'picture  by  Sir 
Peter  Ltly^  in  the  collection  of  R.  A.  Neville^  esq.  at 
Billingbear.    Clamp  sc.  Ato. 

Baptist  May  was  keeper  of  the  privy  purse,  and  a  page  of  the 
bed-chamber  to  Charles  II.  and  for  a  considerable  time  the  agecA 
and  confidant  of  the  intrigues  of  his  royal  master ;  but  falling  into 
disgrace  with  the  king,  he  was  succeeded  in  his  office  as  page  by 
William  Chiffinch. 

The  circumstance  of  May's  being  useful  to  the  king  in  his  in- 
trigues, has  been  recorded  by  Anthony  Wood,  and  is  confirmed 
by  one  of  the  pocket  books  of  Mr.  Beale,  husband  of  Mrs.  Beale» 
the  pupil  of  Sir  Peter  JLely,  from  which  some  extracts  have  been 
given  in  Lord  Orford's  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting,"  vol.  iii.  p.  77, 
From  the  Almanack  of  1677,  April.  "  I  saw  at  Mr.  Bab.  May's 
lodgings,  at  Whitehall,  these  pictures  of  Mr.  Lely's  doing.  1.  The 
king's  picture  in  buff,  half  length.  2.  First  Duchess  of  York,  h.  I. 
3.  Duchess  of  Portsmouth,  h.  1.  4.  Mrs.  Gwin,  with  a  lamb,  h.  1. 
5.  Mrs.  Davis,  with  a  gold  pot,  h.  1.  6.  Mrs.  Roberts,  h.  1. 
7.  Duchess  of  Cleveland,  being  as  a  Madonna,  and  a  babe.  8.  Mrs. 
May's  sister,  h.  1.  9.  Mr.  William  Finch,  a  head  by  Mr.  Hales. 
10.  Duchess  of  Richmond,  h.  1.  by  Mr.  Anderton."  From  this 
list  Mr.  May  appears  to  have  been  master,  if  not  of  the  living,  at 
least  of  the  inanimate  seraglio. 

SIR  ROBERT  CLAYTON,  knt.  lord  mayor  of  the 
city  of  London,  1680.  J.  Riley  p.  J.  Smith  f  large 
h,  sh.  mezz. 

His  statue  is  at  St.  Thomas's  Hospital. 

*  Communicated,  with  other  notices,  by  the  reverend  Sir  John  CuUum,  of  Hard- 
wick,  in  Suffolk,  who  quotes  the  Supplement  to  Kimber'i  "  Baronetage ;"  1771. 


OF   ENGLAND.  171 

Sir  Robert  Clayton  well  understood,  and  sedulously  promoted,  the 
commercial,  civil,  and  religious  interests  of  his  country.  He  was 
elected  lord  mayor  in  1679,  and  was  a  representative  in  several 
parliaments,  for  Bletchingly,  in  Surrey.  As  he  had  rendered  him- 
self obnoxious  to  the  Duke  of  York,  by  voting  for  the  Exclusion 
Bill,  he  retired  from  business,  and  amused  himself  with  building 
and  planting,  after  that  prince  ascended  the  throne.  When  the 
Prince  of  Orange  was  at  Henley-upon-Thames,  he  was  sent,  in  the 
same  of  the  city  of  London,  to  compliment  bim  on  his  arrival.  He 
•was  appointed  commissioner  of  the  customs,  soon  after  the  settle- 
inent  of  the  kingdom.  Ob,  1707.  Great  injustice  is  done  to  his 
dutracter  in  the  second  part  of  ^'  Absalom  and  Achitophel.*'*  His 
benefactions  to  Christ's,  and  St.  Thomas's  Hospital,  will  be  re- 
membered to  his  honour.  ^ 


SIR  JOHN  MOOR,  knt.  lord  mayor  of  the  city  of 
London,  1681,  and  one  of  the  representatives  in  par- 
liament for  the  said  city,  &c.  Leli/  p.  J.  Mac  Ardellf. 
sitting  in  a  chair.  The  motto  to  his  arms  is  "  Non 
civium  ardor  J"  From  a  private  plate^  extremely  rare^ 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

Sir  John  Moor,  who  was  son  of  a  husbandman,  at  Norton,  in 
Leicestershire,t  became  a  zealous  partisan  of  the  court,  about  the 
time  that  the  king  triumphed  over  his  enemies,  and  was  as  much 
a  master  of  his  people  as  Lewis  XIV.  had  promised  to  make  him. 
He  nominated  two  sheriffs,  who  he  knew  would  be  subservient  to 
the  ministry ;  and  was  careful  to  secure  a  successor  who  was  as 
much  devoted  to  the  king  as  himself.  He  is  characterized  under 
the  name  of  Ziloah,  at  the  conclusion  of  the  second  part  of  "  Ab- 
salom and  Achitophel."  I  have  been  informed  that  the  free-school 
at  Appleby,  in  Leicestershire,  was  founded  by  him, 

t 

ROBERT  TICHBORNE,  on  horseback,  in  the 
habit  of  lord  mayor ;  small  h.  sh.  very  rare. 


*  See  the  character  of  Ishban  in  that  poem, 
t  Sec  Whiston'i  "  life,"  p.  16,  U  edit. 


172  BIOGRAPHICAL   filSTORY 

Robert  Tichbobne,  on  horseback^  copied fromtk 
above. 

■ 

Robert  Tichborne^  with  his  seaf  and  autogrcfh; 
8vo. 

Robert  Ticbborae  was  descended,  from  one  of  the  most  andent 
families  in  England,  who  were  seated  at  Ticbborne,  about  tiiiee 
miles  south  of  Alnesford,  in  Hampshire,  prior  to  the  conquest 
Being  of  a  younger  branch  of  the  family,  he  determined  to  try  bis 
fortune  in  trade,  and  for  a  time  carried  on  the  business  of  a  lineB 
draper  in  the  city.  He  entirely  devoted  himself  to  the  parUamoit 
party,  and  launched  out  in  all  the  popular  politics  of  the  times.  He 
passed  through  various  ranks,  until  he  became  a  colonel  in  the  par- 
liament army,  and  was  appointed  lieutenant,  under  General  Fairfiiz, 
of  the  Tower ;  and  commanded  the  city  of  London  at  his  {Mea- 
sure. His  consequence  and  power  were  so  great,  that  he  was  ap* 
pointed  one  of  the  king's  judges ;  and  after  presenting  a  petition 
from  the  common  council  of  London  for  the  trial,  he  omitted  no 
opportunity  to  shew  how  far  he  felt  himself  interested  on  the  iob- 
ject,  and  was  absent  only  ou  the  12th  and  13th  days  of  Januaiy; 
and  signed  the  warrant  for  executing  the  sentence.    ■ 

Hitherto  Tichborne  had  obtained  no  civic  honours ;  but  in  1650, 
he  served  the  office  of  sheriff,  with  Richard  Chiverton,  in  the 
second  mayoralty  of  Sir  Thomas  Andrews,  leather-seller ;  and  in 
1656,  he  became  mayor,  under  the  appellation   of  Sir  Robert 
Tichborne  Skinner.     It  was  during  the  time  that  Tichborne  was 
lord  mayor,  that  the  market-house  of  Saint  Paul's  churchyard  was 
built.     He  was  in  such  high  favour  and  estimation  with  the  Pro- 
tector, that  he  was  appointed  one  of  his  committee  of  state  in  1655, 
knighted,  and  made  one  of  his  lords ;  and  proving  true  to  that  in- 
terest, wished  for  the  restoration  of  Richard ;  yet  was  named  one 
of  the  council  of  state,  and  of  safety,  for  1659 ;  but  the  restoration 
approaching,  he  fell  from  his  height,  to  become  a  prisoner  in  the 
Tower ;  at  which  time  he  was  extremely  unpopular,  as  one  who 
had  sat  in  the  high  court  of  justice,  which  condemned  Dr.  Hewit 

He  was  arraigned  at  the  sessions-house  in  the  Old  Bailey,  Oct 
10,  1660,  and  brought  to  trial  on  the  16th,  and  found  guilty;  but 
through  a  very  servile  and  cringing  address  to  the  compassion  of 
the  court,  his  life  was  spared,  though  he  did  not  escape  quite  free, 


OF    ENGLAND.  173 

lingered  out  the  remnant  of  his  life  in  captiyity,  and  died  a 
oner  in  the  Tower.* 


JIR  OEORGE  BOOTH ;  from  a  drawing  in  the 
ig's  "  Clarendon^ 


99 


teorge  Booth^ ^rst  lord  Delamer;  Svo.  Roddexc 
Cooper  sc. 

I  George  Booth,  a  gentleman  of  one  of  the  hest  fortunes  and 
"est  in  Cheshire,  and  of  absolute  power  with  the  PresbyterianSy 
mjunction  with  Sir  Thomas  Middleton,  rose  in  that  county,  in 
ar  of  Charles  II.  They  had  taken  possession  of  the  castle  and 
of  Chester,  but  Major-general  Lambert  being  sent  by  the  parlia- 
t  to  stop  their  farther  progress,  they  marched  out  to  encounter 
;  when  after  a  short  combat  the  royalists  were  routed,  and  the 
day  the  gates  of  Chester  opened  to  Lambert  and  his  victorious 
j^.  Sir  George  himself  made  his  flight  in  disguise,  but  was 
n  upon  the  way  and  sent  prisoner  to  the  Tower,  from  which  he 
released  a  short  time  prior  to  the  restoration^  and  elected  to 
3  in  the  first  parliament  assembled  by  Charles  II.  Sir  George 
:h  was  father  of  Henry,  lord  De-la-Mer;  who  had  a  principal 
I  in  the  revolution. 


IIR  NICHOLAS  CRISPE.    R.  Crofnek  sc.  from 
original  picture  in  the  collection  of  the  Earl  ofLeices^ 
In  Li/son's  "  Environs.'' 

lis  loyal  subject  was  one  of  the  farmers  of  the  customs,  and  a 
merchant ;  trading  principally  to  the  coast  of  Guinea..  He  en- 
1  into  business  with  a  larger  fortune  than  most  people  retire  with, 
pursued  it  with  unusual  success.  With  the  utmost  alacrity  he  ad- 
ed  very  large  sums  to  supply  the  necessities  of  King  Charles  L 
^hose  personal  character  he  appears  to  have  had  the  greatest 

ilcbborae  entered  into  all  Uie  fanaticism  of  the  times,  and  in  imitation  of  many 
canting  brethren,  commenced  author.  There  is  a  scarce  book,  entitled,  *'  'A 
sr  of  Canaan's  Grapes,  being  several  Experimental  Tmths  received  through 
te  communication  with  God  by  his  Spirit,  grounded  on  Scripture,  and  presented 
en  -view  for  publique  edification ;  by  Col.  Robert  Tichbouni.    Lond.  1649*" 


174 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


L 


veneratioD.  Lloyd  speaks  in  the  highest  terras  of  his  ai 
enterprise,  as  well  as  of  the  sigoal  services  which  he  reni 
king;  "Awhile,"  says  he,  "  you  would  meet  him  with  thonii 
gold;  another,  while  in  bis  way  to  Oxford,  riding  on  apturofpu- 
niera,  like  a  butter-  woman  going  to  market ;  at  other  times  he  was 
a  porter  carrying  on  his  majesty's  interest  in  Londm  j  he  was » 
fisherman  in  one  place,  and  a  merchant  in  another.  All  the  sac- 
couTs  which  the  king  had  from  beyond  sea,  came  through  hit  haniii, 
and  most  of  the  relief  he  had  at  home  was  managed  by  his  con- 
veyance. As  a  farther  proof  of  zeal  in  his  majesty's  Ctuie.k 
raised  at  his  own  expense,  a  regiment  of  horse,  and  putting  him- 
self at  the  head,  behaved  with  distinguished  gallantry.  When  the 
king's  affairs  grew  desperate,  he  retired  to  France ;  but  returned 
afterward  to  London,  and  embarked  again  in  trade  with  fais  usual 
Bpirit  and  success.  He  lived  to  see  his  master's  son  restored  lo 
the  possession  of  his  kingdoms  ;  by  whom  he  was  created  &baronel 
the  year  before  his  death,  in  1665,  Mt.  67."  In  Fulhamchurclii! 
a  monument  to  his  memory.     SeeLysons'a  Middlesex. 

SIR  THOMAS  ARMSTRONG,  executed  the  20tli 
of  June,  1684.  J.  Savage  sc.  This  head  is  in  a  Icrgc 
half  sheet,  with  seven  others. 

Sir  Thomas  Armstrong.    W.  Richardsmi. 

Sir  Thomas  Armstrong  ;  a  wood-cut. 

Sir  Thomas  Armstrong,  who  had  been  a  great  suSerer  io  the 
royal  cause,  was  very  active  for  Charles  11.  before  the  restoration' 
His  enterprising  spirit  excited  tlie  jealousy  of  Cromwell,  who  threw 
him  into  prison,  and  even  threatened  his  life.  He  was  an  avowrf 
enemy  to  popery,  and  engaged  with  all  the  zeal  that  was  natural  to 
him  in  the  service  of  the  Duke  of  Monmouth.  Soon  after  the  ne* 
sheriffs  were  imposed  upon  the  city  by  the  influence  of  the  court,  an 
insurrection  was  planned  by  the  country  party,  not  only  in  London, 
but  in  several  parts  of  the  kingdom.  Sir  Thomas  Armstrong  wenl, 
at  this  time,  with  the  Duke  of  Monmouth,  to  view  the  king's  guardsi 
in  order  to  judge  whether  they  might  venture  to  attack  them  in  lh( 
projected  insurrection.  Finding  himself  obnoxious  to  the  court,  ho 
fled  the  kingdom  ;  and  his  flight  was  soon  followed  by  an  outlawrjl' 


Sf  THO?  AKMSTKfflmR. 


OF   ENGLAND.  176 

ReiNras  seited  ftbfOad,  and  sent  to  London,  where  he  was  con- 
demned and  executed  without  a  trial,  and  with  peculiar  circum- 
stances of  rigour,  having  heen  conducted  to  death  by  those  sorrow- 
ful soldiers  who  had  been  accustomed  to  obey  his  command.  The 
Idng  was  much  exasperated  against  him,  as  he  believed  him  to  be 
the  seducer  of  his  favourite  son*  He,  at  his  death,  denied  his  ever 
having  any  design  against  his  majesty's  life. 

SIR  EDMOND  BURY  GODFREY.  P.  Vandre^ 
banc  sc.  large  sheet. 

Sir  Edmund  Bury  Godfrey,  ^t.  511.  P.  Van-^ 
drebanc  sc>  large  h.  sh.  Anotkery  smaller j  by  the  same 
hand. 

Sir  Edmond  Bury  Godfrey,  Mt.  57  ;  two  Eng- 
lish verses. 

Sir  Edmund  Bury  Godfrey.  Van  Hove  sc.  oc- 
tagon; h.  sh.   A  copy  of  the  same,  by  Nutting. 

Sir  Edmund  Bury  Godfrey  ;  sold  by  Arthur 
Tooker. 

Sir  Edmund  Bury  Godfrey  ;  in  a  large  h.  sh. 
with  seven  others. 

Sir  Edmund  Bury  Godfrey,  an  able  magistrate,  and  of  a  fair  cha- 
racter, who  had  exerted  himself  in  the  business  of  the  Popish  plot, 
was  found  pierced  with  his  own  sword,  and  several  marks  of  vio- 
lence on  his  body.  His  death,  which  was  imputed  to  the  Papists, 
who  were  then  supposed  to  be  the  authors  of  all  mischief,  was  ge- 
nerally deemed  a  much  stronger  evidence  of  the  reality  of  the  plot, 
than  any  thing  that  Oates  either  did,  or  could  swear.  Even  the 
foolish  circumstance  of  the  anagram  of  his  name,  helped  to  confirm 
^  opinion  of  his  being  murdered  by  Papists.*    His  funeral  was 

*  Sir  Ednmnd  Bury  Godfrey  was  anagrammatized  to,  **  I  findmardered  by  roguef.'* 


176  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

celebrated  with  the  most  solemn  pomp:  seventy-two  clergyma 
preceded  the  corpse,  which  was  followed  by  a  thousand  personi 
most  of  whom  were  of  rank  and  eminence.  His  funeral  sermon  wai 
preached  by  Dr.  William  Lloyd ,  dean  of  Bangor,  and  afterward 
bishop  of  Worcester.  He  was  found  dead,  the  i7th  of  October] 
1678. 


THOMAS  THYNNE,  esq'.  Lely  p.  Braume;  h.  sk 
mezz. 

Thomas  Thynne,  esq'.  Kneller  p.  White  sc.  h,  sfi 

Thomas  Thynne,  esq'.   Cooper;  Ato.  mezz. 

Thomas  Thynne,  esq',  of  Longleat,  (murdered 
1681-2).   Claussinfec.  Ato. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Longleat. 

Thomas  Thynne,  esq.  of  Longleat,  in  Wiltshire,  and  memberof 
parliament  for  that- county,  was  noted  for  the  affluence  of  his  for- 
tune, and  his  uncommon  benevolence  and  hospitality.  Hence  ho 
gained  the  epithet  of  "  Tom  of  ten  thousand.''  He  was  married 
to  the  Lady  Elizabeth  Percy,  countess  of  Ogle,  sole  daughter  and 
heir  of  Josceline,  earl  of  Northumberland  ;  but  was  murdered  ia 
his  coach,  before  consummation,  by  three  assassins,  supposed  to 
be  suborned  by  Charles,  count  Koningsmark,  a  necessitous  adven- 
turer, who  had  made  some  advances  to  the  Lady  Ogle.*  He  is  the 
person  meant  by  the  name  of  Issachar,  in  Dryden's  "  Absalom 
'and  Achitophel  ;*'  and  is  hinted  at  in  the  following  lines  of  the 
Earl  of  Rochester.  But  it  ought  to  be  observed,  that  this  author 
is  sometimes  as  licentious  in  his  satire,  as  he  is  in  his  othei 
writings. 

"  Who'd  be  a  wit  in  Dryden's  cudgel'd  skin^t 
Or  who'd  be  rich  and  senseless  like  Tom         ?" 

Ob.  12  Feb.  1681-2. 

*  See  an  aoconnt  of  this  morder  in  Reresby's  **  Memoirs,"  8vo.  p.  135. 

t  Dryden  was  codgeiied  for  reflecting  on  the  Duchess  of  Portsmouth,  and  tb 
Earl  of  Rochester,  in  his  "  Essay  on  Satire,"  which  he  wrote  in  conjunctioa  witl 
the  Earl  of  Mnlgrave. 


PF   ENGLAND.  177 

JOHANNES  COTTONUS  BRUCEUS,  ♦tX«*ep«, 

^'  Virtus  repulsffi  n^scia  sordidae, 
Intaminatis  fulget  honoribus ; 
Nee  sumit  aut  ponit  secures, 
\  Arbitrio  popularis  auree." — Hor. 

G.  Kneller  p.    Vandrebanc  sc.  large  sheet. 

Sir  John  Cotton  Bruce.  Kneller  p.  R.White  sc. 
1699;  4to. 

5(im  Cotton  Bruce  was  the  only  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Cotton,  bart. 
^d  grandson  to  Sir  Robert  CQtton,  the  celebrated  antiqu^ia^. 
This  ^ntleman,  who  died  in  1702,  made  considerable  additions  to 
the  valuable  library  collected  by  his  grandfather.  It  consisted  of 
manuscripts,  which,  bound  up,  made  about  a  thousand  volumes. 
They  relate  for  the  most  part  to  English  history  and  antiquities ; 
tie  improvement  of  which  was  what  Sir  Rpbert  chiefly  aimed  at  in 
}k  collections.  They  were  methodically  ranged,  and  placed  in 
bofteen  sets  of  shelves ;  over  which  were  tlte  heads  of  the  twelve 
Cssars,  Cleopatra,  and  Faustina.  They  were  purchased  of  Sir  John 
Cotton,  great  grandson  of  Sir  Robert,  by  Queen  Anne ;  and  are 
|iow  deposited  in  the  British  Museum.  See  more  concerning  the 
Cottonian  Library,  in  Ward's  "  Lives  of  the  Gresham  Professors," 
p.  251,  252. 


DiNIEL  COLWAL,  esq^     R.  White  sc.  1681; 
h.  sh. 

Daniel.  CoLWAL,   armiger,  &c.    h.  sh.     Before 
Dr.  Greufs  "  Museum  Regalis  Societatis"  1681 ;  fol. 

Daniel  Colwal,  esq.  of  the  Friary,  near  Guilford,  was  a  gentleman 
of  good  fortune,  the  superfluities  of  which  he  e]icpended  in  making  a 
collection  of  natural  rarities.  These  he  presented  to  the  Roysd 
Sodety,  and  is  therefore  justly  esteemed  the  founder  of  their  Mu- 
seum* Of  these  Dr.  Grew  has  given  us  a  catalo^e,  which  is  at 
once  a  proof  of  the  judgiQcnt  of  the  compiler  and  tlte  collector. 

VOL.  V.  2  a 


178  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

The  most  valoable  branch  of  it  is  the  shells,*  in  the  descnptioa  and 
arrangement  of  which,  the  ingenious  doctor  has  taken  uncommoB 
pains.  Mr.  Colwal  was  at  the  expense  of  engraving  thirty-one 
folio  copper-plates  for  this  book.  See  more  of  him  in  Birch's 
"  History  of  the  Royal  Society." 


JOHANNES  MEEKE,  A.  M.  aulae  B.  Mariaj 
Magd.  (Oxon.)  olim  alumnus ;  centum  libras  annuas 
decern  scholaribus  in  eadeih  aula  studentibus,  aequa- 
liter  numerandas,  testamento  in  perpetuum  donavit: 
eodemq;  cavit,  ut  crescente  postmodum  terrarum  re- 
ditu, plures  itidem  scholares  iisdem  proportione  et 
loco  alendi,  denario  numero  adjicerentur :  anno  salutis 
reparatas  1665;  sheet.  He  is  represented  in  a  lay-hahii, 

John  Meeke  ;  in  the  "  Oxford  Almanack^  1749. 

ROBERTUS  FIELDING,  aulse  Fieldingensis,  in 
com.  Warwici,  armig.  Lelyp.  J.  V.  Vaart  fecit.  Tomp- 
son  exc.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

RoBEBTUs  Fielding,  &c.  Lelyp.  Vandervaart  f. 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

RoBEBTUs  Fielding,  &c.  Wissing  p.  Becket  f. 
h.  sh.  mezz.  There  is  an  anonymous  mezzotinto  of  him 
fondling  a  dog. 

RoBEBT  Fielding  ;  ship  at  a  distance.  G.  Knel- 
ler  p.   Becket. 

Robert  Fielding  ;  in  a  rich  coat;  8w.  M.  Torn- 
kins  sc.  in  Caulfields  /'  Remarkable  Pei^sons.'" 

•This  branch  of  natural  history  was  but  little  attended  to  before  the  reign  of 
Charles  11.  The  stiaites  of  Holland  made  that  prince  a. present  of  a  fine  collection, 
which  he  seems  to  have  had  but  little  taste  for,  as  it  wa»  presently  dissipated. 


OF   ENGLAND.  179 

•  Robert  Fielding,  a  gentleman  cf  a  good  family  in  Warwickshire* 
was  «ent  to  London  to  study  the  law ;  but  entering  into  the  fashion- 
aUe  vices  of  the  town,  he  presently  abandoned  all  thoughts  of  that 
profession.  His  person  was  uncommonly  beautiful ;  and  he  stu- 
died every  art  of  setting  it  off  to  the  best  advantage.  He  was  as 
vain  and  expensive  in  his  own  dress,  as  he  was  fantastical  ih  the 
dresses  of  his  footmen ;  who  usually  wore  yellow  liveries,  with  black 
sashes,  and  black  feathers  in  their  hats.  As  he  was  fond  of  ap- 
pearing in  public  places,  he  soon  attracted  the  notice  of  the  ladies. 
The  king  himself  was  struck  with  his  figure  at  court,  and  called 
him  handsome  Fielding,  From  that  moment  he  commenced  the 
vainest  of  all  fops  :  but  this  circumstance  occasioned  his  being  still 
more  admired,  and  established  his  reputation  as  a  beau.  The  con- 
tributions which  he  rsused  from  some  of  the  sex,  he  lavished  upon 
others :  but  he  was  sometimes  forced  to  have  recourse  to  the  gaming- 
table for  supplies,  where  he  was  generally  successful.  He  was  first 
married  to  the  only  daughter  and  heir  of  Barnham  Swift,  lord 
Carlingford,  who  was  of  the  same  family  with  the  Dean  of  St. 
Patrick's.*  Some  time  after  the  death  of  this  lady,  he,  to  repair 
his  shattered  fortunes,  made  his  addresses  to  one  Mary  Wads- 
worth,  who  assumed  the  name  of  Madam  Delaune,  a  lady  of 
20,000/.  fortune.  He  married  this  woman ;  but  forsook  her  as  soon 
as  he  discovered  the  cheat.  He  afterward  espoused  Barbara, 
datchess  of  Cleveland,  whom  he  treated  with  insolence  and  bru- 
tality .t  This  occasioned  a  prosecution  against  him  for  bigamy. 
He  was  found  guilty,  but  was  pardoned  by  Queen  Anne.  His 
trial,  which  is  worth  the  reader's  notice,  is  in  print* 

ERASMUS  SMITH  (or  Smyth),  esq^  &c.  G.  W. 
(George  White)/,  h.  sh.  mezz. 

This  print  is  companion  to  that  of  Madam  Smith,  mentioned  in 
Class  XI. 

Erasmus  Smyth,  esq.  descended  from  an  ancient  and  honourable 
family,  in  Leicestershire,  was  son  of  Sir  Roger  Smyth,  otherwise 
Heriz,  of  Edmonthorpe,  in  that  county,  by  his  second  wife.  He 
was  largely  portioned  for  a  younger  son,  his  mother  having  brought 

•  See  the  Appendix  to  Swift's  <'  Life  of  Dr.  Swift/'  p.  2. 

t  Of  this  shameful  mairiage,  much  is  said  in  the  Memoirs  of  Mrs.  Manley.    The 
handsome  Fielding  is  the  Orlando  of  the  TaUer. 


180  BIOGRAPHICAL    lil^TORY 

a  Tery  considerable  fortune  into  the  family.  He,  in  the  Ibnuer 
part  of  his  life,  engaged  deeply  in  the  Ttirkey  trade,  and  Became 
an  alderman  of  London.  Afterward,  upon  the  settlement  of  Ireland^ 
in  the  reign  of  King  William,  he,  by  purchase,  acquired  a  grest 
and  improvable  property  in  that  kingdom.  When  the  behefioent 
and  judicious  institutions  [of  charity  and  public  utility  were  ^et  cm 
foot  there,  he  gave,  for  these  purposes,  lahdJs  of  great  value  ftis 
donation  alone  would  render  him  memorable  as  a  beneBeictdr. 
Having  bought  the  manor  of  Weald,  in  Essez>  with  a  good  old 
seat  upon  it,  he,  when  advanced  in  years,  married  Mary,  daughter 
of  Hugh  Hare,  lord  Golerane,  by  whom,  besides  daughters,  he  had 
three  sons ;  of  whom  the  two  elder  dying  without  issue^  his  estate 
devolved  to  Hugh  his  third  son,  who  left  twd  daughters,  hii  co- 
heirs ;  namely,  D(m>thy,  who  married  John  Bcurry^  fourth  son  of 
James,  earl  of  Bieurrymore ;  ietnd  Lucy,  who  espoused  James,  hA 
Strange,  eldest  son  of  Edward,  earl  of  Derby.  These  ladies,  in 
pursuance  of  their  father's  will,  have  borne  the  name  and  arms  of 
Smith  and  Heriz,  in  conjunction  with  their  own** 

Hugh,  son  of  Erasmus  Smyth,  esq.  miarried  a  paternal  aunt  of 
the  present  Lord  Dacre,  who,  in  the  most  obliging  manner,  (com- 
municated to  me  the  above  account. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Wasse  informs  us,  that  a  gentleman,  whom  be 
styles  Sir  Erasmus  Smith,  of  Essex,  offered  to  adopt  the  famous 
Joshua  Barnes,  when  a  schoolboy  at  Christ's  Hospital,  and  settle 
2000/.  a  year  upon  him,  on  condition  that  he  would  change  his 
name.  His  father,  though  in  mean  circumstances,  resolved  to  be 
passive  in  this  important  affair,  and  left  it  entirely  to  his  son's 
option,  who  refused  the  offer.f  This  gentleman  was  probably  of 
the  same  family,  though  it  does  not  appear  that  he  was  the  same 
person  with  Erasmus  Smith,  esq.t 


CURWEN  RAWLINSON,  of  Cark,  esq',  son  of 
Robert  Rawlinson ;  Ob.  1689;  JEt.  48.    Nutting  sc. 


*  For  the  family  of  Smytb,  see  Burton's  '<  Leicestershire/'  GiuiUm^s  "Heraldiy,^ 
and  Morant's  **  Essex." 

t  See  the  story  at  large  in  Mr.  Wasse's  letter  in  the  "  General  Dictionary," 
article  Barnes. 

t  Since  the  above  article  was  written,  I  was  informed  that  a  gehtieiDtn  of  botli  his 
names^  was  founder  of  a  lecture  of  oratory  and  bisto^,  in  Trinity  GoUege,  DnUm. 


OF    BNGLAND.  181 

In  the  same  plate  with  eeveral  others  of  the  Rawlinson 
family;  4to. 

This  person  was  son  and  heir  of  Robert  Rawlinson,  of  Cark,  in 
Lancashire,  esq.  He  married  Elizabeth,  second  daughter  and 
eoheir  of  Nicholas  Monck,  bishop  of  Hereford,  by  whom  he  was 
bAer  of  Christopher  Rawlinson,  esq.  of  whom  there  is  an  engraved 
portrait* 

ROBERTUS  STAFFORD,  de  Bradfield,  in  co»i- 
tatu  Berks,  armiger.* 

^  Spirantes  siquis  tabulas  animataqae  signa 
Viderit,  in  multa  qoeis  Myosf  arte  labor ; 
Quam  bene  Stafibrdium  dicat  ?    Mentitur  imag^ ; 
Expressit  dominum  quam  male  ficta  suum  ? 
Novimus  has  sculptor  veneres,  hos  frontis  honores ; 
Amphitryonides  de  pede  notus  erat. 
Sic  oculos,  sic  ille  manus,  sic  ora  ferebat ; 
Multa  talnen  coelo  quam  bene  digna  latent  ? 
Archetypo  abludit  qucevis  transcripta  tabella, 
^    Quin  si  vis  similem  fingere,  finge  Deum/' 

This  head  is  one  of  Loggan*s  capital  performances. 

It  appears  from  the  above  inscription,  that  this  gentleman  was 
remarkable  for  the  beauty  of  his  person ;  and  he  is,  indeed,  repre- 
sented very,  handsome.  He  was  one  of  the  sons  of  Sir^Edward 
Stafford,  of  Bradfield;  in  Berkshire,  by  Mary,  sole  daughter  of  Sir 
William  Forster,  of  Aldermarston,  in  that  county«  Several  of  the 
family  are  mentioned  in  Mr.  Ashmole's  *^  Diary,"  that  gentleman 
having  married  hb  mother.^ 

*  Stafford  Robert-^I  find  a  gentleman  t>f  this  name  mentioned  as  a  great  ftiend 
of  Col.  SackTille  and  of  Mr.  Dryden ;  and  that  he,  with  others,  assisted  the  latter 
in  the  ^neid,  for  which  purpose  he  translated  the  8th  and  10th  eclogues,  and  the 
episode  on  the  deatii  -of  Camilla,  11th  book  of  the  ^neid.  He  also  translated 
the  8th  Satire  of  the  first  book  of  Horace. — Sib  William  Musgbavs. 

t  Sic  Orig. 

X  This  lady  was  married,  isifter  Sir  Edward  Stafford's  decease,  to  Mr.  Hamlyii ; 
nAtX  to  Sir  iThbm&s  Manwaring,  knt.  recorder  of  Reading ;  and  lastly  to  Mr.  Ash- 
mtfie.  Sile  lived  in  very  little  harmony  with  her  last  husband,  against  whom  she 
commenced  a  suit  at  law  for  alimony,  on  very  frivolous  pretences.    When  the 


182  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

WILUAM  BLUCK,  esq'.  Knellerp.   R.Whit^iq. 
h.  sh. 


; .  The  trae  and  lively  portraiture  of  MARMADUKE 
RAWDON,  Sonne  of  that  worthy  gentleman  Lawrance 
Rawdon,  late  of  the  cittie  of  York,  alderman ;  he  was 
borne  in  Yorke  the  17th  of  March,  An^  Dom.  160tV.      i 

Marmaduke,  the  youngest  son  of  Lawrance  Raw-    ^ 
don,  was  a  great  benefactor  to  the  city  of  York ;  and 
built,  at  his  sole  expense,  the  cross  in  that  city,  &c.  &c. 
R.  White  sc.  Ato. 

The  true  and  lively  portraiture  of  MARMADUKE 
RAWDON,. of  Hodsdon,  esquire  ;  second  son  of  that 
valliant  coUonel  and  worthy  knight  Sir  Marmaduke 
Rawdon,  of  Hodsdon.  He  was  bom  in  London, 
16  August,  1621.     R.  White  sc.  Ato. 

Marmaduke  (Collins  says,  third  son)  was  brought  up  at  Cam- 
l)ridge,  and  was  a  fellow-commoner  in  Jesus  College.  His  father 
afterward  sent  him  unto  his  kinsman  Mr.  Marmaduke  Rawdon,  to 
the  Canary  Islands ;  where,  having  learnt  the  Spanish  tongue,  he 
returned  to  England,  after  which  he  returned  into  France.  In  the 
time  of  the  civil  wars  he  was  in  the  royal  interest,  and  did  his  ma- 
jesty great  service;  after  whose  death  he  travelled  into  several 
countries,  and  merchandised. 

i     Mr.  Thoresby  and  Mr.  Collins  mention  several  persons  of  the 
Rawdon  family  of  the  name  of  Marmaduke:  namely,  1.  Sir  Mar- 


cause  came  to  a  hearing,  Serjeant  Maynard  observed  to  the  court, ''  that  there  were 
eight  hundred  sheets  of  depositions  on  his  wife's  part,  and  not  ond  word  proved 
'  against  him  of  using  her  ill,  or  ever  giving  her  a  bad  or  provoking  word.'/  Ashmole's 
«*  Diary,"  12roo.  1717,  p.  34.  It  appears  in  the  same  page,  that  she  was  deli- 
vered back  to  her  husband  the  next  day. 


OP  ENGLAND.  185 

ladukfe  Rawdon,  of  whom  there  is  an  account  below.*  2.  Mar- 
aduke,  his  third  son,  who  was  bred  to  merchandise.  3.  Marma- 
ike,  son  of  Laurence  Rawdon,  alderman  of  York,  and  nephew  to 
jrMarmaduke.  This  gentleman  was  a  benefactor  to  that  city', 
e  gave  a  bowl  of  solid  gold  to  the  corporation ;  100/.  to  the  poor 
'  the  parish  of  St.  Crux ;  and  erected  a  cross,  near  the  pavement, 
I  vhich  is  his  bust.  He  died  in  1688,  in  the  58th  or  59th  year  of 
s  age.  He  was  author  of  a  manuscript  account  of  the  family,  of 
bich  Mr.  Thoresby  had  the  perusal.  One  of  the  heads  above- 
entioned  is  his  portrait.  4.  Marmaduke,  eldest  son  of  Col.  Tho- 
as  Rawdon,  who  was  himself  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Marmaduke. 
le  more  of  this  family  in  Thoresby's  "  Ducatus  Leodiensis,"  and 
ollins's  "  Baronetage." 


The  true  and  lively  portraiture  of  WILLIAM  RAW^ 
)0N,  of  Bermondsey  Court,  in  the  county  of  Surrey, 
entleman;  born  in  London,  the  21st  of  April,  1619. 
I:  White  sc.  4to. 

JOHANNES  COCKSHUTTf  (Cockshuit),  no- 
lilis  Anglus.    D.  Logganf.  h.  sh. 

John  Cockshuit,  a  gentleman  of  the  Inner  Temple,  was  one  of 
he  many  admirers  of  the  works  of  Dr.  Henry  More,  That  au- 
hor*s  writings  were  much  in  vogue  in  this  reign ;  particularly  his 


*  Sir  Marmaduke  Rawdon,  who  descended  from  the  ancient  family  of  that  name* 
tear  Leeds,  in  Yorkshire,  was  a  very  eminent  merchant  in  the  reigns  of  James  and 
Ilharles  I.  He  was  at  the  expense  of  fitting  out  a  ship  for  the  discovery  of  a  north- 
vest  passage,  and  was  one  of  the  first  planters  of  Barbadoes.  He  traded  to  France, 
Spain,  the  Levant,  Canaries,  and  the  West  Indies ;  was  consulted  as  an  oracle  in 
natters  of  trade;  and  frequently  pleaded  for  the  merchants  at  the  council-board. 
3ie  was  governor  of  Basing-house  in  the  civil  war,  where  he  distinguished  himself  as 
I  soldier ;  killing,  in  one  sally,  three  thousand  men,  though  be  had  not  above.five 
lundred  fighting  men  in  the  garrison.  The  king  conferred  on  him  the  honour  of 
cnighthood  for  this  heroic  exploit.  It  is  remarkable,  that  the  Marchioness  of  Win- 
diester  and  her  maids  cast  the  lead  of  the  turrets  into  bullets,  to  supply  the  men  for 
hif  sally.  He  was  relieved,  at  the  last  extremity,  by  the  famous  Colonel  Gage, 
rhose  memorable  story  is  in  Lord  Clarendon's  "  History." 

t  So  spelt  by  Mr.  Ames. 


184  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY;.       i^L 


vi;:^: 


''  Mystery  of  Godliness."    He  left  300/.  for  liiiiipUirtwilii;] 
ibis  book,  bis  «  Mystery  of  Iniquity,"  and  his '  **  ^\]\i^^^^Vl^ 
lections."  His  bead  belongs  to  the  trandation  of  thelMt^ii^^ 
work.     Ob.  1669,  M.  30.  '      '^ 


SLINGSBY  BETHEL,  esq.  one  of  the  d 
London  and  Middlesex,  in  J  680;  gold  chiAn^  t^ 
gaum,  8^c.    Sherwin  sc.  whole  length  ;  sh.  scarciM:^: 

SlIngsby  Bethel  ;  small  whole  length* 
ardson.  *  '^ 

.  \ 

Slingsby  Betbel,  an  independent,  and  consequently  a  tepsiA 
was  one  of  the  most  zealous  and  active  of  that  party  who  tin 
excluding  the  Duke  of  York  from  the  crown.  He  und^stob^^ 
and  seems  to  have  been  well  acquainted  with  those  mazimslqfW 
an  estate  is  sated  as  well  as  gotten.  After  riches  poured  m  \ 
him,  his  economy  was  much  the  same  as  it  was  before.  FanM 
was  so  habitual  to  him,  that  be  knew  not  how  to  relax  vi^% 
rosity  upon  proper  occasions ;  and  he  was  generally  censing 
being  too  frugal  in  his  entertainments  when  he  was-sheni 
London. 

"  Chaste  were  hb  cellars,  and  his  slirieval  board  ' 

The  grossness  of  a  city  feast  abhorr'd ;  .  .">•-* 

His  cooks  with  long  disuse  their  trade  forgot,  *  .•.-  Vj^f- 

Cool  was  his  kitchen,  though  his  brains  were  hot"  ..;;.'i^ 

Drtoen's  "  Absalom  and  AchHoiJI^ 


He  was  author  of  a  book  entitled,  ^'  The  Interest  of 
and  States  of  Europe;"  8vo.  Lond.  1694.    At  the  endii 
tive  of  the  most  material  debates  and  passages  in  the 
which  sat  in  the  protectorate  of  Richard  Cromwell.    This 
printed  by  itself  in  1659.     He  was  also  author  of  ^' 
on  a  Letter  written  by  the  D.  of  B."  and  "  The  World^^ 
in  Oliver  Cromwell."  :.;■ 


EDWARD  BACKWELL  (or  Bakewell)^,^^ 
his  own  hair  J  lace-band,  Jlowered  go%m^  laced  r^^ 


BACKWELLESQfALDERMANof  LONDQS 

Obit  j&/p. 


OF   ENGLAND.  185 

watch  and  portrait  of  Charles  II.  on  a  table:  at  a  dis^ 
tance  a  ship  under  sail;  arms;  sh. 

The  copper-plate  of  this  print  is  in  the  possession  of 
Mr.  Praed,  the  banker. 

Edward  Backwell.   W.  Richardson. 

Edward  Backwell ,  alderman  of  London,  was  a  banker  of  great 
ability^  industry,  and  integrity ;  and  what  was  e  consequence  of  his 
merit,  of  very  extensive  credit.     With  such  qualifications,  he,  in  a 
trading  nation,  would  in  the  natural  event  of  things,  have  made  a  for- 
tune, except  in  such  an  age  as  that  of  Charles  the  Second,  when  the 
laws  were  overborne  by  perfidy,  violence,  and  rapacity ;  or  in  an  age 
when  bankers  become  gamesters  instead  of  merchant-adventurers ; 
when  they  afiect  to  live  like  princes,  and  are,  with  their  miserable 
creditors,  drawn  into  the  prevailing  and  pernicious  vortex  of  luxury. 
Backwell  carried  on  his  business  in  the  same  shop  which  was  after- 
ward occupied  by  Child,  an  unblemished  name,  which  is  entitled  to 
respect  and  honour  ;  but  was  totally  ruined  upon  the  shutting  up  of 
the  exchequer.     He,  to  avoid  a  prison,  retired  into  Holland,  where 
he  died.  His  body  was  brought  for  sepulture,  to  Tyringham  church, 
near  Newport  Pagnel,  in  Buckinghamshire.* 


JOHN  KENRICK,  esq.  M.  29.  Kneller  p.  1681. 
Vertue  sc.  uohole  length  ;  sh. 

John  Keririck,  esq.  an  eminent  and  respectable  merchant  of  Lon- 
don, was  father  of  the  very  worthy  -Dr.  Scawen  Kenrick,  late  sub- 
dean  and  prebendary  of  Westminster,  minister  of  St.  Margaret's, 
and  rector  of  Hambleden,  in  Buckinghamshire ;  whose  charity, 
humanity,  and  benevolence,  flowing  from  one  of  the  gentlest  and 
best  of  hearts,  gained  him  esteem  and  love.  Such  was  his  conde- 
scension and  goodness,  /  speak  from  personal  knowledge^  that  he 
would,  without  debasing  himself,  treat  the  poor  as  his  brethren ; 


*  Among  Sir  William  Temple's  *'  Letters,"  is  one  addressed  to  him.    It  relates 
to  tbe  sale  of  tin  for  Charles  II.  and  intimates  the  zeal  of  the  alderman  for  his  .ma- 
jesty's service,  and  that  he  ^as  esteemed  by  the  writer  as  a  friend. 
VOL.    V.  2  B 


186  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY, 

and  the  meanest  of  the  dergy^  if  not  totally  deYoid  of  meiit^SAb 
friends ;  nor  rvas  he  ever  known  to  despise^  much  less  to  insuU  or  froni 
on,  a  man  merely  because  he  happened  to  be  of  a  low  rank  intktJm 
or  dependent  upon  him  as  his  curate.* 

Dr.  Eenrick  had  a  sister  named  Martha,  who  married  Sir  ^ 
liam  Clayton,  baronet.  John,  their  father,  as  I  am  informed,^ 
in  1730.  His  picture,  whence  the  print  was  taken,  was  burnt  in 
piazza,  in  Covent-garden,  in  1709,  having  been  sent  tiutbe: 
be  cleaned  by  Anderson,  a  painter. 

It  should  be  observed,  that  the  memorable  John  Kenrid 
Kendrick,  who  left  the  poor,  particularly  of  Reading  and  Newl 
above  20,000/.  was  of  the  same  family  ;t  as  was  also,  most 
bably,  John  Kendrick,  who  was  sheriff  of  London  in  1645, 
lord-mayor  in  1652. { 


RICHARD  SMITH,  Virtuoso  and  Litera,  M. 
Ob.  1676.  fF.  Sherxoin;  ea^tra  rare.  In  the  collet 
of  Sir  M.  Masterman  Sykes,  hart. 

Richard  Smith,  son  of  Richard  Smith  (a  clergyman  and  nat 
Abingdon),  was  born  at  Lillingston  Darrel,  in  the  county  of  B 
and  was  placed  as  clerk  to  an  attorney  in  the  city  of  London. 


•  See  more  of  this  worthy  person  in  "  The  Man  witliout  Guile ;"  an  e: 
sennon'preached  on  occasion  of  his  death,  by  Dr.  John  Butler,  1753.$ 

t  See  "The  last  Will  and  Testament  of  Mr.  John  Kendricke,  late  Citij 
Draper  of  London,"  1625;  4to. 

X  Stow*8  **  Survey  of  London,"  by  Strype,  book  iv.  p.  144, 145. 


$  I  had  drawn  at  foil  length,  and  almost  finished,  the  character  of  '<  Th 
WITHOUT  A  Heabt,"  as  a  contrast  to  "  The  Man  without  Guile."  Thi: 
have  made,  what  the  booksellers  call  a  sixpenny  touch  ;  and,  I  am  confident, 
liaye  been  thought  the  most  spirited  likeness  that  I  ever  drew.  But,  to  avoid 
potation  of  malevolence,  though  it  was  dictated  by  mirth  ||  rather  than  s{ 
committed  it  to  the  flames,  as  a  sacrifice  to  humanity.  This  has  given  ra« 
solid  satisfaction  than  any  transient  pleasure  that  I  could  possibly  have  r< 
from  forcing  a  smil9,or  gaining  the  approbation  of  the  few  who  thoroughly  kr 
man  :  whose  name,  though  he,  in  the  wantonness  of  wealth  and  insolence^ 
out  provocation,  has  repeatedly  stung  me  to  the  heart,  will  ever  remain  in  it 
found  secret,  ai  I  have  absolutely  forgiven  him. 

II  ————.-—  Ridentem  dicere  verura 
Quid  vetat  ?  » 


OF  ENGLANP.  187 

secondary  of  the  Poultry  Compter,  a  situation  worth  about 
year ;  but  on  the  death  of  his  son  in  1655,  he  sold  it,  and 

great  collector  of  books  and  MSS.  he  retired  and  lived  pri* 
n  Little  Moorfields.  He  was  of  an  excellent  temper  and 
t  justice.  He  died  in  1675,  and  was  buried  in  the  church  of 
^s,  Cripplegate.  His  extensive  library  was  sold  after  his 
md  produced  the  sum  of  1414/.  I2s.  lid.  See  an  account 
writings  in  Wood's  "  Athense  Oxonienses,''  vol.  iL  p.  394. 
3  Dibdin's  ^*  Bibliographical  Romance,''  and  **  The  Biblic- 
al Decameronj**  vol.  iii.  p.  274. 


3N  MOYSER,  esq.  of  Beverly,  in  Yorkshire. 
acef. 

gentleman  was  an  intimate  friend  of  Mr.  Place,  and  occa^ 
visited  him  for  months  at  a  time ;  during  one  of  which 
he  plate  was  engraved.    This  print,  with  the  rest  of  Place's 
is  very  scarce. 

DNARDUS     GAMMON,    generosus ;  falling 

«♦***** 


^UEL  MALINES.    Claret  p.   Lombart  sc, 
EUEL  Malines.    Claret  p.    Lodge/. 


.  PHILIP  WOOLRICH.  J.Greenhillp.  F.P. 
ds -Place)  f.  in  armour  ;  4to.  mezz. 

person  was  probably  a  private  gentleman  of  Mr.  Place's  ac« 
ice,  who  did  the  portraits  of  seveial  of  his  friends  in  mezzo- 
He  and  the  two  preceding  may  perhaps  belong  to  another 


188  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 


GENTLEMEN  IN  INFERIOR  CIVIL 
EMPLOYMENTS* 

"  The  Honourable  SIR  HENRY  COKER,  of  the 

county  of  Wilts,  kn*.  high  sheriff,  Anno  1663  ;  col.  ^ 
horse  and  foot  to  King  Charles  I.  col.  to  the  king  rf 
Spain  ;  and  col.  to  his  majesty  that  now  is,  of  the  ^etf 
vice  at  Worcester  :  now  gentleman  of  the  privy- 
chamber,  1669."     W'  Fait  home  ad  vivumf*  h.  sh. 

There  is  a  short  account  of  a  family  of  this  name  in  a  "  Survey 
of  Dorsetshire,"  published  in  folio,  1732,  from  a  manuscript  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Coker  of  Mapowder  in  that  county.  The  author  tells  ui, 
that  the  Cokers  of  that  place .  derived  their  name  from  Coker  in 
Somersetshire,  where  they  were  anciently  seated ;  and  that  Edwaid 
Seymour,  duke  of  Somerset,  ancestor  to  the  present  duke,  descended 
from  it :  that  the  branch  of  the  family,  which  has  long  flourished  a1 
Mapowder,  were  very  fortunate  in  marriages  with  the  heirs  d 
Norris,  Walleis,  and  Veale  :  and  that  the  Cokers  of  Ashbosom  a« 
a  distinct  family.  As  Wiltshire  and  Dorsetshire  are  contiguooi 
counties,  it  is  probable  that  this  gentleman  was  of  the  ancient  house 
of  Coker :  quaere.  I  knew  one  gentleman  of  the  name,  who  lived 
at  Knoyle,  near  Hindon,  in  V^iltshire. 

SIR  EDWARD  WALPOLE.  S.  Harding  dfil 
Birril  sc.  From  an  original  at  Strawberry  Hill;  in 
Coxe's  ^' Memoirs  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole'' 

Sir  Edward  Walpole,  only  son  and  heir  of  Robert  Walpole,  bom 
at  Houghton,  1621 ;  married  1649,  Susan,  second  daughter  and  co- 
heir of  Sir  Robert  Crane,  of  Chilton,  in  the  county  of  Suffolk 
knight  and  bart.     He  was  elected  a  member  for  the  borough  oi 


*  By  inferior  civil  employments  is  meant  &uch  as  are  inferior  to  those  of  the  greaj 
officers,  &c.  in  the  preceding  classes.  Perhaps  some  of  the  heads  in  this  class  maj 
he  at  properly  placed  in  the  fifth. 


OF    ENGLAND.  189 

Kings  Lynn,  in  the  parliament.whicb  voted  the  return  of  Charles  II. 

He  and  his  father  joined  with  Sir  Horatio  Townshend  (afterward 

Fiscount  Townshend),  in  fortifying  the  haven  of  Kings  Lynn,  and 

raising  forces  for  his  majesty's  reception,  in  case  the  king  should  not 

be  peacefully  restored;  for  which  service  he  was  made  one  of  the 

knights  of  the  Bath,  1661 ;  four  days  before  the  coronation  of 

Charles  II.     Being  again  elected  a  member  of  Lynn  in  the  long 

parliament,  the  corporation  had  such  a  sense  of  his  integrity  and 

services  in  the  House  of  Commons,  that  they  made  him  a  present 

of  a  noble  piece  of  place.     Ob.  1667,  ^t.  46. 


THOMAS   KILLEGREW,*  &c.   W^  Skeppardp. 
Faithome  sc.  h,  sh. 

Thomas   Killegrew,   &c.     Wissing  p.     Vander- 
vaartf.  large  4to.  mezz. 

Sir  Thomas  Killegrew.    Tempest  exc.  %vo.  mezz* 

Thomas  Killegrew,  dressed  like  a  pilgrim ;  no 
namey  but  these  tivo  verses : 

**  You  see  my  face,  and  if  you'd  know  my  mind 
'Tis  this :  I  hate  myself,  and  all  mankind." 

h  sh.  mezz. 

His  portrait y  together  with  that  of  the  Lord  ColeranCy 
is  engraved  by  Faithorne.  They  are  called  the  princely 
shepherds.  The  print  is  supposed  to  have  been  done  for 
a  masque. 

Thomas  Killegrew  ;  in  an  octagon.  Cooper  pin. 
£.  Scriven  sc. 

Thomas  Killegrew  ;  in  Harding's  "  Gi^ammont'^ 


F.  Bergh  sc. 


*  His  name  is  sometimes  spelt  Killigrew. 


f 


190  BIOORAPHICAL  HIS' 

Thomas  Killeobew:  Van  Hovej 


Thomas   Killegrew,  without  his  Tiame 
leaning  on  a  table;  a  quartered  cap  and  gown;  Usk 
with  a  great  mani/ female  heads.    W.  Hollar  sc.  scarce- 

Ther^  is  another  French  print  from  the  above,  ^ 
A.  Bosse. 

Thomas  Killegrew  was  page  of  honour  to  Charles  I.  aad  gMtfe- 
man  of  the  bed-chamber  to  Charles  II.  who,  in  1651,  appointed  hk 
his  resident  at  Venice.  He  was  a  man  of  wit  and  humour,  and  fre- 
quently entertained  the  king  with  his  drollery.  As  Charles  im 
wholly  engrossed  by  his  pleasures,  and  was  frequently  in  bis  tiu»- 
tress's  apartment  when  he  should  have  been  at  the  council-board,* 
Killegreit-  used  the  following  expedient  to  admonish  him  of  his  ex- 
treme negligence  in  regard  to  the  affaira  of  the  kingdom.  He 
dressed  himself  in  a  pilgrim's  habit,  went  into  the  king's  chamheia, 
and  told  him  that  he  hated  himself  and  the  world,  that  he  me 
resolved  immediately  to  leave  it,  and  was  then  entering  upon  a  p|t> 
^image  to  hell.  The  king  asked  him  what  be  proposed  to  do 
there.  He  sud  "  to  speak  to  the  devil  to  send  Oliver  Cromwell  t^ 
take  care  of  the  English  government,  as  he  had  observed,  vritk 
regret,  that  his  luccessor  was  always  employed  in  other  businftH." 
See  Class  IX.    See  also  the  Interregnum,  CIbbs  V. 


SIR  THOMAS  NOTT,  knt  one  of  the  gentlemen- 
ushers  in  ordinary  of  the  honourable  privy-chamb^  to 
his  present  majesty  King  Charles  II.  R.  White  ad 
vivum  del.  et  sc.  1678 ;  laced  band. 

Sir  Thomas  Nott,  knt.  &c.   W.  Richardson, 

Sir  Thomas  Nott,  who  was  well  known,  and  much  esteemed  for 
his  learning  and  genteel  accomplishments,  was  elected  a  fellow  of 
the  Royal  Society,  soon  after  its  incorporation  by  Charles  II. 


I  Ay  lV"-ftVi.-ii^»  (  Jrti:  -'^/■i'/  L't.'fslirSt  --- 


.1 
1 


OF    ENGLAND.  Wl 

[R  EDWARD  GAGE,  bart.  frm  tfie  original  at 
grave.  R.  Cooper  so.  4to.  in  Gage's  "  History  and 
iquities  of  Hengrave,  in  Suffolk." 

'Edward  Gage,  on  whom  his  mother  settled  the  manor  of  Hen- 
»,  was  created  a  baronet  by  King  Charles  the  Second ,  on  the 
of  July,  1662 ;  a  mark  of  the  royal  favour,  said  to  have  been 
rred  at  the  dying  request  of  colonel  Sir  Henry  Gage ;  whose 
orious  services  in  the  royal  cause  had  been  very  eminent, 
baronet  was  five  times  married.  By  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir 
km  Hervey,  who  died  on  the  13th  of  July,  1654,  he  had  issue, 
'^illiam  Gage,  his  heir,  and  two  daughters  ;  Penelope,  wife  of 
ird  Sulyard,  of  Haughley-park,  in  Suffolk ;  and  Mary,  wife  of 
un  Bond,  of  St.  Edmund's  Bury;  brother  of  Sir  Thomas  Bond, 
et.  Sir  Edward's  second  wife  was  Frances,  daughter  of 
sr,  second  Lord  Aston.  This  lady  died  in  child-birth  of  a  son, 
is  Gage,  who  inherited  from  his  mother  Packington-hall,  in 
rdshire,  and  lefl  by  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  only  child  of  John 
reux,  of  the  island  of  Mont-serrat,  one  son,  Devereux  Gage, 
iied  without  issue.  By  Anne  Watkins,  his  third  wife.  Sir 
rd  Gage  had  issue,  Edward,  who  died  young.  The  fourth 
age  was  with  Lady  Elizabeth  Fielding,  daughter  of  George 
ing,  earl  of  Desmond,  K.  B.  a  younger  son  of  William,  first 
>f  Denbigh,  by  Susan,  sister  of  George  Villiers,  duke  of  Buck- 
m.  There  was  issue  of  this  marriage,  four  sons ;  George, 
s,  John,  and  Henry,  and  two  daughters  ;  Catherine,  who  died 
id,  and  Basilia,  a  maid  of  honour  to  Mary  d'Este,  queen  to 
iS  the  Second.     Sir  Edward  married  fifthly,  Bridget  Fielding, 

3f  the  Denbigh  family,  widow  of Slaughter.     She  died 

)ut  issue  in  the  year  1702,  and  Sir  Edward  Gage  having 
ttedhis  90th  year,  died  in  1707,  and  was  interred  at  Hiengrave. 


'OBI AS  RUSTAT,  esq.    Suvteen  Latin  verses ; 

Quantum  est  quod  Coelo  ac  Terris  Rustate  dedisti?"  &c. 

^'^m  of  charity  J  with  her  children;  h.  sh.  mezz.  dr- 
'^ly  scarce. 

^BiAs  RusTAT.  SirP.Lely.  Gardiner;  1796;  4fo. 


192  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Tobias  Rustat  was  keeper  of  the  palace  of  Hampton-cooi 
yeoman  of  the  robes  to  Charles  II.  This  gentleman,  sensib 
much  youth  of  a  liberal  turn  of  mind  must  suffer  for  want  of 
petent  subsistence  at  the  university,  what  a  check  poverty 
rising  genius,  and  what  an  ill  effect  the  want  of  common  adv) 
of  society  has  upon  a  man's  future  behaviour  and  conduct 
bestowed  a  considerable  part  of  his  fortune  upon  young  stut 
Oxford  and  Cambridge.  He  gave  lOOOZ.  to  purchase  50L 
the  income  of  which  was  chiefly  to  be  applied  to  the  augm< 
of  thirteen  poor  fellowships  at  St.  John's  College,  in  Oxford 
founded  eight  scholarships  at  Jesus  College,  in  Cambridge, 
orphans  of  poor  clergymen.  He  was  a  considerable  benef 
Bridewell,  in  London,  and<;ontributed  liberally  towards  the 
ing  of  St.  Paul's  church.  The  brazen  statue  of  Charles  11 
middle  of  the  great  court  at  Chelsea  hospital,  and  the  eqi 
statue  of  him  at  Windsor,  were  erected  at  his  expense.  Tl 
charitable  person,  who  while  he  lived  was  a  blessing  to  the  p 
to  the  public,  died,  to  the  great  regret  of  all  that  knew  his  in 
1693.t 


MR.  CHIFFINCH ;  from  an  original  picture 
collection  of  Lord  Verulam,  at  Gorhambury.  Cla: 
4to. 


•  See  particulars  in  «*  Teme  Filius,"  No.  49. 

t  Here  follows  his  epitaph,  taken  from  p.  145  of  **  Collectanea  Cantabri 
by  Francis  Blomefield. 

"  Tobias  Kustat,  jeoman  of  the  robes  to  King  Charles  II.  whom  he  ser- 
all  duty  of  faithfulness,  in  his  adversity  as  well  as  prosperity.  The  greate 
the  estate  he  gathered  by  God*s  blessing,  the  king's  favour,  and  his  ind 
disposed  (of)  in  his  lifetime,  in  works  of  charity. t  He  found,  the  mo 
stowed  upon  the  churches,  hospitals,  universities,  and  colleges,  and  ai 
widows  of  orthodox  ministers,  the  more  he  had  at  the  year's  end  :  ncith< 
unmindful  of  his  kindred  and  relatlous,  in  making  them  provisions  out 
remained.  He  died  a  bachelor,  the  15th  day  of  March,  in  the  year,  6 
aged  87  years.* 


»> 


t  In  a  letter  of  Tobias  Rustat,  esq.  (coraraQnicated  by  Joseph  Gulston, 
great  nephew,  now  living,  are  these  words  :  "  It  appears,  that  from  no  vc 
tiful  fortune,  he  gave  in  all  10,735/.  in  benefactions,  long  before  his  death; 
them  Dear  thirty  years.*' 


f 


OF  ENGLAND.  193 

William  Ghiffinchy  or  Gheffing,  was  one  of  the  pages  of  the  bed- 
tamber  to  Charles  the  Second,  and  keeper  of  the  king's  cabinet 
oseU  Wood,  in  enumerating  the  king's  supper  companions,  says, 
hey  met  either  in  the  lodgings  of  Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth, 
b  those  of  Gheffing,  near  the  back  stairs,  or  in  the  apartment  of 
eanor  Owynn,  or  that  of  Baptist  May :  but  he  losing  his  Credit, 
leffing  had  the  greatest  trust  among  them/'  So  gfeat  was  the 
ofidence  reposed  in  him,  that  he  was.  the  receiver  of  the  secret 
iisiohs  paid  by  the  court  of  France  to  the  king  of  England.  He 
18  also  the  person  who  was  intrusted  to  introduce  Hudlestone,  a 
<^h  priest,  to  Gharles  the  Second  on  his  death-bed,  for  the  pur- 
oe  of  giving  him  extreme  unction/ 

Sir  Edward  Walker,  garter  principal  king  at  arms,  gave  a  grant 
arms  and  crest  gratis  to  William  Chiffinch.  It  appears  that  he 
id  an  elder  brother  named  Thomas,  who,  in  1664,  received  a 
nilar  favour  from  Sir  Edward  Walker,  by  the  name  of  Thomas 
bffinch,  esq.  one  of  the  pages  of  his  majesty's  bed-chamber, 
ieper  of  his  private  closet,  and  comptroller  of  the  excise.  He 
d  Elias  Ashmole  were  madejbint  comptrollers  of  excise,  13th  of 
larles  IL 


THOMAS    WINDHAM,*  esq.    Sir  Ralph  Ct>k, 
irt.p.    R.  Tomson  exc.  A.  sh.  mezz.  ' 

In  the  last  edition  of  GuiUim's  "  Heraldry,"  published  1724,,fol. 
a  coat  of  arms  of  a  gentleman  of  both  his  names.     Ukider  the 
ihievement  is  the  following  account : 

"  This  coat  is  also  born  by  Thomas  Windham,  of  Tale,  in  Devon- 
ure,  esq.  one  of  the  grooms  of  his  now  majesty's  bed-chamber, 
»ird  son  of  Sir  Edmund  Windham,  of  Gathanger,  in  Somersetshire, 
night,  marshal  of  his  majesty's  most  honourable  household,  and 
neally  descended  of  the  ancient  family  of  Windham,  of  Grown- 
lorp,  in  Norfolk."  The  same  account  was  certainly  printed  in  a 
>nner  edition  of  Gui]lim ;  but  it  is  not  suflftciently  clear  whether r 
Jharles  IL  or  some  other  prince  be  meant  by  "  his  now  nwjesty," 
conclade  the  former.  ' 


♦  Sometimes  spelt  Wyndham. 
VOL.  V.  2  c 


194  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

EMERY  HILL,  esq.  T.Trotter  del. et  sculp.  Founder 
of  the  alms-houses  and  free-school^  in  Rochester-row, 
TothiU-Jidds,  Westminster. 

In  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  is  a  monument,  sacred  to  the 
memory  of  that  great  example  of  piety  and  true  Christianity,  Mr. 
Emery  Hill,  a  peison  accomplished  with  all  Chrislian  graces  and 
virtues,  and  most  eminent  for  his  charity.  Oh.  1677,  Mt.  68.  See 
a  list  of  hifl  charities  in  Maitland,  &c. 


JOHNSNELL;  in  the  "  Oxford  Almanack;'  1742. 

John  Snell,  bom  at  Comonall,  in  Carrick,  in  the  sheriffedom  of 
Ayce,  in  Scotland,  received  his  education  in  the  university  of  Glas- 
gow, and  was  afterward  clerk  under  Sir  Orlando  Bridg^man,  and 
cryer  of  the  court  of  Exchequer  and  Common  Pleas,  during  the 
time  Sir  Orlando  was  lord  chief-baron  and  chief-justice,  and  after- 
ward  seal-bearer,  when  he  was  lord-keeper.  Being  much  esteemed 
for  his  great  diligence  and  acuteness,  he  was  employed  by  James, 
duke  of  Monmouth,  and  Anthony,  earl  of  Shaftesbury.  He  died 
1679,  jEf.  50;  and  left  a  considerable  estate  in  Warwickshire,  to 
the  university  of  Oxford,  for  the  maintenance  of  acbolara  Itom  the 
university  of  Glasgow. 


J.OHN  CAREW ;  a  small  head  in  the  frontispiece  to 
the  "  Lives,  Speeches,  and  private  Passages  of  those 
Persons  lately  executed ;''  London,  1661. 

John  Carew  ;  a  head  in  an  oval  seal,  and  auto- 
graph; %vo. 

Mr.  Carew  was  descended  from  an  ancient  and  honourable  fa- 
mily, long  seated  in  Cornwall,  and  was  second  son  of  Sir  Richard 
Carew,  of  Anthony,  in  that  county,  created  a  baronet  by  Charles  I. 
in  1641.  This  gentleman  was  extremely  unfortunate  in  his'  two 
eldest  sons,  though  they  suffered  death  in  different  causes;  the 
eldest.  Sir  Alexander,  was  one  of  the  knights  of  the  shire  for  Corn- 
wall, in  1640  ;  and  for  a  time  appeared  (as  he  certainly  was  by  prin- 


Ememt  Mill  JEsq-^ 

Obiit  Jime  2^*16^/. 


fbi'MvA  lo!^f^g^t^W^Udi4i^/H&fitrS!lUie^ltrSfmttn. 


OF    ENQLAl^Cu  1^, 

ifk)  firmly  attached  to  the  repaUican  interest  He  had  received 
fCNMnmissicm  in  the  parliament  army,  and  was  gpyemor  or  St.  Ni- 
txdas  island,  near  Plymouth ;  but  on  the  success  of  the  royalists  in 
ke  west  of  England,  fearing  the  loss  of  his  estatCi  which  was  large 
1  that  quarter,  he  deserted  the  parliament  army,  and  went  over  to 
but  of  the  king.  Shortly  after,  however,  falling  into  the  hands  of 
be  prevailing  power,  he  was  brought  to  a  court-martial  for  deser- 
iM,  found  guilty,  and  beheaded  on  Tower-hill^  Dec,  23, 1644. 
lea&cted  great  religion  and  humility  at  his  death,  and  confessed 
t  was  more  from  the  fear  of  losing  his  estate  than  affection  for  the 
iDyal  cause,  that  prompted  him  to  act  in  the  way  he  had  done. 

Mr.  John  Carew,  on  the  contrary,  whatever  his  other  failings 
ilight  be,  was  consistent  in  firmly  supporting,  to  the  last  moment  of 
MS  existence,  the  principles  he  first  set  out  with  in  public  life.  Me 
mm  returned  to  serve  in  the  Long  Parliament,  as  one  of  the  mem- 
Mfi  for  the  borough  of  Tregony,  in  Cornwall ;  and,  in  1646,  two 
nars  after  the  execution  of  his  brother,  so  constant  was  his  affection 
to  the  cause  of  the  parliament^  that  it  appointed  him  one  of  the 
lOiiUDissioners  to  receive  the  king  at  Holdenby.  Cromwell,  Iretoui 
Eftdlow,  and  the  other  principal  leaders  of  the  republicans,  were  so 
Vdl  convinced  of  his  political  opinions,  that  he  was  one  of  the  first 
•itned  in  the  commission  to  tiy  the  king :  nor  were  they  mistaken 
ft  the  knowledge  of  the  man,  for  he  sat  every  day,  both  in  the 
hunted  Chamber  and  Westminster  Hall,  in  which  they  met;  and 
pA  his  hand  and  seal  to  the  warrant  for  carrying  the  sentence  into 
Ittcntion. 

-  During  the  life  of  the  Protector,  Mr.  Carew  lived  in  great  retire- 
jie&t ;  but  on  the  coming  over  from  Holland  of  King  Charles  II.  h% 

Ci  apprehended,  and  conveyed  to  London,  in  order  to  his  being 
Qght  to  trial ;  in  most  of  the  towns  he  passed  through  on  the 
■iy,  the  generality  of  the  people  reviled  him  in  the  following  terms : 
•Hang  him,  rogue ;"  "  Pistol  him,"  said  others.  *'  Hang  him  up/' 
iikl  some  at  Salisbury,  *'  at  the  next  sign-post,  without  farther 
•BO^e.'*  **  Look,"  said  others^  '^  how  he  doth  not  alter  his  coon- 
B^feance ;  but  we  beHeve  he  will  tremble  when  he  comes  to  the  lad- 
^«  This  is  the  rc^ue  will  have  no  king  but  Jesus."  Indeed,  the 
lB<e  of  the  people  all  the  way  was  such,  that  had  he  not  been  armed 
Uli  the  gree^st  fortitude,  he  must  have  sunk  under  the  torrent  of 
Nise  hurled  around  him  on  every  side. 

^Ut.  Ciavew  was  brought  to  trial  at  the  Old  Biuley,  before  Judge 
^ter,  Oct.  12,.  1660 ;  and  after  a  very  small  time  of  coo^ulutioi^ 


196  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

by  the  jury  amongst  themselTes  at  the  bar,  they  brought  in  a  verdict 
of  guilty.  Three  days  after,  Oct,  15,  he  was  drawn  on  a  hurdle 
from  Newgate  to  Charing-cross,  and  there  executed  :  which  being 
done,  his  quarters  were  begged  by  his  brother  of  the  king,  and  by 
him  were  buried. 


-  GREGORY  CLEMENT;  a  small  head  in  the  fron- 
tispiece to  the  "Lives,  Speeches,  and  Passages,  of  the 
Regicides;"  8vo. 

Gregory  Clement  ;  with  his  seal  and  autograph  ,• 
Ato. 

'  Gregory  Clement,  a  citizen  and  merchant  of  London,  was  a  man 
of  conaiderable  reputation  and  estate,  which  he  greatly  improved  by 
trading  to  Spain;  having  obtained  a  seat  in  the  Long  Parliament  in 
1646,  he  cordially  joined  with  those  who  were  most  affectionate  nnd 
ready  to  serve  the  Commonwealth,  though  it  does  not  appear  he 
ever  possessed  any  place  of  profit  under  the  republican  government. 
He  became  particularly  obnoxious  to  the  episcopal  and  cavaliei' 
party,  by  his  purchasing  the  sequestered  estates  of  the  bishops,  by 
which  he  is  reported  to  have  made  a  considerable  fortune.  He  was 
considered  of  such  consequence,  both  with  the  army  and  parliameat, 
that  he  was  put  into  the  commisGJoa  to  try  the  king,  and  is  reported 
to  have  said  on  that  occasion,  "  He  durst  not  refuse  his  assist-* 
ance."  He  attended  the  high  court  of  justice  all  the  days  in  ■West- 
minster Hall ;  and  in  the  Painted  Chamber,  the  8th,  22d,  and  29th, 
of  January ;  and  set  his  hand  and  seal  to  the  warrant  to  put  the 
king  to  death.  ' 

On  the  restoration  of  Charles  the  Second,  he  was  absolutely  ex- 
cepted from  pardon,  both  as  to  life  and  estate;  and  was  appre-' 
bended  May  26,  1660,  and  sent  to  the  Tower  ;  at  which  lime  an. 
order  came  to  secure  the  property  of  all  those  who  had  sat  iu  judg— ' 
ment  upon  the  late  king,  Ludlow  gives  a  very  extraordinary  ac- 
count of  the  manner  in  which  he  was  discovered  :  he  says,  "  Mr. 
Gregory  Clement,  one  of  the  king's  judges,  had  concealed  himself 
at  a  mean  house  near  Gray's  Inn;  but  some  persons  having  ob- 
Berved  that  bettor  provisions  were  carried  to  that  place  than  had 
been  usual,  procured  an  officer  to  search  the  house,  where  he  foun<f 
Mr,  Clement;  and  piesnnnng  him  to  be  one  of  the  king's  judges, 


OF.  ENGLAJ^D.  197 

thougk  he  knew,  him  not.  personally^  carried  him  hefore  the.com- 
ndssioners  of  the  jniHtia  of  .that  precinct.  :  One  of  these  commis- 
sioners, to  whom  he  was  not  unknown,  after  a  slight  examination, 
had  prevailed  with  the  rest  to. dismiss  him ;  but  as  he  was  about  to 
withdraw,  it  happened  that  a  blind  man,  who  had  crowded  into  the 
room,  and  was  acquainted  with  the  voice  of  Mr.  Clement,  which  was 
very,  remarkable,  desired  he  might  be  called  in  again,  and  i  de- 
manded, if  he  was  not  Mr.  Gregory  Clement  ?  The  commissioners 
not, knowing  how  to  refuse  his  request,,  permitted  the  question  to  be 
asked;  and  he  not  denying  himself  to  be  the  man,  was,  by  that 
means,  discovered.*'  He  was  brought  to  trial,  Oct.  12, 1660 :  and  at 
first  pleaded  not  guilty,  but  waving  his  plea,  he  confessed  himself 
guilty;  at  the  same  time  presenting  a  petition  in  court  praying 
mercy  of  th&  king. 

*.  JDnring  the  time  of  his  imprisonment,  and  after  conviction,  he 
'Was.remaiii:ed  for  his  great  taciturnity,  seldom  or  ever  hailing  con- 
Tersation  with  any  one  ;  but. when  he  found  his  petition  of  no  avail, 
aad  that  he  must  expiate  his  offence  by  death,  he  said,  that  nothing 
troubled  him  so  much  as  his  pleading  guilty  at  the  time  of  his  trial, 
.srfaich  he  did  to  satisfy  the  importunity  of  his  relations;  by  which 
he  had  rendered  himself  unworthy  to  die  in  so  glorious  a  cause. 
He  was  executed  at  Charing-cross,  on  the  17th  of  October,  1660; 
going  from  Newgate  on  the  same  sledge  with  Mr.  Scot.  He  made 
no  speech ;  for  being  asked  by  .the  sheriff  if  he  had  any  thing  to  say, 
he  replied,- "No:"  upon  which  execution  was  done;  and  being 
quartered,  his  head  was  set  upon  London-bridge.  It  is  not  to  be 
much  wondered  at,  that  he  should  make  no  set  speech ;  for :  Ludlow 
nemarks,  '*  that  though  his. apprehension  and  judgment  were  not  to 
be  despised)  yet  ha  had  no  good  elocution.'' 


HENRY  MARTIN  \from  an  original  'picture  in  the 
possession  of  Charles  Lewis j  esq.  quarto ;  in  Co.ve's 
^^  Tour  in  Monmouthshire.^' 

.  Henry  Marten,  esq.  with  his  seal  and  autograph. 
J.  .Tuck  sc.  8vo.     , 

.Henry  Marten,  esq.  was  son  and  heir-apparent  of  Sir  Henry 
Marten,  I^L.D.  a  judge  of  the  Admiralty,  and  who  wished  to  mp- 


198  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

derate  the  misimdentanduig  that  arose  belwceh.'Kiiig.CharIes  ibe 
First  and  his  parliament ;  in  the  last  of  which  he  sat  as  a  member 
for  the  borough  of  St  Ives,  in  Huntingdondiire. 

The  first  account  that  we  have  of  this  gentfeman  b  in  theysir 
1639,  when  he  was  one  of  those  who  excused  themi^ves  from  cos* 
tributing  money  towards  the  Scotch  War,  as  haying  otherwiM 
assisted  his  majesty.  He  was  returned  one  ai  the  members  to  rs^ 
present  the  county  of  Berks,  in  the  two  last  parliaments  called  Vj 
King  Charles  I. ;  and  the  latter  was  the  erer  memorable  one,  k 
which  he  made  a  most  conspicuous  figure.  Mr.  Marten  had  pees- 
liar  advantages  at  the  commencement  of  his  public  life,  having  us* 
ceived  a  learned  education  at  Oxford,  the  j^ace  of  his  nativity.^  He 
became  a  gentleman-commoner  in  Universify  C(^ege  when  onlj 
fifteen  years  old ;  and  in  1607,  he  received  a  batchelor  of  arts'  dfti 
gree.  Upon  his  leaving  coU^e,  he  applied  to  the  study  of  the  hw 
in  one  of  the  inns ;  but  his  mind  probably  was  too  volatile  for  thst 
dry  profession :  quitting  it,  he  took  a  tour  through  France;  od 
upon  his  return,  enriched  himself  by  a  marriage  with  a  rich  widow. 

Sir  Henry,  his  father,  was  extremely  conversant  in  business;  and 
it  would  have  been  of  singular  use  to  him,  had  he  acted  with  diat 
prudence  that  might  have  been  expected  from  the  care  and  admo* 
nitions  of  so  able  a  monitor ;  but  on  the  contrary,  he  was  all  vkn 
lence  from  the  very  commencement  of  the  civil  war.  The  parlia^ 
ment  appointed  him  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  horse ;  but  he  more 
distinguished  himself  with  his  tongue  than  his  sword ;  4is  a  most 
convincing  proof:  one  of  the  Puritanic  clergy  named  Skltmarsh^ 
having  in  August,  1643,  amongst  other  expressions,  said,  that  '^  all 
means  should  be  used  to  keep  the  king  and  his  people  from  a 
sudden  union ;  that  the  war  ought  to  be  cherished  under  the  notioa 
of  popery,  as  the  surest  means  to  engage  the  people ;  and  that  if 
the  king  would  not  grant  their  demands,  then  to  root  him  out  and 
the  royal  line,  and  to  collate  the  crown  upon  somebody  else."  The 
House  of  Commons  expressed  their  indignation  against  such  dan- 
gerous positions ;  though  too  many  of  them  were  known  to  b^ 
guided  by  such  sentiments. 

Mr.  Marten,  who  thought  exactly  as  Mr.  Saltmarsh,  except  in 
the  article  of  giving  the  crown  to  any  other  when  they  had  taken  it 
from  the  legal  possessor,  said,  in  the  course  of  the  debate  about  the 
obnoxious  book,  that  **  he  saw  no  reason  to  condemn  Mr.  Saltmarsh, 
and  that  it  were  better  one  family  should  be  destroyed  than  many." 
Sir  Nevil  Pole  moving,  that  "  Mr.  Marten  should  explain  what  eae 


OF    ENGLAND.  199 

Family  lie  meant;"  lie  boldly  answered,  "the  king  and  his  children." 
Tliia  called  up  the  indignation  of  many  truly  loyal  members,  who 
representing  both  the  extreme  profligacy  of  his  life,  and  the  very 
dangetons  tendency  of  his  answer,  moved,  that  he  should  be  sent  to 
Ae  Tower;  which  passing  in  the  affirmative,  he  was  sent  thither; 
but  his  party,  who  thought  he  had  only  spoken  too  early  his  senti- 
ments, using  their  influence,  he  was  released  from  his  confinement ; 
but  it  did  not  prevent  his  expulsion  from  the  house. 

In  January,  1645-6,  many  in  the  House  of  Commons  coming 
Bearer  to  Mr,  Marten's  political  creed,  procured  a  vote,  that  the 
former  judgment  against  him,  by  which  he  was  expelled  their  walls, 
diould  be  void,  and  erased  out  of  their  journals ;  and  that  he 
■hoold  enjoy  the  benefit  of  his  first  election  :  this,  says  Whitlock, 
gate  occasion  for  some  to  observe,  that  the  house  began  to  be  more 
averse  to  the  king,  lliey  even  gave  him  the  government  of  Beading, 
and  highly  resented  the  arrest  of  one  of  his  menial  servants;  and  his 
insolence  became  unbounded  :  he  stopped  a  letter  which  the  Earl  of 
Northumberland  sent  to  his  countess,  and  opened  it,  thinking  he 
should  have  discovered  some  correspondence  between  that  noble- 
man and  the  king ;  and  though  his  lordship  was  a  partisan  of  the 
parliament,  yet  this  scandalous  conduct  was  applauded  rather  than 
censured. 

This  great  peer,  however,  did  not  choose  to  put  up  with  such  an 
iosult ;  and  meeting  Colonel  Marten,  after  a  conference  between  the  . 
two  houses,  in  the  Painted  Chamber,  questioned  him  about  it ;  and 
ke,  instead  of  apologizing,  giving  some  rude  answer  to  justify  what 
ke  had  done,  the  earl  cudgelled  him  before  the  whole  company  of 
lords  and  commons :  yet  notwithstanding  the  disgraceful  traits  in 
log  character,  he  continued  to  be  extremely  popular  in  the  House  of 
CoumiOQS  ;  and  at  a  consultation  of  the  first  commanders  in  the 
snny,  Mr.  Marten,  as  a  colonel,  attended,  and  cut  the  matter  short, 
by  telling  them  they  should  "  serve  the  king,  as  the  English  did  his 
Scotch  grandmother— cut  off  his  head."  This  horrid  advice  was 
sdopted,  and  he  was  the  first  to  dispose  every  thing  for  the  comple- 
lion  of  the  scheme ;  and,  as  one  of  the  commissioners  m  the  high 
court  of  justice,  he  sat  every  day,  three  excepted,  the  13ll],  18th, 
ind  19th,  and  signed  the  warrant  to  put  the  sentence  into  exe- 
cution. 
At  the  restoration,  he  was  absolutely  excepted,  both  as  to  life  and 

property;  but  he  had  the  prudence  to  surrender  himself,  in  obedi- 

iince  to  the  proclamation  of  the  parliament,  and  was  brought  to  trial 


i 


200  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

at  the  Sessions-house,  in  the  Old  Bailey,  Oct.  10,  1660.  He  mr 
found  guilty;  but  through  the  influence  of  powerful  friends,  he  got 
off  with  imprisonment  for  life ;  and  was  c(»^ned  upwards  of  twentf 
years  in  Chepstow  Castle,  Monmouthshire,  where  he  died  saddenlj 
with  the  food  iu  his  mouth,  in  1681,  aged  78  years.    . 


JOHN  VENN,  esq.    Harding  sc.  8vo. 

John  Venn,  esq.  was  a  silk-man,  in  London,  but  whose  businett, 
was  supposed  not  to  be  good,  which  making  him  discontented,  he 
went  into  the  army,  and  rose  to.  the  rank  of  colonel,  was  appDinted , 
governor  of  Windsor  Castle,  had  the  sum  of  4000/.  gifted  him  for 
supposed  losses,  which  probably  he  never  experienced.  -  He  was 
appointed  one  of  the  king's :  judges,  and  took  a  decisive  pait 
against  the  fallen  monarch,  omitting  only  January  19th  and  24tiif 
from  sitting  upon  the  trial ;  and  he  signed  the  warrant  for  exe- 
cution. 

His  government  of  Windsor  had  given  him  great  conseqaencef . 
as  well  from  the  strength  of  the  place,  as  it  being  the  sanctuary  rf' 
the  most  consummate  hypocrisy,  where  all  the  worst  of  a  vife 
faction  met  to  deliberate  upon  their  actions,  and  to  pray  for  the 
completion  of  their  diabolical  schemes.  .This  situation  too  afibrded 
him  opportunities  of  plundeiing  the  neighbourhood,  and  embezzling 
the  royal  furniture ;  such  as  hangings,  linen,  and  bedding.  The 
superiors  in  the  army  put  him  upon  such  services  that  would  have 
disgusted  more  honourable  persons,  dispatching  him  with  the 
pressed  men — for  this  was  not  illegal  in  the  land-service  with  these 
defenders  of  liberty ;  but  his  conduct  was  so  imperious  to  these  od- 
happy  people,  that  they  revolted  at  Farnham,  in  their  way  to  General 
Fairfax,  but  were  soon  suppressed. 

Soon  after  the  king's  violent  death,  he  fell  into  great  neglect, 
living  privately  upon  the  plunder  he  had  obtained.  The  parliament 
at  the  restoration  would  have  included  him  in  the  utmost  penalties 
of  the  laws  against  traitors ;  but  just  at  the  moment,  it  was  given 
out  by  his  family  that  he  died.  Many  thought  from  the  sudden? 
ness  of  his  exit,  that  he  had  destroyed  himself;  if  not,  it  is  most 
probable  that  he  secreted  himself  so  artfully,  that  he  escaped  the 
vigilance  of  those  who  would  gladly  have  made  him  a  public  exam- 
ple. His  name,  however,  is  in  the  exceptive  clause,  and  the  govern- 
ment seized  his  property. 


few.  (sjfft-mJ:  .  (JumjoujL. 

J,r.,,_n.,,>a^,%riO>^.ikt  v^-^Jm  l^l    8m-r'_ti    '^  <w:UJ■^NC'■■ 


OF   ENGLAND.  201 

MILES  CORBET ;  an  oval,  in  the  same  plate  with 
Colonel  Okey  and  John  Barkstead;  small  h.  sh.  very 

icarce. 

Miles  Corbet  ;  copied  from  the  above.    W.  Rich^ 
dvdson  exc.  Svo. 

Miles  Corbet;  with  his  seal  and  autograph  ;  8w. 


Mr.Oorbett  was  a  geniteniafr  df. an  ancient  and  honourable 

fiumly  in  Norfolk,  who  afiftergoiittg  through  hift  academical  studies, 

settled  himself  to  the  pr^Ebssicm^rUieTlain  and  was  for  many  years 

a  member  and  resident  iatincoln^s  Inn.)  It  cannot  be  objected  to 

1^  as  to  many  othefk  of  his  republican  brothers^  that  he  was 

one  of  the  mushroom  breM,  engendered.'oidy  and  fbstered  through 

the  troubles  of  the  times*  thi^  Uved  in,  Mr;:  Corbet  having  been  re-< 

tamed  a  member  to  serve  in  eyerysuccessive  parliament  for  thirty^ 

seven  years  prior  to  the  -restoration;  he  was  burgess  of,  and  recorder 

for,  Great  Yarmouth,  in  the  Lon^  Parliament ;  early  became  a 

committee-ma^  .for  the  county  of  Noifdk;  ahd^  from  his  well* 

known  legal  fifeiUlies,  was,  by  the  parliament  hi  ld44>tQade  derk  of 

the  court  of  w^urds ;  and  iii  Mdrchf,  1647--8,  hie,  Viih  Mr.  Robert 

Goodwin,  were  made  registrats  in  the  court  (^  Chan^Iery^  in  the  room 

of  Colonel  Long,  one  of  the  eleven  impeached' members.    This 

place  alone,  to  Mr.  Corbet,  was  worth  700/.  :ayeiar«.- 

Corbet  had  the  jprincipal  management  of  {he  t>ffice  of  sequestra- 
tion agsiinst  the  lo3ralistR,  irf  order  to  enable  the 'parliament  to  carry 
on  the  war  against  the  king ;-  spealdng  of  which,  Lord  Hollis  says, 
"  The  committee  of  examinations,  where  Mr.  Miles  Corbet  kept  his 
justice  seat,  which  was  worth  something  to  his  clerk,  if  not  to  him, 
what  a  continual  horse^fair  it  was  1  even  like  doomsday  itself,  to 
judge  persons  of  all  sorts  and  sexes/^  The  strictness  with  which 
he  enforced  the  penalties  in  this  station,  rendered  him  so  extremely 
odious  and  unpopular  in  this  kingdom,  that  he  was  glad  to  embrace 
an  opportunity  that  offered  to  change  the  scene.  The  parUament 
therefore  in  August,  1652,  put  him  in  the  commission  for  managing 
the  affairs  of  Ireland,  with  the  Lord-general  Cromwell,  Lieutenant- 
generals  Fleetwood  and  Ludlow,  Colonel  Jones,  and  Mr.  Weaver. 
In  this  situation  he  remained  during  all  the  changes  of  government, 

VOL.  V.  2d 


202:  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

until  January,  1659-60 ;  ivhen  he  was  suspended  by  Sir  Charles 
Coote,  and  then  impeached  of  high- treason,  after  haTing  received 
no  less  than  ten  several  commissions  for  this  office.  He  soon  after 
returned  into  England,  but  was  so  alarmed  by  the  proceeding^ 
against  Sir  Henry  Vane,  and  Major  Salway,  and  from  having  so 
great  a  charge  preferred  against  him,  that  he  would  not  appear  pub- 
licly, much  less  go  to  the  house,  until  inspired  with  some  confidence 
by  Ludlow,  he  went  thither  to  give  an  account  of  his  conduct;  in 
which  he  acted  in  such  a  manner  that  reflected  credit  to  his  pablie 
character ;  for  Ludlow,  who  was  part  of  the  time  upon  the  spot,  tnd 
some  while  employed  with  him,  avers  that  "  he  manifested  such  in- 
tegrity, that  though  he  was  continued  for  many  years  in  that  station, 
yet  he  impaired  his  own  estate  for  the  public  service,  whilst  he  ir» 
the  greatest  husband  of  the  Commonwealth's  treasure." 

At  the  restoration,  Mr.  Corbet  made  bis  escape  to  the  continent; 
and  after  travelling  through  many  parts  of  Germany,  settled  with 
Barkstead  and  Okey,  at  Hanau,  in  the  circle  of  the  Lower  Rhine ; 
and  having  taken  care  to  secure  iet  sufiGksient  property  for  their  fiitore 
maintenance  and  support,  were  admitted  free  burgesses  of  ^t 
place.  After  remaining  many  months  uninolested  or  disturbed  here^ 
Mr.  Corbet  imprudently  quitted  this  secure  asylum,  on  a  shortvisit 
to  some  friends  in  Holland ;  notice  of  which  coming  to  the  know- 
ledge of  Sir  George  Downing,  the  English  resident,  he  was  secured 
ia  company  with  his  friends  Barkstead  and  Okey ;  whom  he  had 
called  on  merely  to  pay  a  friendly  visit.  Sir  George  had  procured 
an  .Order  from  the  states-^general  to  secure  them ;  which  having 
been  effected  through  the  most  mean  and  despicable  treachery,  he 
sent  them  over  in  chains  to  England  by  the  Black-a-moor  frigate, 
which  had  been  stationed  there  for  that  purpose,  on  Downing's  re- 
ceiving notice  from  a  friend  of  Colonel  Okey*s  of  his  intended  visit, 
which  the  renegade  Downing  had  given  his  parole  of  honour  he 
would  in  no  way  disturb  or  molest.  This  man  had  been  raised  by 
Colonel  Okey  from  a  very  low  station  in  life  to  the  establishment 
which  he  then  held,  having  remained  in  that  situation  under  Crom- 
well and  the  Commonwealth,  but  made  his  peace  with  the  new  king 
and  government,  by  betraying  all  those  who  had  been  his  best 
friends  and  protectors. 

Being  brought  to  the  bar  of  the  King's  Bench,  on  the  16th  of 
April,  1662,  after  a  slight  investigation  as  to  identity  of  person, 
Mr.  Corbet  was  found  guilty,  and  received  sentence  of  death.  He 
was  executed  at  Tyburn,  being  drawn  there  upon  a  sledge  from  the 


OF   ENGLAND.  203 

Tower ;  his  quarters  were  placed  over  the  city  gates,  and  his  head 
iqpon  London-bridge,  April  19,  1662. 


IRISH  GENTLEMEN. 

SIR  PHILIP  PERCEVAL,  bart.  2d  of  that  name, 
eldest  son  of  the  Right  Honourable  Sir  John  Perceval, 
hvtt  the  7th  of  that  name,  bom  the  12th  of  January, 
iS56,  died  without  issue,  the  11th  of  September,  1680. 
faberf.  1744,  %vo.  This  and  the  three  following  prints 
were  engraved  for  "  The  History  of  the  House  of 
Yvery:' 

This  gentleman  was  eldest  son  of  Sir  John  Perceval,  by  Catharme 
Southwell.  Having  completed  his  education,  by  arts,  languages, 
tad  travel,  he  fixed  a  regular  plan  for  increasiug  his  paternal  estate 
and  serving  the  public  in  England,  for  which  he  appears  to  have 
been  perfectly  qualified  from  his  judgment,  activity,  and  elevated, 
but  well-tempered,  spirit.  He  was  stopped  short,  in  the  very  be- 
^nning  of  his  career  by  death,  the  effect,  as  was  reasonably  sup- 
posed, of  poison,  administered  by  an  unknown  hand,  while  he  was 
eagerly  engaged  in  tracing  the  dark  and  intricate  drcumstances  of 
the  attempt  to  murder  his  brother  Robert  ;*  which  by  his  great  sa« 
gacity  and  industry,  would  probably  soon  have  been  uuravelled 
and  brought  to  light.f 


SIR  JOHN  PERCEVAL,  bart.  (8th  of  that  name) 
lord  of  Burton,  Liscarrol,  Kanturk,  Castle  Warning, 
and  Oughterard,  &c.  born  1660,  died  1686.  Faberf 
1743^ 

Sir  John  Perceval,  who  was  third  son  of  the  seventh  Sir  John,  by 
Catharine  Southwell,  became  possessed  of  the  family  estate,  upon 
the  untimely  deaths  of  Sir  Philip  and  Robert,  bis  elder  brothers. 


*  See  his  article  a  little  below. 

f  **  History  t>£  t^  House  of  Yfry,**  p.  ^6,  kc 


204  BIOGRAPHICAL  RISTORY 

Hit  piety,  his  benetolence,  and  uncommon  ^application  to,  ftudy, 
rendered  him,  at  au  early  period,  the  darlmgand  bqpeiof  bb  frieodi 
and  relations.  When  he  found  himself  in  affluent  circumstances, 
he  gave  a  loose  to  his  natural  disposition,  and  displayed  his  good- 
nature, affability,  and  politeness,  to, the  whole  country,  as  on  a 
public  theatre,  where  he  met  with  the  highest  approbation,  as  a 
father  and  protector  of  tha  poor,  a  warm  patriot,  and  a  generous 
and  amiable  man.  His  hospitality  was  without  example,  and  some 
of  his  other  virtues  were  of  a  peculiar  cast.  He  generally  consumed 
two  bullocks  and  twenty  sheep  in  his  family  every  week,  in  wbidi 
he  had  one  public  day,  when  multitudes  ca9ie  to  .pay  him  their  rs- 
spects.  His  house  was  never,  on  these  occasions,  a  scene  of  riot, 
but  every  thing  was  conducted  with  the  strictest  decorum.  One  of 
his  peculiarities  was,  that  he  rarely  returned  a  visit,  or  degraded 
himself  by  familiarity;  yet  few  men  were  more  respected  and 
beloved.  Another  was,  always  to  retire  from  his  company  at  five 
o'clock,  and  to  leave  the  real;  of  the  entertainment  to  be  conducted 
by  a  gentleman  whom  he  retained  in  his  family  for  that  purpose. 
'To  supply  the  defect  of  returning  visits,  he  constantly  went  to  the 
county  assizes,  where  he  saw  the  principal  persons  of  his  acquaint* 
ance,  to  whom  he  paid  his  civilities.  It  should  here  be  observdii 
that  Sir  John,  who  was  rather  an  object  of  admiration  than  an  ex- 
ample of  prudence  and  conduct,  by  his  singular  method  of  life,  ia 
the  course  of  six  years,  plunged  himself  in  a  debt  of  11,000/.* 


GEORGE  PERCEVAL,  of  Temple^house,  in  Com. 
Sligo,  esq.  youngest  son  of  the  Right  Honourable  Sir 
Philip  Perceval,  knight  (1st  of  that  name),  bom  15 
Sept.  1635;  Ob.  1675.    Faberf.  1744;  ^o. 

This  gentleman,  of  whose  character  we  know  very  little,  goiog 
Over  to  England,  in  the  same  ship  with  the  Earl  of  Meath  and  other 
persons  of  distinction,  was  unfortunately  cast  away  and  drowned, 
on  the  25th  of  March,  .1675,     He,  by  his  wife,  daughter  and  heir 

of Crofton,  esq.  left  two  sons  and  a  daughter.     See  what  is 

said  of  him  and  his  family  in  the  Epitome  of  the  '*  History  of  the 
House  of  Yvery,"  prefixed  to  that  work,  and  vol.  ii.  p.  3?4,  of  the 
**  History." 


•  tt 


History  of  the  House  of  Yrery,"  vol.  iup.  389,  &c. 


OF  ENGLAND.  305 

ROBERT  PERGEVAL,  esq.  second  son  of  the 
tiglit  Honourable  Sir  John  Perceval,  bart.  (7th  of  that 
lame) ;  bom  the  8th  of  February,  1657  ;  died,  without 
Msa^y  the  5th  of  June,  1677.    Faberf.  1744  ;  ^vo. 

Robert  Perceval  was,  in  early  life,  a  youth  of  uncommon  expec- 
Sfttion,  as,  during  his  application  to  literary  pursuits,  he  made  a  very 
SODBidMible  progress.  He  was  some  time  of  Christ's  College,  in 
Ctnbridge,  and  afterward  entered  at  Lincoln's  Inn ;  but  being  of  a 
lq|h  spirit,  and  having  a  strong  propensity  to  pleasure,  he  neglected 
■8  studies,  and  abandoned  himself  to  his  passions.  He  is  said  to 
kve  been  engaged  in  no  less  than  nineteen  duels  before  he  was 
twenty  years  of  age.  He  was  found  in  the  Strand  apparently  mur- 
wtdby  assassins,  who  could  never  be  discovered  after  the  strictest 
iMpiry ;  but  Fielding,  the  noted  beau,  with  whom  he  was  known 
iohave  had  a  quarrel,  did  not  escape  suspicion.  A  little  before 
liiiB  tragical  event,  he,  if  himself  might  be  credited,  saw  his  own 
^lectre  bloody  and  ghastly,  and  was  so  shocked  with  the  sight, 
Iht  he  presently  swooned.  Upon  his  recovery,  he  went  immedi- 
itdy  to  Sir  Robert  Southwell,  his  uncle,  to  whom  he  related  the 
particulars  of  this  ghostly  appearance,  which  were  recorded,  word 
fcr  word,  by  the  late  Lord  Egmont,  as  he  received  them  from  the 
nooth  of  Sir  Robert,  who  communicated  them  to  him  a  little  before 
^s  death.  Lord  Egmont  also  mentions  a  dream  of  one  Mrs.  Brovm, 
f  Bristol,  relative  to  the  murder,  which  dream  is  said  to  have  been 
Xactly  verified.* 


SIR  THOMAS  CULLUM,  bart.  P.  Lely  pinx. 
K  Basire  sc.  In  the  Rev.  Sir  John  Cullunis  "  His- 
ory  and  Antiquities  of  Hawsted  and  Hardwick,  in  the 
'bounty  of  Suffolk  r  4to. 

Mr.  Cullum  was  one  of  the  sheriffs  of  London  in  1646;  and,  in 
^gQSt,  1647,  was,  ;^th  the  lord  mayor  and  several  o^ers,  com* 
kiitted  to  the  Tower  fbr  high-treason ;  that  is,  for  having  been  con- 
^rned  in  some  commotions  in  the  city,  in  favour  of  the  king.  He 
p^as  never  mayor ;  the  ruling  powers  not  thinking  proper  he  should 


«  «< 


fiiitory  of  the  House  of  Yverj"  vol.  ii.  p.  368,  &c. 


206  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

be  trusted  with  that  office.  In  1656,  be  puicliasefd  Hat  ma 
Hawsted,  in  Suffolk,  to  which  he  retired  from  the  hurry  of  bi 
and  public  life,  being  then  near  70  years  old.  Immediatel] 
his  purchase,  he  settled  his  estate  on  his  surviving  sonsThom 
John,  reserving  to  himself  only  a  life  interest  in  it.  Very  too 
the  restoration  he  was  created  a  baronet,  his  patent  beann 
18  June,  1660.  This  mark  of  royal  favour,  and  his  hayin 
committed  to  the  Tower  for  favouring  the  king's  party  Jji 
might,  one  would  have  thought,  have  secured  him  from  ev^ 
hension  of  danger ;  but  whether  it  were  that  he  had  tempoi 
little  during  some  period  of  the  usurpation,  or  that  money  wa 
squeezed  from  the  opulent  by  every  possible  contrivance,  h( 
pardon  under  the  great  seal,  dated  17  July,  1661,  for  all  ti 
and  rebellions,  with  all  their  concomitant  enormities,  commit 
him  before  the  29th  of  the  preceding  December.  Some  crim* 
excepted  from  the  general  pardon,  as  burglaries,  peijuries, 
ries,  and  several  others ;  amongst  which  was  witchcraft.*  £ 
April  6,  1664,  and  was  buried  in  the  chancel  of  Hawsted  ( 
in  Suffolk.  A  street  in  London  still  bears  his  name,  and  wl 
bad  considerable  property,  of  which  he  just  escaped  seeing^ 
struction  by  the  fatal  fire  in  1666. 

He  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son,  Thomas  Cullum,w1io 
the  year  1657,  married  Dudley,  the  second  daughter  of  Sir 
North,  of  Mildenhall,  in  the  county  of  Suffolk,  bart  In  1( 
and  Mr.  Rotherham  were  elected  members  of  parliament 
borough  of  Bury  St.  Edmond's,  by  a  majority  of  the  freemc 
the  aldermen  returned  Sir  Thomas  Hervey  and  Thomas  J 
esquire,  who  had  been  elected  by  a  majority  of  the  corpo 
and  the  former  petitioned  the  house  in  vain  against  the  retu 
in  1713,  Jermyn  Davers  and  Gilbert  Affleck,  esquires, 
similar  circumstances,  against  the  Honourable  Carr  Hen 
Aubrey  Porter. 

THOMAS  FOLEY,  esq.  of  Witley-court,  fo 
of  Stourbridge  Hospital,  died  Oct.  1,  1677,  ag< 
Gulielmus  Trabule  fecit.  In  Nash's  "  History  of 
cestershire. 

^  Xear  three  years  after  this,  viz.  March,  1664,  at  the  assizes  held  at  £ 
fore  Sir  Matthew  Hale,  tw^  witches  were  tried,  condemned,  and  executed. 


OF  ENCKLAND^^  207 

;  only  account  we  liave  of  this  gentleman  is  to  be  found  in 
fs  **  History  of  his  Life  and  Times ;"  where  he  informs  us, 
ii.  p.  73.)  *'  Mr.  Foley,  who  purchased  the  advowson  of  Kid- 
tster,  was  a  truly  honest  and  religious  man,  who  would  make 
Bt  choice  of  a  minister  he  could.  On  this  occasion  I  will 
n  (8£iys  be)  the  great  mercy  of  God  to  the  town  of  Kidder- 
r  and  country,  in  raising  one  man,  Mr.  Thomas  Foley,  who 
Imost  nothing  did  get  5000/.  per  annum,  or  more,  by  iron 

and  that  with  so  just  and  blameless  dealing,  that  all  men 
er  be  bad  to  do  with,  that  ever  I  heard  of,  magnified  his 
ntegrity  and  honesty,  which  was  questioned  by  none :  and 
I  religious  faithful  man,  he  purchased,  among  other  lands,  the 
ige  of  several  great  places,  and  among  the  rest,  of  Stour- 
and  Kidderminster,  and  so  chose  the  best  conformable  mi- 

that  could  be  got ;  and  not  only  so,  but  placed  his  eldest 
abitation  in  Kidderminster,  which  became  a  great  protection 
easing  to  the  town ;  having  placed  two  families  more  else- 
of  his  two  other  sons,  all  three  religious  worthy  men,  and  in 
alness  to  God  for  his  mercies  to  him,  built  a  well-founded 
il  near  Stourbridge,  to  teach  poor  children  to  read  and  write, 
en  set  them  apprentices,  and  endowed  it  with  about  500/. 
.  About  this  time  the  said  Mr.  Foley  was  high- sheriff  of 
ster,  and  desired  Baxter  to  preach  his  sermon. 


R  JOHN  FLOCK;  an  etching.   CTowneleyfe- 

John  Flock,  a  gentleman  of  good  family,  was  one  of  th6 
ants  on  King  Charles  the  Second  during  his  exile  in  France, 
my,  and  Holland ;  and  on  the  restoration,  as  a  reward  for  his 
5S,  had  the  honour  of  knighthood  conferred  upon  him,  with  the 
ve  appointment  of  keeper  of  the  Arcatory  to  that  monarch. 
Im  Flock  was  the  first  governor  of  Duck  Island,  in  St.  James's 
and  held  the  office  until  it  was  conferred  upon  Monseur  de 
remond. 


110  BIOGEAPHICAL   HISTORY 


!»  Wntfber.  vk  fmm  aoii  <kf|Hi  iMtm.  Tlie  latter  was  pobUihed 
vitii;ifMtiM».bTXr.mkiak]Mfairi,1721.  His  defence  of  tk  j 
*^  Gftna  Awl^  J*"  ifust  Dr.  Walker,  "whiA  was  written  in  I«  j 
T4dk  v«ar.  iuaa  n>c  odSr  Anr  te  wanadk  of  bis  loyalty,  bit  dii-  ^ 
€«««»  a  ficsk  of  tbf  yimiiilfcMM  of  oU  a|^.  He  was  nnidi  re- 1] 
«f«d^  by  ail  cifeaS  faarr  Uia.  Ml  o^y  fe  bia  abililiesj  1^^ 
hm  ^wtf  ^umumcy  aai  cfcariay^    Ok  Aag.  17CUL  t  |^ 

GllIELMl^  RAM^EY^  M.  D.  et  medknisR 

giiKs  v?cdaBaric»  C^scvb  II.    JBt^  42 ;  Svo.    Then  u  a. 
^MMct^mstf  ^rtnek  fff^'kim  m  m  dbcter  of  physic's  gom^ 

smdt  %Wk 


IV.  WQt&ias  lUoMWPr  jyfsat!*  aa  Ma  to  be  die  peraon 
L(Ntt<iL*  vW  NradUkohi  banadlf  ia  astiologj;  and  whei 
iaiAKaiw«c«  p«fe;tN  twaisi  i J  aad  tImaAiil,  advanced  ihe 
ttmt  ^  ^tusk  «n.  ^IW  waa  Mdbar  oT  die  Iblknring  books: 4 
"^  CTuetirtiatt  J«&asL  AsQ^Ai^  liaiifali  K  and  neasooology  omh  * 
•iiad:  «a  Aa«««r  a^  S^sc  niaan..  Dl  D.  witib  a  Diaeouae  on  the 
Sw\  fic))ifaiK  t!^  Xar.  t(&^"*  l-dML  Ile»  aa  die  tide-page,  styles 
bMasartf  WitDnniL  lUnMKy.  c«bc  a»  be  does  in  diaft  of  die  next 
Kv^:  ^  Aql  laLQX>ftticQi^ii  ai  dbi  J^ftcaaeat  of  d«  Stars,*  1653; 
fi?t.  ^"^  Xmh!!;^  \icx;:««.  Vxcttim^  Sjiinifuaai^  and  Antidotes  of 
K^ask'tts^'^  1^<^\  by  WHSttor  Kwiufwy,  M.Dl  Svo.  ««  EX^io6byia, 
<r  Fb^^icjk  Ot^t«trrtfitflu  l^»»:«ranllj^  Wtacsas^**  9vol  1668.  He  a 
a^atn  scyi^i  M.IX  a  :3i(  cidia  a?  cb»  met.  It  sbonid  bere  be 
absnTK^i.  ^bai  W  «a««iatii  an  ndtnaneni  aa  deanae  Ae  ilnssarfc, 
apsn  wbkb  be  vrv^  a  jMoifUiet*  idnnrf  ia  saaaD  9vo.  1672.  It 
a|!fpear(  fKwa  dbe  ^^  Ottneaer  ef  Xob&r.*  «bat  ha  w»  of  tke 
DalbesffT  tBaaaN-. 


GllL.  SERMOX.  iiNlkiK  doctor.  &c   Skawm 
mi  vmot  dei.  ^  a:.  jUmer  LiAi  menet:.  fitrge  4te. 

GciL.  Sekxox.  nedkiB*  doctor  ct  Rgis  aidiaarii,t 
iB.42. 


or 


OF    ENGLAND.  211 

**  Let  zoiftisU  carp  at  what  u  past  and  done, 
Brare  Sermon's  acU  shall  live  in  face  o*  th'  sun : 
Great  Monck,  restorer  of  his  country's  peace, 
Declares  from  him  his  dropsy  soon  did  cease." 

W.  Sherwin  ad  vivum  del.  et  sc.  1671. 

William  Sermon,  a  physiqian  of  Bristol,  was  possessed  of  a  pal- 

htiTe  remedy,  for  the  dropsy,  by  which  the  Duke  of  Albemarle  was 

greatly  relieved:  but  he  not  long  after  relapsed  into  this  distemper, 

vhich  at  length  proved  fatal  to  him.*    Dr.  Sermon,  who  was  na- 

Ibraiiy  vain,  grew  vainer  than  ever  upon  his  success,  and  seemed 

If  Aikik  nothing  beyond  the  reach  of  his  skill ;  as  if  the  man  that 

Stared  the  Great  Monck  of  the  drdpsy,  could  do  every  thing  in  the 

fow^  of  physic.     Re  4rab  author  of  *'  The  Ladies'  Companion,  6t 

ii^idk  Midwife,'' &c.  1671 ;  8vo.  a^d  of  *'  A  Friend  to  the  Sick,  or 

flwtoifeest  Englishman's  Preeervktion,"  Ac.  1673,  8vo.  to  which  is 

fnfited  his  portrait^  in  a  doctor^s  govrh ;  Imt  there  is  great  doubt 

^hiM  having  been  a  graduate  in  his  profession.    See  Wood^^ 

«*  Rati,''  iL  coL  201. 


T  JOHANNES  ARCHER,  medicus  in  ordinario  regi} 

.'  Doctor  John  Archer  wiE»  author  of ''  Every  Man  his  own  Physf* 
dan,''  &c.  printed  for  himself,  in  1673,  6vo.  To  this  are  sub- 
joined a  Treatise  on  Melancholy,  and  a  compendious  Herbal.  He 
•eems  to  have  been  of  such  an  Epicurean  taste  as  was  perfectly 
adapted  to  the  court  and  character  of  Charles  the  Second ;  having 
h  ^  first  of  these  works  placed  the  sixth  sense  at  the  head  of  the 
sifaer  Bv^f  as  holding  them  all  in  subordination.  He,  at  the  end  of 
Vm  hockf  mentiona  these  three  inventions  as  the  issue  of  his  own 
fcsiii :  the  first  was  certainly  in  use  among  the  Romans,  namely^ 
i.hot  batby  by  steam,  for  the  cure  of  various  disorders.  This  will 
Mturally  remind  the  reader  of  the  fkmigations  of  Dominiceti.  2.  An 
•ren,  which  doth,  with  a  small  fiftgot,  bake,  distil,  boil  a  pot,  or 
itew;  with  all  the  same  charge  of  fire,  time,  and  labour.  This 
tven  was  moveable :  something  like  it  has  been  lately  advertised. 

ft 

*  See  Garopbell's  '*  Livea  of  the  Admirals/'  iS.  p.  570. 


OF' ENGLAND.  213 

4 

broken  sc.  1746.    In  the  possession  of  John  Sydenham^ 
esq.    Illust.  Head. 

Thomas  Sydenham.  M.  Beak  p.  A.  Blooteling  sc. 
Svo. 

Thomajs  Sydenham,  Twe^^,  M.Beale.  Mc.Ardell;, 
half-sheet;  anonynums. 

Dr.  Thomas  Sydenham,  who  was  long  at  the  bead  of  his  pro- 
fession,  was  a  physician  of  great  penetration .  and  experience^  and 
went  far  beyond  all  his  contemporaries  in  improving  the  art  of 
physic.  He  took  late  to  study,  but  his  quick  parts  and  great 
natural  sagacity  enabled  him  to  make  a  prodigious  progress  in  a 
little  time.  He  dared  to  innovate,  where  nature  and  reason  led  the 
way;  and  was  the  first  that  ii^troduced  the  cool  regimen  in  the 
-  small-pox.  Hence  he  gave  an  effectual  check  to  a  distemper  that 
has  been  more  pernicious  to  mankind,  than  the  plague  itself;  and 
which  had  been  inflamed. and  rendered  still  more  pernicious,  by 
injudicious  physicians.  He  carefully  studied,  and  wrote  observa- 
tions upon  every  epidemical  distemper  that  prevailed  during  the 
course  of  his  practice.  He  had  many  opponents  :  but  his  constant 
success  was  a  sufficient  answer  to  all  the  cavils  of  his  antagonists. 
He  freely  communicated  to  the  world  his  judicious  remarks  on  a 
great  variety  of  acute  and  chronical  distempers ;  and  particularly 
on  those  that  sweep  away  the  greatest  number  of  the  human 
species.  What  he  has  written  on  the  nervous  and  hysteric  colic, 
fevers,  riding  in  consumptive  cases,  and  the  use  of  milk  and  chaly- 
beates,  deserves  to  be  mentioned  to  his  honour.  He  was  the  first 
that  used  laudanum  with  success,  and  that  gave  the  bark  after  the 
paroxyi^  in  agues.  After  his  death,  was  published  his  <*  Method 
of  curing  almost  all  Diseases,"*  I  have  been  informed,  that  his 
works  were  more  esteemed  by  foreign  physicians  than  by  the  gene- 
rality of  the  faculty  in  his  own  country.t  There  is  a  catalogue  of 
them  in  the  "  Biographia  Britannica."     Ob.  29  Dec.  1689. 

THOMAS  WILLIS,  M.D.    G.  Vertue  sc.    lilust. 
Head. 

*  This  book  was  vfritten  in  Zjatin. 

t  They  were  much  read  and  commeaded  by  Dr.  Boeihaave. 


214  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 


Thomas  Willis,  M.  D.  R.  White  sc.  8vo.  Be- 
fore the  ^^  London  Practice  of  Physic;''  1685. 

ft 
Thomas  Willis.    F.  Diodati  ad  vivum;  4to. 

Thomas  Willis.    J.  Drapentier;  Ato. 

Dr.  Thomas  Willis  was  a  very  eminent  anatomisty  philosopiieri 
and  physician,  and  one  of  the  most  elegant  writers  of  his  age,  in 
the  Latin  tongue.  His  works  were  much  celebrated  at  home  and 
abroad,  and  his  practice  was  proportionable  to  his  fame.  He  was 
regular  in  his  devotions,  his  studies,  and  visiting  his  patients ;  and 
his  custom  was  to  dedicate  his  Sunday  fees  to  the  relief  of  tbe 
poor.  He  had  a  deep  insight  into  every  branch  of  science  to 
which  he  applied  himself,  especially  anatomy,  in  which  he  made 
some  discoveries ;  particularly,  the  sinuses  of  the  veins^  and  their 
use.*  His  *'  Cerebri  Anatome"t  gained  him  a  great  reputation, 
as  did  also  his  book  '*  De  Anima  Brutorum,"  his  **  Pharmaceutioe 
Rationalis,"  &c.  The  first  of  these  books  had  an  elegant  copy  of 
verses  written  on  it  by  Mr.  Philip  Fell,t  and  the  drawings  for  tlie 
plates  were  done  by  his  friend  Dr.  Christopher  Wren,  the  cele- 
brated architect.  He  was  the  first  discoverer  of  the  medicinal 
spring  at  Astrop,  near  Brackley,  in  Northamptonshire,  which  wai 


•  GlanvUrs  "  Plus  Ultra,"  p.  14. 

t  He  is,  on  accoant  of  this  work,  reckoned  among  the  improvert  of  seience,  bj 
Mr.  Wottou,  in  his  "  Reflections  on  ancient  and  modem  Learning,"  c.  17.  p.  196, 
197.  edit  1694. 

t  **  Masa  AnglicanaB,"  vol  1.  Tliere  is  also  another  copy  of  verses  bj  the  same 
hand  on  his  ''  Diatribe,"  &c. 


This  print  and  the  next  were  done  from  the  original  pictue  cf 
him  at  Whaddon-hall,  which  belonged  to  his  grandson,  the  lali 
Browne  Willis,  esq.  and  was  left  by  his  wiU  to  the  Bodldaa 
Library. 

Thomas  Willis,  M.  D,  without  his  name;  in- 
scribedy  "  JEtatis  sua  45,  D.  Loggan  delin.  et  sc.^  Be- 
fore his  "  Pharmaceutice  Rationalis ;"  foL  || 


I 


I 


'OF   ENGLAND.  215 

Doe  in  high  repute.*  Mr.  Addison  informs  ui,  in  his  ^^Travels,'' 
wtAe  physician  retained  by  the  Uttle  republic  of  St.  Marino, 
tenhe  was  m  Italyi  was  well  read  in  the  works  of  our  country- 
mxUBXvej,  Willis,  and  Sydenham.    Ob.  11  Nov.  1675. 

SIR  THOMAS  BROWNE,  of  Norwich,  M,  D. 
B.  White  sc.    Before  his  "  WbrA^,"  1686 ;  foL 

Thomas  Browne,  eques  aur.  et  med.  doctor. 
an  Hove  sc.  4to. 

Sib  Thomas  Browne,  M.D.  P.  Vandrebanc  f. 
x>. 

Sib  Thomas  Browne,  M.D.  T.  Trotter  sculp. 
%  Malcolnis  ^^ Lives  of  Topographers;''  Ato. 

!nii»  learned  and  ingenious  physician  was  knighted  by  Charles 
I  at  Norwich,  in  Sept  1671.    See  an  account  of  him  in  the  reign 
Cbaju.es  I. 

GEORGIUS  ENT,  eques  auratus,  M.  D.  et  Coll. 
L^d.  Loud,  socius ;  9tVo.  His  head  is  before  his  '^  Ani^ 
ddverskmes  in  M.  Thrustoni^  M.  D.  Diatribam  de 
ewirationis  Usu  primarioy'  Lond.  1679 ;  8w. 

Sib  George  Ent,  M.  D.     R.  White;  8vo. 

Dr*,  George  Ent,  president  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  and 
ilow  of  the  Royal  Society  in  this  reign,  distinguished  himself  in 
at  of  Charles  I.  b;^  writing  an  apology  in  Latin  for  Dr.  Harvey's 
tctirme  of  the  circulation  of  the  blood,  in  opposition  to  ^milius 

*  Willb  and  Lower  fint  recommended  the  waters  of  Astrop^  which  were  afterward 
Griedby  Radcliffe.  The reaion  which  I  have  heard  assigned  for  his  decrying  them, 
i8>  because  the  people  of  the  village  Insisted  opon  his  keeping  a  bastard  child, 
licfa  was  laid  to  him  bj  an  infamous  woman  of  that  place.  Upon  this  the  doctor 
dared  "  that  he  would  put  a  toad  into  their  well,"  and  accordingly  cried  down 
&  waters,  which  soon  lost  their  reputation. 


216  BIOGRAPHfCAL   HISTORY 

PariMuui.*    In  the  «une  book  ain  bosk  judicious  observatioas  oi 
the  operation  of  purging  medidnee.    He  was  auil 
other  pieces,  torae  of  which  are  in  the  "  Philosophical  Tru 
don8."t    QIanTill,  ipeakJug  in  his  "  Pliu  Ultra"  of  the  p 
iroproTements  in  anatomy,  numben  Sii  George  Ent,  Dr.  Gfiiu(i,l 
and  Dr.  Willie,  with  the  most  celebrated  discoverers  in  ti^M 
■cienee.t    Hie  two  fonner  were  among  the  first  memb^va 
Royal  Society. 

FRANCISCUS    GUSSONUS,    M.   D.    M 
W.  Dolle  sc.  Ato. 

Feanciscus  GtissoNtfs,   M.  D.   Mt.   80. 
Ihome  sc. 

There  is  a  small  anonymous  copy  of  this  print. 

Dr.  Francis  Glissoo,  kmg's  professor  of  physic,  at  Caml 
waa  uoiversally  esteemed  one  of  the  beat'  physicians  of  hie 
He  was  an  excellent  anatomist,  and  acquired  a  great  repul 
his  writings  on  anatomical,  and  other  subjects.    He  diacovei 
captiilaconmwtUi&itd  the  vagina  porta;  and  he, and  Dr.  Wharton,! 
covered  the  internal  ductus  sativarii,  in  the  maxillary  glandiiie.4  ' 
account  of  sanguification  was  esteemed  very  rational,  and 
much  approved  of,  as  was  also  his  "  Anatomia  Hepatji." 
"  TractatuB  de  Natura  Substantite  eoergetica,"  &c.    Lond.  1672; 
4to.  and  his  "  Tractatus  de  Ventriculo  et  Intestinis,"  &c.  AmsWL 
1677;  4to.  are  among  his  principal  worts  :  his  portrait  is  prefisai 
to  both.    I  was  told  by  a  gentleman  in  Dorsetshire,  who  was  oeailj 


•  Mr.  Aihb;,  pniideut  of  SL  Joh&'i  College,  in  Cambridge,  hu  >  cm  * 
"  Kanigli  Bibliolbeu,"  iaberleaTed  and  GUed  with  MS.  notes  by  A.  Seller.  JU  ^ 
word  "  Ehi,"  ii  thii  panage:  "  In  baave  libtie  De  GeDeratione  AnimaliHi 
hoc  inveni  aciipts  :  "Guallherl  Charlloui  liber,  ei  munere  nobiliuimidocUsriiiiiil''. 
*iri  Domini  Georgii  Enl,  Equitis  aurtui,  jui  turn  Lallng  dacripiU."  Tha  bftj 
WM  given  by  iiill  of  Sit  George  Ent.  mads  when  he  wai  dying,  lo  Dt,  Wil"" 
CiwritDn.  The  ingeuioui  Dr.  Baker,  author  of  the  Ofe  of  Harvey,  pfelii  " '  '" 
work)  in  4to.  observea,  that  the  Lalinity  of  this  book  is  iup«rior  to  that  of . 
writing).    Thii  anecdote  aaiigns  the  reason  of  it. 

t  See  No.  173.  and  No.  194,  An.  1691, 

t"PlinUllni,"p.  13. 

i"  Plui  Uitn,"  )i.  14. 


OF    ENGLAND.  217 

allied  to  his  familyj  tliat  he  visited  a  considerable  number  of 
patients  in  the  time  of  the  plague,  and  preserved  himself  from  the 
infectioxi,  by  thrusting  bits  of  sponge,  dipped  in  vinegar,  up  his 
nostrils.  This  excellent  physician,  and  worthy  man,  whose  works 
were  well  known  abroad,  as  well  as  at  home,  died  in  a  very  ad^* 
vanced  age,  the  14th  of  October,  1677.  ^ee  more  of  him  in  Bh'ch's 
"  History  of  the  Royal  Society,"  vol.  iii.  p.  356. 


Dr.  LOWER;  oval;  before  his  ^^  Receipts T  I2m0i 

I  strongly  suspect  this  portrait  not  to  be  genuine. 

Richard  Lower  was  educated  at  Christ  Church,  in  Oxford,  under 
Dr.  Thomas  Willis,  of  whom  he  learned  to  be  an  excellent  ana- 
tomist; and  that  great  physician  is  said  to  have  learnt  several 
^gs  from  him.  Upon  the  death  of  Dr.  Willis,  he  succeeded  to  a 
great  part  of  his  practice,  and  was  in  as  high  repute  as  any  phy- 
sician in  London.  He  was  the  first  discoverer  of  Astrop  Wells,* 
which  was  formerly  much  frequented.  He  was  author  of  several 
medical  pieces,  of  which  Mr.  Wood  has  given  us  a  catalogue. 
But  his  capital  work  is  his  book  '*  De  Corde,''  which  has  been  often 
printed.  In  this  book,  he  lays  claims  to  the  invention  of  trans- 
fusing the  blood,  to  which  Francis  Potter,  a  native  of  Mere,  in 
Wiltshire,  had  certainly  a  prior  right.f  Dr.  Lower's  name  has 
been  impudently  affixed  to  several  vile  nostrums  sold  in  the  shops. 


GUALTERUS  CHARLETONUS,  M.  D.  et  Coll. 
Med.  Lond.  socius,  1678,  J^t.  66.  D.  Loggan  ad 
vivum  del.  et  sc.  1679;  Ato. 


♦  Wood,  ii.  col.  857. 

t  See  his  article  in  Wood. — The  transfusion  of  the  blood  from  one  human  body  to 
aoother,  from  which  the  physicians  of  this  time  had  great  expectations,  may  be 
ranked  with  Taliacotius*8  famous  chimera  of  supplying  defective  parts,  by  grafting 
others  in  their  places.  To  transfuse  the  fluids  of  the  body,  can  do  us  but  little  ser- 
Yice,  except  a  method  be  discovered  of  renewing  the  solids. 

Vas  nbi  sincerum  est,  quodcunque  infundis  acescit. 

In  Dr.  James  Mackenzie's  "  History  of  Health,  and  the  Art  of  preserving  it ;"  the 
3d  edit.  Edinburgh,  1760 ;  8vo.  p.  459,  is  an  account  of  the  "  Rise  and  Fall  of 
the  Transfusion  of  Blood  from  one  Animal  into  another." 
VOL.  V.  2  F 


2X8  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Walter  Charleton  ;  in  the  ^'Oxford Aknamcky' 
1749. 

Dr.  Walter  Charleton  was  a  man  of  great  natural  endowments, 
and  one  of  the  most  universal  scholars  of  his  time.  In  &e  early 
part  of  his  life,  he  closely  studied  the  Greek  and  Roman  authors; 
and  afterward  applied  himself  to  the  study  of  natural  and  mond 
philosophy,  history,  and  antiquities ;  besides  the  several  branches 
of  literature  that  were  essential  to  his  profession.  'He  has  leftns 
ample  testimony  of  his  diligence  and  capacity  in  his  various 
writings,  which  were  generally  well  received  in  the  reign. of  Charles 
II.  But  of  late  years,  such  is  the  fate  of  good,  as  well  as  bad 
authors,  they  have  been  generally  neglected.  It  appears  that  he 
was  well  acquainted  with  the  history  of  physic,  by  his  frequent 
comparison  of  the  opinions  of  the  ancient  with  those  of  the  modem 
physicians.  Of  all  his  writings,  hone  made  a  greater  noise  in  the 
world  than  his  "  Treatise  of  Stonehenge ;"  in  which  he  has  endea^ 
youred  to  prove,  in  opposition  to  the  opinion  of  Inigo  Jones,  diat 
it  is  a  Danish  monument.  Sir  William  Dugdale,  and  other  enunent 
antiquaries,  agreed  with  him  in  thid  conjecture.  Though  he  was 
physician  in  ordinary  to  Charles  I.  and  was  continued  in  that 
station  by  his  son,  it  does  not  appear  that  he  was  retained  by  him 
after  the  restoration.  He  was  in  the  reigti  of  William  III.  elected 
president  of  the  College  of  Physicians.  The  author  of  his  life  in 
the  "  Biographia  Britannica,"  has  given  him  a  more  advantageous 
character  than  Mr.  Wood.  The  reader  may  see  some  account  of 
him  in  Hearne's  preface  to  "  Peter  Langtoft,"  Sect.  XX.    Ob»  1707, 


SIR  WILLIAM  PETTY ;  Edwin  Sandys  sc.  large 
4to. 

Sir  William  Petty  ;  stipled ;  4to. 

Sir  William  Petty,  who  was  some  time  professor  of  anatomy  in 
Oxford,  was  fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians  in  the  reign  rf 
Charles  II.  He  gave  early  proofs  of  that  comprehensive  and  in- 
quisitive genius  for  which  he  was  afterward  so  eminent ;  and  which 
seems  to  have  been  designed  by  nature  for  every  branch  of  science 
to  which  he  applied  himself.    At  the  age  of  fifteen,  he  was  master 


<IF  ENGLAND.  .219 

of  such  a.  compass  of  knowledge  in  the  languages,  arithmetic^  geo- 
■Ktrj,;a8tron(Hnyy  navigation,  practical  mathematics,  and  mecha- 
nical trades,  as  few  are  capable  of  attaining  in  the  longest  life.  He 
made  his  way  in  the  world  under  great  disadvantages  in  point  of 
ciicumstancies,  ha^ng  acquired  a  veiy  moderate  fortune  with  as 
nnch  difficuityy  as  he  afterward  rose  with  ease  to  wealth  and 
iMfii&ace,*  He  was  an  excellent  chymist  and  anatomist,  and  a 
perfect  master  of  every  other  kind  of  knowledge  that  was  requisite 
to  .the  profession  of  physic.  He  was  a  very  able  mathematician, 
had  a  ine  hand  at  drawing,  was  8kilf^l  in  the  practical  parts  of 
mechanics,  and  a  most  exact  surveyor.  But  what  he  particularly 
qipUed  himself  to,  and  understood  beyond  any  man  of  his  age,  was 
the  knowledge  of  the  common  arts  of  life,  and  political  arithmetic. 
His  admirable  essays  in  this  art,  have  even  raised  his  reputation  to 
a  l^gber  pitch  than  it  rose  to  in  his  lifetime ;  as  experience  has 
folly  proved  the  justness  of  his  calculations.f  This  great  man* 
iriio  knew  better  than  any  of  bis  contemporaries  how  to  enrich  the 
nation -anjd  himself,  died  the  16th  of  Dec.  1687,];  in  the  65th  year 
of  his  age.    See  the  r^ign  of  James  IL 

ROBERTUS  MORISON,  natus  Aberdeniae,  1620, 
ob.  Londini,  1683.  Sunman  p.  R.  White  sc.  in  an  oval 
qf flowers  ;  h.sh. 

Robert  Morison,  a  native  of  Aberdeen,  studied  physic  in  France, 
where  he  particularly  applied  himself  to  botany.  He,  in  a  short 
time,  became  so  great  a  proficient,  that  he  was  appointed  superin- 
tendant  of  the  royal  garden  at  Blois.     In  1660,  he  came  into  Eng- 

*  He  told  Mr.  Aubrey,  Aat  he  was  driven  to  great  straits  for  money,  when  he 
was  in  Fnmce  ;  and  tiiat  he  had  lived  a  week  upon  two  or  three  penajwortfa  oC  wal- 
nuts. But  h«,  at  length,  made  his  way  through  all  difficulties  ;^4Uid,  as  he  expressed 
it  to  that  gentleman,  "  hewed  out  his  fortune  himself."  MS.  by  Mr.  Aubrey,  in 
Mus.  AshmoL 

t  Captun  JofaaOrauAt,  aad  Dr..  Charles  Darenant,  resdeved  themselves  famous 
for  political  calculatioB,  and  have  puWished  several  excdilent  books  of  that  kind. 
The  former  gained  great  reputation  by  his  "  Natural  and  Political  Observations  upon 
Ike  BlU  of  Mortality,"  first  published  'm  1661,  4to.  This  work  has  been  attributed 
to  Us  intimate  friend  Sir  William  Petty,  and  the  name  of  Graunt  has  been  by  many 
upposed  to  be  fictitious :  but  see  the  life  of  this  ingenious  person  in  the  "  Biogra- 
phia  Britanmca.** 

t  See  his  very  curious  will  in  Lodge's  "  Irish  Peerage,"  vol.  ii.  p.  80. 


220  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

land,  and  was  made  botanical  professor  to  Charles  II.  and  overseer 
of  his  gardens.  He  was  afterward  chosen  professor  of  botany  at 
Oxford,  where  he  read  several  courses  of  lectures  in  that  science, 
in  the  middle  of  the  physic  garden.*  His  "  Preeludia  Botanica," 
in  two  volumes  8vo.  his  ''  Plantarum  Umbelliferarum  Distributio,*^. 
in  folio,  and  his  *^  Historia  Plantarum,"  which  is  also  in  folio,  have ;  ^ 
done  him  much  honour.  He  finished  only  the  second  part  of  his 
''  History  of  Plants  f'  the  third  part,  which  he  had  begun,  was 
continued  by  Jacob  Bobart,  keeper  of  the  physic  garden  at  Ox- 
ford, who  also  added  a  third  volume.  It  is  not  known  what  be* 
came  of  the  first.     06.1683. 

LEONARD  PLUKENET,  M.  D.   Collins  sc.  168h 

Leonard  Plukenet  was  one  of  the  most  excellent  and  laborious 
botanists  of  this,  or  any  other  age.  He  was  author  of  the  "  Phyto- 
graphiee  Plucenetianee,"  ♦*  Almagestum  Botanicum,"  and  other  works 
of  the  like  kind ;  on  which  he  spent  the  greatest  part  of  his  life 
and  fortune.  His  "  Phytography"  is  mentioned  with  the  highest 
encomiums  in  the  *'  Philosophical  Transactions,"  for  February, 
1696-7.  The  encomiast  says,  that,  ♦*  without  flattery,  it  may  de- 
serve the  name  of  a  performance  to  the  improvement  of  so  great  a 
part  of  the  universal  history  of  nature,  as  hath  not  been  done  by 
the  whole  complex  of  precedent  ages."  His  "  Opera  Botanica,? 
with  cuts,  were  printed  at  London,  in  6  tomes,  folio,  1720, 

JOHANNES  M AYOW  ;  Faithorne  sc.  Before  hi^ 
"  Tractatus  quinque,'^  Sgc.  small  9>vo. 

John  Mayow.  Caldivall  sc.  In  Dr.  Thornton^ 
*'  Sexual  System'' 

This  ingenious  physician,  who  was  fellow  of  All  Souls  College, 

^  in  Oxford,  was  author  of  the  following  pieces,  which  have  been 

.  printed  together,  both  in  England  and  Holland;  viz.  "  Tractatus 

quinque  Medico-physici :  quorum  primus  agit  de  Sale  Nitro,  et 

Spiritu  Nitro  Aereo ;  Secundus  de  Respiratione :  Tertius  de  Re-: 

♦  The  practice  of  reading  botanic  lectures  has  been  long  laid  risidc  :  the  profecT 
tor's  salary  continues  as  it  was. 


OF   ENGLAND.  221 

piratione  Foetiis  in  Utero,  et  Ovo :  Quartus  de  Motu  Musculari, 
it  Spiritibus  Animalibus:  Ultimus  de  Rachitide." — Dr.  Plot,  in 
ikis  ^^  Natural  History  of  Oxfordshire,"  has  the  following  remark  on 
the  first  of  these  treatises :  ''  John  Mayow,  LL.  D.  of  All  Souls, 
stndeht  in  physic,  has  lately  taught,  that  air  is  impregnated  with  a 
tttro-aerial  spirit,  which  doctrine  he  confirmed  by  experiments.*' — 
The  last  of  the  treatises,*  concerning  the  rickets,  has  singular 
Herit,  and  was  allowed  to  be  the  best  extant  on  that  subject;  He 
teaided  at  fiath  during  the  summer  season,  where  his  practice  was 
tttended  with  great  success.t  Ob,  Sept.  1679.  The  reader  is  re^ 
erred  to  the  ''  Bodleian  Catalogue,"  for  a  further  account  of  his 
rorks. 

Effigies  NATHANAELIS  HIGHMORII,  in  Medi- 
ina  Doctoris,  JEt.  63, 1677.  A. Blootelingf.  small  h.  sh. 

Nathaniel  Highmore  ;  a  small  head  in  thefron- 
ispiece  to  his  **  Corporis  Humani  Disquisitio  Anato- 
mca^''  HagcBj  1651 ;  foL 

Nathaniel  Highmore,  a  native  of  Fordingbridge,  in  Hampshire, 
^as  educated  at  Trinity  College,  in  Oxford.  He  practised  physic 
^th  great  reputation,  at  Shirburn,  in  Dorsetshire,  where  no  man 
^as  more  esteemed  for  his  skill  in  his  profession,  or  better  beloved 
or  his  humanity  and  benevolence.!  He  was  the  first  that  wrote  a 
^systematical  treatise  upon  the  structure  of  the  human  body,  which 
ie  adapted  to  Dr.  Harvey's  doctrine  of  the  circulation  of  the  blood, 
Uid  dedicated  it  to  that  great  man.  He  discovered  the  duct  for' 
-lie  conveyance  of  the  seed  from  the  testes  to  the  parastatce,  whose 
utricate  folds  he  first  described,  as  he  also  did  the  fibres  and  ves- 
sels of  the  spleen,  which  had  long  been  mistaken  for  veins. §     The 

•  Sfee  more  of  this  book  in  "  Fhilos.  Transact.*'  No.  105,  p.  101,  &c.  See  also 
**  Chambers's  Diet.**  Artie.  Respibation. 

t  Bath  was  not  then  the  scene  of  pleasure  (hat  it  is  at  present.  Its  physicians  are 
^Ww  four  times  as  numerous  as  thej  were  in  Mayow's  time ;  and  yet  it 's  well  kpown 
^iiat  great  numbers  of  the  people  that  resort  thither,  destroy  their  constitutions  on 
^  spot,  much  faster  than  the  physicians  and  the  waters  can  repair  them. 

X  Mr.  Wood  informs  us,  that  he  nerer  took  a  fee  of  a  clergyman.    "  Atficn. 
^xon."  \u  779. 
$  Sce*«  Plot's  Oxfordshire,"  p.  301.  edit.  1. 


tf 


fi 


222  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

cavity  in  the  jaw,  called  antrom  HighmoTianmii, -after  his  name,  ii 
another  of  his  discoveries.  Trivial  as  this  may  appear^  the  ddUl 
anatomist  considers  it  as  investigating  the  secret -letxeat  of  mnm 
of  the  enemies  of  life,  and  pointing  out,  at  the  same  time,  whatii 
essential  to  the  human  frame.  He  died  the  21st  of  March,  1684,  n 
the  71st  year  of  his  age.  He  wrote  ^*  Corporis  Humaoi  INsqnifitio 
Anatomica.*'  Hagee  Com.  1651,  folio.  There  is  a  smaBbeadtf 
the  author  in  the  title.  He  also  vnrote  '<  The  History  of  Qe» 
ration/'  Lond.  1651,  8vo.  dedicated  to  the  Honourable  BiM 
Boyle:  To  this  is  added, ''  A  Discourse  of  the  Cure  of  Woundibf 
Sympathy."  "  De  Passione  hysterica  et  Affecticme  hypochondriaoii' 
1660,  8vo.  *'  De  hysterica  et  hypochondriaca  Passione,  Respomil 
epistolaris  ad  Doctorem  Willis,"  1670,  4to. 

EVERARDUS  MAYNWARING,  M.  D.  JSt.  3(^j 
1668  ;  R.  White  sc.  4to.  plain  band;  another  withit^ 
wrought  band;  the  same  plate  altered.  Before  his  hck 
on  the  scurvy. 

Everard  M aynwaring  was  descended  from  the  same  feonily 
Arthur  Maynwaring,  esq.  a  name  much  better  known  to  the  worii-^ 
This  family,  which  had  long  been  seated  in  Cheshire,  was  ancient^ ' 
one  of  the  most  honourable  in  the  kingdom.*  He  was  author  df 
the  following  books  :  "  The  ancient  and  modern  Practice  rf 
Physic;"  "  A  Treatise  on  the  Preservation  of  Health  and  loBf 
Life ;"  "  The  Complete  Physician ;"  <*  A  History  of  the  Venereal 
Lues ;"  "  The  Pharmacopsean  Physician's  Repository ;"  "  A  Trea- 
tise of  Consumptions,"  and  another  of  the  Scurvy.  After  the  rei- 
toration,  King  James's  "  Counterblast  to  Tobacco"  was  reprinted: 
to  which  is  subjoined,  **  A  learned  Discourse  written  by  Dr.  Everard 
Maynwaring,  proving  that  Tobacco  is  a  procuring  Cause  of  the 
Scurvy ;"  also  his  "  Serious  Cautions  against  excessive  Drinking, 
vnth  several  Examples  of  God's  severe  Judgments  upon  notorious 
Drunkards,  who  have  died  suddenly,"  &c. 

GIDEON   HARV^US,  utriusque  med.   et.  pE 

*  Mr.  Ashmole's  first  wife  was  of  this  family.  He  tells  os  in  his  **  Blarj,"  p<  ^ 
that  his  consin  Everard  Maynwaring  died  23d  of  February,  1657.  This  was  piobt' 
bly  the  doctor*s  father.  i 


OF    ENGLAND,  223 

doctor,  apud  Londinenses  practicus^  et  CoUeg.  Med. 
Hi^ens.  quondam  socius.  Haga  ComitiSy  1663; 
?•  Philippe  sc.  large  4to.  Before  his  "  New  principlei 
fif  Philosophy;'  1663. 

Gideon  Harvey,  med.  spag.  et.  dogm.  doctor; 
i.  Hertochsf.  Before  his  "  Great  Venus  unmasked^' 
1672;  \2mb. 

Gideon  Harvjeus.     Frosne  sc. 

Gideon  Harvey,  who  was  e8te<&med  but  little  better  than  a 
hypothetical  pretender  to  physic,  wrote  against  the  frauds  and  em- 
jiiricism  of  the  physicians  and  apothecaries,  as  well  as  those  of  the 
quacks  of  his  time.  He  made  it  his  business  to  cry  down  the 
fiicultyy  and  published  several  books  with  a  view  of  making  people 
their  own  doctors.  His  ''  Art  of  curing  Diseases  by  Expectation/' 
is  one  of  the  most  remarkable  of  his  works.  In  this  he  intimates, 
that  nature,  aided  by  expectation  only,  may  be  more  safely  relied 
on  than  the  prescriptions  of  the  generality  of  physicians ;  and  thftt 
thode  who  employ  them  are  frequently  amused  with  taking  such 
things  as  have  no  real  effect  in  working  their  cure.  He  was  very 
dogmatical ;  and  consequently,  as  far  as  he  was  so,  was  no  more 
to  be  trusted  than  the  worst  of  those  against  whom  he  exclaimed, 
there  can  be  but  little  difference  betwixt  a  dogmatist  in  physic,  and 
an  ignorant  pretender  to  it  In  1704  was  published  the  third 
edition  of  his  "  Family  Physician,"  &c.  To  this  book,  which  gave 
great  offence  to  the  apothecaries,  is  subjoined  a  large  catalogue  of 
drugs,  and  the  prices  at  which  they  should  be  sold  in  the  shops.* 
I  know  not  the  year  in  which  he  died ;  but  he  was  living,  and  phy* 
sidan  to  the  Tower,  in  the  late  king's  reign.f 


*  In  1703,  was  poblished  a  book  which  gave  greater  offence  to  the  apothecaries 
thin  any  of  Dr.  Harvey's.  It  is  entitled,  "  The  Crafts  and  Frauds  of  Physic  ex- 
posed, by  R*  Pitt,  M.  D.  Fellow  and  Censor  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  and 
F.  R.  S."  8?o. 

tTbele  was,  perhapa,  never  any  thing  more  remarkable  than  the  fortune  of 
^  man.  ilbout  the  latter  end  of  King  William's  reign,  there  was  a  great  debate 
*bo  shoold  succeed  the  deoeased  physician  to  the  Tower.  The  contending  parties 
«eie  so  equally  matched  in  their  interests  and  pretensions*  that  it  was  extremely 
difficult  to  determine  which  should  have  the  preference,    The  matter  was  at  length 


224  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

GEORGIUS   THOMPSONUS,  M.  D.    .©.50. 

W.  Sherwin  ad  vivumf.     Before  his  "  Altmtias,"  ^"c. 
1670;  8«o. 

George  Thompson  was  author  of  The  Pest  anatomized,'*  written 
when  the  plague  was  in  London.*    He  was  also  author  of  **  Ep- 
logismi  Chymici/'  &c.  and  of  several  pieces  in  vindication  of  the 
chymical  practice  of  physic,  against  the  Galenisls.    One  of  these 
was  entitled,  "  Galeno-pale,  or  a  chymical  Trial  of  the  Galeinstsf 
to  which  one  William  JohnSon  wrote  an  answer,  which  produced  a 
reply,  namely,  *^  A  Gag  for  Johnson's  Animadversions  upon  Galeno- 
pale,  or  a  Scourge  for  Galen."    He  also  wrote  in  vindication  of 
Lord  Bacon's  philosophy,  against  the  very  learned,  and  no  less 
dogmatical  Henry  Stubbe.    One  of  the  most  extraordinary  of  bit 
pieces  is  his  '*  Letter  to  Mr.  Henry  Stubbe,  wherein  the  Galenical. 
Method  and  Medicaments,  as  likewise  Blood-letting  in  particular, 
are  offered  to  be  proved  ineffectual,  or  destructive  to  Mankind,  b; 
experimental  Demonstrations."    Stubbe  wrote  an  answer  to  this, 
in  an  '^  Epistolary  Discourse  concerning  Phlebotomy,  in  Qpposi- 
tibn  to  George  Thompson,  Pseudo-Chymist,  a  pretended  disciple 
to  Lord  Verulam.*'     Our  author  Thompson  published  a  treatise, 
entitled,  "  Animatias,  or  the  true  Way  of  preserving  the  Blood  in 
its  Integrity."     His  principal  aim  in  this  book  was  to  put  a  stop  to 
the  common  practice  of  bleeding. 


ROBERT  WITTIE,  M.D.  a  small  whole  length,  in 
the  title  to  his  translation  of  Dr.  Primrose's  "  Fopukr 
Errors  in  Physick^'  1651 ;  Ato. 

Robert  Wittie,  a  native  of  Yorkshire,  where  he  was  educated, 
and  from  thence  removed  to  King's  College,  Cambridge.  He  was 
incorporated  at  Oxford,  July  13th,  1680,  and  became  fellow  of  tbc 


brought  to  a  compromise ;  and  Dr.  Gideon  Harvey  was  promoted  to  that  office,  fii 
the  same  reason  that  Sixtiis  V.  was  advanced  to  the  pontificate;  because  beva^ 
in  appearance,  sickly  and  infirm*  and'his  death  was  expected  in  a  few  months.  Hd 
however,  survived  not  only  his  rivals,  but  all  his  contemporary  physicians;  vi 
died  after  he  had  enjoyed  his  sinecure  above  fifty  years. 

>  *  The  small  print  of  a  man  with  a  pestilential  body  lying  before  him,  prefisf<li'' 
this  book,  was  most  probably  intended  for  (he  author's  portrait. 


OF    ENGLAND^  225 

College  of  Physicians,  in  London ;  and  practised  physic  for  several 
years  with  Dr.  James  Primerose,  at  Kingston-upon-Hull,  in  York- 
shire, and  was  esteemed  an  ingenious  and  learned  man.  He  wrote 
several  works  relating  to  the  Scarborough  Spa,  and  the  Nature  and 
Use  of  Water  in  general.  See  a  list  in  Wood's  '*  Athence."  He 
retired  to  London,  and  died  in  Basinghall-street,  1684. 


SAMUELIS  COLLINS,  med.  doctor,  JEt.  67. 
TT.  Faithorne  ad  vjvum  delm.  et  sc.  h.  sh.  finely  en- 
graved. 

Samuel  Collins,  who  studied  at  Padua,  was  incorporated  doctor 
of  physic  at  Oxford  in  1659.  Mr.  Wood  informs  us,  that  he  was 
known  by  the  name  of  Dr.  Samuel  Collins,  junior.  He  was  author 
of  "  The  present  State  of  Russia,*'  1671 ;  8vo.  He  afterward 
published  a  book  of  anatomy,  in  folio,  which  is  of  less  value  than 
die  head  which  is  placed  before  it.  Dr.  Garth  speaks  thus  of  this 
author  in  his  Dispensary : 

**  Where  would  the  long-neglected  Collins  fly. 
If  bounteous  Cams  should  refuse  to  buy  V* 

The  name  of  Samuel  Collins  is  in  the  list  of  the  College  of  Physi- 
cians for  1700,  at  which  time  he  was  censor.  It  occurs  again  in 
thehstfor  1707. 


SAMUEL  HAWORTH,  M.  D.  R.  White  sc. 

Samuel  Haworth  was  author  of  ^^  A  method  of  curing  Consump- 
tions," 1683 ;  12mo.  to  which  is  prefixed  his  head.  I  think  he  was 
also  author  of  "  A  Philosophical  Discourse  on  Man,  being  the 
Anatome  both  of  his  Soul  and  Body,"  1680;  8vo.  He  also  pub- 
lished ."  A  Description  of  the  Duke  (of  York's)  Bagnio  (in  Long- 
Acre),  and  of  the  Mineral  Bath  and  new  Spa  thereto  belonging," 
&e.  1683;  12mo. 


Vera    Effigies    ROBERTI  JOHNSON.      R.  W. 
(Robert  White)  sc.  doctor's  gown ;  arms. 

VOL.  V.  2  G 


226  BIOGEAPHICAL   HISTORY 

Robert  Johnson  was  author  of  "  A  Manual  of  Physic,"  1684 ; 
^To.  to  which  is  prefixed  his  head.  It  is  also  before  his  '^  Practice 
of  Physic  reformed/'  1700.  I  take  this  to  be  the  same  book  with  s 
new  title-page. 

JOHN  ROGERS,  M.  D.  M.  38.  Chantry  sc.  & 
small  oval. 

.  John,  son  of  Nehemiah  Rogers,  of  Duddinghurst,  in  Essex,  took 
.the  degree  of  doctor  of  physic  at  Utrecht.  He,  in  1664,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  same  degree  in  the  university  of  Oxford,  being  then  a 
practitioner  in  his  faculty,  at  Bermondsey,  in  Surrey.  He  published 
>'  Analecta  inauguralia,  sive  Disceptationes  medicse :  nee  non  Dia- 
tribsB  discussoriee  de  quinque  Corporis  humani  Concoctionibus,  po- 
tissimumque  de  Pneumatosi  ac  Spermatosi/'  Lond.  1664;  8yo. 
His  head  is  in  the  title  to  this  book. 

Doctor  JAMES  WOLVERIDGE  ;  a  small  portrait, 
in  a  large  wig,  sitting  in  a  chair.  In  the  same  print 
are  a  midwife,  and  a  big-bellied  woman.    Crofts  sc.  Qvo. 

It  is  highly  probable,  that  the  doctor  should  be  placed  with  the 
empirics.  He  was  author  of  '^  Speculum  Matricis,  or  the  expert 
Midwife's  Handmaid/'  1671 ;  before  which  is  his  print. 

There  is  a  prints  on  which  I  have  seen,  in  manuscript , 
the  name  of  "  Doctor  WILLIAM  ROWLAND,"  which 
appears  to  me  to  be  the  print  of  Riverius  ;  but  quaere ; 
Rowland  is  mentioned  by  Wood. 

THEOPHILUS  DE  GARENCIERES  (of  the  Col- 
lege of  Physicians^  London) ;  sitting  at  a  table.  On 
the  print  is  this  distich : 

"  Gallica  quern  genuit,  retinetque  Britannica  Tellus, 
Calluit  Hermetis  quicquid  in  arte  fiiit" 

W.  Dollesc.  h.  sh.  Before  his  '^  Translation  cf  Nos- 
tradamus^ 


OF  fiNOLAND.  227 

Theophilus  de  Garencieres,  doctor  of  physic,  of  the  university  of 
Caeo^  in  Normandy,  was,  in  1657,  incorporated  in  the  same  degree 
at  Oxford,  being  at  that  time  domestic  physician  to  the  French  am- 
bassador.    Several  writers  have  borne  testimony  to  his  character, 
as  a  man  of  distinguished  parts  and  learning.     He  was  author  of 
"Angliae  Flagellum,  sives  Tabes  Anglica,"  1647;  24to.     "  The 
admirable  Virtues,  &c.  of  the  true  and  genuine  Tincture  of  Coral," 
1676 ;  8vo.     He  translated  into  English  "  The  true  Prophecies  or 
Prognostics  of  Michael  Nostradamus,  Physician  to  Henry  II.  Fran- 
cis II.  and  Charles  IX.  kings  of  France,- '*  1672;  folio.    Wood 
informs  us,  that  he  died  in  a  poor  and  obscure  condition,  within  the 
Iflberty  of  Westminster,  of  a  broken  heart,  occasioned  by  the  ill 
usage  of  a  certain  knight ;  but  neither  mentions  his  name,  nor  the 
time  of  the  author's  death. 


JOHANNES  JOHNSTONUS,  ex  generosa  et  pa- 
rantiqua  Johnstoniorum  de  Crogbom  Familia,  &c. 
pliilosophiae  et  medicinae  doctor,  1673,  ^.  70 ;  four 


*  Nostradamus,  nvho  by  some  has  been  rererenced  as  a  prophet,  by  others  de- 
tested as  a  sorcerer,  and  by  most  despised  as  a  trifler,  was  held  in  high  estimation 
by  Henry  II.  of  France.  He  died  July  3,  1566.  His  body  is  said  to  haye  been 
buried  half  in,  and  half  without  the  cburch  of  the  Cordeliers,  at  Salon,  on  account 
of  the  ambiguity  of  his  character,  of  which  Jodellus,  the  author  of  tbe~following 
quibbling  epigram,  had  not  the  least  doubt. 

"  Nostra-damus  cum  falsa  damus,  nam  fallere  nostrum  est ; 
£t  cum  verba  damus,  nil  nisi  nostra  damus." 

Iq  the  curious  *'  Letters  which  passed  between  Abraham  Hill,  esq.'"  &c.  p.  S04, 
205,  is  the  following  extract,  written  by  Mr.  John  Newman,  and  addressed  to  that 
gentleman.!  "  From  Marseilles,  I  journeyed  to  Salon,  which  is  about  twenty  miles ; 
bere  I  saw  the  tomb  of  the  famous  French  prophet,  Nostradamus :  his  works  I  have 
teen ;  every  line  is  an  independent  riddle ;  it  may  be  said  of  them,  as  of  the  oracles 
of  the  Sibyls,  that  they  are  sown  at  random  in  the  large  field  of  time,  there  to  take 
foot  and  get  credit  by  the  event,  as  these  have  done :  for  example,  when  the  French 
took  Arras,  thb  verse  was  found  in  Nostradamus  :■  *  Les  Heretiers  des  Crapauz 
prenderont  Sara.'  By  the  Heirs  of  the  toads  is  meant  the  French  (the  three  toads 
being  their  arms  before  the  flowers  de  lys) ;  Sara  yon  must  read  backwards  and  the 
thing  is  done.  Upon  our  king's  death,  they  found  this  verse :  '  Le  Senat  de  Lon- 
dres  metteront  a  Mort  le  Roy;'  and  upon  Cromwell's  success  in  Flanders  this; 
'  Les  (le)  Oliver  se  plantera  en  Terra  firme.'     '  Shall  get  footing  on  the  continent' 


»» 


t  The  letter  is  dated  from  Paris,  Aug.  19,  ,1659. 


228  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Latin  verses.  C  Rontstet  sc.  8vo.  The  arms  have  a 
near  relation  to  those  of  the  noble  family  of  Annandale; 
but  no  mention  is  made  of  this  person  in  the  account  of 
that  house  in  Douglas's  "  Peerage  of  Scotland.'' 

JoHAN  JoHNSTONuSjM.D.  natus  annoDom.  1603; 
four  Latin  lines.    J.  C.  fecit. 

Dr.  John  Johnston  appears  to  have  been  a  physician  settled 
abroad.  I  am  strongly  of  opinion  that  he  was  author  of  the  foUovr- 
ing  book :  *'  A  Description  of  the  Nature  of  four-footed  Beasts, 
with  their  figures  engraven  in  Brass,  written  in  Latin,  by  Dr.  John 
Johnston.  Translated  into  English,  by  J.  P."  Amsterdam,  1678; 
folio.  In  the  copy  of  this  book,  in  my  possession,  are  subjoined  to 
the  letter-press,  which  consists  of  one  hundred  and  nineteen  pages, 
eighty  folio  copper-plates.  Many  of  the  figures  in  these  prints 
have  been  copied  for  Dr.  HilFs  "  Natural  History."  The  author, 
at  the  conclusion  of  his  preface,  promises  the  reader  a  "  History  of 
Serpents  and  Insects."  I  am  certain  that  there  is  a  continuation  of 
this  work,  but  cannot  say  to  what  length  it  was  carried. 

WILLIELMUS  DAVISONUS,  nobilis  Scotus,  Re^ 
gis  Polonise  Protomedicus,  ^t.  69.  D.  Scultz  p.  Lom^ 
bart  sc.  8vo. 


EMPIRICS. 

GULIELMUS  SALMON,  medicinse  professor,  M 
23,1667.   White  sc. 

GuLiELMus   Salmon,   &c.  jEt.  26,  1670.    Sher- 
win  sc.    Before  his  '' Polygraphice  f  8vo. 

GuLiELMus  Salmon,  &c.  Burnford  sc.  Before  his 
"  Synopsis  Medicince.'' 


OF    ENGLAND.  229 

iuiL.  Salmon.    F.  Gucht. 

juiL.  Salmon.    V.  Hove. 

jtuil.  Salmon,  Mt.  42;  with  arms;  prefbped  to  his 
^^olygraphicey'  1685 ;  %vo. 

V'illiam  Salmon  was  an  early  pretender  to  physic,  which  he  prac- 
d,  with  various  success,  for  a  long  course  of  years.  He  pub- 
ed  a  considerable  number  of  medical  books,  the  chief  of  which 
is  "  Seplasium,"  "  The  compleat  Physician,  or  the  Druggist's 
p  opened ;  explicating  all  the  Particulars  of  which  Medicines 

Day  are  composed  and  made,'*  &c.  in  a  thick  octavo,  consist- 
of  1207  pages.     His  great  work  is  a  large  Herbal  in  folio,  which 

intended  as  an  improvement  of  that  of  Gerard ;  but  is  much 
rior  to  it.  His  "  Polygraphice,  or  the  Arts  of  Drawing,  fin- 
ing, Etching,  Limning,  Painting,"  ^c.  not  to  mention  those  of 
lymy,  making  the  grand  elixir,  chiromancy,  and  many  others, 
sold  better  than  all  the  rest  of  his  works :  the  tenth  edition  of 
as  printed  in  1701 .  He  had  a  large  library,  which  was  far  more 
ous  than  valuable:  the  same  may  be  said  of  his  compilations, 
was  a  great  vender  of  nostrums,  which  was,  and  is  still,  a  much 
er  trade  than  that  of  book-making.  Dr.  Garth  plainly  hints  at 
author  in  his  Dispensary : 

"  Cowslips  and  poppies  o*er  his  ejes  he  spread. 
And  Salmon's  works  he  laid  beneath  his  head." 

the  following  reign. 


^era  et  Viva  Effigies  ANTHONII  COLLEY,  Med. 
adinensis,  JEtat.  suce  41 ;  Nat.  in  Anno  1628. 

The  following  publication  is  under  his  name:  '^A  more  full 
<:overy  of  the  Use  *and  Virtue  of  the  Golden  Purging  Pills.** 
idon,  1671. 


LIONEL    LOCKYER,   M.  70.     Start  sc.     Four 
nglish  vej^ses. 


230 


BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 


Lionel  Lockter.  J.  Sturt ;  4to. 
Lionel  Lockter.   R.  White;  890. 

Lionel  Lockyer  was  famous  for  his  pill,  which  was  in  high 
in  this  reign.  Its  reputation  was  too  great  to  be  of  long  contmit' 
ance.  He  died  the  26th  of  April,  1 672,  m  the  72d  year  (^  his  age^ 
and  lies  buried  in  the  church  of  St.  Saviour's,  Southwark ;  wlicfe 
handsome  monument  is  erected  to  his  memory,  with  his  effigy  at! 
length.    This  is  his  epitaph,  written  by  some  empiric  in  poetry. 


« 


Here  Lockjer  lies  mten'd,  enoa^ ;  his  name 
Speaks  one  hath  few  competiton  in  fiime; 
A  name  so  great,  so  general,  it  may  scorn 
Inscriptions  which  do  yulgar  tombs  adorn. 
A  dimvnition  'tis  to  write  in  ^ene 
His  eologies,  which  iMMt  men's  months  rehearse  : 
His  Tirtaesand  his  piil»  are  so  well  known^ 
That  eskwj  can't  confine  them  nnder  stone: 
Bat  they'll  surriYe  his  dost,  and  not  expire 
Till  all  things  else,  at  th'  nnivefsal  fire. 
This  Terse  b  lost ;  his  pills  embalm  him  safe 
To  fotare  times,  without  an  epitaph.' 


M 


His  pills  are  now  sold  by  Newbury,  bookseller,  in  St.  Paul's  Chnict 
yard. 


JOSEPH  BLAGRAVE,  of  Reading,  student  in 
physic  and  astrology,  aged  72.  Before  his  "  Intro- 
duction to  Astrology/'  1682 ;  Svo. 

Joseph  Blagrave  was  author  of  a  large  Supplement  to  Culpe- 
per's  Herbal,  to  which  is  added,  ^'  An  Account  of  all  the  Drags 
that  were  sold  in  the  Druggists  and  Apothecaries'  Shops,  with  tiieir 
Dangers  and  Corrections."  To  this  book  is  subjoined  '^  A  nev 
Tract  of  Chirurgery ;"  8vo.  He  was  also  author  of  ••  TTie  Astrolo- 
gical Practice  of  Physic,  discovering  the  true  Method  of  curing  all 
Kinds  of  Diseases,  &c.  by  such  Herbs  and  Plants  as  grow  in  ov 
Nation ;"  8yo.  In  the  ^'  Biographia,''  p.  84,  is  an  extract  of  a  curious 
manuscript,  written  by  a  person  of  both  his  names.  It  is  entitled, 
'^  A  Remonstrance  in  favour  of  ancient  Learning,  against  the  proud 
Pretensions  of  the  Modems,  more  especially  in  Respect  to  the  Doc- 


OF  ENGLAXDu  231 


(iMordieSm*    biiaddRMdtoMr.E.QrSmDQ«iek|»*n 


LANCELOT  COELSON  (or  Colsox),  student  in 
logy  and  physic  ;  I2a». 

ITkere  is  anoiher  prini  qfkim  with  ike  same  inscrijh 
and  about  the  same  sizey  bui  im  otha''  rtspet'is 
John  Dunstall  fecit. 

'  I.aiicelot  ColaoQ  wis  andior  of  tlie  (bUowing  book,  to.  **  Philo- 
9f^a,  MatHiata,  or  the  pncddL  and  operatiTe  Part  of  the  Philoao- 
ker's  Stone,  and  the  Cakination  of  Metals,  with  the  Work  of  SL 
^instan  concerning  the  Philo6opher*s  Stone,  and  the  Expertmenti 
Rumelius,  and  the  preparation  of  Angel.  Sala.''  Lond.  1668 ; 
Uno. 


"  JACOBUS  COOKE,  medicus  ac  chirurgus  peri- 
Bsimiis  :  qui  quae  indefesso  studio,  et  multorum  anno* 
im  experientia,  comperit  usui  fore  ad  prsesentem  sa- 
Itatem  tuendam,  amissamque  recuperandam,  non  in- 
idet  humano  generi.  ^tatis  suae  64."  R.  White  sc* 
wo. 

Jacobus  Cooke;  different  from  the  former  ;  JSfi 
1.  R.W.  sc.  8vo.  These  heads  are  before  the  several 
iHtions  of  his  "  Marrow  of  Chirurgery.'' 

,  James  Cooke,  of  Warwick,  was  a  general  undertaker  in  phytio 
H  well  as  sargery.  He,  by  uniting  two  professions,  canied  on  a 
htj  lucratiye  trade  in  that  town  for  a  long  course  of  years.    He 


*  Probably  Mr.  William  Backhouse,  a  very  noted  aitrologcr  and  chymlit  of  that 
Wtot,  who  communicated  many  secrets  to  Mr.  Ashmole,  and  caused  lilm,  according 
^  wm  ancient  costom  among  Hermetic  philosophers,  to  call  bim  ftithert  The  latter 
ktfBnns  us,  *'that  on  the  ISth  of  May,  1653,  bis  father  Backhouse  tuid  him,  In  lyl- 
M»,  the  true  matter  of  the  philosopher's  stone;"  he  being  at  that  time  appff 
^'^  of  death.    See  Ashmole's  «  Diary,"  p.  29,  SO. 


232  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

was  author  of  "  Melificimn  Chirnrgite,  or  the  Mairow 
gery."  To  a  latter  edition  of  this  book  is  tutgoined  & 
Anatomy,  and  another  entitled,  "  The  Harrow  of  Physic 


1 


WILLIAM  WALWIN,  Mt.  80.  R.  White  sc.  IS 
Before  his  book  mentioned  below. 

« 
It  is  evident,  firom  the  print,  that  he  was  not  eighty  yeun  ^ 
when  it  was  engraved.     It  is  not  unusual  to  alter  the  c~ 
portrait  for  different  editions  of  an  author's  works. 

William  Walwia,  who  lived  at  the  Star,  in  the  PosteTn.byl 
Moorfieldg,  published  a  book  in  this  reign,  eulitled,  '  ~ 
Families."  This  physic  the  doctor  prepared  himself,  andn 
mends  it  a&  answering  all  intentions  of  cure,  in  every  kind-Q 
temper,  bg  tea  and  land .-  and  that  "  without  tbe  trouble,  tid 
pun,  or  danger  of  purges,  vomiters,  bleeding!^,  issues,  gUs^ 
blisters,  opium,  antimony,  and  quicksilver,  lo  full  of  perplei' 
sickness."*  He  tells  us,  that  he  is  not  without  hope  of  seeiiu 
these  excluded  from  practice,  to  the  perpetnal  security,  ease^ 
quiet,  of  all  patients  whatsoever.  He  has  given  us  a  list  of  tt~ 
three  of  his  own  niistrums,  together  with  a  dettjl  of  tbar  viitj 
Among  these  are  his  succus  vitee,  his  sang^ti  vitse,  [  ' 
vitte,  his  vis  vitae,  and  his  vita  vitoe.  The  latter  part  of  hia  fe 
contains  a  recital  of  his  cures,  in  about  fifty  instances.  We  tcre  1 
to  credit  him  upon  his  own  testimony,  as  there  is  not  a  single 
davit  to  confirm  it.  The  practice  of procvriflg' and  printings 
seems  to  be  a  modem  improvement  of  empiricism. 


VALENTINE  GREATRAKS.  Faithorne  f. 
ing  a  manis  face;  frontispiece  to  "  A  brief  Act 
[Mr.  V.  Greatraks,  and  of  divers  of  the  strange  Cure 
him  performed ;"  written  by  himself  in  a  letter  to  R.'si 
(Robert  Boyle,  esq.)  1668;  Ato. 

Valentine  Greatraks.    W.  Richardson;  4to. 


nous  fm-  curvn^  jeveraL 
tie  JtroaJc  afln>! 


OF   ENGLAND.  233 

Valentine  Greatraks.    Caulfield;  8vo. 

Valentine  Greatraks,  an  Irish  gentleman^  had  a  strong  impulse 
upon  his  mind  to  attempt  the  cure  of  diseases,  by  touching  or  strok- 
ing the  parts  affected.  He  first  practised  in  his  own  family  and 
n^ghbpurhood ;  and  several  persons  were,  in  all  appearance,  cured 
by  him  of  different  disorders.  He  afterward  came  into  England, 
where  his  reputation  soon  rose  to  a  prodigious  height ;  but  it  de- 
clined almost  as  fast,  when  the  expectations  of  the  multitudes  that 
resorted  to  him  were  not  answered.  Mr.  Glanvill  imputed  his  cures 
to  a  sanative  quality  inherent  in  his  constitution ;  some  to  friction ; 
and  others  to  the  force  of  imagination  in  his  patients.*  Of  this 
^ere  were  many  instances ;  one  of  which,  if  a  fact,  is  related  by 
Mons.  St.  Evremond  in  a  peculiar  strain  of  pleasantry.  It  is  cer- 
tain that  the  great  Mr.  Boyle  believed  him  to  be  an  extraordinary 
person,  and  that  he  has  attested  several  of  his  cures.  His  manner 
of  touching  some  women,  was  said  to  be  very  different  from  his 
Aisual  method  of  operation.f 


*  *  I  was  myself  a  witness  of  the  powerfal  woriLings  of  imagination  in  the  populace.   In  1751. 

-^en  the  waters  of  Glastoobarj  were  •  at  the  height  of  their  reputation.    The  vvtiies 

^  the  spring  f^cre,  were  suppoted  t9  be  supernatural ;  and  to  have  been  discovered 

.by  a  reveUtion  made  in  a  dream,  to  one  Matthew  Chancellor.    The  people  did  not 

only  expect  to  be  cured  of  such,  distempers  as  were  in  their  natjore  incurable,  bpt 

«ven  to  recover  their  lost  eyes,  and  their  mutilated  limbs.    llie  following  story, 

'vHcli  scarce  exceeds  what  I  observed  upon  the  ^pot,  i^as  told  me  by  a  gentleman 

of  character.    "Ah  old  woman  in  the  workhouse  at  Yeovil,  :who  had  t  long  beea  a 

cripple  and  made  use  of  crutches,  was  strongly  inclined  to  drink  of  the  Glastonbury 

^ters,  which  she  was  assured  would  cure  her  of  her  lameness.     The  master  of  the 

workhoase  procured  her  several  bottles  of  water,  whidb  had  such  an  effect,  that  she 

w>on  laid  asid«;  one  crutch,  and  not  long  after,  the  other.    This  was  Extolled  as  a 

^BiRoultiis  xsue.  ;vjBut  the  n^  protested  jlo  hia  friends,  that  he  had  impoAed  u{lpn 

^»  and  fetched  the  waters  from  an  ordinary  spring."    I  need  not.  inform  the 

Kader,  that  when  the  force  of  imagination-  had  spent  itself,  she  relapsed  into  her 

^Dfmer  infirmity. 

t  In  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  an  accusation  was  brought  before  the  court  of  Star- 

>f|MUB^ri  and  afterward  before  (he  College  of  Phy4|d^P>.*£ft^»i  one  JohnJUavereitt, 

f  gwdien^r,  who  undertook  tp  cure,  all  diseases,  but  especially  the  king's  eirily  "l^J 

way  of  touching,  or  stroking  with  the  hand."  He  used  to  speak  with  great comtempt 

cf  the  royal  touch,  ^d  grossly  imposed  npon  numbers. of  credulous  people.    He 

.  asserted)  that  he  w&s  the  seventh  son  of  a  seventh  son  j  and  profanely  said,  that "  he 

.fimnd  virtue  to  go  out  of  him ;''  so  that  he  was  more  weakened  by  touching  thirty  or 

(lorty  in.a  day,  than  if  be  had  dug  eight  roods  of^ound.    He  al^  affirmed^  that 

if  he  touched  a  woman,  he  was  much  more  w)sakened  than  if  he  had  toi^c^d  a 

man. 

TOL.  y;  2  h 


234  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 


SURGEONS. 

JOHANNES  BROWNE,  Norvicensis,  chirurgus, 
JR.  35,  1677.    H.  Morland del    R.White sc.  8vo. 

Johannes  Browne,  regis  roajestati  chirurgus  ordi- 
narius,  M.  36,  1678 ;  4to. 

Johannes  Browne,  &c.  ^t.  39,  1681.  R.  White 
sc»  h.  sh. 

Johannes  Browne,  JEt.  64,  1696.    R.  White  sc. 

John  Browne,  who,  for  his  singular  merit  in  his  prbfession  was 
made  surgeon  to  the  king,  was  author  of  the  following  books. 
1.  "A  Treatise  of  preternatural  Tumours,"  1678;  8vo.  2.  '<  A 
Discourse  of  Wounds,"  1678  ;  4to.  3.  "  A  Treatise  of  the  Mus- 
cles,*' in  folio,  of  which  there  have  been  several  editions.  His 
portraits  are  .prefixed  to  these  books. — He  was  also  author  of 
*'  Charisma  Basilicon,  or  the  Royal  Gift  of  Healing  Strumfes,  or 
King's  Evil,"  12mo.  1684 ;  to  which  is  prefixed  the  curious  print  of 
King  Cfharles  II.  touching  for  the  evil,  by  R.  White. 

TBOUASmiVGlS,  inasmalloval.  T.Cross  sc. 
He  is  represented  abovCy  performing  an  operation  on  a 
man's  head :  below  is  a  chymical  laboratory.    The  prints 


He  WHS,  by  the  censors  of  the  college,  adjudged  an  impostor.  See  Dr.  Charlef 
•GoodaH*4  "  Historical  Account  of  the  College's  Proceedings  against  Empirics," 
p.  44T,  &C. 

Greatraks '  says,  in  his  account  of  himself  and  his  cures,  that  he  **  met  with 
several  instances  which  seemed  to  him  to  be  possession  by  dumb  devils,  deaf  deviii, 
luid  taXlting  devils^  and  that  to  his  apprehension,  and  others  present,  several  evil 
spirits  one  after  the  other  have  been  pursued  out  of  a  woman,  and  every  one  of  tbete 
have  been  like  to  choke  her  ^when  it  came  up  to  her  throat)  before  it  went  forth; 
and  when  the  last  was  gone  she  was  perfeotly  well,  and  so  cootinaed. 


n 


OF  ENGLAND.  235 

which  is  anonymous,  is  prefia^ed  to  several  editions  of  his 
^^Vade  Mecuniy  or  a  Companion  for  a  Chirurgeon,'^  the 
5th  of  which  was  printed  in  l2mo.  1670. 


POETS. 

JOANNES  MILTONUS,  M.  62,  1670.  GuL 
Fait  home  ad  vivum  delin.  et  sc.  Before  his  *'  History 
of  Britain;'  1670;  4to. 

Vertue  looked  upon  this  head  as  the  truest  representation  of  Mil- 
ton.* The  next  print,  and  a  great  part  of  the  following,  especially 
those  done  hy  Vertue,  are  copied  from  Faithome. 

Joannes  Miltonus,  &c.  W.  Dolle  sc.  small  8vo. 
Before  his  **  Paradise  Lost.' 


»> 


Joannes  Milton,  ^t.  62,  1670.  Vertue  sc.  large 
h.  sh.  One  of  the  set  of  Poets,  reckoned  amojig  the 
capital  works  of  this  engraver. 

Johannes  Miltonus,  Mt.  62,  1670.  Vertue  sc. 
Greek  inscription  ;  Ato. 

Johannes  Miltonus.  Vertue  sc.  Under  the  head 
»  Dryden's  epigram,  "  Three  poets,''  8gc.  Before  his 
''Works,"  in  2  vols.  Ato. 

Milton  ;  oval;  his  name  is  in  capitals  at  the  top. 
fertue  sc.  8vo. 


I    *  Mrs.  Foster,  his  granddaughter,  who  kept  a  chandler's  shop  in  Pelham-street, 
^  I  ^fiitaifields,  told  Dr.  Ward,  late  professor  of  rhetoric  at  Gresham- College,  "  that 
that  were  three  pictures  of  her  grandfather ;  the  first  painted  while  he  was  a  school- 
ky,  tben  in  the  possession  of  Charles  Stanhope,  esq. ;  the  second,  when  he  was 
aboat  twenty-five  or  twenty-six  years  of  age;  and  the  third,  when  he  was  pretty  well 
•dfmoed  in  years." 


236^  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

Milton  ;  betwixt  Homer  and  VirgU.  Veriue  tc.  8«. 

« 

Milton-     Vertue  sc.  small  l2mo. 

Milton  ;  in  a  small  round,  encompassed  with  a  scT' 
pent.   Vertue  sc. 

Milton  ;  "  Cui  mens  divinior,^'  ^c.   Vertue  sc. 

John  Milton  ;  in  the  same  plate  with  Chaucer^  ^» 
Vertue  sc.  8w. 

Johannes   Milton  j    ex   Museo  J.  Richardson. 
Ve^'tue  sc.  1751 ;  ornaments;  large  Ato. 

John  Milton.    Richardson  del.   Vertue  sc.  a  bust;\ 
h.  sh. 


ti 


John  Milton.  R.  White  sc.  epig.  ^^  Three  podSi 
Sfc.  Another  with  the  same  epigram;  before  the  ninA 
edition  of  his  ^^  Paradise  Lost,''  without  the  engraver's 
name. 

Giovanni  Milton.    Jn^.  Vandergucht  sc.  h.  sk 

John  Milton  ;  a  square  print,  with  a  label  uniff 
the  head.    G.  Vandergucht  sc.  neat. 

Milton.  J.R.  (Jonathan  Richardson )seff.f 
an  excellent  portrait  in  cray(ms  in  his  collection.  J^^ij, 
tispiece  to  *  *  Explanatory  Notes  and  Remarks  on  Mn  j 
ton's  Paradise  Lost,  by  J.  Richardson,  father  and  son; 
Svo.  1734. 

John  Milton  ;  an  anonymous  etching,  in  the  rhaitu/^ , 
of  Richardson ;  h.sh. 


OF  ENGLAND^  2S7 

Jqhn.  Milton.  J.  Cipriani  f.  From  a  portrait  in 
^rmfonsy  now  in  the  possession  of  Mess.  Tonson^  book^ 
tellers;*  h.sh. 

John  Milton;  a  profile.    J.  Richardson/.  1738^; 

Milton  ;  a  bust.    J.  Richardson  f.   three  Latin 
verses. 

.This  was  done  fxom  a  bust  which  belonged  to  the  painter  that 
etched  the  print.  The  bust  is  said  to  have  been  done  from  a  mould 
taken  from  his  face,  and  is  indeed  very  like  him.f 

Milton  ;  8vo.   M.  Bovi. 

Milton  ;  4to.    P.  v.  Plus;  G.  Quinton;  1797. 

Milton  ;  a  bold  etchings  nearly  front  face ;  Pondor 
Michardson;  small  folio;  scarce. 

Milton.  S.  Cooper;  Caroline  Watson.  From  the 
original  in  the  collection  of  the  late  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds; 
a  beautifully  executed  prints  but  certainly  no  portrait  of 
Milton.     It  iSy  I  thinky  the  portrait  of  Selden. 

Milton.    Bartolozzi  sc.    In  "  Lives  of  the  Poets'^ 

Jonnf  Milton.  J.  Cipriani  f  From  a  bust  in 
plaister,  modelled  from  the  life ;  now  in  the  possession  of 
Thomas  Hollisy  F.  R.  and  A.S.S. 


*  I  hsTe  heard  that  the  original  receipt  for  152.  paid  to  Milton  for  the  copj  of 
Bis  *'  Paradise  Lost,"  was  preserved  by  the  Tonson  family,  and  that  it  is  still  in 
ifdng. 

t  TbCi  piisti  of  MIHoB  by  Richardsdfl  tee  iidt  oottmon. 


238  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Milton  victorious  over  Salmasius.  The  head  of  the 
former  is  on  a  term ;  on  the  front  of  which  is  a  small  oval 
head  of  the  latter  suspended  on  a  palm-branch  ;  just  above 
which  is  a  book,  inscribed,  "  DEF.  PRO  POP.  AN- 
GLIC." various  ornaments  ;  h.  sh.  This  is  the  fifth  of 
the  elegant  prints  of  Milton  drawn  and  etched  by  Cipri- 
aniy  at  the  ea^pense  of  the  late  Thomas  Mollis ,  esq. 

Johannes  Miltonus.  M.  Rysbrachius  marm,  sc. 
pro  GuL  BensonOy  arm.  G.  Vandergucht  sc.  1741 ;  4to. 

Johannes  Miltonus.  Green,  jun^ .  del.  Wood  sc. 
A  small  head  in  the  title-page  of  Dobsons  Latin  trans- 
lation of  the  "  Paradise  Lost  J' 

Engraved  from  a  medallion,  which  was  done  after  the  head  on 
his  monument  by  Rysbrack.  The  monument  was  erected,  the  me- 
dallion struck,  and  the  translation  procured,  at  the  expense  of  Wil- 
liam Benson,  esq.  auditor  of  the  imprests.  Mr.  Dobson  had  1000/. 
for  the  work. 

Milton  ;  a  head  only ;  a  small  etching,  inscribed 
F.  P.  (Francis  Perry.) 

Johannes  Milton.  Faber  f  4to,  mezz.  Before 
Peck's  '' Memoirs  of  Milton;'  1740. 

The  print  is  much  like  the  portrait  from  which  it  was  taken ;  but 
it  is  evidently  not  genuine.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Peck's 
widow. 

This  sublime  genius,  under  the  disadvantages  of  "  poverty,  blind- 
ness, disgrace,  and  old  age,"  was  alone  equal  to  a  subject  which 
carried  him  beyond  the  bounds  of  the  creation.  His  ^*  Paradise 
Lost"  was  overlooked  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  an  age  as  destitute 
of  the  noble  ideas  of  taste,  as  it  was  of  those  of  virtue.  Some  of 
the  small  poets  who  lived  in  the  sunshine  of  the  court,  and  now.  and 


OF    ENGLAND.  239 

4!hen  produced  a  madrigal  or  a  song,  were  much  more  regarded  than 
Milton  .• 


«t 


The  nightingale,  if  he  should  sing  by  day 

When  eveiy  goose  is  cackling^  would  be  thought 

No  better  a  musician  than  the  wren/'t — Shaksfxarb. 

Ob.  Nov.  1674. 

See  the  two  preceding  reigns ;  and  the  division  of  the  Histo- 
rians in  the  present. 


JOHN  DRYDEN,  1683,  M.  52.  John  Riley  p. 
P.  a  Gunst  sc.  long  and  large  wig. 

It  was  from  his  wearing  such  a  wig  as  this,  that  Swift  compared 
him  to  a  lady  in  a  lobster.^  The  print  is  before  the  first  volume  of 
bis  "  Virgil,"  in  8vo. 

John  Dryden.  G.  Kneller  p.  Coignard  sc.  1702; 
large  foL 

John  Dryden.    G.  Kneller;  N.Edelinck;  la./oL 

John  Dryden.    G.  Kneller;  J.  Faber ;  mezz.  4to. 


*  It  should  be  observed,  that  the  prejudice  against  his  poetry  was,  in  a  great 
measure,  owing  to  his  bigoted  attachment  to  his  parly.  "  There  is  a  near  relation," 
nys  an  eminent  author,  "  between  poetry  and  enthusiasm :  somebody  said  well, 
that  a  poet  is  an  enthusiast  in  jest ;  and  an  enthusiast  a  poet  in  good  earnest.  It 
is  remarkable,  that  poetry  made  Milton  an  enthusiast,  and  enthusiasm  made  Norria 
ipoet."$ 

t  Lauder  has  endeavoured  to  prove  Milton  a  plagiary,  not  only  by  the  grossest 
iiraad  and  falsehood,  but  also  by  sucb  rules  as  will  prove  every  poet  to  be  of  thieU 
character,  who  wrote  after  Homer;  and  every  historian,  from  the  age  ..of  Herpdoti|8« 
to  the  present  time.  To  tlunk  the  same  thoughts,  to  use  the  same  words,  and  even 
to  range  them  in  the  same,  or  a  similar  order,  b  not  always  plagiarism,  but  the 
natural  and  the  necessary  result  of  ideal  combination.  Somebody,  I  forget  whom, 
eiciaims  Ihns ;  ^'  Pereant,  qui  ante  nos  nostra  dixeruht !" 
X  See  "  the  Battle  of  the  Books  " 


$  Dx.  l/VarbuTton's  note,  to  line  Ml,  part  L  oanto  i.  of  Grey's  '*  Hud 


*« 

i* 


240  BIOGRAPHICAL  HI3T0RT 

John  Dryden.  J.  Closterman;  W.  Fmtharm^jm 
rnezz.  Ato. 

John   Dryden;   «»  a  long  wig.    J.Clostemm; 
W.  Faithorne^jun. 

John  Dryden^  M.  62,  1693.  Kneller;  7.  GucUl 
Svo. 

John    Dryden.     Houbraken  fecit.     In   BircKi 
"  Lives.'' 

John  Dryden,  with  Wycherley^  Prior,  and  Popt. 
Kytep.  mezz. 

John  Dryden,  M.  67, 1698.   Kneller;  DeLem.. 
Svo. 

John  Dryden  ;  in  "  Lives  of  the  Poetsf  J.  Shet-y^ 
win;  Svo. 

John  Dryden,  with  Garth,  Vanbrugh,  and  Steck. 
J.  Simon  sc.  mezz. 

John  Dryden.    G.  Vertue.    In  the  set  of  Poets; 
half  sheet. 

John  Dryden.    G.  Vertue;  \2mo. 

John  Dryden.    Kneller;  G.White;  mezz. 


Dryden  was  the  father  of  true  English  poetry^  and  the  most  wu- 
versal  of  all  poets.  This  universality  has  been  object^  to  him  tf  t 
fault;  but  it  was  the  unhappy  effect  of  penury  and  dependance. 
He  was  not  at  liberty  to  pursue  his  own  inclination;  but  was  fre- 
quently obliged  to  prostitute  his  pen  to  such  persons  and  things  tf 
a  man  of  his  talents  must  have  despised.  .  He  was  the  great  Iid- 
prover  of  our  language  and  versification.  The  chains  of  oar  Eng- 
lish bards  were  formerly  heard  to  rattle  only ;  in  the  age  of  Waller 
and  Dryden,  they  became  harmonious.     He  has  failed  in  most  of 


•( 


.  OF.  ENGLAND.  241 

us  dramatic  wiitaigi,*  of  wMch  the  prologues,  epilogues,  and  pre- 
WceSy  are  g^enerall  j  more  Taluable  than  the  pieces  to  which  they  are 
iflBxed.  But  eyen  in  this  branch  of  poetry,  he  has  written  enough 
to  perpetuate  Ins  fome;  as  his  '^  All  for  Love/'  his  *'  Spanish 
friar,**  and  **  Don  S^MstBan,"  can  never  be  forgotten.  There  was 
ft  native  fire  in  this  great  poet,  which  poverty  could  not  damp,  nor 
M.  age  exting^uish.  On  the  contrary,  he  was  still  improving  as  a 
^writer,  while  he  was  declining  as  a  man ;  and  was  far  advanced  in 
'jears  when  he  wrote  his  '^  Alexander  s  Feast,**  v^hich  is  confessedly 
ait  the  head  of  modem  lyrics,  and  in  the  true  spirit  of  the  ancients. 
^Ireat  injury  has  been  done  him,  in  taking  an  estimate  of  his  cha- 
lacter  from  the  meanest  of  his  productions.  It  would  be  just  as 
HDcandid,  to  detemune  the  merit  of  Kneller,  from  the  vilest  of  his 
pamtmgs. 

SAMUEL  BUTLER ;  after  his  portrait  by  Lely,  in 
the  Picture  Gallery  at  Oxford;  h.  sh.  mezz.    Another 
in  4to.  after  the  same  original;  mezz.     The  former  was 
probably  done  by  Van  Somer. 

Samuel  Butler;  from  a  picture  painted  by  Lely^ 
for  the  lord-chancellor  Clarendon;  Lens  del.  1749. 
^ixon  sc.  neat.  Before  a  small  edition  of  "  Hudibras^^ 
from  the  original^  which  was  in  the  possession  of  Charles 
Zjmgueville,  esq. 

Samuel  Butler.  Soestp.  Vertue  sc.  small  Ato. 
Another y  after  the  same  painter ,  mezz. 

Samuel  Butler;  oval;  in  the  frontispiece  to  Ho- 
garth's set  of  prints  to  "  Hudibras.'' 

His  portrait  by  Soest,  or  Zoust,  is  in  the  possession  of  Charles 
Jennens,  esq.  in  Ormond-street.f 


*  It  should  be  remembered  that  he  deserves  a  mnch  severer  oensare  for  the  im« 
morality  in  his  plays,  than  for  any  defocts  in  their  coropotitioo. 

t  This  gentleman's  collection  of  pictures  is  worth  the  noliee  of  the  cnriouf  • 
VOL.  V.  2  I 


242  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Samuelis  Butler.  Veriue  sc.  large  h.  sh.  Onet^  ^ 
the  set  of  Poets. 

Samuel  Butler  j  e  museo  R.  Mead^  'Mf  D.  Vertuf   = 
]sc.  1744;  large  8vo. 

Samuel  Butler  ;   in  an  oval.     W.  Hogarth;  X 
Tkane;  8i?o. 

Samuel  Butler.  Cook  sc.  1778 ;  in  Beit's  ^^Poets,* 

l2mo. 

.1 

Samuel  Butler.  Sir  P.  Lely;  Ridley  sc.  InGrey^ 

"  Hudibras/'  8vo.  1801.  1 

I 

Samuel  Butler  ;  two  small  prints  by  Vertue;  one 
looking  to  the  right y  and  the  other  to  the  left. 

Samuel  Butler;  small;  in  the  same  plate  with 
Chaucer,  8fc.  Vertue  sc.  %vo. 

Samuel  Butler  ;  before  the  curious  translation  of 
his  "  Hudibras,''  in  French  verse,*  printed  with  tk 
original,  Lond.  1757,  3  tomes,  l2mo.  with  notes  and 
cuts.1[ 

A  mezzoiinto  print  of  Lord  Grey  has  been  altered  to 
Butler. 

There  is  an  undoubted  original  picture  of  Butier,  in  the  ppsses- 
sion  of  Thomas  Hayter,  esq.  of  Salisbury.  This  i»  the  portrait  that 
formerly  belonged  to  Mr.  Lon^ueville* 

*  I  am  very  credibly  informed  that  this  translation  was  done  by  Mr.  Townleji  i 
gentleman  of  fortune  in  Lancashire,  who  has  been  allowed  by  the  Fr*neh  to  onder* 
stand  their. li^i^age  w  well  a^  the  natives  themselves. 

t  The  cuts  are  for  tl^p  ippst  part  copied  from  Hogarth.  The  ^pMt  to  Sidiopbel 
is  omitted,  aj  bA.v^i^  xio\ctfifiu^qp  wMh  t|i^  r^  ol  tkfi  po^in. 


or   ENGLAND.  245: 

Buder  stands  without  a  rival  in  burlesque  poetry.  His  *^  Hudi- 
>ras''  iSy  in  its  kind,  almost  as  great  an  effort  of  genius  as  the 
*  Paradise  Lost"  itself.  It  abounds  with  uncommon  learning,  new 
rhymes,  and  original  thoughts.  Its  images  are  truly  and  naturally 
rkuculous:  we  are  never  shocked  with  excessive  distortion  or 
grimace ;  nor  is  human  nature  degraded  to  that  of  monkeys  and 
yahoos.  There  are  in  it  many  strokes  of  temporary  satire,  and 
MiBe  characters  and  allusicms  which  cannot  be  discovered  at  this 
distance  of  time.  The  character  of  Hudibras  is,  with  good  reason, 
believed  to  have  been  intended  for  Sir  Samuel  Luke  ;*  and  that  of 
"Whachum,  but  with  much  less  probability,  for  Captain  Gebrge 
"Wharton. t     Ob.  Sept.  1680.^ 


ABRAHAMUS  COULEIUS.  W.  Faithorne  f.  a 
bust.     Before  his  Latin  Poems,  1668;   8vo. 

Abraham  Cowley.  W.  Faithorne  sc.  Before  his 
Works,  fol.  1673.  The  head  was  first  prefixed  to  this 
<s£tion. 

There  are  two  plates  ;  the  one  withotU  the  date,  1687, 
w  the  first,  and  in  its  original  state  was  a  fine  portrait. 

*  X>^  Grey  infonns  as,  that  Sir  Samuel  Rosewell,  of  Ford  Abbey.,  in  Deyonshire, 
vu  by  some  tbooght  to  be  the  hero  of  Butler.  We  are  told  by  the  flame  author, 
fitat  Sir  Paul  Neat,  who  constantly  affirmed  that  Butler  was  not  the  antler  dl 
^  fiEbdibMs,"  baft,  by  some,  been  taken  for  the  person  characterized!  undet  the 
BMe  oif  Sidrophei  v^  but  others,  with  much  greater  pwbabitity,  believe  that  tb^ 
peftoB  meant  was  Lilly  the  astrologer.  The  former  "  was  the  gentleman,  who,  I  am 
toldi"  says  Dr.  Grey,.  "  made  a  great  discovery  of  an  €lep}ian%  in,  (h«  fMon^  which 
QlH>n  examination,  proved  to  be  no  other  than  a  monse  which  had  mistaken  its 
f»»y,  and  got  mto  his  telescope."  See  Grey's  "  Hud.**  ii.  388,  &c.  105, 1st  edit 
-  t  Afterward  Sr  Oeorge  Wbftfton.    See  *'  Biographiak"  Artie.  8»sRBpK«£t 

%  Thoagh  it  is  said  in  his  life,  prefixed  to  some  editioos  of  bis  "  Hudibras,"  that 
be  was  neglected  by  Charles  the  Second,  yet  the  very  learned  and  ingenious  com- 
ixrantcator  of  this  Tiote,$.  was  many  years  ago  informed  by  a  gentleman  of  nnqu^*; 
Cbmtble  reracity,  that  Mr.  Lowndes,  then  belonging  to  the  treaiaiy,  and,  in  th« 
^ti^ii  of  Xing  William  and  Queen  Anne,  secnetary,  of  it,  had  deciaced.  In  hU 
bearing,  that  by  order  of  Charles,  he  had  paid  to  Butler,  a  yearly  pension  of  1001. 
^Ibetoe  of  his  decease. 


.iDr.  Zi^haiy  Fearce^  late  bishop  of  Rochcgiter. 


244  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

Abraham  Cowley.  Godfrey  sc.  In  the  ^^  Antiqua- 
rian Repertory,''  4to. 

Abraham  Cowley.  Hall  sc.    In  Dr.   Johnson's 
"  Poets.'' 

Abrahamus  Couleius.    Verttce  sc.  large  h.  sh. 
One  of  the  set  of  Poets. 

Abraham  Cowley.    Vertue  sc.  Svo. 

Abraham  Cowley.  Vertue  sc.  l2mo. 

Abraham  Cowley;  small;  in  the  same  plate  with 
Chaucer,  S^c.  8vo. 

Abraham  Cowley,  &c.  S.  de  Leeuwf 

There  is  an  excellent  head  of  him,  by  Zinck,  after  Lely,  in  the 
collection  of  miniatures  at  Strawberry-hill. 

27iis  has  lately  been  well  engraved,  and  prefixed  to 
his  select  works,  published  by  Dr.  Hurd. 

Cowley,  who  helped  to  corrupt  the  taste  of  the  age  in  which  he 
lived,  and  had  himself  been  corrupted  by  it,  was  a  remarkable  in- 
stance of  true  genius,  seduced  and  perverted  by  false  wit.  But 
this  wit,  false  as  it  was,  raised  his  reputation  to  a  much  higher 
pitch  than  that  of  Milton.  There  is  a  want  of  elegance  in  his 
words,  and  of  harmony  in  his  versification  ;  but  this  was  more  than 
atoned  for,  by  his  greatest  fault,  the  redundancy  of  his  fancy.*  His 
Latin  poems,  which  are  esteemed  the  best  of  his  works,  are  written 
in  the  various  measures  of  the  ancients,  and  have  much  of  their 
tmaffected  beauty.  He  was  more  successful  in  imitating  the  ease 
and  gaiety  of  Anacreon,  than  the  bold  and  lofty  flights  of  Pindar. 
He  had  many  humble  imitators  in  his  Pindarics,  whose  verses 
differ  as  widely  from  his  own,  as  the  first  and  the  last  notes  of  a 

*  Drj^den  and  Cowley  have  been  ranked  in  the  first  class  of  the  prose  writers  of 
their  age.  This  reminds  me  of  an  observation  of  Bishop  Atterbary :  That  be  never 
knew  a  man  excel  in  prose,  who  jiad  not  at  least  a  taste  for  poetry. 


OF   ENGLAND.  245 

oultiplied  echo.f  His ''  Burning-Glasses  of  Ice/'  and  other  meta- 
>bors,  which  are  not  only  beyond,  but  contrary  to,  nature^  were 
j^enerally  admired  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  The  standard  of  true 
taste  was  not  then  established.  It  was  at  length  discovered,  after  a 
revolution  of  many  ages,  that  the  justest  rules  and  examples  of 
good  writing  are  to  be  found  in  the  works  of  ancient  authors ;  and 
that  there  is  neither  dignity  nor  elegance  of  thought  or  expression, 
without  simplicity.     Ob.  28  July,  1667,  M.  49. t 

EDMUNDUS  WALLERUS,  M.  76.  Lelj/  p. 
P.  Vandrebanc  sc.  Svo.  Before  his  Works.  This  has 
been  copied. 

Edmund  Waller,  JEt.  76.   Vertue  sc.  \2mo. 

Edmund  Waller.   Kneller  p.   1684.    Vertue  sc. 
1727 ;  large  h.  sh.    One  of  the  set  of  Poets, 

Edmund  Waller.  Kneller  p.  Vertue  sc.  large  Ato. 
Before  the  fine  edition  of  his  Works. 

Edmund  Waller;  small;  in  the  same  plate  with 
Chaucer  J  8^c.  Vertue  sc.  8vo. 

Ei?MUND  Waller  ;  a  small  oval;  in  a  head-piece, 
to  the  quarto  edition  of  his  Works.    G.  Vandergucht  sc. 

Edmund  Waller.  Caldwall  sc.  In  Johnson^s 
'*  Poets;'  8vo. 

See  an  account  of  him  in  the  reign  of  Charles  L 

*  I  bave  fomewheie  seen  the  Pindarics  of  these  aatfaors  compared  to  a  giant  and 
^  dwarf  dancing  together ;  and  indeed,  not  unaptly ;  tbe  long  verses  appear  heavy, 
^Hd  the  short  appear  lame. 

f  It  has  been  observed,  to  the  honour  of  Cowley,  that  the  Royal  Society  **  had  its 
k^^nning*'  from  his  notion  of  a  philosophical  college.)  It  should  be  remembered 
^  lus  hooonr,  that  no  great  poet,  scarce  any  great  man,  ever  had  fewer  enemies.  His 
liaxim  was,  "  never  to  reprehend  any  body  but  by  the  silent  reproof  of  a  better 
^nurtke." 

I  Dr.  Campbeirs  *'  Hcrmippus  Redivivus/'  p.  69,  edjt  f. 


246  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

SIR  JOHN  DENHAM.  In  Grammmi^  "  3f4j. 
moirsr    Le  Goux  sc.  Ato. 

Sir  John  Denham.  Collyer  sc.  %vo. 

Sir  John  Denham,  the  only  son  of  Sir  John  Denham,  of  Littlfe 
Horsley,  in  Essex,  was  born  in  Dublin,  in  the  year  1615,  where 
his  father  was  chief  baron  of  the  Exchequer,  and  one  of  the  lords 
justices  of  Ireland.  He  was  early  sent  to  Oxford  for  education, 
hvit  was  more  addicted  to  cards  and  dice  than  to  study.  He  srfter- 
ward  removed  to  Lincoln's  Inn,  where  he  studied  the  oommon  law 
with  sufficient  appearance  of  application ;  yet  did  not  lose  his 
propensity  for  gambling ;  and  in  consequence  was  veiy  often 
plundered  by  sharpers.  After  his  father's  decease  he  lost  several 
thousand  pounds.  He  was  made  governor  of  Famham  Castle  for 
.the  king,  which  be  soon  resigned,  and  returned  to  Oxford,  where, 
in  1643,  he  published  "  Cooper's  Hill."  He  was  employed  by 
the  royal  family,  and  in  1648  conveyed  James,  duke  of  York,  into 
Ffance.  At  the  restoration,  he  was  made  surveyor  of  the  kiaig's 
l)uildings,  and  dignified  with  the  order  of  the  Bath.     Oh,  1668. 


SIR  WILLIAM  DAVENANT,  knt,    GreenhiU  p. 
Fait  home  sc.     Before  his  Works,  167S;Jol. 

'    Stti  William  Da VENANT,  nat.  1606  ;  4fo. 

/  Stt"  William  Dayenant,  poet-Iaureat  in  the  reigns  of  Charles  I. 
and  IL  was  a  man  of  great  natural  and  improved  talents,  which  be 
unfortunately  misapplied.  He  distinguished  himself  by  a  bold, 
but  unsuccessful  attempt  to  enlarge  the  sphere  of  poetry.  He 
composed  an  heroic  poem,  called  **  Gondibert,"  in  five  books,  after  i 
the  model  of  the  drama ;  applauded  himself  greatly  upon  this  in« 
vention ;  and  looked  upon  the  followers  of  Homer  as  a  timocomii 
servile  herd,  that  were  afraid  to  leave  the  beaten  track.  This  per- 
Ibrmance,  which  is  rather  a  string  of  epigrams  than  an  epic  poem^ 
was  not  without  its  admirers,  among  whom  were  Waller  and  Cow- 
ley. But  the  success  did  not  answer  his  expectation.  When  the 
novelty  of  it  was  over,  it  presently  sunk  into  contempt ;  and  he  A 
length  found,  that  ¥rhen  he  strayed  from  Homer  be  deviated  from 


OF    ENGLAND.  247 

/  Wtate.    Ob.  7  April,  1668,  Xt.  63.    See  the  leiga  of  Ciiables  I. 

I  Ud  the  ISTEBREGN 


THOMAS  OTWAY.  Lely  p.  Browne;  fi.sk.  viezz. 

Thomas  Otwav.  M.  Beak  p.  Houbrakensc.  1741. 
In  the  possession  of  Gilbert  West,  esq.  Ulust.  Head. 

Thomas  Otway.  L.du  Guerniersc.  12nu).  Before 
his  Works,  1712. 

Thomas  Otwa  y  .  Ha/l  sc.  In  Johnson's  "  Lives  of 
the  Poets." 

No  poet  has  touched  the  passions  with  a  more  masterly  hand 
ttiM  Otway.  He  was  acquainted  witli  all  the  avenues  to  the 
hunan  heart,  and  knew  and  felt  all  its  emotions.  He  could  rouse 
Ii  ioto  rage,  and  melt  ua  into  pity  and  tenderness.  His  language 
I  that  of  nature,  and  consequently  the  simplest  imaginable.  He 
ias  equally  avoided  the  rant  of  Lee,  and  the  pomp  of  Drydep.' 
Hence  it  was  'that  his  tragedies  were  received,  not  with  loud  ap- 
plause,* but  with  tears  of  approbation. f  He  died  in  extreme  po- 
verty, April  14,  1685. 

I       *  Tbe  dutioction  of  JcvuJ  applause  aad  Uars  of  aj^robation,  vts  veli  hit  in  aa  ex- 
i^ellent  epigram  oa  Gariick  and  Barrj-  acting  the  pari  of  Leai,  (he  saioe  tCBHiii  in 


t  Opraj  has  chiefly  canGued  liiioself  to  Ihoae  miierics  of  domealic  life  which 
tScct  the  gcneialily  of  mankind,  mure  than  the  fate  uf  kings  and  heroes.  Arlslotle 
indeed  tella  us.  (hn(  tragedy  thould  haie  what  be  calia  the  MtytiB:,  or  greoMm  i/f 


%  'irrii  <v>  Tpa/iilfii  fii/tK-it  flrpiJiB;  mnaiaias  tal  nliU(,  ^iyiStc  ix"^' — Hi^ 
■vninr,  cap.  iv. 
i  TTiia  tiagedj  was  ncvft  printed. 


248.  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

WILLIAM  WYCHERLY,  M.  28.  Lelyp.  Smith/. 
1703;   h.  sh. 

William  Wycherly,  JSf.  28.  Lelyp.  M.  Vanr 
dergtccht  sc.   Before  his  PlaySy  \2mo. 

William  Wycherly;  in  the  same  plate  with 
Shakspeare,  8gc.  Vertue  sc.  Before  Jacob's  "  Lives  of 
the  Dramatic  Poets  ;"  8vo. 

William  Wycherly  ;  small.  G.  Vandergucht  sc. 
a  head-piece  ;  in  Lord  Lansdown's  Poems. 

The  Earl  of  Hallifax  had  a  portrait  of  him  by  Murray. 

The  comedies  of  Wycherly  are  conformable  to  his  personal  cha- 
racter, which  consisted  of  little  virtue,  much  wit,  and  more  liber- 
tinism. These  were,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  the  first  qualifica- 
tions of  a  fine  gentleman,  and  the  strongest  recommendation  to  thc| 
favour  of  the  court.  The  example  of  the  wit  and  libertine  on  th^ 
throne  was  more  or  less  copied  by  all  the  beaus  and  rakes  in  tba^^ 
kingdom.  His  **  Plain  Dealer,"  and  his  **  Country  Wife,"  arej 
esteemed  the  best  of  his  productions.  The  character  of  the  Widow:  j 
Blackacre,  in  the  former,  is  truly  original,  and  the  masterpiece  ofj 
this  author.*  If  he  had  composed  nothing  but  his  poems,  he  would  J 
have  been  one  of  the  most  neglected  writers  in  the  English  Ian-  - 
guage.  Mr.  Pope  very  generously  undertook  to  correct  them;  but 
his  vanity  was  too  great  to  submit  to  such  castigations  as  were  ne-'  ^ 
cessary  to  do  honour  to  his  reputation.     Ob,  Dec.  1715.  ' 


THOMAS  KILLEGREW,  groom  of  the  bed-chamber  to  Charles 
n.  was  more  admired  for  his  ready  wit  than  his  writings.  He  was 
author  of  eleven  plays,  printed  in  one  volume  fol.  1664,  with  his. 
portrait,  by  Faithorne,  prefixed.     Of  these,  "  The  Parson's  Wed-i 


*  It  has  been  supposed,  with  good  reason,  that  the  character  of  Manly,  in  tho^ 
**  Plain  Dealer,"  was  intended  for  his  own.  If  so,  we  may  reasonably  conclude,  that 
Mr.  Wycherly.  was  much  addicted  to  cursing  and  swearing ;  as  Manly  d — ^ns  both 
his  friends  and  foes.  Be  that  as  it  will,  this  remark  may  serve  as  a  ft^tnre  of  th« 
age  of  Charles  IL 


OF   ENGLAND.  249 

f*  met  with  the  most  general  a(^[Nrobation.  It  is  Temarkable» 
no  women  appeared  upon  the  stage  before  the  restoration,  and 
this  comedy  was  acted  by  women  only/  See  Class  VIII.  see 
the  Intenegnom,  Class  V. 

SIR  ASTON  COCKAIN ;  a  laurelled  bust,  under 
\ch  are  these  lines,  which  Seem  to  have  been  written  by 
tmcis  Kirkman,  the  bookseller,  as^the  sBle  of  his  works, 
okich  it  was  the  frontispiece,'\  was  the  Jirst  thought 
t  occurred  to  the  writer.  It  is  certain  that  the  print 
r  engraved  at  his  expense. 

^^  Come,  reader,  draw  thy  parse,  and  be  a  gaest 
To  our  Parnassus ;  ^  the  Muses'  feast. 
The  entertainment  needs  must  be  divine ; 
Apollcfs  th'  host,  where  Cockahi's  head's  the  s^." 

•.  Wood,  speaking  of  this  head,  justly  observes  that  it 
10  genteel  face.  What  was  genteel  in  it  seems  to  have 
1  lost  under  the  hand  of  an  engraver,  who  could 


Dr.  Percy,  io  his  "  Reliqoes  of  ancient  Poelry/'|  informs  as,  that  (in  the  reign 
barles  L)  parts  in  plays  were  performed  by  "  no  English  actress  on  the  public 
f,  becanse  Piynne  speaks  of  it  as  an  unosoal  enomuty,  that  they  had  French 
en  acton  in  a  play,  not  long  since  personated  in  Blackfriars  plajhoose." 
rate  observed,  with  surprise,  that  women  acted  upon  the  stage  at  Venice.} 
etti  remarked,  in  the  year  1760,  that,  in  Clarendon's  days,  men*s  characters  were 
1  by  women  in  Spain.]  Bat,  in  Sir  Bachard  Wyime's  aeecunt  of  the  journey  of 
ice  Charleys  servants  into  that  country,  in  the  year  1623,  mention  is  made  of  a 
sdy  acted  before  the  king  and  queen,  at  which  the  English  were  present  The 
edians  consisted  of  men  and  women.  "  The  men,"  says  the  author,  **  are  in- 
tent actors ;  but  the  women  are  very  good,  and  become  themselves  far  better 
,  any  that  I  ever  saw  act  those  parts,  and  £u  handsomer  than  any  women  I 

"If 

it  is  before  the  second  edition  of  his  works,  or  rather  the  first  with  a  new  title^ 

the  additional  tragedy  of  Ovid^  1669,  8vo. 


Vol.  I.  p.  140,  2d  edit,  notes. 

"  Crudities,"  p.  247. 

«  Travels,"  vol.  iii.  p.  23. 

See  this  piece,  subjoined  to  « Vita  Ric.  II."  published  by  B 

VOL.  V.  2  K 


262  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

ANDREW  MARVELL,  esq.  octagon.    Before  *i? 
Poems,  i^-c.  1681  ;/o/. 

Andrew  Marvell,  esq.    l2mo.  copied  frm  tk 
above. 

Andrew  Marvell  was  aa  adiuicabk  master  of  ridicule,  nhidi  lit 
exerted  wilh  great  freedom  in  the  cauee  of  liberty  and  virtue.  Be 
never  respected  vice  for  being  dig;nified,  and  dared  in  atta^  it 
wherever  he  found  it,  though  on  the  throne  itself.*  There  nera 
was  a  more  honest  satirist.  His  pen  was  always  properly  direcld, 
and  had  some  effect  upon  such  as  were  under'no  check  or  teslrainl 
from  any  laws  human  ot  divine.  He  haled  conuption  more  tbsu 
he  dreaded  poverty ;  and  was  so  far  from  being  venal,  that  he  could 
not  be  bribed  by  the  king  into  silence,  when  be  scarce  knew  I 
procure  a  dinner.  His  satires  give  us  a  higher  idea  of  bis  p*' 
triotism,  parti),  and  learning,  than  of  his  skill  as  a  poet.  His  poem 
entitled,  "  Flecno,  the  English  priest  at  Rome,"  is  remarkable  foi 
a  humorous  character  of  that  poetaster.  The  name  of  iVlac-Flecoo 
was  afterward  applied  by  Diyden  to  Shadwell.  He  died  the  I61I1 
of  August,  1678,  His  death  was  generally  believed  to  have  beei 
occasioned  by  poison. 


CHARLES  COTTON,  esq.  Lelj/  p. 
From  an  original  painting,  in  the  possession  of  Brooki 
Boothby,  of  Ashburne-hall,  esq.  Before  his  "Lift" 
prefixed  to  an  elegant  and  curious  edition  of  his  "  Co«ir 
plete  Angler"  published  together  with  Isaac  Waltoii'i, 
by  Sir  John  Hawkins,  1670  ;  Sro. 

Charles  Cotton,  esq.  in  an  oval.    W.  Richard 


■  In  some  ot  Ibc  Slate  Poems,  Cbarles  II.  is  ridiculed  onder  iliu  ni> 
Old  Ronley,  nbich  vas  an  ill-favoaied  stnlliOn  kept  in  the  Meuip, 
remariBblc  for  getting  fine  colls.— Mrs.  Holford.  a  joung  lady  niucli  a 
Chulei,  was  aittliig  in  lier  apartment,  and  singing  a  nalirical  ballad  iij 
Bowlej  tlie  King,"  wlien  lie  kuocked  at  her  door.  Upon  bet  asking 
tlicrc^  he,  wilb  bis  usual  good  buDiDOi,  replied,  "  Old  Bowlcy  himscir,  n 


I 


254  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 


"  A  acwiBQaolHCf  wi^ftoa  doit  pwmp 
To  mt^  tramhtiom,  and  tnnshtofstoo 
They  b«t  prewrrc  the  ailmv  Hum  the 
True  to  bis  sense,  bot  tncr  to  his  bmtJ 


His  Terekm  of  tbe  *^  Lnsiad'*  is  not  so  spirited  a  performance  as 
that  of  the  "  Pastor  Fido/'    See  Class  V. 


A.  BROME,  1661;  motto,  ''Carmna  demnt^  A. 
Hertochsf.    Before  his  Songs  and  Poems,  1661 ;  8vo. 

A.  Brome.  Logganf.  two  prints;  one  with  a  band, 
the  other  with  a  neckcloth  ;  Qvo. 

There  is  another,  withotit  the  name  of  the  engraver, 
prefixed  to  the  second  edition  of  his  Poems,  8m.  1664. 

Alexander  Brome,  an  attorney,  in  the  lord  mayor's  court,  was 
aathor  of  songs^  madrigab,  epigrams,  and  other  little  pieces  of 
poetry.  His  songs  were  mnch  song  by  the  cavaliers,  and  played 
by  every  fiddler.  The  loyalty  and  the  tone  appear  to  have  been 
the  chief  recommendation  of  these  compositions.  His  most  con- 
siderable performance  is  a  tranalatioB  of  Horace.  He  died  in  Jane, 
1666,  to  the  great  regret  of  all  his  firiends,  who  lost  a  rerj  agree- 
able companion. 

THOMAS  HOBBES ;  a  small  head;  in  the  en- 
graved title  to  his  translation  of  the  Works  of  Homer, 
1677;  12mo. 


and  pencmifiaition.  In  canto  t.  stnnaa  ST,  &c.  &c.  he  has  personiKd  a  dangerooi 
promontory,  which  is  described  as  a  colossal  figure  of  a  num  of  a  moat  tremendoos 
appearance.  It  b  soppoaed  to  address  itself,  in  a  Toice  like  tfmnder,  to  tiie  adren- 
tureis,  and  to  foretell  the  <iisasters  that  were  to  bcfidl  any  fotue  fleet  which  sbonld 
sail  that  way.  Thb  has  been  much  admired.  Bfr.  Diyden  veiy  jnstly  censores 
him  ficHT  introdiidng  Bacchus'  and  Christ  into  the  same  adrentaie  in  his  £sble.  (Pie- 
fiice  to  the  '*  State  of  Innocence.*^  This  cekhrated  poet,  who  is  the  boast  and 
disgrace  of  his  country,  wm  long  bsnidkd  fronft  it,  and  &d  miaenbly  in  a 
Inepilal. 


OF   ENGLAND.  255 

This  celebrated  person  was  author  of  a  poem>  "  De  Mirabilibus 
cci,"  on  the  Wonders  of  the  Peak,  which  is  the  best  of  his  poetical 
rformances.  He  has  given  us  a  translation  of  Homer,  which 
Qitains  no  more  of  the  spirit  of  that  great  poet»  thtm  the  old^ 
pidy  Latin  translation  commonly  afiSxed  to  his  works*  See  more 
him  lower  down  in  this  Class. 


JACOBUS  ALBANUS  GHIBBESIUS,  &c.  Before 
^  Latin  Poems,  printed  at  Home^  1668  ;  8vo.  Under 
e  head  is  the  following  distich  : 

"  Tot  pro  Ghibbesio  certabunt  regna,  quot  urbes 
Civem  Mseoniden  asseruere  suiim." 

James  Alban  Ghibbes,  or  Gibbes,  was  son  of  William  Gibbes, 
lysician  to  Queen  Henrietta  Maria,  and  Mrs.  Mary  Stoner,  of  the 
icient  family  of  that  name  in  Oxfordshire.*  He  was  bem  in 
ranee,  where  he  received  the  greatest  part  of  his  education.  He 
terward  studied  physic  at  Padua.  In  1644  he  settled  at  Rome, 
here  he  was  made  physician  to  the  Bishop  of  Frescati ;  lecturer 
'rhetoric,  in  the  Sapienza;  and  canon  of  St.  Celsus.  In  1667, 
le  Emperor  Leopold  created  him  his  poet-laureat,  and  at  the 
Line  time  sent  him  a  gold  chain  and  medal,  which  he  sooti  after 
'esented  to  the  university  of  Oxford,  together  with  his  poems. 
e  was,  in  return,  created  doctor  of  physic  by  diploma^.  I}e  died  1670. 
I  1677,  and  was  buried  in  the  Pantheon.  He  wrote  and  pub- 
shed  an  epithalamium  upon  the  Duke  of  York  and  Dutchess  of 
ispruck,  though  the  marriage  was  never  concluded :  it  consisted 
f  some  thousands  of  verses,  together  with  an  ample  comment. 
[r.  Warton  ranks  him  with  Camillo  Querno,  the  arch -poet.  See 
Wharton's  "  Life  of  Dr.  Bathurst.*'t  See  also  Wood's  «  Athenee,' 
:c. 


t» 


*  The  estate  belonging  to  this  family,  formerly  extended  from,  Watlington,  in 

xfordshire,  almost  as  far  as  bea^g,  in  Berkshire. 

t  This  ingenious  poet  vrrote  a  piece  of  solemn  irony  in  praise  of  Gibbes,  of  ivrhich 

iball  transcribe  a  specimen  from  the  book  last  qaoted.    *'  Carmen  in  honor*  viri 

leberrimi,  et  prineipis  poetarum,  domini  doctoru  Gitibesii ;  cum  diploma  a  Caesarea 

Restate  nbi  ex  mento  concessom,  SBtemitati  in'masarum  templo  Oxonii  con- 

crasset. 


256  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORV 

THOMAS  FLATMAN.    HayU  p.    R.   White  sc. 
Before  his  "  Soiigs  and  Poems"  1682  ;  8w. 

ThomHB  Flatman  was  one  of  the  unsuccessful  imitators  of  Pindu, 
or  rather  of  Cowley,  in  a  species  of  poetry  which  pleased  mote  fwm 
its  novelty,  than  its  excellence, '  in  that  celebrated  writer.  He 
composed  Pindaric  odes  on  the  death  of  the  Duke  of  Albemaile, 
the  Earl  of  Ossory,  Prince  Rupert,  and  Charles  II.  The  Duke  of 
Onnond  was  so  pleased  with  that  on  dte  death  of  the  Eari  of 
Ossory,  his  son,  that  he  seat'ttie  aotbor  a  ring,  with  a  diamosd 
in  it,  worth  100/.  It  i*  no  wondn  tiM  the  heart  of  a  Ma, 
softened  by  the  deatli  of  such  a  son,  felt  something  in  reading  tlu 
composition  which  au  indifferent  person  cannot  even  imag^ ;  aid 
mistook  the  natural  working  of  his  own  breast,  for  the  art  of  the 
poet.  Flatman  really  excelled  as  an  artist :  a  man  must  want  can 
'  for  harmony,  that  can  admire  his  poetry,  and  even  want  eyes  thai 
can  cease  to  admire  his  painting.  It  does  our  author  some  honoar, 
that  Mr.  Pope  has  very  closely  copied  several  of  his  verses,  in  bis 
ode  of  "  The  dying  Christian  to  his  Soul."*  See  the  Claw  o( 
Artists. 


JOHANNES  OGILVIUS.     Leli,  p.    LoinbaTl  sc. 
large  h.  sh.  ■  .■' :  -...•    .■  .  ■ ' 

Johannes  Ogilvius.    Lely  p.  Faithome  sc.    Be- 
fore his  translation  of"  Virgil;"  folio.  " 


••  Oionium,  gratare  (ibi,  nunc  Isia  theslri 
Limina,  Sheldomasque  arces  Gibbesius  intrnt: 
Ceme  ut  ApalliDea  rcdlmilut  tempoia  tamo 
Efiiadit  Jubar,  et  Fhicbi  patris  ^mulus  udet ; 
Cerne  rculdentea  vultua,  vatemque  Brituinam 
Cmsareo  ratilaiileuD  auio  i  non  digniof  unquani 
In  PloteoSj  Bodt£ie,  tuos  acceascrat  bospea. 
Pande  fores,  nee  enim  tuid  tibi  barbara  gaa, 
Tlmauriqae  ATobum  fueiiat,  non  Lydiui  aniab, 
Auriferi  non  nada  Tugi,"  He. 

•  See  Ihe  "  AdTenlurer,"  No.  63. 


TMOMAS  FX-ATMA^. 


■irkidat  liuAaJi'rctl,0af/lgS4J^^^iuA^i!'t./M^Stri-iJ.'«vCrT  Sq/t^rc. 


li 


li 
■.\\ 

<■¥ 
•1 

■' 
!  I 


i.1i 


'I 


OF    ENGLAND.  257 

JOHN   OGILBY;  frontispiece  to  his    ''  Virgii;' 
1649;  8w.    W.  Marshall. 

.  John  Ogilby;  prefixed  to  **  Fables  of  JEsop,''  %vo. 
(Gaywood.) 

Though  Ogilby  was  one  of  the  worst  poets  of  his  time,  he  was 
without  a  rival  in  point  of  industry.    This  virtue  alone,  if  he  had 
W  no  other  merit,  would  entitle  him  to  some  respect.    He  began 
to  study  at  an  age  when  men  usually  think  of  leaving  off  all  literary 
pursuits;  and  quickly  made  an  astonishing  progress.    He  could 
scarce  construe  Virgil,  when  he  entered  upon  a  translation  of  that 
poet ;  and  he  was  no  less  eager  to  translate  Homer,  thobgh  he  was 
iar  from  being  a  competent  master  of  English  or  Greek.*    That  he 
had  no  Recess  in  these  great  attempts  is  not  to  be  admired ;  the 
attempts  themselves  are  matter  of  admiration.   I  shall  pass  over  his 
^  Esop's  Fables,*'  and  several  other  folios  which  he  published,  to 
mention  his  '^  Carolies^'^t  an  heroic  poem  in  twelve  books,  in  honour 
of  Charles  I.  on  which  he  had  been  long  labouring.    This,  which  he 
tells  us,  he  had  '*  resolved  to  be  the  pride,  divertisement,  business,, 
and  sole  comfort  of  his  age,"t  was  burnt  in  the  fire  of  London. 
His  fortune  was  reduced,  by  that  conflagration,  to  5/.  only;  but  he, 
in  a  few  years  retrieved  his  loss,  by  undertaking  and  finishing  se- 
veral voluminous  works.    His  last  and  greatest  undertaking  was 
bis  *\  Atlas,"  which  w^s  alone  a  sufficient  task  for  a  man's  life. 
Three  or  four  volumes,  in  folio,  have  been  published  of  this  work, 
irhich  he  did  not  live  to  finish.     It  is  well  known  that  he  was  em- 
ployed by  Charles  H.  to  take  a  survey  of  the  roads  of  the  kingdom ; 
and  I  have  been  informed,  that  the  posts  were  regulated  according 
to  that  survey.     Oh.  4  Sept.  1676. 


•  Mr.  Pope,  when  a  child,  read  Ogilby*8  "  Homer"  with  a  pleasure  that  left  the 
moat  lasting  impression  upon  his  mind.  He  could,  even  at  that  tender  age,  discern 
much  of  the  majesty  of  the  Grecian  poet,  through  the  thick  clouds  with  which  he 
was  involved.  What  is  truly  great,  or  sublime,  in  painting  or  poetrj,  cannot  easily 
be  annihilated  by  a  copy  or  a  translation.  If  a  common  sign  painter,  were  to  copy 
Raphael's  celebrated  picture  of  St  Michael  the  archangel,  there  is  no  quesUon  but 
be  would  make  a  devil  of  him ;  but  we  should  still  see  some  imperfect  traces  of  the 
angelic  character. 

t  Wood,  by  mistake,  calls  it  Carolics. 

X  Frehce  to  his  "  Africa  :**  where  there  is  an  entertaining  account  of  his  works  by 
himsielL  He  exults  upon  hb  having  published  so  many  royal  folios  with  beautiful  cuts* 

vol*.  V.  2  L 


258  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

^  MATTHEW  STEVENSON. 

"  The  printer's  profit,  not  my  pride. 
Hath  this  idea  signify'd ; 
Foi  he  pushed  oiit  the  merie  pay. 
And  Hr.  Oaywood  made  it  gay." 

R,  Gc^fwoodf, 
Matthev  Stkvewsow.  W.  JRichardson. 

Hfttthew  Sterensan  w&i  author  Of  tmo  amtU  books  of  poeiA* 
daodecimo,  the  fint  of  which  wa«  atititle^,  "  Occahoh's  ^ 
■PRIKB,  or  Poemi  apon  several  Occadons,"  prtnKd  in  Ui>^ 
1645,withhispor»aitprefixed..  The  othei  is  entidsd,  "  Po^ 
or,  a  MitcellRny  of  Sonnets,  Satyn,  Divttery,  PancfiyBcl^  El^ 
ftc.  at  the  inatanoe  and  reqnert  of  eeveral  Friends,  Time^ 
Ocoaiions  compoaed ;  and  nOir  at  their  command  eollecteC= 
eoiQinitted  to  the  Press,  by  the  authoi,  M.  StevenBOn,  Lo  ^ 
167S.'' 

SAMUEL  SPEED.  F.Van  H(mf.l%nid. 

WItat  here  ikm  viemetl  U  the  grd/oa^aiortti 
A  »ha^  of  man',  otify  the  oittmtrdfart,  - 
Pentte  the  b^,  tha^morepiaiiJgjtni 
Vera  Effioixb  BamueUb  Svui>. 

Samuel  Speed  studied  ihe  works  of  H«ri>ert  and  Quarles,  « 
hooks  are  represented  in  the  lame  print  with  his  portrait.  F 
only  inferior  to  the  latter  in  point  of  copiousness.  He  waf,  ^ 
Other  tbin^i  author  of  a  toanual,  m  verse,  entitled,  "  Prison  -^ 


RICHARD  HEAP,  »itikig  anS  ^ttitig,  with  - 
J  before  him,- and  a  fktyr  holding  a  ch^ld'(tf  laur~^ 

I  .  Aw  Aearf.;  Beneath  "are '  sh.'  veriesi'f^'^egloli^^ 

if  study ^  ^c,  signed  J.  F.  Suo.     .    .        .    '.. 

Richard  Head  ;  Svo.  brfore  his  "Jests." 


M  ath  e  wS  tcvenson 

The  printeri  proJfA    not  ftiyfrili 

hath  thU  ^aea-Jixyify  'd. 
FvT  kt  Pu^ktout  thtTaefriepdy 


A^Ut**^  fy  W  ReAa>V*Bn   Ouot  sf Luatltr  fiU^ ■ 


*  ■ 


OF    ENGLAND.  259 

Richard  Head;  iw  Cauljieldts  **  Remarkable  Per- 


somP 


Richard  Head,  an  Irishman,  was  some  time  a  member  of  the 
university  of  Oxford,  whence  he  was  taken  for  want  of  a  compe- 
tent maintenance,  and  bound  apprentice  to  a  bookseller  in  Lon- 
don.   He  was  afterward  partner  m  trade  with  Francis  Kirkman,  of 
the  same  occupation ;  but  neglecting  his  business  in  pursuit  of 
pleasure,  he,  to  avoid  his  creditors,  returned  to  his  native  country, 
where  he  wrote  '^  Hie  et  ubique,  or  the  Humours  of  Dublin,  a 
Comedy,"  which  was  privately  acted  in  that  city  with  applause,  and 
printed  at  London,  1663.     He  again  entered  into  partnership  with 
Kirkman,  and  was  sometimes  assisted  by  him  in  writing  books  for 
their  mutual  support ;  particularly  in  '^  The  English  Rogue."     His 
next  considerable  work  is  his  '*  Proteus  Redivivus,  or  the  Art  of 
Wheedling  or  Insinuation."    In  1674,  he  published  "  Jackson's 
Recantation,  or  the  Life  and  Death  of  the  notorious  Highwayman, 
who  was  hanged  in  Chains  at  Hampsted;"  and,  in  1678,  ^'  Madam 
Wheedle,  or  the  fashionable  Miss  discovered,"  which  are  in  8vo. 
He  also  published  *^  Yenus's  Cabinet  unlocked,"  and  "  The  floating 
Island,  or  a  Voyage  from  Lambethiana  to  Ramalia."*    A  book  of 
jests  and  novels,  entitled,  ''  Nugce  Venales,"  which  would  have 
served  for  a  general  title  to  his  works.     Roguery,  fornication,  and 
cuckoldom,  were  the  standing  topics  of  this  author,  who  was  per- 
suaded that  his  books  would  sell  in  proportion  to  the  prevalency  of 
these  vices.    He  was  of  a  lively  genius,  and  had  considerable  know- 
ledge in  the  scenes  of  low  life  and  debauchery.    Some  of  his  pieces 
will  naturally  remind  the  reader  of  "  The  London  Spy,"  and  the 
**  Trips'*  of  Ned  Ward.     He  was  cast  away  in  his  passage  to  the 
Isle  of  Wight,  in  the  year  1678. 


FRANCIS  KIRKMAN,  M.  41,  1673;  Svo. 

Francis  Kirkman,  citizen  of  London,  was  a  bookseller  and  author. 
He  twice  entered  into  partnership  with  Richard  Head,  and  was 
assisted  by  him  in  writing  and  publishing  plays,  farces,  and  drolls. 
He  is  said  to  have  dealt  as  largely  in  drollery  of  various  kinds,  as 


*  From  Lambeth  to  Ram  Alley. 


260  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

Curl  did  in  obscenity  and  scandal.  He  has  given  ns  memoirs  of  his 
own  life,  and  probably  led  the  way  for  John  Dunton.  He  also 
published  **  The  Wits,  or  Sports  upon  Sports,"  to  which  is  pre- 
fixed his  head.  The  book  consists  of  twenty  drolls,  chiefly  selected 
from  the  comic  scenes  in  Shakspeare's  plays,  intended  for  fairs.  A 
list  of  them  is  in  Baker's  ^*  Biographia  Dramatica." 


SIR  HENRY  OXENDEN  DE  BARHAM,  (knt) 

Glover  sc.  a  small  headj  amu  and  crest^  motto,  "  Nm 
est  mortale  quod  opto,'^  1647 . 

Sir  Henry  Qxenden;   W.  Richardson. 

I  am  informed,  that  this  gentleipan  was  author  of  **  Religioms 
Funus/'  a  Latiik poem,  published  ioi:  1664,  with  his  print  prefixed. 
He  wfb  great-grandfather  to  Henry  02!CeDdeu,.«|pq.  who  was  living  in 
1775,  and  with  Mr.  Thiirbame»  waa:  deejt^^r  representative  for 
Sandwich  in  the  conrentioii.i^arUament'tbl^/flvaembled  in  1660. 

In  Alexander  Ross's-^f  Mtiiiif' Ix^tptp^  are  two  commends* 
tory  copies  of  verses,  by  Sir  Henry  yxftiidJ^f  o  Barham. 

Great  Alexandisr  conquered  only  men, 
With  twords,  and  cruel  weapmu  used  then, 
Buttbon the  M(in$t§n,  which  Parnassus  l^iUf 
Brought  forth  vast  vanquishes  only  witl^thj  quiil ; 
He  in  his  conquest  sometimes  suffered  loss. 
Thou  none,  my  friendi  Great  Alexander  ^oas. 


POETESSES. 

MRS.  BEHN.    R.  White  sc.  12mo.     This  has  been 
copied  by  Cole. 

Aphara  Behn,  a  celebrated  wit,  was  daughter  of  Mr.  Johnson,  a 
gentleman  of  Canterbury,  who,  in  this  reign,  resided  at  Surinam,  in 
the  quality  of  lieutenant-general  of  that  place.  Here  she  became 
acquainted  with  the  person  and  adventures  of  Oroonoko,  whose 
story  is  well  told  by  herself,  but  more  feelingly  in  Southeme*s  cele- 


Non  en.  mortale:   qti'dd  oplo 


fMMSt'ulMh'^'-^-^'''^"'"'"™^ 


OF    ENGLAND.  261 

l^r«ted  play/  She  gave  Charles  II.  so  good  an  account  of  that 
BDlony,  that  he  sent  her  to  Antwerp  during  the  Dutch  war. 
she  entered,  with  her  usual  spirit,  into  various  intrigues  of 
jBuid  politics.  She  penetrated  the  design  of  the  Dutch  to  sail 
'the  Thames,  and  transmitted  her  intelligence  to  the  king.  But 
slighted,  and  even  laughed  at.  Her  plays,  which  are  nume- 
ILbound  with  obscenity ;  and  her  ngvels  are  little  better.  Mr. 
speaks  thus  of  her: 


« 


f> 


The  stage  how  loosely  does  Astnea  tread. 
Who  fiuriy  puts  aU  characters  to  bed  !" 

poet  mean's  behind  the  scenes.  There  is  no  doubt  but  she  would 
MLTe  literally  put  them  to  bed  before  the  spectators ;  but  here  she 
wlw  restrained  by  the  laws  of  the  drama,  not  by  her  own  delicacy, 
or  the  manners  of  the  age.  Sir  Richard  Steele  tells  us,  that  she 
^  nnclcratood  the  practic  part  of  love  better  than  the  speculative. 
Ofr.  16  April,  1689. 


MARGARET,  dutchess  of  Newcastle,  without  her 
name,  standing  in  a  niche;  a  term  of  Mars  on  her  right 
hand,  and  another  of  Apollo  on  her  left.    Ahr.  a  Die- 

/penbeke  iklin.  P.  Van  Schuppen  sc.  Before  her  "  Plays^"^ 

Jbl.  1668. 

i 

Margaret,  dutchess  of  Newcastle ;  sitting  at  her 

stwbf,  under  a  canopy :  she  is  attended  by  four  Cupids, 

f'ttpo  of  whom  are  crowning  her  with  a  wreath  of  laurel. 

■  Sy  the  same  painter  and  engraver  as  the  former;  h. 

[  sheet. 

*      Margaret,   dutchess  of  Newcastle,   sitting  with 

fiofuoers  in  her  lap,  under  a  bust  of  Homer,  over  which 

is  the  Judgment  of  Paris.  Diepenbeke.  Lombart ;  folio. 


*  The  tragedy  of  Oroonoko  was  republished,  with  alterations,  in  1759,  by  Dr. 
Hawkeswortb,  without  his  name. 


262  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Margaret,  dutchess  of  Newcastle,  sitting  at  kr 
study,  W.  Richardson. 

Dutchess  of  Newcastle.  Bocquet  sc.  In^^Mc- 
nwirs  of  Grammont,''  Svo.  1 809. 

Margaret,^  dutchess  of  Newcastle,  sittir^  in  n 
chair.     In  *'  Noble  Autho7*s,''  by  Mr.  Park,  1806. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  her  at  Welbeck,  by  Diepenbec  (alias  Die- 
penbeke),  in  a  theatrical  habit,  which  she  usually  wore. 

This  lady  was  daughter  of  Thomas  Lucas,  esq.  and  sister  of  Sir 
John,  afterward  the  first  lord  Lucas,*  and  second  wife  of  William 


*  There  is  a  very  scarce  folio  volume  of  '*  Letters  and  Poems*"  printed  in  1678. 
It  consists  of  182  pages,  filled  with  the  grossest  and  most  fulsome  panegyric  on  the 
Duke  and  Dutchess  of  Newcastle,  especially  her  grace.f  I  know  no  flattery,  ancient 
or  modem,  that  is  in  any  degree,  comparable  to  it,  except  the  deification  of  Aagas- 
tus,  and  the  erection  of  altars  to  him  in  his  lifetime.^  Incense  and  adoration  seem 
to  have  been  equally  acceptable  to  the  Roman  god  and  Snglish  goddess.  This  is 
part  of  a  letter  of  thanks  sent  to  the  dutchess  by  Anthony  Tbysius^  rector  of  the 
univer^ty  of  Leyden,  upon  the  receipt  of  her  works,  which  she  sent  to  the  public 
library.  **  Princeps  fcemlnini  sexus  merito  diceris.  Abripitur  faecunda  tua  erudi- 
tio,  per  cqbIos,  terras,  roaria,  et  quicquid  in  natura  vel  civili  vita,  ullove  scientianim 
genere  nobile  occurrit.  Ipsa  Pallas  academiae  nostrs  praeses  ttbi  assurgit,  gratiasque 
immensas  pro  vestro  munere  agit,  et  cum  imaginem  vestram  aspicit,  seipsam,  veloti 
in  speculo,  intueri  videtur." 

The  followiug  passages  came  from  Cambridge. — **  Nondura  (quod  scimus),  anna* 
libus  excid^re,  neque  certe  per  nos  unquam  excident,  erudita  nomina,  Aspma  Pt- 
ridf'it  Odenati  Cenobiot  Polla  Lucani,  Boethii  Rustitiana  ;  qute  tamen,  si  reviviscerent 
hodie,  adeo  tecum  (inclyta  dux)  de  eruditionis  palma  non  contenderent,  at  fams 
tus  potius  ancillantes,  solam  Margaretam  consummatissimam  principem  et  agnos* 

Cerent  et  potito  genu  certatim  adorarent.j In  anctiorem  nominis  vestri  famam  op- 

tamus  testatioresque  virtutes  tuas,  ut  tot  tamque  erudita  opera,  tali  aliquando  idio* 
mate  exeant,  quali  inter  Romanes,  Tullium  et  Maronem  ;  inter  GraioSf  Platonm  ^ 
Demosthenenif  legimus  et  miramur.\\  Omnem  illam  fortunae  magnitudinem  imroortalis 
ingenii  felicitate  ita  superas,  ut  quae  versare  solemus  exemplaria  Oracd  Lattfuifi" 


( 


t  1  never  saw  this  book  but  in  the  well-chosen  and  copious  library  of  John  Ii>ve- 
day,  of  Cavershara,  esq.  and  have  therefore  given  the  reader  a  large  extract  from  it 

t  Fraesenti  tibi  maturos  largimurhonores, 
Jurandasque  tuum  per  nomen  ponimus  aras. 

Hon.  Lib.  IL  Epist.  I. 
§  P.  3.  II  P.  9. 


OF   ENGLAND.  '  263 

Cavendish,  duke  of  Newcastle.  If  her  merit  as  an  author  were  to 
be  estimated  from  the  quantity  of  her  works,  she  would  have  the 
precedence  of  all  female  writers,  ancient  or  modern.  There  are  no 
less  than  thirteen  folios  of  her  writing;  tea  of  which  are  vsk  print: 
they  consist  chiefly  of  poems  and  plays.  The  life  of  the  duke  her 
husband,  is  the  most  estimable  of  her  productions.  This  has  been 
translated  into  Latin.  James  Bristow^  of  Corpus  Christi  College, 
in  Oxford,  undertook  to  translate  a  volume  of  her  philosophical 
works  into  the  same  language ;  but  he  was  soon  forced  to  delist 
from  the  undertaking.  Such  was  the  obscurity  and  perplexity  of 
the  subject,  that  he  could  hot  find  words  where  he  had  no  ideas* 
We  are  greatly  surprised  that  a  lady  of  her  quality  should  have 
written  so  much;  and  are  little  less  surprised  that  one  who  loved 
writing  so  well,  has  writ  no  better :  but  what  is  most  to  be  won- 
dered at,  is,  that  she,  who  found  so  much  time  for  writing,. could 
acquit  herself  in  the  several  duties  and  relations  of  life  with  so 
much  propriety.     Oh,  1673. 


missa  jam  facerci  et  toa  anius  sapientia  contenti  esse  possiraus.  Quoties  enira  in 
pliil«8ophiai6  secedis,  sola '  magistri  nuUius  in'  verba  juras/  sed  in  orani  doctonim 
famUia  laborans,  et  sabtilitev  expendis,  et  acute  discernis,  ct  ad  unguem  castigas^ 
qnicqaid  i^ut  risit  Vemocritut,  ant  flevit  Heraclitiu,  aut  deliravit  Epwurus,  aut  tacuit 
Pffthagaras,  aut  intellexit  AristoteUs,  aut  ignoravlt  Arcesitas ;  nee  omittis  siquid  ma- 
joram   inventis   addid^re  novi  homines,   VertilamiuSf  Harvaus,    CartesitiSf  Gali" 

I  shall  finish  the  climax  with  another  passage  addressed  on  the  same  occasion^  to 
her  grace,  from  Oxford  :  **  We  have  a  manuscript  author  in  the  Bod  lie's  library, 
who  endeavours  to  shew  that  women  excel  men :  your  excellency  has  proved  what 
he  proposed,  has  done  what  he  endeavoured,  and  given  a  demonstrative  argument  to 
convince  the  othertoise  unbelieving  world**^f 

However  strange  it  may  seem,  yet  nothing  is  more  certain  than  that  these  mon- 
stroas  strains  of  panegyric  relate  chiefly  to  that  wild  philosophy  which  would  have 
puzzled  the  whole  Royal  Society,  and  on  account  of  which  she  seems  to  have  been 
desifOQS  of  being  admitted  to  one  of  their  meetings.^ 

•  P.  28,  29.  t  P.  69. 

I  She  accordingly  was  admitted,  as  appears  from  Biit:h's  "  Hbtory  of  the  Royal 
Society."  See  vol.  ii.  p.  175, 176, 177.  See  also  what  Mr.  £velyn  says  of  her  in 
his  "  Numisnata,"  p.  265. 


264  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


MISCELLANEOUS    AUTHORS. 
WRITERS  IN  DIVINITY. 

EDWARD  LEIGH,  esq.  M.  A.  of  Magdalen 
Hall,  in  Oxford;  M.  60,  1662.  J.  Chantry  sc.  h.sh. 
See  the  Int£RR£GNum. 


99 


Edward  Leigh,  M.  A.  in  the  "  Oxford  Almanack^ 
1749. 


SIR  WILLIAM  WALLER,  knt.  Ob.  Sept.  19, 
1669 ;  N.  Yeates  sc.  Sw. 

Sir  William  Waller,  the  parliament  general,  was  author  of  a. 
book  of  '^  Divine  Meditations/'  which  was  published  after  his  de- 
cease, with  his  head  prefixed.  See  the  Class  of  Soldiers  m  the 
reign  of  Charles  I. 


HISTORIANS. 

EDWARD,  earl  of  Clarendon,  &c.  M.  Burghers  sc. 
Before  his  "  History  of  the  Rebellion ;"  Svo. 

Lord  Clarendon  had  all  that  knowledge  of  his  subject,  that 
strength  of  head,  as  well  as  integrity  of  heart,  which  are  essential 
to  a  good  historian.  He  has  been,  in  some  instances,  accused  of 
partiality ;  but  this  proceeded  from  an  amiable,  perhaps  an  invin- 
cible cause ;  the  warmth  of  his  loyalty  and  friendship.  He  particu. 
larly  excels  in  characters,  which,  if  drawn  with  precision  and  ele- 
gance, are  as  difficult  to  the  writersy  as  they  are  agreeable  to  the 
readers  of  history.     He  is,  in  this  particular,  as  unrivalled  among 


OF    ENGLAND.  265 

itxIeniB,  M  TtcitUB  it  among  the  ancients.     They  both  saw 

nice  diBtiiicttoiu,  and  specific  differences  in  human  nature, 

lick  are  Tisible  only  to  the  safacious.    He  painti  himself,  in 

Lwing  the  portraits  of  others  ;  and  we  every  where  see  the  clear 

exact  comprehension,  the  uncommon  learning;,  the  dignity 

id  equity  of  the  lord -chau  cell  or,  in  his  character  as  a  writer.     It 

lFS  from  the  memoirs  of  his  own  life,  that  he  liad  all  the  virtae 

i  and  it  is  no  less  evident  that  he  had  something  of  his 

and  severity.  His  styie  is  rather  careless  than  laboured.* 

Is  are  long,  and  frequently  embarrassed  and  perplexed 

pareatheses.     Hence  it  is,  that  he  is  one  of  the  most  difficult 

all  authors  to  bo  read  with  an   audible  voice.f     Ob,  9  Dec 

^4,T     See  Class  VI, 


'"1  = 


STRODUS  WHITELOCK,  &c.  R.  Gpywood 

f  8wo. 

"fiuLSTRODUs  Whitelock,  &c.   HulsbcTgh  sc.  Svo. 

'.  3iilHtradG  Whitelock,  who  was  equally  eminent  for  capacity  and 
*e^Ey>  deserveti  a  distinguished  place  among  the  Writers  of  £ng- 
f  Ustory.    He  had  a  ^eat  share  in  those  transactions  of  which 
>  given  us  an  account;  aud  is,  in  point  of  impartiality,  at 

l^'HianijU  Ten;,  canoo  of  Chriat  Church,  then  M.A.  luperiDteaded  ihe 
in  (his  boolE  was  printed,  and  wa>  •  Itiing  vitoesi  of  its  being  faithfully 
_  D  Lord  ClarGDdaa'i  M8S.  Oldmiuni'i  Calumn;  ii  abaDdantl;  refuted 
p  Allcsrbur;  and  Doctor  John  Sarton.— Attarbarj  aad  Sm^ilridge  had  left 
Mlieii  Hic  Ixiuk  was  piinted.  The  copj  of  thli  book  wu  veiled  in  the  nni- 
|f  Oxford,  but  not  by  tlie  author's  wiU. 
tl  of  the  biitoiies  of  tfaji  age  h»e  ■  peculiar  oieril,  as  the  authon  vers 
n  and  soScrers^in  Ibafe  intcreitiog  acene)  which  they  have  eihibiled  la 

B  leeand  Tolume  of  the  "  State  Papers,"  of  Lord -chancellor  Clarendos, 
'  ~  '  "s  a  letter  addreiwd  to  Dr.  GUbert  Sheldon,  from  Sir  Edward 
'  in  oil  Ilie  digoily  of  retirement  in  the  itland  of  Jene;.||  Ue 
Kihu  friend,  "  Tbal  jou  ma;  not  Ibink  I  am  idle,  I  haia  lead  over  Ijvj  and 
HadbU,  and  almost  Tally's  norks ;  and  ha>e  vritlen,  aince  I  came  into  thi*  blessed 
ids,  Dcai  MO  large  ilieeti  of  paper  in  ibis  delicate  hand."  Hii  reading  the  chuslc 
■athori  wai  evidently  with  a  view  of  improving  his  alyle. 

(1773. 


266  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

least  equal,  if  not  superior,  to  Lord  Clarendon  himself^     He  was  a 
man  of  a  clear  and  cool  head,  yet  zealous  in  the  cause  which  he 
espoused :  but  he  was  very  rarely  misled  by  his  affections,  and  wa» 
never  known  to  be  transported  to  bigotry.     Oldmixon,  who  stands 
at  the  head  of  infamous  historians,  has  drawn  a  comparison  between 
Whitelock  and  Clarendon  *  Ob.  28  July,  1675.+     See  the  Ihtm- 

REGNUM,  Class  VI. 


JOHN  RUSHWORTH,  esq.  R.  White  sc.  Befon 
his  ^*  Historical  Collections ;"  folio. 

John  Rushworth  was  bred  to  the  law,  but  neglected  that  pro- 
fession, and  appUed  himself  with  great-  assiduity  to  state  afiain. 
He  was  not  only  an  eye  and  ear- witness,  but  a  considerable  agent 
in  some  of  the  most  important  transactions  during  the  civil  war. 
His  **  Historical  Collections"  are  a  work  of  great  labour:  but  he 
did  not  only  employ  his  industry  to  collect  facts^  but  also  to  con- 
ceal and  disguise  them.  His  books  are  very  useful  to  the  readerSf 
as  well  as  writers  of  our  history ;  but  they  must  be  read  with  ex- 
treme caution.  It  is  an  unhappy  circumstance  for  a  historian  to 
write  under  the  influence  of  such  as  cannot  bear  the  truth.  Rush- 
worth's  compilation  was  carried  on  under  the  eye,  and  submitted 
to  the  correction,  of  Cromwell.  Hence  it  is,  that  he  has  onaitted 
whatever  could  give  offence,  and  inserted  whatever  would  be 
agreeable  to  his  patron.^     Ob,  12  May,  1690. 

*  There  is  an  anonymous  pamphlet  well  worth  the  reader's  notice,  entitled, 
"  Clarendon  and  Whitelock  farther  compared.''  It  was  written  by  Mr.  John  Davjs, 
sometime  of  Hart  Hall,  now  Hartford  College,  in  Oxford. 

t  It  should  be  observed,  that  Whitelock's  **  Memorials"  are  his  Diary,  and  tbt 
he  occasionally  entered /acts  in  it  when  they  came  to  his  knowledge ;  but  not  always 
on  those  days  in  which  they  were  transacted.  This  has  led  his  readers  into  some 
anachronisms.  The  "  Memorials''  would  have  been  much  more  valuable,  if  bis  ynk 
]iad  not  burnt  many  of  his  papers.^ 

X  It  is  said,  that  Rushworlh  "  supplied  himself  plentifully"  from  the  grand  coUec* 
tion  of  pamphlets  made  by  Tomlinsou  the  bookseller,  which  commenced  from  the 
latter  end  of  the  year  1640,  and  was  carried  down  to  the  restoration.  They  wen 
uniformly  bound  in  upwards  of  2000  volumes,  of  different  sizes,  and  consisted  of 
about  50,000  tracts.  Tomlinson  is  said  to  have  refused  4000/.  for  this  collectioD. 
William  Prynne  had  by  far  the  greatest  hand  in  these  pamphlets,  having  writteD 
above  160  of  them  himself.  Near  100  were  written  by  and  concerning  John 
■  ■  ■         ■■(_«'>.  .  ■      - — 

§  Sec  Echa«P»  "  Hbtory  of  England,"  p.  922. 


OF    ENGLAND.  267 

SIR  PHIUP  WARWICK,  kn*.  P.Lelyp.  R.White 
sc.  Before  his  ^^  Memoirs  "  1701 ;  8vo. 

Sir  Philip  Warwick  ;  a  small  oval,  in  the  *^  Gen- 
tleman's Magazine,''  1790;  from  a  miniature  in  the 
possession  of  Edmund  Tumor,  esq. 

Sir  Philip  Warwick  was  son  of  Thomas  Warwick,  organist  of 
St.  Peter's,  Westminster,  of  which  church  the  former  was  some 
time  a  chorister.     He  was  educated  at  Eton  school,  and  finished 
his  studies  at  Geneva,  under  the  care  of  Diodati,  well  known  for 
his  Commentaries  on  the  Scriptures.    He  had  much  the  same  ad- 
vantages of  knowledge,  and  was  witness  of  many  of  the  same 
facts,  with  the  historians  before-mentioned ;  and  ^yields  to  none  of 
them  in  candour  and  integrity.     He  served  the  worthy  Earl  of 
Southampton  in  the  office  of  secretary  to  the  treasury ;  an  employ- 
ment which  he  had  enjoyed  in  the  former  reign.     He  acquitted 
himself  in  this  office  with  such  abilities  as  did  honour  to  them  both : 
bot  the  Carl's  enemies  insinuated,  that  all  the  honour  was  due  to  the 
secretary,  and  usually  called  him,  "  Sir  Philip  the  Treasurer."^ 
The  most  considerable  of  his  works  is  his  "  Memoirs,  or  Reflecr 
turns  upon  the  Reign  of  King  Charles  I.''    This  book  was  pub- 
lished by  Dr.  Thomas  Smith,*  the  learned  writer  concerning  the 
Greek  church.    But  the  doctor's  preface,  of  some  pages,  having 
been  not  altogether  pleasing  to  the  administration  at  that  time,  it 
has  been  suffered  to  stand  in  very  few  copies.     He  died  the  15th 
of  January,  1682. 


Iilbiime.t  More  scurrility,  cant,  and  falsehood,  were  published  at  this  period, 
Aan  in  any  other  of  the  same  duration,  in  any  age  or  country;  so  that  the  whole 
eollectlon,  if  now  in  being,  would  be  but  of  small  value4  The  writings  of  liU 
Iiiiroe»  as  well  as  those  of  many  other  dealers  in  politics,  and  pamphleteers  of  the 
day,  have  been  long  since  totally  forgotten.  It  hath  been  observed,  that  civil 
heat»  like  drought,  brings  to  light  a  multitude  of  noisy,  troublesome,  and  pe- 
rishable insects. 

*  This  publication  is  not  mentioned  in  Dr.  Smith's  article,  in  the  "  Biographia 
Britmnnica." 


f  See  **  Phoenix  Britannicus,"  4to.  p.  566,  567. 

%  I  imagine  that  it  was  this  collection  which  was  purchased  by  King  George  III. 
and  given  to  the  British  Museum. — Lord  Orforo. 


268  BIOGBAPHlCAt    HISTORY 

JOHN  MILTON  was  author  of  "  The  History  at  BAtmf  a 
book  written  in  a  republican  spirit,  in  a  nervous  stylei  and  with 
much  strength  of  reason :  but  we  are  disappointed  in  not  meeting 
with  any  of  that  elegance  in  it  which  it  is  natural  to  expect  from 
the  author  of  the  ^*  Paradise  Lost."  It  was  printed  in  4to.  1670, 
and  is  reprinted  in  Kenneths  ^*  Complete  History/'  See  the  din« 
sion  of  the  Poets,  &c. 


PAUL  RYCAUT,  esq.  late  consul  of  Smyrna,  aod 
fellow  of  the  Royal  Society.  Leli/  p.  R.  White  tc 
Before  his  translation  of  **  The  Spanish  Critick^  hy 
Gratian,  1681, 8  w. 

SiB  Paul  Rycaut.    Lelj/.  R.  Whife;  folio;  y^ 
fixed  to  his  "  History  of  the  Turks, ""  1680- 

Paul  Ricauty  or  Rycaut,  was  a  gentleman  of  good  parts  aal 
leamingi  and  particularly  distinguished  by  his  travels^  his  negotifr- 
tionSy  and  his  writings.  He  composed  his  **  Present  State  of  tke 
Ottoman  Empire'^  during  his  residence  at  Constant inople,  wher^h 
was  secretary  to  Heneage  Finch,  earl  of  Winchelsea,  ambassador  to 
the  Ottoman  Porte.  He  was  about  eleven  years  consul  for  tb 
English  natioQr  at  Smyrna,  where  he  wrote  his  '^  Present  State  of 
the  Greek  and  Armenian  Churches."  But  his  capital  performaotf 
is  his  '<  Continuation  of  Richard  KnoUes's  excellent  History  of  tke 
Turks."  He  was,  from  his  great  knowledge  of  the  Turkish  affisurSr 
better  qualified  than  any  other  person  for  this  work ;  but  he  is  in- 
ferior to  KnoUes  in  historic  merit.  He  also  wrote  a  "  Continuation 
of  Platina's  Lives  of  the  Popes,"  in  folio,  which  was  published  in  tbe 
reign  of  James  II.  by  whom  he  was  knighted.  He  also  translated 
Garcillasso  de  la  Vega's  **  Commentaries  of  Peru."  He  was,  bj 
King  William,  sent  resident  to  Hamburgh,  where  he  lived  ten 
years.*  In  1700,  he  returned  to  England,  and  died  in  November 
the  same  year.  See  more  of  him  in  "  State  Letters  of  Hen.  Earl 
of  Clarendon."     See  also  the  next  reign. 


*  Mr.  Cambridge  ha»  a  portrait  of  him,  painted  at  Hamburgh,  in  I691i  b/ 
Rundt. 


^^■nr" 


OF   ENGLAND.  269 

JOHANNES  MARSHAM,  eques  auratus,  et  baro- 
'^M.  80.  R.  White  k.  h.  »h.  Before  his  "  Canon 


KHNEs  Mahshau,  eques,  &c.   fF.  Richardson. 

y  Lcaraed  hiatomn  WM  mthor  of  "  Diatriba  Chronolo- 
^L  e.  A  Chronological  lUiBerta^bn,  wheniD  be  examines  iiw- 
iXj  the  principal  Difficulties  that  occur  in  the  Chronology  of 
1  Testament :"  Lond.  1649  ;  4to.  But  hit  piincipal  woik, 
bis  at  once  a  proof  ofhU  great  erudition,  pnftiond  judgment, 
ibdefati  gable  iuduBtry,  ■■  hia  "  Canon  Cfannuns  fgyptiaciu, 
:,  Gr^ciis,"  &c.  The  first  edition  of  it  mi  printed  at 
Idon,  in  folio,  1672  ;  it  wa^  reprinted  at  LeifMic,  in  4to.  1676; 
"  t  Praneker.  in  4to.  1696.    This  book  soon  rendered  the 

ne  famous  throughout  Europe.*     It  ia  well  known  that 
/plians,  like  the  Chinese,  pretended  to  incredible  uitiquity; 
Itad,  in  the  list  of  their  dynaaties,  extended  thdr  dironologj 
Ii25  years.     ThcGe  dynaaties  had  been  long  rqected  as  fabu- 
b:  hut  Sir  John  Marsham  has  reduced  them  to  Scripture  cbro- 
',  by  proving  them  to  be  not  tuecetthe  bnt^  coliateral.     The 
nied  Dr.  Shuckford  telU  ns,  that "  no  tolerable  scheme  can  be 
1  of  the  Egyptian  history  that  is  not,  in  tke  main,  agreeing 
Some  things  adraoced  by  onr  author  have  bMit  con- 
ted,  if  not  confuted,  by  men  of  leanung.    But  it  ia  no.irMuleff 
Wtme  travelling  In  the  darkness  of  aniiqaity,  u  he  did,  diovld 
his  way.     Ob.  25  May,  1686. 


ROGER    L'ESTRANGE.    esq.    M.    jBft,   1684- 
5.  Knellcrp.  R.frhitetc.  Be/ore  his'**.  Etsp-sFMetf"- 

■  ■'  ';^^ 

'■  ChioniCHm  danon^ni  .^'gjptiuio  Joannit  Manhami,  Angli.qid  nnmio  Aicdfa 
■ntiqnitato  JEgyptuu  coltcgii,  van  ■unirralun  (neHprii  in  compendia  Oaliico;" 
"Hi»<oriBUi>i»eiMlis,  lircdlebeiriiiiiij  epiicopui  Meldeniii."}  Theie  «ie  Iha  aordi 
of  John  Le  Clerc,  in  bis  unclf ,  David  Le  Clerc'.,  ■'  QupntionM  Sacm,"  p.  149, 150. 
t  Sec  "  Sacnrft  and  Piofane  Hiitor;  of  tLe  World  connected,"  vol.  iii.  edil.  17t7, 
p.  269,  S70. 

t  BiMtuet,  bithop  of  Meuii. 


270  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Roger  L'Estrange,  &c.  oval ;  mezz.  He  is  flood 
here  as  a  translator  of  History. 

Roger  L'Estrangc,  who  was  at  the  head  of  the  writers  by  pro-  1 
fession,  in  this  reign,  was  author  of  a  g^eat  pumber  of  polhidi  I 
pamphlets  and  periodical  papers.  That  which  made  the  gresM 
noise  was  his  "  Observator/'  in  which  he  went  as  greiett  lengdiito 
vindicate  the  measures  of  the  court,  as  were  ever  gone  by  any 
mercenary  journalist.*  This  paper  was  swelled  to  three  ▼olumes  in 
foHo.  He  translated  Cicero's  '*  Offices/'  Seneca*8  "  Morali," 
Erasmus's  '*  Colloquies,^  and  Quevedo's  '^  Visions."  His  Esop'i 
**  Fables''  was  more  a  new  work  than  a  translation.  The  moit 
valuable  of  his  books  is  his  translation  of  Josephus,  which ^  though 
in  a  better  style  than  most  of  his  writings,  has  been  very  juitlj 
censured.t  He  was  one  of  the  great  corrupters  of  our  luignage, 
by  excluding  vowels  and  other  letters  not  commonly  pronounced, 
and  introducing  pert  and  a£Pected  phrases.J  He  was  licenser  of 
the  press  to  Charles  and  James  II. $     06.  11  Dec  1704,  Mt,  88. 


WILLIAM  WINSTANLEY,  M.  39,  1667 ;  in  an 

oval  composed  of  vines  and  barley ;  large  ^vo. 

*  See  the  "  Life  of  Baxter/*  fol.  part  iii.  p.  187. 

t  8ec  Dr.  Fclton's  "  Dissertation  on  the  Classics/'  &o.  p.  15S,  edit  1715.  Thit 
author  mentions  one  of  his  phrases  as  a  specimen  of  many  othen ;  speaking  of 
Herod,  he  says,  that  he  was  one,  "  tliat  would  keep  touch,  neither  with  God  nor 
man."    Sec  Bathos,  &c.  c.  12. 

X  See  the  **  Trial  of  the  letter  Y,  alias  Y,''  in  the  last  cdit^  of  «'  The  Canons  of 
Criticism.*' 

$  His  being  a  representative  for  Winchester  in  the  parliament  that  assembled 
upon  the  accession  of  James,  when  he  had  a  transitory  gleam  of  good  fortune,  is  not 
mentioned  in  the  "  Biographia  Britaunica,"  where  wc  arc  told,||  that  Queen  Marj 
made  this  anagram  on  his  name : 

Roger  L'Estraiige, 
Lying  strange  Roger. 

This  naturally  introduces  thi;  distich  made  by  Lee,  who  by  \'ears  was  so  strangely 
altered,  as  scarce  to  be  recollected  by  his  old  friend  : 

Faces  may  alter,  names  can't  change ; 

1  am  strange  Lee  altered  ;  you  arc  still  J-f'strangc. 

II  P.  2927. 


iTiiJuia  ^  oiff.^  Qt-ape,  and  Sar^y  nc  niH  pfay^. 
T^rjf^ni  ih   f^-^  ^t/uir  aJl-atngu  Wr^ Juice. 

Soii^ar  of/ne/e  iia-irw  and  naturr.  ne  t^/pUt 

TTum.cini^  Ihi    Jfer-iii'ir   cKoiet,  Irta/urea    me  t/ct^r-aee 


OF    ENGLAND.  271 

:iAM  WiNSTANLEY,  M.  39,  1667.   W.  Rich- 


1  Winstanley,  originally  a  barber,*  was  author  of  "  The 
the  Poets;"  of  "  Select  Lives  of  England's  Worthies, 
stantine  the  Great  to  Prince  Rupert;"  "  The  Loyal  Mar- 
'  "  Historical  Rarities ;"  and  one  or  two  single  Lives,  all 
He  is  a  fantastical  writer,  and  of  the  lowest  class  of  our 
rs :  but  we  are  obliged  to  him  for  many  notices  of  persons 
s,  which  are  recorded  only  in  his  works.  See  the  next  reign. 


OINE  HAMILTON,  ne  en  Irelande,  mort  a 
nain  en  Lay,  le  21  Avril,  1720,  Age  d'Environ 
;  A.B.p.  Rossard  sc.  \2mo. 

ompte  Antoine  Hamilton.  J.  Hall  sc.  en- 
for  the  elegant  edition  of  his  ''  MemoirSy''  lately 
at  Strawberry  Hill. 

.  Antoine  Hamilton.  fF.  N.  Gardiner  sc. 
"emoirs  of  Grammont,'' 8vo.  1809. 

Hamilton,  a  native  of  Ireland,  settled  in  France,  was 
the  '^  Memoires  de  Grammont,"  in  which  he,  with  an  easy 
isite  pencil,  has  painted  the  chief  characters  of  the  court 
s  the  Second,  as  they  were,  with  great  truth  and  spirit, 
to  him  by  Grammont  himself, 

'*  Who  caught  the  manners  living  as  thej  rose.** 

or  has  in  his  work  displayed  a  happiness  as  well  as  accu- 
ch  have  deservedly  placed  him  in  the  first  rank  of  the 
Titers  of  memoirs.  He  was  brother-in-law.  to  the  count, 
se  histbry  he  hath  entertained  and  delighted  the  public. 

;e  **  Athea  Oxon."  ii.  1118.    His  name  is  omitted  in  the  Index. 


272  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


ANTIQUARIES. 

JOHN  AUBREY,  esq.  F.R.S.  M.  Vandergucht s6 
Before  his  '^  Natural  History  and  Antiquities  of  Surrey  ^ 
8vo. 

His  portrait  in  Indian  ink^  by  Loggan,  is  in  the  Ashmoleali' 
Museum. 

John  Aubrey,   esq.  from  Loggan's  drawing.  /. 
Caulfield  exc. 

John  Aubrey.    Bartolozzi  sc. 

.J 

John  Aubrey.    T.  Cook  so.    In  MalcolnCs  '^  Liv^ 

of  Topographers.'' 

0 

•I 

John  Aubrey,  who  was  esteemed  an  able  and  indastrious  anti^ 
quary,  was  acquainted  with  most  of  the  virtuosi  in  the  reign  t4{ 
Charles  II.  He  is  said  to  have  supplied  Anthony  Wood  with  § 
great  part  9f  the  materials  for  both  his  books,  and  composed  severait 
curious  and  useful  treatises  himself,  some  of  which  remain  utti 
printed  in  Ashmole*s  Museum.  The  most  considerable  of  his  ma- 
nuscripts are  his  '<  Monumenta  Britannica,  or  a  Discourse  con- 
cerning  Stonehenge,  and  Roll  Rich  Stones,  in  Oxfordshire ;"  afia 
his  ''  Architectonica  Sacra,  or  a  Discourse  concerning  the  Manner 
of  our  Church  Buildings  in  England."  His  '*  Perambulation  of  tha 
County  of  Surrey,"  which  was  begun  in  1673,  arid  iended  in  16SlS^ 
waft  published  with  large  additions  and  improvements,  by  I>r.  Raw-? 
linson,  in  1719,  in  five  volumes  octavo.  His  collections  for  a  tH^ 
tuFftl  history  and  antiquities  of  Wiltshire^  in  which  he  made  lii 
great  progress,  are  in  the  above  mentioned  repository.  He  had  i 
(Stronger  tincture  of  superstition  than  is  commonly  found  in  men  bl 
his  parts  and  learning.  In  his  '^  Miscellanies,"  among  which  an 
some  things  well  worth  the  reader's  notice,  is  a  receipt  against  ai 


OF  ENGLAND.  273 


il  tongaey*  which  wm  foiBieil|  thonght  ommIi  wone  tbui  an  erfl 
e.  Ob.  circ.  1700.  A.  Wood,  whom  he  efteemed  his  friend, 
eaks  of  hkn  as  a  pretender  to  antiqnltie*,  and  as  Tain,  aedolons, 
id  whimsical ;  he  adds,  that  he  was  expensive  to  sndi  a  degree, 
\  to  be  forced  to  sell  his  estate  of  lOQL  a  year,  and  aftmrard  to 
pcome  a  dependant  on  hb  friends  for  sobsistenoe-f  There  seems 
ft  be  a  tincture  of  gall  in  this  censure  of  the  Oxford  antiqoarj. 
Ir.  Gough,  who  mentions  him  with  respect  and  honour,  says, 
lat  he  '*  first  brought  us  acquainted  with  the  earliest  monuments 
pthje  fiu^e  of  the  country,  the  remains  of  Druidism,  and  of  Roman, 
«xon,  and  Danish  fortifications."; 


RICHARD  ATKYNS,  esq.  W.  Sherwin  sc.  Prefixed 
0  his  "  History  of  Printing,''  1664. 

Richard  Atkyns  was  author  of  *^  The  Original  and  Growth  of 
Unting, 5  collected  out  of  History  and  the  Records  of  this  King^ 
j^m,^  1664;  4to.  This  is  an  imperfect  work,  of  which  we  have 
Bine  account  in  the  ^  Memoirs  of  Psalmanazar.^H  Meerman  has 
Moved,  that  the  author  grossly  imposed  on  several  persons,  parti- 
the  Earl  of  Pembroke,  by  fabe  title-pages.  There  is  an- 
book  on  this  isubject,  entitled,  ^'  The  General  History  of 
ing,  and  particularly  in  England,  by  Samuel  Fafaner,''.  1733 ; 
Ames's  **  Typographical  Antiquities,''  which  is  a  valuable 
is  limited  to  the  three  kingdoms. 

If   ' 

•^P.  111.  edit  1696. 

^  See  Wood's  '<  life,"  onder  August,  1667.    Bat  see  abo  Hearae*s  more  candid 

■HioD  of  biro,  in  "  An  Acconnt  of  some  Antiquities  in  and  aboat  Oxford,"  at  the 

'  of-tbe  second  volame  of  Leland's  "  Itinerary." 

^  JDntrod.  to  the  "  Arcbaeologia"  of  the  Antiquarian  Society,  p.  xziiL 

ft  We  baye  very  different  accounts  of  the  origin  of  printing,  which,  like  other 

^«fM  iuTentions,  seems  to  have  been  merely  caAial.    It  is  extremely  probable 

h%  the  person,  who  conceiTed  the  jfirst  idea  of  it  was  an  utter  stranger  to  its  im- 

r%aiioe.    The  friar,  who  found  the  wonderful  effect  of  saltpetre,  sulphur,  and 

k«eoel,  littie  thought  that  he  had  hit  upon  a  composition  that  would  be  the  death 

V&illions,  and  entirely  change  the  art  of  war.   The  man  who,  in  playing  with  some 

|«  of  g^aas  in  a  watch-.roakqr'f  shop,  took  the  first  hint  for  the  telescope,  did  not 

a«ai  that  he  was  leading  mankind  to  a  ditcovery  of  new  woildii  and  opening  to 

ftir  view  the  most  asUmishing  part  of  the  creation. 

^  P.  f  84,  &c. 


274  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

WILLIELMUSPETYT,  armiger;  interioris  Templi 
socius,  et  custos  rotuloram  ac  archivorum  in  Turrf; 
Londinensi  remanentium.  R.  White  ad  vivum  del.  etsc. 
h.  sh.  I 

William  Petyt,  esq.  student  of  the  Middle  Temple,  bencher  and 
treasurer  of  the  Inner  Temple,  and  keeper  of  the  records  in  tbei 
Tower,  was  born  near  Skipton,  in  Craven,  Yorkshire.  This'  gentle- 
man, who  is  an  author  of  character,  and  well  known  for  his  valuab^ 
manuscripts,  now  lodged  in  the  Inner  Temple  library,*  made  a  coI-| 
lection  of  parliamentary  tracts,  of  above  eighty  volumes,  relative  tOj 
the  Interregnum.  They  were  of  singular  use  to  the  compilers  o^ 
the  "  Parliamentary  History,"  in  twenty-four  volumes,  8vo.  He, 
was  author  of  ''  The  ancient  Rights  of  the  Commons  asserted,*^. 
8vo.  1680;  of  "  A  Summary  Review  of  the  Kings  and  Govenh 
ment  of  England,"  Svo.  and  of  *'  Jus  Parliamentarium,  or  thi^ 
ancient  Power  and  Rights  of  Parliament,"  fol.  He  #as,  upon  hit 
resignation  of  his  place  of  keeper  of  the  records  in  .the  Towe^ij 
succeeded,  the  12th  of  March,  1707-8,  by  Richard  Topham,  es<{^ 
member  of  parliament  for  Windsor;  whose  valuable  collection  dl 
drawings  is  in  the  library  at  Eton  College.  A  list  of  the  records 
in  the  Tower,  drawn  upby  Petyt,  is  in  the  "  Cat.  MSS.  Angli»y1 
torn.  ii.  p.  183.  He  died  at  Chelsea,  the  3d  of  October,  1707^ 
aged  71  years. 


EDWARDUS  WATERHOUSE,  armiger,    1663 
^.  44.  D.  Loggan  ad  vivum  sc.   Be/ore  his  "  Com- 
mentary on  Fortescue  De  Laudibus  Legum  Anglia" 
1663,  fol. 

Edwardus  Waterhouse^  aniiig.  A.  Hertochsf 

Edward  Waterhouse  was,  according  to  Mr.  Wood  and  Mr.  Ni«j 
cokon^t  author  of  the  following  books :  "A  DisGOurgje  and  Defeno^ 

♦  BUhop  Bamet,  Mr.  Strype,  arid  thie  LordHHianceHor  Wttt  of  IreJaad,  in 
« Ihquiiy  into  the  Manner  of  creating  Peers/*  hare  «Tailed  themselves  of 
Daanuscriptfl. 

t  Afterward  bishop  of  Carlisle. 


OF    ENGLAND. 


275 


|Ai'ilt«utdAnnoi7,*'1660;  Svo.  "TheSphereofGentryidedurcd 

tfn  tba  Princifdei  of  Nature ;  in  hiitoncal  and  genealogical  Work 

|,,Akins  and  Blazon,  in  four  boolu,"  i661;  fbl.*   "  Fortescutus 

IwtraCu*,  01  a  CommentoTf  on  Forteacue  de  lAudibue  Legum 

hgUee,"  1663 ;  &].t    The  book  to  which  his  head  is  prefixed  is 

Btitled,  "  Tha  Oentlen»n'i  Monitor,  or  a  sober  Inspection  into 

Virtues,  Vices,  and  ordinary  Heani  of  the  Rise  and  Decay  of 

DJlies,"  1665 1  Svo.    This  is  not  mentioned  by  either  of  the 

ve  uited  authors.    The  latter  informs  us,  that  he  published  an 

HsiwxH  Narre^Te  of  the  Fire  of  London,"  in   16664     Mr. 

lod,  'who  speaks  with  great  contempt  of  his  "  Sphere  of  Gentry," 

■S  us,  "  tliat  he  was  a  cock-brained  man;  that  he  took  holy 

lets  Ufion  him,  nnd  became  a  fantastical  preacher."  Lloyd  styles 

n  "tbe  learned,  industrious,  and  ingenious  Edward  Waterhoute, 

of  Sion  College ;"  and  acknowledges  himself  beholden  to  him 

!  the  RCCOUDt  of  Sir  Edward  Waterhouse,  printed  in  bis  "  State 

«dbs."    Oh.  Id70.     See  more  of  him  in  Birch's  "  Hist,  of  the 

ml'^frciet^,"  vol.  ii.  p.  460;  where  a  mistake  of  Wood's  is  cor- 


tM 
^ 


SIR  HENRY  BLOUNT.   D.  Loggan  ad  vivum  del. 
sc.  1679;  h.  ah.  scarce. 

Sj:b  Henrt  Blount;  4/0.   W.Richardson. 

Kr  Henry  Blount  was  third  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Pope  Blount,  of 
k«l1ianger,  in  Hertfordshire.     He  diRtinguished  himself  in  the 
%f.  part  of  his  life,  l>y  his  tntvels   into  the  Levant.     In  this 
Syage  be  passed  above  six  thousand  miles,  the  greater  part  of 
Uch  he  went  by  land.     This  gained  him  the  epithet  of  "  The  . 
Feat  Traveller."     His  quick  and  lively  parts  recommended  him  to 
lea  I.  who  is  said  to  have  committed  the  young  princes  to  his 
just  before  the  battle  of  Edge-hill.    He  was  one  of  the  com- 
ing appointed  in  November,  1655,  to  consider  of  proper 
Inrp  tD/ii  means  to  improve  the  trade  and  navigation  of  the  com- 
^"— ^-"'■^     Hia  "  Travels  to  the  Levant,"  which  have  been  irans- 


I  Nicolsoa'i "  1 
t  Ibid.  p.  19. 


276  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY  , 

I 

I 

lated  inta  French  and  Dutch,*  were  published  in  4to.  1636;    Tlie 
author  of  the  Introductory  Discourse  prefixed  to  Churchiirs  "  Col-    ,. 
lection  of  Voyages,"  gives  but  an  indifferent  character  of  this  book, 
ai(  to  style  and  matter.  He  was  author  of  several  pieces  of  less  note, 
and  is  supposed  to  have  had  the  principal  hand  in  the  '^  Anima 
Mundi,"  published  by  his  son  Charles,  the  well-known  author  of  the  "-| 
"  Oracles  of  Reason/'    The  former  of  these  books  contains  much 
the  same  kind  of  philosophy  with  that  of  Spinoza.     Sir  Thomas 
Pope  Blount,  another  of  his  sous,  who  compiled  the  ''  Censura 
celebriorum  authorum/'  is  a  writer  much  more  worthy  of  our  notice. 
Ob.  9  Oct.  1682.  ^' 


GEORGE   ALSOP,   &c.     M.  28;    si:v  English 
verses. 


i 


u* 


George  Alsop,  &c.    W.  Richardson.  UU 

'  ipp< 

George  Alsop  was  author  of  "  A  Character  of  the  Province  of  i^x 

Maryland/'  1666 ;  12mo.  to  which  his  head  is  prefixed.  \\-% 


\ 


MATHEMATICIANS,  &c. 

JONAS  MOORE,  matheseos  professor,  MAi 
1660.  Before  his  "  Arithmetic;''  Svo.  See  the  Inte: 
regnum. 


.5 
•1 


GULIELMUS  LEYBOURN,    philom.    M.  2 
oval;  ^to. 

GuLiELMus  Leybourn,  jEt.  30.  Gaywoodf.  \2n^^^' 
Before  his  "  Arithmetic.''  See  the  reign  of  CHARir^^^ 
the  Second. 

*  So  Mr.  Wood  was  informed. 


OF  ENGLAND.  277 

William  Leybourn,  M.  64,   1690.  R.  White; 
'prefixed  to  his  "  Cursus  Mathemr  foL 

.  William  Leybourn,  effigies  authoris;  almost  a 
"VBlhole  lengthy  sitting.  Before  his  book  of  ^^  Dialling T 
Ato.  1669. 

GuLiELMUs  Leybourn,  JK.  48,  1674.    R.  White 
sc.  4to. 

William  Leybourn,  JEt.  52,  1678;  l2mo. 

William  Leybpurn,  who  was  originally  a  printer  in  London,  was 
instrumental  in  preserving  and  publishing  several  of  the  mathema- 
tical works  of  Mr.  Samuel  Foster,  astronomy  professor  in  Gresham 
College.*  He  became  afterward  an  eminent  author  himself;  and  it 
appears  from  his  books,  that  he  was  one  of  the  most  universal  ma- 
thematicians of  his  time.f  Many  treatises  of  practical  mathematics 
V^ere  publishied  by  him  in  this  reign^  In  the  reign  of  William  III. 
Came  forth  his  **  Cursus  Mathematicus"  in  folio,  which  was 
Esteemed  the  best  system  of  the  kind  extant.  His  **  Panarithmo- 
Jogia,  or  the  Trader's  sure  Guide,"  contains  tables  ready  cast  up, 
^nd  adapted  to  the  use  of  almost  all  tradesmen  and  mechanics.  It 
Xvas  formed  upon  an  excellent  plan  of  his  own,  which  has  been 
adopted  by  Mons.  Bareme,  in  France.  The  seventh  edition  was 
printed  in  12mo.  1741. 

VINCENTIUS  WING,  Luffenhamiensis,  in  com. 
Rutlandise  ;  natus  anno  1619,  die  9  Aprilis.  Before 
his  ^^  Astronomia  Britannicdy'   1652;  foL 

The  name  of  Wing,  though  he  has  been  dead  for  at  least  a  cen- 
tury, continues  as  fresh  as  ever  at  the  head  of  our  sheet  almanacks. t 

*  See  Mr.  Ward's  "  Dves  of  the  Professors  of  Gresham  College." 
'  t  See  Clavei*B  <*  Calalogae  of  the  Books  printed  since  the  Fire  of  London;" 

folio» 

f  I  have  found  nothing  in  chronology  so  problematical  and  perplexing  as  assign- 
ing the  date  of  the  death  of  an  almanaclL-maker.    Francis  Moore  has,  acoording  to 


278  BIOOEA^PHICAL   HtSTORY 

He  was  i^uthor  of.  '*  The  celestial  Hannony  of  the  visible  World," 
1651,  folio ;  of  •*  An  Ephemeris  for  thirty  Years;"  a  "  Computatip 
Catholica ;"  and  several  other  astrological  and  mathematical  pieces. 
His  great  work  in  Latin,  entitled,  *'  Astronomia  Britannica,''  has 
been  much  commended :  he  proceeds  upon  Bullialdus's  pnnciples, 
and  gives  clear  and  just  ex^mpl^  of  a\\  the  precepts  of  prat^ 
astronomy.  His  life  was  written  by  Gadbury,  who  informs  us  t)^at 
he  died  the  20th  of  Sept.  1668. 

JOSEPH  MOXON,  born  at  Wakefield,  August  the 
8th,  1627.  On  a  lable  near  the  heady  is  inscribed  tk 
title  of  one  of  his  books,  viz.  '*  Ductor  ad  Astrononiim 
et  Geographianiy  vel  Ustis  Ghbij^  Sgc.  Sgc.  Ato. 

Joseph  Moxon,  &c.  F.  H.  Van  Hove  sc.  12nio. 

Joseph  Moxon,  hydrographer  to  Charles  11.  was  an  excellent 
practical  mathematician.  He  composed,  translated,  and  published, 
a  great  vaijety  of  books  relative  to  the  sciences.  He  particularly 
excelled  iu  geography,  and  was  a  great  improver  of  maps,  spheres, 
and  globes,  the  last  of  which  he  carried  to  a  higher  degree  of  per- 


his  own  confession,  amused  and  alarmed  the  world  with  his  predictions  and  his  hie- 
roglyphics for  the  space  of  75  years.*  John  Partridge  has  been  dead  and  boned 
more  than  once,  if  the  printed  accounts  of  him  may  be  credited.  But  his  almanack, 
like  his  ghost,  "  magni  nominis  umbra,**  continued  to  appear  as  usual  after  his  de* 
cease.  Vincent  Wing  is  said  to  be  now  living,  at  Pick  worth,  in  Rutlandshire,  and 
I  am  referred  to  a  book-almanack  for  a  proof  of  it.  This  seminds  me  of  what  I 
have  seen  in  one  of  Partridge's  almanacks,  in  which  lie  very  gravely  afllrms,  that  be 
is  now  living,  and  was  alive  when  Bickerstaff  published  the  account  of  his  deatb. 
It  is,  with  due  deference,  proposed  to  Mr.  Vincent  Wing,  to  aiBx  this  motto,  for  tbe 
future,  to  his  almanack,  after  his  name : 

Ilium  aget  Penna  metuente  solvi 

Fama  superstes. — Hon. 

\ 

*  Before  his  Almanack  for  1771,  is  a  letter,  which  begins  thus : 

"Kind  Reader, 
'*  This  being  the  73d  year  since  my  Almanack  first  appeared  to  the  world,  aod 
having  for  several  years  presented  you  with  observations  that  have  come  to  passip 
the  admiration  of  many,  I  have  likewise  presented  you  with  several  Uciogiv* 
phicSy^Stc.  -  '  .. 


I 


V  OF   FNGLAND.  279 

fectioii;di&i  -aoy  Englishtnan  had'  done  before  hiM**  Besides  his 
tceatiaes  of  Geography,  Astronomy,  Navigation,  &?c.  he  published 
a  book  ci  "  Mechanic  Exercises,  or  the  Doctrines  of  Handy- 
Wor|p3,"  drc.  This  book,  which  is  in  two  vi)iumes  quarto,  is  un- 
common. Dr.  Johnson  often  quotes  him  ih  his  Dictionary » as  the 
best  authority  for  the  common  terms  of  mechanic  arts.  There  is  a 
pack  of  astronomical  playing-cards  invented  by  him,  "  teaching 
any  ordinary  capacity,  by  them,  to  be  acquainted  with  all  the  stars 
in  heaven,  to  know  their  place,  colour,  nature,  bigness :  as  also 
the  poetical  reasons  for  every  constellation." — He  was  living  at  the 
sign  of  the  Atlas,  in  Warwick-lane,  1692.t 


LORD  BROUNKER ;  a  small  head,  in  the  frontis- 
piece to  Sprafs  "  History  of  the  Royal  Society''  Hol- 
lar f 

William,  lord  Brounker.  Harding. 

William,  viscount  Brounker;  in  "  Noble  Au^ 
thors;'  by  Mr.  Park,  1806. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Hagley,  by  Lely .  And  another,  a 
whole  length,  at  Lord  Bathurst*s,  at  Cirencester. 

William,  lord  Brounkei^  whom  Bishop  Burnet  calls  a  profound 
mathematician^  was  chancellor  to  Queen  Catherine,  keeper  of  her 
great  seal,  and  one  of  the  commissioners  for  executing  the  OiEce  of 
lord  high-admiral.  Few  of  his  writings  are  extant.  His  **  Expe- 
'  riments  of  the  recoiling  of  Guns,"  and  his  algebraical  paper  on  the 
squaring  of  the  hyperbola,  are  well  known.  He  was  the  first  pre- 
sident of  the  Royal  Society ;  a  body  of  men,  who,  since  their  incor- 
poration, have  made  a  much  greater  progress  in  true  natural  know- 


*  William  Saunders,  a  fishmonger,  made  considerable  improvements  iii  tins  art 
before  Moxon.  It  was  afterward  much  improved  by  Rowley  and  Senex.  See  the 
advertisement  for  Rowley's  globes,  in  the  "  Spectator/'  No.  553. 

t  In  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  a  project  was  set  on  foot  for  uniting  the  Thames  and 
tb'e  Severn;  by  catting  a  channel  of  above  forty  milei  id  letigth;  and  a  bill  was, 
with  that  view,  brought  into  the  House  of  Commons.  Moxon  drew  a  map  for 
Mr.  Matthews,  to  demonstrate  that  the  scheme  was  praoticable.  See  particulars  in 
Yarranton's  "  England's  Improvements,"  p.  64. 


/ 


280  BIOGRAPHTCAL   HISTORY 

ledge,  than  had  before  been  made  firom  the  beginning  of  the  worid. 
They  have  carried  their  researches  into  every  part  of  the  creation, 
and  have  still  discovered  new  wonders.  Their  minute  inquiries 
have  been  sometimes  the- subject  of  ridicule.  But  the  seeders 
should  consider,  that  the  wings  of  the  butterfly  were  painted  by 
the  same  almighty  hand  that  made  the  sun.     Ob.  5  April,  1684, 


JOHN  KERSEY,  bom  at  Bodicot,  near  Banbury, 
in  the  county  of  Oxford,  1616.  Zoust  p.  1672.  Fai- 
thome  sc.  jinely  engraved.  Before  his  "  Algebra  ;" 
folio;  1673. 

r 

John  Kersey,  teacher  of  the  mathematics,  was  author  of  ^*  The 
Elements  of  mathematical  Art,  commonly  called  Algebra  ;*'  folio. 
This  book  was  allowed,  by  all  judges  of  its  merit,  to  be  the  clearest, 
and  most  comprehensive  system  of  the  kind,  extant  in  any  language. 
Very  honourable  mention  is  made  of  it  in  the  "  Philosophical 
Transactions."*  The  work  was  very  much  encouraged  by  Mr.  John 
Collins,  commonly  called  attorney-general  to  the  mathematics.f 
Our  author.  Kersey,  published  an  improved  edition  of  Wingate's 
*'  Arithmetic,'*  and  I  think  an  English  Dictionary.     Qusere. 

CAPTAIN  SAMUEL  STURM Y,  M.  36,  1669 ; 
h.  sk. 

The  following  book,  by  this  author,  was,  at  least,  twice  printed, 
in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  "  The  Mariner's  Magazine,  stored  with 
these  Mathematical  Arts ;  Navigation,  Geometry,  the  making  and 
use  of  divers  mathematical  Instruments,  the  Doctrine  of  Triangles, 
sailing  by  the  Plain  Chart,  Mercator's  Chart,  and  the  Arch  of  the 
great  Circle.  The  Arts  of  Surveying,  Gauging,  Measuring,  Gun- 
ner3[.  Astronomy,  Dialling,  &c,  also  Tables  of  Logarithms,  and  of 
the  Sun's  Declination,  Latitude,  Longitude  of  Places ;  with  an 
Abridgement  of  the  Laws  relating  to  the  Custotns,  and  Navigation, 
and  a  Compend.  of  Fortification :  by  Captain  Samuel  Sturmy,  the 

•  Vol.  viii.  p.  6073, 6074. 

t  See  his  article  in  the  sappleiiient  to  the  *'  Biographia."   . 


OF  ENGLAND.  281 

second  edition,  revised  and  corrected  by  John  Colson,"  1678, 
folio;  with  the  author*s.  head  prefixed.  The  "  Mathesis  enucleata," 
and  the  "  Mathesis  juvenilis,"  both  in  8vo.  were  written  by  one  of 
the  same  name.    These  I  have  not  seen. 

In  Goldsmith's  "  History  of  the  Earth,'*  vol.  i.  p.  (56,  is  an  ac- 
count of  Captain  Sturmy's  descent  into  a  cavern.  Pen- park  HolCi 
in  Gloucestershire.     He  died  soon  after  of  a  fever  caught  there. 


MR.  PERKINS.  Drapentier  sc. 

Mr.  Perkins  was  a  schoolmaster  in  Christ's  Hospital,  where  he 
tanght  the  mathematics.  He  was  author  of  a  book  of  navigation, 
entitled,  '*  The  Seaman's  Guide,"  1682;  8vo.  published  by  his 
brother,  to  which  the  portrait  is  prefixed. 


VENTERUS  MANDEY, JSf. 37, (1682).  R.White 
sc.  8w. 

This  person,  who  was  an  eminent  schoolmaster,  was  author  of 
"  The  Marrow  of  Measuring ;"  "  A  Treatise  of  the  Mechanic 
Powers ;"  and  "  A  Universal  Mathematical  Synopsis."  The  first 
of  these,  before  which  is  his  portrait,  has  been  oftener  printed  than 
any  of  his  works. 


MARTINUS  MASTER,  Philom.  Cantuariensis, 
Mt.  53.  Gaywoodf.  1660,  \2mo. 

The  measuring- wheel,,  engraved  with  the  head,  denotes  Master  to 
bave  been  a  land-surveyor. 

GULIELMUS  HUNT,  natus  est  civitate  Londini, 
1645,  &c.  j^.  28.  Compasses  and  sliding-rule  be- 
neath. 

William  Hunt  was  an  officer  in  the  excise,  and  author  of  a  book 
of  gauging,  which,  under  different  shapes,  has  been  several  times 

VOL.  V,  2  o 


/ 


282  BIOGRAPHICAL.  HISTORY 

reprinted.    Everard  and  Coggeshal  have  adapted  the  sliding-n 
to  the  purposes  of  gauging,  with  greater  success  than  Hunt. 


"  HENRICUS  GREENHILL,  civitatis  Sarum; 
mercaturae  et  mathematicarum  artium  disciplinistan 
supra  aetatem  progressus  fecit,  ut  semulis  invidia 
omnibus  admirationem  reliquerit.  Cujus  effigies  ] 
fratrem  ejus  seniorem  Johannem  Greenhill,  ad  viv 
delineata^  aerique  cila  (incisa)  spectanda  hie  propc 
tur ;  anno  setatis  praefat.  Henrici  vicesimo,  annp< 
Domini  1667."    A  sphere  before  him;  h.  sk. 

He  was  brother  to  Greenhill  the  painter,  of  whom  there  is  f 
account  in  the  next  Class. 


NATURALISTS,  &c. 

ROBERTUS  BOYLE,  Armiger.  Faithormadvh 
del.  et  fecit,  h.  sh.Jine.  There  is  a  copy  of  this  by  1 
dati,  4to. 

The  honourable  Robert  Boyle.  R.  W.  (White 
Before  his  "  Sei^aphic  Love;''  9^vo. 

The  honourable  Robert  Boyle  ;  copied  from 
former.  M.  Vander  Gucht  sc.  Before  the  "  Epit 
of  his  Philosophical  Works"  by  Bolton. 

Robert  Boyle.  R.  A.  8vo. 

Robert  Boyle.  Kerseboom;  B.  Baron. 

Robert  Boyle.  Du  Chesne. 


OF    ENGLAND.  283 

« 

Robert  Boyle  ;  mezz.  Faber. 

Robert  Boyle  ;  mezz.  Miller. 

Robert  Boyle  ;  mezz.  Kerseboom ;  J.  Smithy  1689. 

Robert    Boyle.      G.    Vertm    sc.      In    Birch's 
^  Lives:' 

Robert  Boyle.  Kerseboom;    G.Vertue;  4to. 
Robert  Boyle;  Ato.  Kerseboqm;  Schenck  exc. 

Robert  Boyle,  who  was  born  the  same  year  in  which  Lord 
Bacon  died,  seems  to  have  inherited  the  penetrating  and  inquisitive 
genius  of  that  illustrious  philosopher.     We  are  at  a  loss  which  to 
admire  most,  his  extensive  knowledge,  or  his  exalted  piety.    These 
excellences  kept  pace  with  each  other :  but  the  former  never  car- 
ried him  to  vanity,  nor  the  latter  to  enthusiasm.     He  was  himself 
The  Christian  virtuoso  which  he  ha?  described.*     Religion  never  sat 
more  easy  upon  a  man,  nor  added  greater  dignity  to  a  character. 
He  particularly  applied  himself  to  chymistry ;  and  made  such  dis- 
coveries in  that  branch  of  science,  as  can  scarce  be  credited  upon 
less  authority  than  his  own.    His  doctrine  of  the  weight  and  spring 
of  the  air,  a  fluid  on  which  our  health  and  our  very  being  depend, 
gained  him  all  the  reputation  he  deserved.     He  founded  the  theo- 
logical lecture  which  bears  his  name.     Some  of  the  preachers  of 'it 
have  outdone  themselves,  in  striving  to  do  justice  to  the  piety  of 
the  founder.t     Ob.  30  Pec.  1691,  M.  65. 

ROBERT  PLOT,  LL.  D.  a  whole  length.  In  the 
'*  Oxford  Almanack  for  1749;"  in  which  there  is  a  view  of 
Magdalen  Hall ;  the  figure  is  the  last  of  the  right  hand 

*  See  bis  book  under  that  title. 

t  As  personal  weight  seems  to  have,  at  least,  as  powerful  an  effect  upon  man- 
Lind,  in  matters  of  religion,  as  the  weight  of  reason  and  argument ;  I  would  ask  this 
hort  question  :  How  many  of  the  Freethinkers  are  required  to  outweigh  a  Bacon, 
i  Bojle,  and  a  Newton  3 .  and  how  many  of  their  books,  the  Boyleian  lectures  ? 


284  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

group y  next  to  Edward  Leigh y  esq.  who  is  represented 
writing.     The  print  was  engraved  by  Vertue. 

Robert  Plot,  professor  of  chymistry,  and  chief  keeper  of  the 
Ashmolean  Museum,  in  the  university  of  Oxford,  secretary  of  the 
Royal  Society,  Mowbray  herald  extraordinary,  and  register  of  the 
court  of  honours,  was  one  of  the  most  learned  and  eminent  philo- 
sophers and  antiquaries  of  his  age.    He  is  best  known  to  the  world 
as  author  of  the  **  Natural  Histories  of  Oxfordshire  and  Stafford- 
shire;" the  first  of  which  was  published  in  1677,  and  the  latter  in 
1686.    Whatever  is  visible  in  the  heavens,   earth,  and  waters; 
whatever  is  dug  out  of  the  ground,  whatever  is  natural  or  vmui- 
tural;  and  whatever  is  observable  in  art  or  science;  were  the  ob- 
jects of  his  speculation  and  inquiry.    Various  and  dissimilar  as 
his  matter  is,  it  is  in  general  well  connected ;  and  his  transitions  tn 
are  easy.     His  books,  indeed,  deserve  to  be  called  the  naturd  id 
and  artificial  histories  of  these  counties.     He,  in  the  eagerness  and 
rapidity  of  his  various  pursuits,  took  upon  trust,  and  committed 
to  writing,  some  things,  which,  upon  mature  consideration,  he , 
must  have  rejected.     Pliny,  who  wrpte  what  he  believed  to  be  true, 
though  too,  often  assumed  upon  the  credit  of  others,  has  been  called 
a  liar,  because  he  knew  nothing  of  experimental  philosophy ;  and 
Dr.  Plot,  because  he  did  not  know  enough  of  it.     Besides  the  two 
capital  works  above  mentioned,  he  published  **  Tentamen  Philoso- 
phicum  de  Origine  Fontium,*'  1685,  8vo.  and  several  pieces  in  the 
'*  Philosophical  Transactions."    He  died  the  30tb  of  April,  1696. 


SIR  KENELM  DIGBY,  knight,  chancellor  to  the 
queen-mother,  aged  62.  Near  th^  heady  on  a  shelf, 
are  jive  books ^  with  the  following  titles:  ^^  Plants;' 
*^  Sympathetic  Powder;''  "  Receipts  in  Cooker fy 
''  Receipts  in  Physic ;'  Sgc.  ''  Sir  K.  Digby  of  Bodies: 
T*  Cross  sc,  12mo,     See  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 


G 


fi 


JOHN   EVELYN,  esq'.    "  Meliora  retinete;'  ^c, 
R.  Nanteuil  del.  et  sc.  large  cloak  with  buttons.   With- 


i* 


OF   ENGLAND.  285 

t  his  name.  It  is  called  i?i  the  French  catalogues  of 
intSj  '^  Le  petit  Miloi^d  Anglois  ;"*  This  has  been 
pied  twice  at  least :  the  copy,  by  Worlidge,  is  prefixed 
the  third  edition  of  his  "  Sculptura  ;"  in  9>vo.  1759, 

JOHN  EVELYN,  esq.  Gay  wood  ad  vivum  del.  etf. 
554. 

John  Evelyn.  Caldwall^  1800.  In  Dr.  Thorntoris 
Sexual  System'* 

John  Evelyn,  the  English  Peiresc,  was  a  gentleman  of  as  uni- 
rsal  knowledge  as  any  of  his  time ;  and  no  man  was  more  open 
id  benevolent  in  the  communication  of  it.  He  was  particularly 
illed  in  gardening,  painting,  engraving,  architecture,  and  medals; 
K)n  all  which  he  has  published  treatises.  His  book  on  the  last 
these  sciences,  is  deservedly  in  esteem ;  but  is  inferior  to  that 
'  Mr.  Obadiah  Walker  on  the  same  subject.  His  translation  of 
An  Idea  of  the  Perfection  of  Painting,"  written  in  French  by 
oland  Freart,  and  printed  in  12mo.  1668,  is  become  very  scarce, 
is  "  Sculptura,  or  the  History  and  Art  of  Chalcography,  and  en- 
•aving  in  Copper,"  was  composed  at  the  particular  request  of  his 
lend,  Mr.  Robert  Boyle,  to  whom  it  is  dedicated.f  But  his  great 
ork,  is  his  <*  Sylva;  or  a  Discourse  of  Forest-Trees,  and  the  Pro- 


*  Evelyn  was  seriously  offended,  as  appears  from  his  Sculpiurat  at  this  title  in 
renchywhich  signifies  nothing  more  bat "  An  English  Gentleman  in  little  ;'*  it  ought 
Dt  to  have  given  any  offence. — Lord  Hailes. 

t  It  were  to  be  wished,  that  we  had  an  improved  edition  of  this  book,  and  that 
le  several  accounts  ojf  prints  were  ranged  according  to  the  different  schools  of  the 
ainters.f  Such  an  arrangement  of  the  works  of  various  engravers,  would  be  of  the 
ame  use  in  leading  the  curious  to  the  knowledge  of  other  branches  of  painting,  as 

collection  of  heads  is  in  introducing  them  to  th^t  of  portrait. — As  there  is  a 
bong  party  on  the  side. of  dissipation,  ignorance,  and  folly,  we  should  call  in 
•uxiliaries  of  every  kind  to  the  aid  of  science )  and  those  are  not  the  roost  contemp- 
ible  that  mix  pleasure  with  instruction,  by  feeding  the  eye,  and  informing  the 
oind  at  the  same  time.    I  have  already  pointed  out  a  method  of  ranging  such 


■  X  See  an  account  of  the  schools  in  De  Piles's  "  Lives  of  the  Painters,*'  or  before 
*»«  **  JEdcs  WalpoliansB." 


286  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

pagation  of  Timber/*  &c.  which  was  the  first  book  that  was  pab- 
lished  by  order  of  the  Royal  Society.*  He  tells  us,  in  the  second 
edition  of  that  valuable  work,  that  it  had  been  the  occasion  of 
planting  two  millions  of  timber  trees.  The  author,  who  resided 
chiefly  at  Says  Court,  near  Deptford,  had  one  of  the  finest  gardens 
in  the  kingdom,  and  was  one  of  the  best  and  happiest  men  in  it 


prints  as  may  serve  to  illustrate  the  topography  and  history  of  oar  conntiy.t  I 
shall  here  add  a  few  more  hints,  which  may  be  of  us^  to  9och  as  make  geneitl 
collections ;  and  first. 

Concerning  English  Heads. 

The  collector  should  have  a  considerable  number  of  portfolios,  or  vdomes  of 
blank  paper,  of  the  imperial  size,  bound  with  guards  or  slips  betwixt  each  leaf,  to 
give  room.  From  the  time  of  Mary,  he  may  allot  a  volame  at  least  to  each  reigii4 
and  place  one  or  more  heads  in  a  leaf.  It  is  osoal  to  cut  off  the  borders  of  the 
prints  as  far  as  the  plate  goes.  The  manuscript  additions  to  the  ioscriptions  raaj 
be  written  on  the  portfolios,  or  on  pieces  of  paper  cut  to  the  size  of  each  print  If 
the  heads  are  placed  loose  in  the  portfolios,  in  order  to  be  occasionally  slufted,  it 
will  be  convenient  to  fasten  the  lids  with  strings  before,  and  at  each  end. 

A  Method  of  ranging  a  general  Collection  of  Natural  History. 

Class  I.  Quadrupeds ;  and  at  the  head  of  these  the  horse.}  To  this  class  may  be 
subjoined  prints  of  hunting,  and  such  dead  game  as  properly  belong  to  it. 

Clai»s  II.  Birds ;  and  at  the  bead  of  them  the  eagle.  These  may  be  followed  by 
prints  of  fowling,  and  dead  game. 

Class  III.  Fishes  ;  and  at  the  head  of  them  the  whale. 

Class  IV.  Serpents  ;  and  at  the  head  of  them  the  cockatrice. 

Class  V.  Insects ;  and  at  the  head  of  them  the  scorpion.|| 

Class  VI.  Vegetables ;  to  which  may  be  added  fruit  and  flower  pieces. 

Class  VII.  Shells,  and- other  inanimate  marine  productions.^ 

Class  VIII.  Fossils  and  minerals — Such  as  are  of  an  anomalous  kind,  are  re- 
ducible to  their  kindred  species.** 

Iloroan  antiquities  may  be  ranged  according  to  the  method  of  Montfaucon ;  and 

mixed  subjects  may  be  disposed  alphabetically. 
•  "  Letters  of  Abraham  Hill,"  &c.  p.  108. 


t  See  the  reign  of  James  I.  Class  X.  article  Hoefnaole. 

J  Some  reigns,  if  the  collection  be  large,  will  require  several  volumes. 

§  According  to  Aldrovandus. 

II  Some  place  the  scorpion  among  the  insects,  and  others  among  the  serpents.  See 
Dr.  Newton's  '•  Milton,"  4to.  vol.  ii.  p.  253,  notes. 

f  Corals  and  corallines  should  be  placed  in  the  class  of  vegetables,  according  lo 
Touruefort,  &c.  but  Mft  Ellis  has  written  an  essay  to  prove,  that  the  latter  are  pro- 
duced and  inhabited  by  the  marine  polypes. 

•*  This  method  was  projected  by  the  author  before  he  knew  any  thing  of  Lmnseos, 
tu  whose  works  the  reader  is  referred  for  the  best  arrangement  of  every  kind  of 
natural  productions. 


H^i^:,^^ 

y^,L 

/"-" 

c>«/. 

;.„-  1 

JU'&s&^l;^ 

'  \VR.Aa. 

r^™  ].d.y   / 

VfOO   Y»fkHi 

luiiWai 

Strn.^^ 

OF    ENGLAND.  287 

He  lived  to  a  good,  but  not  a  useless  old  age,  and  long  enjoyed 
the  shade  of  those  flourUhiog  trees  which  himself  had  planted. 
0&.  27  Feb.  1705-6,  £l.  86.    See  Class  X. 


SACOB  BOBART,  the  elder.  D.  Loggan  del.  M, 

■ghers  sc.     The  print,   which  is  a  quarto  of  the 

■gest  size,  is  Iwtter  engraved  than  ani/  portrait  by 

hers  that  I  have  sceti.     It   is  extremely  scarce. 

leath  the  head,  which  is  dated  1675,  is  this  distich: 

**  Thou  German  prince  of  plants,  each  year  to  thee 
.I'housands  of  subjects  grant  a  subsidy." 

klACOB  BoBART;  in  fl  garden,  whole  length;  goat, 
'',^c.  4iv. 

I  Jacob  Bobart;  in  an  oval;  4to.  W.  Richardson. 

Jacob  Bobart,  a  German,  whom  Dr.  Plot  styles  an  cicellent  gar- 
I  iaier  and  botanist,  was,  by  the  Earl  of  Dauby,  founder  of  the  pbysio 
n  at  Oxford,  appointed  the  first  keeper  of  it.  He  was  autboc 
I  of  '.'Catalogus  Plantarum  Hortl  Medici  OxonieuMs,  scil.  Latino- 
'  Anglicus  et  Anglico-Latinus,"  Oxon.  1648;  8to.  One  singularity 
I  have  hoard  of  him  from  a  gentleman  of  unquestionable  veracity, 
fliat,  on  rejoicing  days,  he  used  to  have  his  beard  tagged  with  silver. 
The  same  gentleman  informed  me,  that  there  is  a  portrait  of  him  in 
Ae  possession  of  one  of  the  corporation  at  Woodstock.  He  died 
Ae  4th  of  February,  1679,  in  the  Slst  year  of  his  age.  He  had 
two  sons,  Tillemant  and  Jacob,  who  both  belonged  to  the  physic- 
garden.     It  appears  that  the  latter  succeeded  him  in  his  office,* 


.  *  X}r.  ^cbaiy  Giej,  io  liii  notes  upon  "  Hudibraa,"  vol.  i.  p.  l^H,  gives  u>  (be 
g  Htecdote  of  Jacob  Bobart,  tbe  ion.     He  mjb:  "Mr.  Smith,  of  Bedford, 
•  (o  me,  on  tbe  ootd  dnigon,  ■■  followi.     Mr.  Jacob  Ilobirt,  liolanj  pru. 
irt  cf  Oifoid,  (iid,  about  fan;  ;«an  ago,  fiod  ■  dead  lal  in  the  pbysic-garden, 
i  vlaeb  lie  made  to  rewmble  tbe  common  pictnre  of  dragons,  b;  allciing  its  bead  aud 

it  I  mucb  question  hU  being  botaoj-pTofesior,  which  office  has  somelime!  been 
^mfbonded  with  that  of  tbe  deeper  of  the  phjsic-garden.  See  Wood's  "  Fasti." 
Ip.  109.  178- 


288  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

ROBERT  TURNER,  &c.  8vo. 

RoBERTUS  Turner,  nat.  Holshott,  &c.  a  head  in 
a  small  round;  underneath  are  two  men,  who  seem  to  be 
setting  the  collar-bone  of  a  third.  The  print  is  before 
his  translation  of  Friar  Moultron's  *'  Complete  Bom' 
setter'' 

This  person  was  author  of  an  Herbal,  written  much  in  the  same 
manner  with  that  of  Culpeper,  and  published  in  octavo,  1664.  It 
is  entitled,  "  BOTANOAOriA,  the  British  Physician,  or  the  Na-; 
ture  and  Virtue  of  English  Plants."  He  calls  himself  in  the  title, 
Botanolog.  Stud.  His  head  is  prefixed  to  this  book.  Robert 
Lovell  was  contemporary  with  Turner,  and  a  botanist  of  superior 
note.  He  was  author  of  "  llAMBOTANOAOriA,  sive  Enchiri- 
dion Botanicum,  or  a  Complete  Herbal."  The  second  edition  of  it 
was  printed  in  12roo.  1665.*  Morison,  Plukenet,  and  Ray,  were 
very  eminent  for  botany  in  this  reign. 


SAMUEL  GILBERT,  florist.  R.  White  sc.  (1682.) 
12mo. 

Samuel  Gilbert  was  author  of  "  The  Florist's  Vade  Mecum,  be- 
ing a  choice  Compendium  of  whatever  is  worthy  of  Notice  thathatR 
been  extant  for  the  propagation,  raising,  planting,  increasing,  and 
preserving,  the  rarest  Flowers  and  Plants/*  &c.  the  third  edition  of 
which  was  printed  in  the  reign  of  Anne.  He  was  son-in-law  to 
Rea,  the  publisher,  or  rather  author,  of  the  "  Flora."  This  part  of 
gardening  has  been  greatly  improved  since  Gilbert's  lime.  MilleTi 
in  his  "  Gardener's  Dictionary,"  and  Dr.  Hill,  in  his  "  Eden,"  have 


tail,  and  thrusting  in  taper  sharp  sticks,  \rhich  distended  the  skin  on  each  side  tiU 
it  mimicked  wings.  He  let  it  dry  as  hard  as  possible.  The  learned  immediately 
pronounced  it  a  dragon ;  and  one  of  them  sent  an  accurate  description  of  it  to 
Dr.  Magliabechi,  librarian  to  the  grand  Duke  of  Tuscany ;  several  fine  copies  of 
verses  were  wrote  on  so  rare  a  subject;  but  at  last  Mr.  Bobart  owned  the  cheat y 
however,  it  was  looked  upon  as  a  masterpiece  of  art ;  and,  as  such,  deposited  in  the 
museum,  or  anatomy-school,  where  I  saw  it  some  years  after." 

*  At  page  514  is  an  index,  iwhich  may  be  useful  to  such  as  would  know  the  b^^ 
of  botany  at  this  time. 


OF    ENGLAND.  26d 

itten  copioasly  on  the  cultivation  of  flowers.    Bradley  hat  also 
itten  on  this  subject. 


JOHANNES  PETTUS,  eques  auratus:  "Hie  ta- 
!ii8y   illic  scribens;  alibi  loquens,   agens,   patiens: 
5.  57.    W.  Sherwin  sc.  h.  sh. 


»» 


Sir  John  Pettus,  of  Suffolk,  kn*.  oue  of  the  de- 
aly-govemors  of  the  mines-royal,  &c.  JEi.  70,  1681. 
I.  White  sc.  k.  sh. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Lord  Sandys's,  at  Ombersley,  in 
'^orcestershire. 

Sir  John  Pettus,  of  Chestou-hall,  in  Suffolk,  was  member  of  par- 
iment  for  Dunwicb,  in  that  county,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  IL  He 
as  author  of  "  Fodinse  Regales ;  or  the  History,  Laws,  and  Places 
"  the  chief  Mines  and  Mineral  Works  in  England  and  Wales,  and 
le  English  Pale  in  Ireland  ;  and  also  of  the  Mint  and  Money ; 
ith  a  Clavis,  explaining  some  difficult  Words  relating  to  Mines,** 
c.  Lond.  1670 ;  fol.  He  wa^  also  author  of  ^*  England's  Inde- 
sndency  on  the  Papal  Power/'  &c.  Lond.  1674 ;  4to«  **  Volatiles 
cm  the  History  of  Adam  and  Eve,"  printed  at  London  the  same 
sar;  8vo.  <<  Of  the  Constitution  of  Parliaments,"  Lond.  1680; 
ro.  and  of  "  Fleta  Minor,  or  the  Laws  of  Art  and  Nature,  in  know- 
ig,  judging,  assaying,  fining,  refining,  and  enlarging  the  bodies  of 
Dnfined  Metals ;  in  two  Parts  ;  translated  from  the  German  of  La- 
ims  Ereckens,  Assay-master-general  of  the  Empire  of  Germany," 
683 ;  fol.  He  gave  it  the  title  of  '<  Fleta  Minor,"  because  he 
"anslated  it  in  the  Fleet.    His  head  is  prefixed  to  this  book. 


MISCELLANEOUS  AUTHORS. 
THOMAS  HOBBES,  nobilu  Anglus. 

t 

Thomas   Hobbes,   Malmsburiensis  ;    three  verses 

rom  Juvenal ;  %vo. 
▼ox.  V.  2  p 


290  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY  - 

Thomas  Hobbes  ;  a  small  oval,  in  the  title  to  his 
''Homer;''  1677. 

Thomas  Hobbes,  JEf.  76.  Faithorne  sc.  Round  the 
Gval  are  these  words^  "  En  quam  modice  habitat  "  PAi- 
losophia  /'  Ato.  I  have  seen  this  before  his  Latin  worh^ 
in  Svo. 

Thomas  Hobbes,  JEt.  76.  Clarke  sc.  copied  from 
Faithorne. 

Thomas  Hobbes,  JEt.  92.*  Bapt.  Caspar  pin.viL 
Hollar  f  h.  sh.'\ 


9f 


There  is  a  head  of  him  before  his  '*  Memorable  Sayings.' 

His  portrait,  said  to  have  been  painted  by  Dobson,  is  at  the 
Grange^  in  Hampshire. 

Soon  after  the  restoration.  Cooper,  the  celebrated  limner,  is  said 
to  have  been  employed  to  draw  his  portrait  for  the  king,  who  kept 
it  in  his  closet.  But  Sorbiere  tells  us,  that  '*  his  majesty  shewed 
him  a  copper  cut  of  his  picture,  in  his  closet  of  natural  and  mecha* 
nical  curiosities,  and  asked  him  if  he  knew  the  face  V*X  The  print 
here  spoken  of  was  doubtless  that  engraved  by  Faithorne,  as  that 
by  Hollar  was  done  several  years  after  the  death  of  Sorbiere.  The 
other  heads  of  him  appear  to  be  copies  from  these  two.  Mr.  Wood 
informs  us,  that  his  picture  was  in  such  esteem  in  France,  that  the 
virtuosi  of  that  country  came  as  it  were  on  pilgrimages  to  see  it, 

Thomas  Hobbes,  a  man  of  much  learning,  more  thinking,  and 
not  a  little  knowledge  of  the  world,  was  one  of  the  most  celebrated, 
and  admired  authors  of  his  age.     His  style  is  incomparably  better 


*  This  date  was  afterward  added.  Hobbes  was  not  so  old  when  the  plate  was 
engraved. 

t  Hollar,  in  a  letter  addressed  to  Mr.  Aubrej,  which  is  now  in  Ashmole's  Museum, 
tells  him,  '*that  he  shewed  this  print  to  some  of  his  acquaintance,  who  said  it  was 
Terj  like ;  but  Stent,  says  he,  has  deceived  me,  and  maketh  demur  to  have  it  of  roe, 
as  that  at  tliis  present  my  labour  seemelh  to  be  lost ;  for  it  lieth  by  me.'^  This  ap- 
pdtfs  to  bafie  been  with  a  view  of  beating  down  the  price.  Stent  was  a  printscllcr, 
and  is  well  known  to  have  greatly  underrakied  the  labours  oCHoUar. 

t  Sorbierfc's  **  Voyage  to  England,"  p.  39. 


OF   ENGLAND.  991 

hwn  that  of  an]^  other  writer  in  the  reign  of  Charles  L  and  was,  for 
H  uncommon  strength  and  purity,  scarcely  equalled  in  the  suor 
ceding  reign.  He  has,  in  translation,  done  Thucydides  as  much 
nitice  as  he  has  done  injury  to  Homer :  but  he  looked  upon  him- 
wlf  as  bom  for  much  greater  things  than  treading  in  the  foot^ 
rteps  of  his  predecessors.  He  was  for  striking  out  new  paths  in 
Kience,  government,  and  religion ;  and  for  removing  the  land- 
narks  of  former  ages.  His  ethics  have  a  strong  tendency  to  cor- 
aiptour  morals,  and  his  politics  to  destroy  that  liberty  which  is  the 
birthright  of  every  human  creature.  He  is  commonly  represented 
U  a  sceptic  in  religion,  and  a  dogmatist  in  philosophy ;  but  he  was 
a  dogmatist  in  both.  The  main  principles  of  his  '[  Leviathan'*  are 
H  little  founded  in  moral  or  evangelical  truth,  as  the  rules  he  laid 
down  for  squaring  the  circle  are  in  mathematical  demonstration. 
Big  book  on  human  nature  is  esteemed  the  best  of  his  works.  Ob, 
<Jkc.l679,JEt.92* 

SIR  WILLIAM  TEMPLE.  P.  Lely  p.  J.  Hou- 
^aken  sc.  In  the  collection  of  John  Temple^  esj. 
^bat.  Head. 

The  three  Graces  are  represented  in  the  ornaments  belonging  to 

**•  portrait.f 

"few  authors  have  been  more  read,  or  more  justly  admired,  than 
r  William  Temple.  He  displays  his  great  knowledge  of  books 
^d  men  in  an  elegant,  easy,  and  negligent  style,  much  like  the  lan- 
t^e  of  genteel  conversation.  His  vanity  often  prompts  him  to 
>Qak  of  himself;  but  he  and  Montaigne  are  never  more  pleasing 
lan  when  they  dwell  on  that  difficult  subject.  It  is  a  happy  cir- 
ttnstance  for  his  readers,  that  so  polite  and  learned  a  writer  was- 

^  It  is  well  known  tbat  Hobbes  was  macb  pleased  with  the  foUoni^og  epitaph, 
^ich  was  made  for  him  a  considerable  time  befora  his  death :    . 

This  is  t^e  FHiLOSorHER's  Stonx. 

^•  FtiUer,  who  was  a  punster,  woald  doubtless  have  been  pleased  with  the  next : 

Here  lies  Fuller's  Earth. 

ikt  this  was  made  after  his  decease.    Both  are  so  much  in  the  same  style  as  <6 
Kider  it  prpbable  that  they  were  bj  the  same  hand. 

t  "  He  was  (says  Mr.  Melmoth)  the  first  of  our  prose  aoUiors  Vrho  inUodoced  a 
^ceful  manner  into  our  language. 


2f92i'  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

also  a  vain  one :  they  are  great  gainers  by  this  foible.  He  is  s 
times  inaccuratif;  but  hb  inaccuracies  escape  us  unseen,  or  are 
little  attended  to.  We  can  easily  forgive  a  little  incorrectnc 
drawing  in  the  paintings  of  a  Correggio,  when  there  is  so  i 
beauty  and  grace  to  atone  for  it.*  Ob,  Jan.  1698,  JEt.  70. 
Class  V. 


ALGERNOON  SIDNEY  or  (Sydney),  in  arm 
looking  to  the  right ;  4to.  mezz. 

Algernoon  Sidney,  esq.  J.  Smith  exc.  Ato. 

Algernoon  Sidney,  in  ai^mour ;  oval, 

Algernoon  Sidney,  with  his  motto. 


a 


Manus  heec  inimica  tyrannis 


Ense  petit  placida  sub  Ubertate  quieteni.'' 

fief  ore  his  "  Discourses  on  Government  ^  folio^ 

Algernoon  Sidney.  Picart  sculp,  dir.  1724; 

Algernoon  Sidney  ;  beheaded  1683.   Savagi 
In  the  same  plate  with  seven  others  ;  large  h.  sh. 

Algernon  Sidney,  esq.  M.  70  (61),  1682  (16$ 
oval;  mourning  achievement ;  h.  sh. 

Algernon  Sidney,  who  saw  and  deplored  the  abuses  of  i 
power,  w^ote  much,  and,  as  some  think,  much  to  the  purpose 
republican  government.  He  did  not  only  write  from  his  judgn 
he  also  wrote  fi'om  his  heart ;  and  has  informed  his  reader  of ' 

*  As  we  are  apt  implicitly  to  adopt,  and  tenaciously  to  retain  the  errors  of 
authors,  it  should  be  observed  here,  that  Sir  William  Temple,  at  p.  249  of  his 
troduction  to  the  History  of  England,"  speaks  of  the  abolition  of  the  trial  ofc 
fight,  or  duel,  by  William  the  Conqueror.  This  is  a  great  mistake;  for  he  ii 
duced  it,  as  appears  in  the  glossary  to  Kennet's  "  Parochial  Antiquities,"  undei 
article  Bbllum  DuELLUM.  See  what  Nicolson,  in  his  "  English  Historical 
brary,"  says  of  Temple's  introduction  to  our  national  history. 


OF  ENGLAND.  298 

le  feltf  as  "well  as  what  he  knew.    He  was  so  far  from  thinking 

feastance  unlawful,  that  he  actually  entered  into  babals  for  restraih- 

uig  the  exorbitances  of  the  crown.     He  was  tried  and  condemned 

for  conspiring  the  death  of  the  king,  by  a  packed  jury  and  an  in- 

ftmous  judge.*     Only  one  witness  appeared  against  him,  but  his 

papers  on  government  were  deemed  equivalent  to  another.     He  had 

in  these  asserted,  that  power  is  delegated  from  the  people  to  the 

prince,  and  that  he  is  accountable  to  them  for  the  abuse  of  it.    This 

was  not  only  looked  upon  as  treason,but  blasphemy  against  vicegeren^^ 

of  the  great  Governor  of  the  world.     Though  he  was  haughty  and 

overbearing  in  his  behaviour,  perhaps  none  in  this  reign  died  more 

lamented,  except  the  good  and  popular  Lord  Russel.      He  was 

regarded  as  the  second  martyr  to  patriotism.     He  was  executed 

Dec.  7,  168.3,     See  the  Interregnum,  Class  V. 


MARTIN  CLIFFORD.  M.  Vandergucht  sc.  In  the 
octavo  edition  of  Cowley^ s  Works. 

Martin  Clifford,  master  of  the  Charter-house,  was  educated  at 
Westminster  School,  and  thence  elected  to  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1640.  He  was  a  man  of  parts  and  a  polite  scholar,  and 
lived  in  great  intimacy  with  most  of  the  wits  of  this  reign.  Dr.  Sprat 
bas  dedicated  to  him  his  "  Life  of  Cowley,"  who  was  their  common 
friend.  He  was  author  of  a  "  Treatise  on  Human  Reason,"!  and 
Was  one  of  those  who  were  said  to  have  a  hand  in  "  The  Rehearsal," 
to  which  these  verses  in  the  "  Session  of  the  Poets"  allude : 

'*  Intelligence  was  brought,  the  court  being  sat. 
That  a  play  tripartite  was  very  near  made. 
Where  malicious  Matt.  Clifford,  and  spiritual  Sprat, 
Were  join'd  with  their  duke,  a  peer  of  the  trade.' 


11 


•  Jefferies* 

t  This  treatise,  which  occasioned  the  publication  of  several  pamphlets,  came  forth 
in  May,  1674.  "  It  happened  that  Dr.  B.  Laney,  bishop  of  Ely,  dined  with  many 
persons  of  quality,  in  October  following,  in  the  Charter-house  ;  and  whether  he  then 
knew  that  Mart.  Clifford,  the  master,  was  author  of.it,  is  uncertain.  However,  he 
being  then  asked  what  he  thought  of  that  book,  answered,  that  *twai  no  matter  if  all 
tht  eopiei  wern-^mt,  and  the  author  with  them ;  knowing  by  what  he  had  read  in 
the  book,  that  the  autlior  makes  every  man's  private  fancy  judge  of  religion,  which 
the  Roman  Catholics  have  for  these  hundred  years  cast  upon  protestantism.  ( 


X- 

X  **  Atlien.  Oxon.  ii.  col.  521.  It  wasreprinted  in  the  "  Plioenix  j"  8vo.  No.  XXX. 


294  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

He  is  here  and  elsewkere  called  Matt.  Cliffiofd ;  but  his  iiame  wis 
undoubtedly  Martin.* 

HADRIANUS  BEVERLANDUS,  M.  26.    J.  D. 
Voisp.    J.V. Munnikhuifse  sc.  h.  sh. 

Adrian  Beverland  and  his  wife  (or 
C.  D.  Vols  Lugd.  p.    Becket  exc.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Hadrianus  Beverland  ;  inscribed,  "  Viro  peril- 
lustri  Hadriano  Beverlando,  numismatum,  insectarum, 
cochlearum,  picturanim  rariorum,  vindici,  statori. 
Hanc  tab.  a  Sim.  du  Bois  delin.  L.  M.  Q.  C."  J.  Becket 
f.  monuments^  statues,  pyramids^  «§•(:.  large  h.  sh. 

Adrian  Beverland  and  his  mistress;  inscribed, 
"  Peccatum  Originale  ;"  h.  sh.  mezz. 

I  have  seen  the  name  of  John,  earl  of  Rochester,  on  this  print 

MoNS^  Beverland,  J.  U.  Q.  D.  "  Jugez  du  reste." 
Muyckpinx.  W.  Sherwinfec.  mezz.  in  an  ornamented 
border  ;  large  4to. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  Beverland,  by  Kneller,  in  the  picture 
gallery  at  Oxford. 

Mr.  Wood  mentions  this  author,  but  none  of  his  works ;  which, 
together  with  his  name,  deserve  to  sink  into  oblivion.  He  was  a 
native  of  Zealand,  and  is  said  to  have  been  banished  from  his 
country  for  publishing  obscene  and  profane  books.  His  style  was 
so  good,  that  what  was  said  of  Petronius  has  been  applied  to  him; 
"  that  he  is  5cri/?^or  purissimce  impuritatis"  He  was  author  of  the 
following  pieces  :  "  De  Peccato  Originali :  in  Horto  Hesperidum, 
Typis  Adami  et  Evoe,  Terrae  Fil."  1670;  8vo.  This  has  been 
reprinted.     ''Problema  Paradoxum,  de  Spiritu  Sancto;''   1678; 

•  See  Wood,  vol.  ii.  col.  804. 


OF   ENGLAND.  295 

ro.  ^'  De  stolatea  Virginitatis  Jure ;"  L.  Bat.  1680  ;  8yo.  ««  De 
ornicatione  cavenda,  Admonitio  ;"  1698 ;  8vo.  **  De  Prostibulis 
etenim/'  His  books  are  uncommon :  several  of  them  were  sold 
Dr.  Mead's  sale.*  See  more  of  him  in  **  Dissertatio  de  Libris 
»mbustis/'  in  "  Schelhornii  Ameenitates  Literarise,"  Francof.  et 
ips.  1727 ;  8vo.  torn.  vii.  p.  168  ;  and  in  John  Albert  Fabricius's 
Centuria  Plagiarionim,"  at  p.  84  of  his  ^*  Opuscula." 


JOHN   NORTON;  a  youths  or  rather  boy,  in  a 

mnd  cap  or  bonnet.  Under  the  prints  which  is  the 

*ontispiece  to  his  book,  is  a  Latin  and  English  distich, 
^.  Sherwin  sc.  Svo. 

John  Norton  published  a  book,  entitled,  "  The  Scholar's  Vade 
iecum,  or  tlie  serious  Student's  solid  and  silent  Tutor ;  being  a 
ranslation  of  Marcus  Antoninus  Flaminius  out  of  Latin  intoEng- 
ihj  with  some  few  Alterations  therein,  by  Vaie  of  Essay.  As 
80  certain  idiomatologic  and  philologic  Annotations  on  the  said 
utbor/'  1674;  8vo.  He,  at  the  end  of  his  Latin  dedication ,t 
yles  himself  Johanniculus  Nortonulus,  orta  Londinensis.  His 
'incipal  aim  in  this  work  was  to  introduce  a  new  mode  of  spelling, 
•unded  upon  derivation,  of  which  the  following  words  are  a  speci- 
en;  aer  for  air;  aql,  rather  than  eagle,  from  aquila;  deie,  deis, 
aily,  from  dies ;  feith  for  faith,  from  fides ;  pather  for  father,  from 
iter ;  paur  for  poor,  from  pauper ;  inimie  for  enemy,  from  inimi- 
IS ;  hoi  for  whole,  from  oXoc ;  nome  for  name,  from  nomen.  It 
ppears  from  this  short  specimen,  that  Norton,  though  enterprising 
ad  ingenious,^  had  not  attained  that  maturity  of  judgment  and 
Dmpetency  of  learning  which  is  necessary  for  the  reformation  of  a 
mguage ;  an  attempt  which  is  far  above  a  boy,  and  has  ever  been 
wught  a  work  of  too  arduous  and  delicate  a  nature  for  any  one 
uui.§ 


•  Vide  «*  Bibliotheca  Meadiana/'  p.  5. 

t  P.  130. 

t  Several  copies  of  verses,  which  are  prefixed  to  his  boois,  were  sent  him  upon 
^  occasion. 

i  Sheridan,  at  p.  373  of  his  "British  Education,"  published  in  1756,  says,  '*  We 
ive  stronger  reasons  than  ever,  at  this  very  juncture,  to  take  care  that  our  language 
-  not  wholly  destroyed.     One  arises  from  a  new-fangled  custom,  introduced  by 


296  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

CAREW  REYNELL,  esq.    Faithome  sc.  h.  sh. 

This  gentleman  was  author  of  the  following  book,  which  gained 
him  a  very  considerable  reputation  :  ''  The  true  English  Interest; 
or  an  Account  of  the  chief  national  Improvements,  in  some  political 
Observations,  demonstrating  an  infallible  Advance  of  this  Nation 
to  infinite  Wealth  and  Greatness,  Trade  and  Populacy;  with  Em- 
ployment and  Preferment  for  all  Persons;"  8vo.  1674.  See  a  more 
particular  account  of  this  work  in  the  "  Philosophical  Transactions/' 
vol.  ix.* 

ANDREW  SNAPE;  inscribed,  '' Effigies  Author  is 
M.  38,  1682."    R.  White  del.  et  sc.  h.  sh. 

Andrew  Snape  was  seijeant-farrier  to  Charles  II.  and  author  of 
*'  The  Anatomy  of  a  Horse,"  &c.  which  has  been  several  times 
printed  in  folio,  with  a  considerable  number  of  copper-plates.  His 
portrait  is  prefixed  to  this  book.  He  was  father  to  Dr.  Andrew 
Snape,  principal  master  of  Eton  School,  who  distinguished  himseir 
in  the  Bangorian  controversy.  I  find,  from  a  manuscript  note 
under  this  head  in  ^he  Pepysian  Collection,  that  one  of  the  family 
of  Snape  has  been  Serjeant- farrier  to  the  king  for  three- hundred 
years  past. 

some  late  authors,  of  spelling  words  differently  from  their  wiser  predecessors,  andi 
out  of  a  poor  ambition  of  shewing  their  learning,  omitting  and  changing  several 
letters,  under  pretence  of  pointing  out  their  derivation.  But  these  gentlemen  da 
not  consider  that  most  of  these  letters,  which  seem  useless  to  them  upon  paper,  or 
improper,  are  of  the  utmost  consequence  to  point  out  and  ascertain  tlie  pronuncia* 
tion  of  words,  which  is  already  in  too  precarious  a  state ;  so  that  if  this  custom 
should  continue  to  increase,  according  to  the  caprice  of  every  new  writer,  for  a  cen* 
tury  more,  the  best  authors  we  have,  will  by  that  time  appear  as  obsolete,  and  as 
difficult  to  be  read  arid  understood,  as  Chaucer  is  at  this  day."  The  same  author 
proceeds  next  to  censure  the  *'  peniicipus  custom,"  as  he  calls  it,  of  '*  throwing  the 
accent  as  far  back  in  our  polysyllables  as  possible.'*  He  next  speaks  in  very  high 
and  just  terms  of  Dr.  Johnson's  "  Dictionary.'* 

*  Andrew  Yarranton,  who  had  been  bred  a  mercer,  and  was  some  time  a  soldier 
in  the  civil  war,  published  a  book  on  a  similar  subject  wilh  this  of  ReynelJ.  It  is 
entitled,  "  £ngland*s  Improvement  by  Sea  and  Land,"  &c.  1677 ;  4to.  It  contains 
several  things  well  worth  the  reader's  notice.  The  author,  who  has  given  some  ac- 
count of  himself  at  p.  193,  was  a  very  noted  projector,  and  met  with  great  encou- 
ragement from 'several  persons  of  dbtinction.  Roger  Coke,  esq.  was  author  of 
*'  A  Discourse  of  Trade,"  which'is  much  commended  by  Yarranton.  J.  -Gee's  book 
on  Trade  and  Navigation  is  in  good  esteem. 


OF    ENGLAND.  297 

Before  "  The  complete  Horseman  and  expert  Farrier  j^ 
y  THOMAS  DE  GREY,  esq.  1670;  is  an  anonymous 
juestrian  jigure^  which  was  probably  intended  for  his 
ortrait, 

STEPHANUS  MONTEAGE,  mercator  Londini, 
675.    E.  le  Davis/.  Ato. 

Stephen  Monteage  helped  greatly  to  bring  into  use  the  excellent 
ethod  of  keeping;  accounts  by  way  of  debtor  and  creditor ;  by 
hich  a  man  clearly  sees  what  he  gets  or  loses  by  every  article  of 
ade  in  which  he  is  concerned.  His  head  is  prefixed  to  his  ''  Debtor 
id  Creditor  made  easy/'  1675 ;  4to. 

JOHANNES  MAYNE,  philo.  accompt  M.  Mar- 
m?  sc. 

John  Mayne,  with  long  hair,  and  divided  on  the 
irehead.  The  plate  was  afterward  altered;  the  hair 
ver  the  right  shoulder  shortened,  and  made  more  bushy 
*i  the  forehead,  &;c. 

This  person  was  author  of  a  book  entitled^  ^'  ClavisComipercia- 
i/*  1674;  Svb.  before  which  is  his  portrait.  He  was  also  author 
'a  "  Treatise  of  Arithmetic,"  1675;  8vo.  in  which  he  tells  the 
ader,  that  the  part  which  treats  of  the  measuring  of  solids,  namely, 
le.prismoid,  the  cylindroid.  Sec.  is  wholly  new,  and  never  before 
tade  public.  The  author,  who  taught  school  in  Southwark,  whe^^ 
VbT  he  were  the  inventor,  which  he  seems  to  have  been,  or  only  the 
iprover  of  this  branch  of  the  mathematics,  deserves  to  be  rescued 
Ml  oblivion. 

NOAH  BRIDGES ;  four  English  verses,  inscribed 
5.  W.  (George  Wither)  ;  neatly  engraved  by  Faithome. 

Noah  Bridges  was  author  of  '^  Lux  Mercatoria :  Arithmetic  na« 
■ndand  decimal,  digested  into  a  more  easy  and  exact  Method  for 
Vol.  v.  2  Q 


298  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

resolving. the  most  practical  and  usefbl  Questions,  than  have  been 
yet  published;''  Lond.  1661.  His  head  is  before  this  book*  See 
the  division  of  the  Writingmasters  in  the  Interregnum. 

JAMES    HODDER,   writingmaster.     Gaywood  f. 
sir  verses;  l2mo.  in  an  oval  of  leaves  and  ornaments. 

*'  He  that  more  of  thine  excellence  would  know/'  &c. 

James  Hobder  ;  square^  12mo.  sijc  verses  as  above. 
Gaywood  fecit. 

James  Hodder  was  author  of  two  treatises  of  arithmetic ;  the  one 
vulgar,  and  the  other  decimal.  The  former  of  these  was  in  so  easy 
a  metbody  that,  in  a  few  years,  it  became  the  most  general  book  of 
the  kind  ever  published.  The  twelfth  edition,  revised  by  More,  who 
was  usher  and  successor  to  Hodder,  was  printed  in  1678.  He  was 
author  of  the  "  Penman's  Recreation;"  12mo.  1659  ;  to  which  his 
head  is  prefixed. 

•  r 

ROBERT  CHAMBERLAINE ;  holding  a  pen; 
shoulder-knot;  8vo. 

"  Ingenuous*  Chamberlaine,  brave  soul,  see  here 
In  his  effigies.     He  makes  appear. 
That  can't  withstand  his  wisdom,  pains,  €md  skill,. 
Which  puzzled  ages  past.     Numbers  now  will 
Triumph  in  their  fam'd  patron  Chamberlaine, 
Whose  art  'yond  all,  makes  things  abstruse  most  plain." 

W.  Binneman  sc.  8vo. 

The  r/tyme  under  this  head  is  so  very  wicked,  that  I  could  not 
transcribe  it  with  a  safe  conscience.  It  is  inserted,  because  I  have, 
no  other,  account  of  the  person.  He  seems  to  have  been  author  of 
a  book  of  arithmetic,  to  which  the  print  was  a  frontispiece.  Printed 
for  John  Clark,  at  Mercers'-chapel,  Cheapside,  1679;  and  dedi- 
cated to  Lord  Kilmurray  and  Thomas  Shaw,  esq.  He  appears  to 
have  published  "  The  Accomptant's  Guide,  or  Merchant's  Book- 
•        '  '        '  .  .      ■  •'  '     ■ 

♦SicOrig. 


OF   ENGLAND.  2d9 

eeper/'  with  tables  of  various  kinds ;  printed  for  the  same  person, 
ee  Granger's  **  Letters/'  p.  170. 

SIR  WILUAM  WOOD,  M.  82.  R.  Clamp.  In 
iardings  '^Biographical  Mirrour  ;"  from  the  original 
t  the  Toxopholite  Societrfs  room. 

SiE  William  Wood,  marshal  to  the  regiment  of 
rchers  ;  long  beard;  Ato.  metz. 

I  never  saw  this  print  but  in  Mr.  Pepys's  collection.  Maitland 
Us  us,  in  his  "  History  of  London/*  that  the  title  of  5ir  was  given 
•  William  Wood  as  a  compliment  of  his  brethren  archers  by  way 
'  pre-eminence  for  his  dexterity  in  shooting.  He  was  author  of  a 
K>k  with  the  following  title  :  "  The  Bowman's  Glory ;  or  Archery 
mved,  giving  an  Account  of  the  many  signal  Favours  vouch- 
ifed  to  Archers  and  Archery,  by  King  Henry  VIIL  James,  and 
harles  L  &c.  by  William  Wood."  1682.»  He  lies  buried  in  the 
lurch  of  St.  James,  Clerkenwell.    This  is  part  of  his  epitaph : 


«« 


Sir  William  Wood  lies  very  near  this  stone, 
In's  time,  of  archery  excelled  by  none  : 
Few  were  hisjeqaals ;  and  this  noble  art 
Hath  suffered  now  in  the  most  tender  part/'  &c. 

Ob,  Sep.  4,  1691,  JEt.  82.    See  Harding's  "  Biographical  Mir 
aur." 


ASTROLOGERS,  &c. 

WILLIAM  LILLY,  student  in  astrology.  T.  Cross 
X.  small.  The  head  now  before  me  is  in  the  title  to  his 
ilmanackfor  the  year  1678. 

.  Lilly's  Aiinanack,  which  maintained  its  reputation  for  a  long 
'Qurse  of  years,  seems  to  have  been  one  of  those  books  which  were 
lK>ught  necessary  for  aU  families,  I  can  easily  imagine  that  the 
Athor  scarce  evei;  went  into  the  house  of  a  mechanic  where  he  did 
'ot  see  it  lying  upon  the  same  shelf  with  "The  Practice  of 
'iety,"  and  "  The  Whole  Duty  of  Man.*' 

*  The  reader  ma^  see  more  coiicerning  archery  in  Afcham'f  "  Toxopliilus." 


302  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Henry  Coley  ;  an  anonymous  head,  in  a  plain 
neckcloth  with  the  signs  of  the  zodiac  about  it.  I  tab 
this  heady  which  is  well  engraved,  to  be  the  same  whkl 
is  mentioned  by  Mr.  Walpole,  at  p.  108  of  his  "  Caior 
iogtie  of  Engravers,'"  second  edit,  under  the  artkk  of 
Robert  White.  There  is  an  octavo  print  of  hi% 
different  from  this,  with  Whitens  name  to  it. 

Henry    Coley,   ^^  teacher  of  mathematicks  f  i» 
an  oval. 

Mr.  Wood  informs  us,  that  Coley  was  a  tailor  by  trade,  and  tbei 

dopted  son  of  Lilly,*  who  made  him  a  present  of  the  thirty-sixth 

impression  of  his  "  Ephemeris."     This  was  continued  by  the 

for  many  years : 

—  *'  Sequiturqae  patrem  non  passibus  aequis." 

His  principal  work  is  his  '*  Key  to  the  whole  Art  of  Astrology," 
which  there  is  an  improved  edition,  called  "  A  Key  to  the  whc 
Art  of  Astrology  new  filed."     He  took  care  to  inform  the  worW 
that  he  lived  in  Baldwin's-court,    Gray's-Inn-lane,  over  against] 
the  Hole  in  the  Wall,  where  he  was  much  resorted  to  as  an  astro-j 
loger,  a  fortune-teller,  and  a  caster  of  urine. 


JOHANNES  MIDDLETON,  Philomath  ;  a  hmi 
in  an  octagon  frame,  over  which  are  the  sun,  moon)^ 
and  stars. 

This  mean-looking  figure  appears  more  like  a  country  felM 
who  comes  to  have  his  fortune  told,  than  an  astrologer  and  fortu 
teller.     He  was,  however,  the  author  of  a  book  of  astrology,  p 
lished  in  1679,  8vo.  to  which  is  prefixed  his  head. 


RICHARDUS    SAUNDERS,    student    in  pliysi 


*  The  custom  of  adopting  sons  had  long  obtanied  among  astrologers  and  chvDBH 
It  has  been  mentioned  before,  under  the  article  of  Blacrave. 


■  f-  ■•  "    ■•'. 


-."■' 


J* 


■  .■■■.  ■>■ 

■  ^ 


.  ■*'  •■ 


■'■■.  r' 


,-K;. 


.  'i: . 


.-■'.■.',- ^ 


■  '■  *■-!. 


■'- '■ .  'i    ^''  ■■■■■■  -i^^       *        -  J, 

-''■-m^^:    :  .-  ,..     -■■■        ■•■   ^*^:%- 

•  .VJ:V?:^=^>   >■■■  •.;^:>.  .;.     -..      .:■■% 

:T?  a.-.      -    ■  ;  •■■*r?".   i-ru:   ■  ■.-■■'■    -^^ 

''•     .  -?«.Xj:  ..•",■  .-J  i-  ■ .  ■■   ■  "s ft.-y 


V.«««  (,  WA'../.^rf...N-jy)^^^J 


OF   ENGLAND.  303 

ology,  1677;  a  book  in  his  right  hand;  his 
celestial  globe. . 

iRD  Saunders.  T.  Cross.  Prefixed  to  his 
gnomy^  fol. 

LED  Saunders  ;  fol.  sia?  verses. 

Sannders  was  author  of  *'  The  Astrological  Jodgment 
36  of  Physicky  deduced  from  the  Position  of  the  Heavens 
anbitaire  of  the  sick  Person:  wherein  the  fundamental 
bereof  are  most  clearly  displayed  and  laid  open :  shew- 
umtersal  method^  not  only  the  Cause,  but  the'  Cure  and 
manner  of  Diseases  incident  to  human  Bodies,  d^.  being 
feaiis  Practice  and  Experience  of  Richard  Saunders,  Stu- 
ysick  and  Astrology;*'  1677 ;  4to.     His  portrait  is  before 

.  He  was  also  author  of  a  folio  on  physiognomy,  chiro- 
iles,  dreams,  &c.  of  which  various  extracts  and  abridg- 
:e  been  made,  and  sold  by  the  hawkers.  Physiognomy 
oancy  were  more  respected  in  the  reign  of  Charles  XL 
have  been  since :  they  were  then  regarded  as  next  in 
their  sbter  Astrology.* 


VNNES  HEYDON,   eques,  &c.  Nat.  1629. 
9C.     Before  his  "  Holy  Guide;'  1662 ;  12mo. 

thorhad  ho  right  to  the  title  of  eques, 

KN£s  RBYBoif^.&c.    Sherwin  so.  l2mo. 

NNES  Heydon  ;  a  small  bt$stj  with  ornaments, 
ngraved ;  over  the  head  is  this  inscription^  in  a 


'el jn  has,  in  his  "  Numismata/'  given  ns  a  long  chapter  upon  physiog- 
:  first  book  of  chiromancy  ever  printed  in  England  was  published  by 
arton,  in  1652,  octavo,  and  dedicated  to  Mr.  Asbmole.  It  is  a  traosla- 
e  Latin  of  John  Rothraan,  M.  D. 


304  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 


label ;   "  Heydon's*   Way  to   Happiness,   in    Nature, 
Reason,  and  Philosophy  f  Svo. 

John  Heydon,  with  arms,  8gc.    W.  Richardson. 

John  Heydon,  who  sometimes  assumed  the  name  of  Eugenius 
Theodictatusy  was  a  great  pretender  to  skill  in  the  Rosicrucian 
philosophy  and  the  celestial. sciences.  There  is  something  truly 
original  in  his  books ;  and  he  appears  to  have  far  out-canted  all 
the  rest  of  his  brethren.  His  chymical  and  astrological  works  are 
numerous :  but  I  shall  pass  oyer  that  in  which  he  bas  made  ''  A 
Discovery  of  the  true  Coelum  Terr,"  and  that  which  contains  "  The 
occult  Power  of  the  Angels  of  Astronomy  in  the  Telesmaticalt 
Sculptures  of  the  Persians  and  £g3rptians  ;**  and  several  others 
equally  extraordinary;  and  transcribe  only  two  of  their  titles,  name- 
ly, **  The  English  Physician's  Guide,  or  the  holy  Guide ;  leading 
the  Way  to  know  all  Things  past,  present,  and  to  come;  to  resolve 
all  manner  of  Questions,cure  all  Diseases;  leading  the  Way  to  Virtue, 
Art,  and  Nature,  and  to  the  golden  Treasures  of  Nature  by  Transmu- 
tation; witb  the  Rosie  Cross  uncovered,  and  the  Places,  Temples^ 
holy  Houses,Castles,  and  invisible  Mountains  of  the  Brethren  dis- 
covered and  communicated  to  the  World,  for  the  full  Satisfaction  of 
Philosophers,  Alchymists,  &c.  all  in  six  Books,  with  a  small  Chy- 
mical  Dictionary ;''  Lond.  1662 ;  8vo.  ^'  Hammeguleb  Hampan- 
neah ;  or  the  Rosie  Crucian  Crown,t  set  with  seven  Angels,  seven 
Planets,  seven  Genii, twelve  Signs,  twelve  Ideas,  sixteen  Figures;  and 
their  occult  Powers  upon  the  seven  Metals,  and  their  miraculous 
Virtues  in  Medicines ;  with  the  perfect  and  full  Discovery  of  the 
Pantarva  and  Elexirs  of  Metals,  prepared  to  cure  Diseases  :  where- 
unto  is  added  Eihauareuna  presorio,  Regio  Lucis  et  Psonthon ;'' 
Lond.  1665 ;  8vo. — ^The  author,  who  has  given  us  the  outlines  of 
his  character,  in  the  title-pages  of  his  books,  was  much  resorted  to 
by  the  Duke  of  Buckingham ;  who,  like  the  godless  regent  mention- 
ed by  Mr.  Pope,  was  much  infatuated  with  judicial  astrology.  He 
employed  Heydon  to  calculate  the  king's  and  his  own  nativity ;  and 
was  assured  that  his  stars  had  promised  him  great  things.  He  was 
also  employed  by  the  duke  in  some  treasonable  and  seditious  prac- 

*  His  name  was  sometimes  written  Haydon. 

t  Hejdon,  if  he  meant  any  thing  by  this  word,  meant  tdHsmamcalm 

X  This  title  is  taken  from  the  second  book. 


* 


OF    ENGLAND.  305 

ices,  for  whieh  he  was  sent  to  the  Tower,  where  he  was  more 
^onoutably  lodged  than  he  had  ever  been  before.*  He  lost  much 
*f  his  former  reputation,  by  tellmg  Richard  Cromwell  andThurloe, 
^ho  went  to  him  disguised  like  cavaliers,  that  Oliver  would  infalli- 
•ly  be  hanged  by  a  certain  time,  which  he  outlived  several  years. 
le  married  the  widow  of  Nicholas  Culpeper,  and  succeeded  to 
aUch  of  his  business. 


JOViNy  commonlt/  called  JACK  ADAMS  ;t  i^  ^ 
^antastic  dresSy  with  a  tobacco-pipe  at  his  girdle,  stand- 
ng  at  a  table,  on  which  lie  a  horn-book  and  Poor  Ro- 
unds Almanack.  On  one  shelf  is  a  single  row  of  books  ; 
vnd  on  another  several  boys'  play-things,  particularly 
lops,  marbles,  and  a  small  drum.  Before  him  is  a  man 
genteelly  dressed,  presenting  five  pieces  ;  from  his  mouth 
proceeds  a  label  thus  inscribed :  "  Is  she  a  Princess?'' 
This  is  meant  for  Carleton,  who  married  the  pretended 
German  princess.  Behind  him  is  a  ragged  slatternly 
\ooman,  who  has  also  a  label  at  her  mouth  with  these 
cords:  "  Sir,  can  you  tell  my  fortune  T'  At  the  bottom 
s  a  satirical  inscription  in  barbarous  Latin,  or  rather 
English  with  Latin  terminations,  addressed  to  Adams, 
"yjko  is  styled  "  Jacko  Cumiingmanissimo,''  Sgc.  ^c. 
W.  Sherwin)  8w.  rare. 

This  curious  print  is  copied  by  Caulfield  and  Thane, 

Jack  Adams,  professor  of  the  celestial  sciences  at  ClerkenwelU 
Teen,  was  a  blind  buzzard  that  pretended  to  have  the  eyes  of  an 
agle.  He  was  chiefly  employed  in  horary  questions,  relative  to 
^ve  and  marriage;  and  knew,  upon  proper  occasions^  how  to 
obthe  the  passions  and  flatter  the  expectations  of  those  who  con- 

*  "  There  was  a  poor  fellow,  says  Lord  Clarendon,  who  had  a  poorer  lodging, 
bout  Tower-hill,  and  professed  skill  in  horoscopes ;  to  whom  the  duke  often  re- 
^t^  in  disguise,  &c."  Tliis  poor  fellow,  as  appears  from  Carte's  **  Life  of  the 
^ke  of  Orniond,*'  was  Hey  don.     See  the  **  Cuntin.  of  Lord  Clarendon's  Life." 

t  This  print  may  be  placed  here,  or  in  the  twelfth  class. 

Or.  V.  2  R 


If 


306  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

suited  liim ;  as  a  hian  might  Lave  had  much  better  Tortune  from 
him  for  five  g:uincas  tban  foe  the  same  number  of  shillings.  He 
affected  a  singular  dress,  and  cast  his  horoscopes  with  great  bo- 
lemnity.  When  he  fiiiled  in  his  predictions,  he  declared  that  the 
stars  did  not  absolutely  force,  but  powerfully  incline;  and  threw 
the  blarae  upon  wayward  and  perverse  fate:  be  maiatained  that 
their  teodency  was  iutrinsically  right,  when  they  iatimated  such 
things  ae  were  never  verified  ;  and  that  they  were  only  wrong,  as 
the  hand  of  a  clock  made  by  a  skilful  workman,  when  it  is  moved 
forward  or  backvrard  by  any  external  and  superior  force.  He  as- 
sumed the  character  of  a  learned  and  cunning  man ;  but  was  no 
otherwise  cunning,  tban  as  he  knew  how  to  over-reach  those  cre- 
dulous mortals,  who  were  as  willing  to  be  cheated  as  he  was  to 
cheat  them,  and  who  relied  implicitly  upon  his  art.* 


JAMES  JULL,  astrologer;  l2mo. 


The  mercurialists,  physiognomist  a,  c  hi  romancers,  astrologers, 
philomaths,  and  well-wishers  to  the  mathematics,  were  more  nu- 
merous in  this  reign  than  they  have  been  at  any  other  period. 
There  was  a  large  collection  of  iheir  works  in  the  Harleian  Library.t 


■  Aslrologcts  ire  cmpit 
the  credulity  of  tht  peopi 
which  there  was  not  a  calci 

by  the  generalilj  of  the  t 
planetary  iirfluence  »a.  . 
eipecially  iii  love  affairs. 

e  at  this  pt 
jlatotofna 

ulgar,  eslee 
lupposed  ti 
T  h»ve  he 
ing.  «  a,. , 
r    Noi>e 

science,  as  quacks 
liviiies,  and  a  caller 

J  be  of  Ifao  greatei 
ard  of  a  -oioan  wh 
ipoiogy  for  her  ill  ci 
;  can  prevent 

are  in  physic.     Such  dib 

of  Drine.  Some,  la  theii 
,pfcj;«««-,dc«Wog3,-a., 

Id  a  mert  phyiician;  and 
,t  efficacy  in  hnman  life, 
.0  nianied  verj  foolishly, 

"  r"J  ""  ""  ' 

.nduc. 

It  ivai  currently  repotted  among  ihe  people  who  beat  knew  the  wifi:,  Ibat  "  tb* 
stars  also  intendtd  that  the  poor  husband  should  be  a  cucknid."  I  have  said  more 
than  I  should  ollier»ise  have  dune  on  this  subject,  as  I  ha»e  now  before  me  a 
athenie  of  a  nativily,  drann  up,  for  aught  I  know  to  the  eontrary.  by  Jack  Adams. 
This  alone  would  scrte  for  a  satire  upon  astrology. 

1  There  appeared,  in  the  reign  of  Chajles  II.  an  almanack  under  Ibe  name  of 
"  Poor  Robin,  a  Well-wisher  to  the  Malhematics."  which  has  been  continued  for 
aboat  a  century.  The  author  hit  the  tatte  of  the  common  people,  wbo  were  much 
delighted  «Jth  a  wit  of  (heir  own  leye).  Thl.  occasioned  the  publication  of  a  book 
of  juU  under  the  same  name,  and  in  Ihe  ttmt  relgo. 


OF   ENi&LANt).  807 

THOMAS  STAVELEY,  Proprsetor  Leicestrise.  Ob. 
Anno  1683,  JEtatis  sua  67.  In  Nichols's  "  History  of 
Leicestershire.^^ 

Thomfts  Staveley,  esq.  was  bom  at  East  Langton  in  1626,  atid 
after  baVing  completed  his  academical  education  at  Peter-house, 
Cambridge,  was  admitted  of  the  Inner  Temple,  July  2,  1647,  and 
caHed  to  the  bar  June  12,  1654.    He  married,  Dec.  31,  1656^ 
|[aTy,^e  youngest  daughter  of  John  Onebye,  esq.  of  Hinckley; 
^^  in  1662,  succeeded  his  father-^in-law  as  steward  of  the  recordu 
It  Leicester.    When  he  was  called  to  the  bar,  he  practised  the  law, 
and  Hved  for  the  greatest  part  of  his  tim^  at  Belgrave,  in  the  par- 
sonage-house  there;  where,  on  the  12th  of  October,  1669,  he  lost 
his  lady.     In  1674,  when  the  court  espoused  the  (sause  of  popery, 
and  the  presumptive  heir  of  the  crown  openly  professed  himself  a 
Catholic,  he  displayed  the  enormous  exactions  of  the  court  of 
Rome,  by  publishmg  the  '^  Romish  Horseleech."  About  six  or  seven 
years  before  his  death  he  removed  to  Leicester,  and  lived  in  the 
great  house  at  the  corner  of  the  Friers-lane,  near  the  iSouth-gate, 
where  he  died,  Jan.  2d,  1663-4,  in  his  57th  year,  and  was  buried 
ib  St.  Mary's  church,  in  a  very  solemn  manner,  the  mayor,  with  the  rest 
of  the  twenty-four  aldermen  and  their  wives,  i5rc.  attending  his  funeral. 
Having  passed  the  latter  part  of  his  life  in  the  study  of  English  his- 
tory, he  acquired  a  melancholy  habit ;  but  was  esteemed  a  diligent, 
judicious,  and  faithful  antiquary.    Mr«  Carte,  in  a  letter  to  Mr. 
Bridges,  in  May  1722,  says,  *'  The  character  which  I  have  re- 
ceived of  Mr.  Staveley  is,  that  he  was  of  a  middle  stflture  and  thin 
body  ;  that  he  was  given  to  no  vice,  was  strictly  just,  abhorred  all 
manner  of  fraud  or  bribery  in  his  practice  of  the  law,  was  very 
rarely  observed  to  be  in  a  passion,  being  of  singular  patience  under 
the  highest  provocations,  and  the  greatest  pains  which  very  severe 
fits  of  the  gout  exercised  with  him.     He  was  of  a  mild,  inoffensive 
disposition,  so  that  all  that  knew  him  had  a  respect  for  him  :  and 
as  he  was  very  early  made  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and  of  the  quorum, 
for  the  county  of  Leicestershire ;  so,  notwithstanding  the  several 
changes  in  t^  reign  of  Charles  the  Second,  he  continued  till  his 
death.     The  report  which  you  have  heard  of  bis  being  a  Papist 
is  false,  having  no  otber  ground  but  {hat  one  dP  hil  sons  did  b^ 
come  such :  but  lis  for  himself,  the  only  book  which  he  published 
in  his  lifetime  might  have  secured  him  from  such  an  imputatUHii 
viz.  *  The  Eomish  Horseleech,'  which  was  i^erlaii^y  his,  although 


308  BIOGRAPRICAL   HISTORY 

bis  name  be  not  set  to  iU    Sereral  years  after,  bis  youngest  sod, 
wbo  was  rector  of  Medboom  in  tbis  co«inty,  poblished  a  smaA 
treatise,  by  his  fatber,  under  tbe  title  of  '  Tbree  Historical  Essays  r . 
▼iz.  1 .  Proves  the  title  of  tbe  kings  of  England  to  tbe  crown  ofFrance; 
and  Tacates  tbe  law  saliqoe.    2.  Delineates  tbe  tides  o€  tbe  bones 
of  Yfuk  and  T«ancaster  to  tbe  crown  of  England ;  with  tbe  gmt* 
miscbiefe  and  chief  reasons  of  tbe  alternate  successes  of  &oaa' 
titles.     3.  Derires  tbe  title  of  King  Hairy  the  Serentb,  w^  Wr 
pedigree  and  issue.    Tbe  union  of  tbe  two  bouses  in  bim  ;  widi&a^ 
union  of  tbe  two  kingdoms  in  King  James ;  bow  far  be  proceeded 
therein  to  tbe  farther  uniting  of  diem ;  and  bow  far  it  was  prosecuted, 
in  King  Charies  tbe  Second's  time.     Written  some  years  since  fay. 
Thomas  Stareky,  esq.  1703.'    He  left  also  m  MS.  a  '  Histivy  of 
CbnrcbeSy*  which  was  puUisbed  in  1712;  and  a  collection  relating 
to  tbe  antiqaides  and  history  of  Leicester,  of  which  I  bad  some  dis-. 
course  with  you ;  and  if  you  desire  an  account  of  die  heads  of  it,  I  will 
draw  out  one,  and  send  it  you.     One  of  his  daughters,  Mrs.  Bra* 
dm^  Irres  now  at  Market-Harborougb^  from  whom  I  bad  most  of 
&e  particulars  above  mentioned :  and  ako  die  informs  me,  that 
ba  £aher  was  unde  and  guar£an  to  tbe  late  locd-kecper  Wrigfate, 
and  as  such  bad  &e  care  of  his  education;  wbidi  trust  be  dis- 
dmged  widi  boBour  and 


AN  AUTHORESS. 

HANNAH  WOOLLEY.    Faiikarm  f.  Svo.     The 
^ni  imprtmms  kmm  ike  mok  cf&armk  GiUm. 


Haxxah  Woolltt  ;  u»  tie  tiik  to  ^  The  Accom- 
pBske^  La£es  Hick  Closei  of  Xariiksr 


AH  WoouLXT ;  imam m«/^ 


s  Closet  opcsedT  u 
iMii  «D4  km^  bMs  puWdied^  w^en 
lik»  Ctose^-^  wbidh  was  pieievded  t»  be 
Ae  ftnaer.    Mis.  Waolfey  wiofee  "^  A 
KkftCI(MWI;  firatildeoferajTIii^'*  Her 


OF  ENGLAND.  309 

Preservingi;"'&c.  has  been  several  times  printed.  It  appears 
Q  *  Clavel's  Catalogue,  that  this  was  published  about  the  same' 
e  /with  ."  Digby's  Closet  opened.''  .  Mrs,  WooUey  was  also  au- 
r^  of  **  The  Gentlewoman's  Companion,  or  a  Guide  to  the  Fe- 
evSex  ;  containing  Directions  of  Behaviour  in  all  Places,.  Com- 
ies^"  &e.  This  was  reprinted  in  1674.  The  above  account, 
€sh  is .  taken  from  Clavel,  may  be  true :  but  it  is  not  very  im- 
Uatble  that  neither  the  portrait  nor  the  books  belonging  to  Mrs. 
iOHey;  :and  such  as  are  acquainted  with  the  frauds  of  modem 
Icsellers.  might  be  inclined,  to  think  that  no  such  person  ever 
Bted. — I  have  heard  an  old  lady,  who  was  very  learned  in 
ikery  and  its  appendant  branches  of  science,  say,  tliat  the  au- 
ITS  who  wrote  on  these  subjects  generally  stole  from  each  other. 


A  SCOTCH  AUTHOR. 
THOMAS  BINNING,  Scotus.  R.  White  sc.  Svo, 

'<  Effigiem  spectas ;  preestat  spectare  laborem : 
Ingenio  pollet ;  omnibus  arte  prsit." 

This  person,  who  was  a  sea-captain,  was  author  of  a  book  of 
annery;  Lond.  1676;  4t6. 


CLASS    X. 

ARTISTS,  &c. 

PAINTERS  OF  HISTORY,  &c. 

.ROBERT  &TBEATER*  ipse  p.    Bannerman  sc. 
'^  the  ^^  Anecdotes  of  Painting  r  Ato. 


•  In  "England's RecoVcry,  being  the  History  of  the  Army  under  tlic  conduct  of 
'  Thomas  Fairfax,"  fol.  1647,  is  an  etching  by  him  of  the  battle  of  Naseby,  in 
f>  sheets.    He  has  there  spelt  lib  name  Streeter. 


310  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

Robert  Streeter,  seijeant-painter  to  the  king,  was  one  dih 
most  universal  of  our  English  artists.    He  painted  history,  portfilt, 
landscape,  and  still-life.     If  he  had  confined  bis  talent  to  ciif 
branch  only,  he  would  doubtless  have  arrived  at  much  greator  lei^' 
cellence  tktn  he  did.     Some  of  his  fruit-pieces  were  deservad^ 
admired.     He  painted  several  ceilings  at  Whitehall,  whicli  mri* 
destroyed  by  the  fire ;  the  battle  of  the  giants  at  Sir  Rdlwrf ; 
Clayton's;  and  the  chapel  at  All  Souls  College,  at  Oxford.   W 
principal  work  is  at  the  theatre  in  that  universityi  a  perforoMiBoe 
altogether  unworthy  of  the  architect     Ob,  1680,  Jii,  66, 

VERRIO.  Bannerman  sc.  In  the  ^^  Anecdotes  (>j 
Painting;'"  Ato. 

Antonio  Verrio,  a  Neapolitan,  was  an  artist  of  more  inventioaj 
than  taste,  and  of  greater  expedition  than  correctness.  His  pompons, 
staircases  and  his  ceilings  are  popularly  esteemed  the  greatest  or- 
naments of  our  villas  and  palaces.  He  excelled  in  painting  marble 
steps  and  columns,  which  he  took  care  to  introduce  upon  every 
occasion.  He  has  painted  himself  at  Windsor,  in  a  long  periwig, 
among  the  spectators  of  Christ  healing  the  sick.    Oh,  1707. 

REMBRANDT  VAN  RHYN,  painter  and  en- 
graver ;  natus  1606,  ob.  1674. 

This  print  is  copied,  probably  by  Worlidge,  from  the  double  por- 
trait of  Rembrandt  and  his  wife.  It  is  prefixed  to  the  catalogue 
and  description  of  his  etchings,  printed  for  T.  Jefferys;  1752; 
12mo.  See  an  account  of  many  more  portraits  of  him  in  that  cata- 
logue. His  head  is  placed  here  upon  the  authority  of  Vertae, 
who  informs  us  that  he  paiiited  at  Hull  in  this  reign.* — His  portrait, 
by  himself,  is  at  Bulstrode. 

Though  Rembrandt  excelled  as  a  painter  of  history  and  portrait, 
and  especially  in  the  latter,  he  is  much  better  known  as  an  engraver. 
Some  of  his  prints  are  deservedly  famous  for  the  excellence  of  the 
dare  ohscurcy  as  it  is  seen  in  a  supposed,  or  accidental  light;  othen 
are  remarkable  for  the  extravagance  of  that  principle.  He  copied 
nature  with  all  its  defects,  as  he  saw  it  in  his  own  country;  and 

*  See  the  **  Anecdotes  of  Painting." 


OF   ENGLAND.  311 

1  this  he  sometimes  debased,  but  seldom  rose  above  it.  There 
vein  of  good  sense  running  through  most  of  his  works.*  His 
it  of  Christ  healing  the  sick,  esteemed  the  most  capital  of  his 
iiQgs,  sold,  some  years  since,  for  thirty  guineas  :  his  portrait  of 
Burgomaster  Six^  has  sold  for  more.  I  have  been  credibly  in- 
Qed  that  Mr.  Grose,  a  jeweller,  who  lived  lately  at  Richmond, 
k  130L  for  five  only  of  his  prints,  and  that  they  sold  for  much 
«,  at  the  sale  of  his  collection  soon  after  his  decease. 
liere  are  upwards  of  twenty  portraits  of  Rembrandt,  etched  by 
iself. 


PORTRAIT  PAINTERS. 

PETRUS  LELY,  pictor  Caroli  II.  Magnse  Bri- 
rniae  regis.  P.  Lely  delin.  A.  de  Jode  sc,  large 
ih^  or  an  ordinary  sheet. 

Peteus  Lelii  (Lely),  eques,  &c.  P.  Lely  p. 
Becketf.  h.  ah.  mezz. 

PETRtrs  Lely,  &c.  A.  sh.  mezz.  sold  hy  Smith. 

Petrus  Lely,  &c.  Lely  p.  oval;  mezz.  h.  sh.  sold 
Browne. 


Some  of  them  are  extremely  capricious ;  but  we  frequently  see  much  more 
fw«  in  the  QoIlcGtdrs  of  bis  prints,  than  In  the  character  of  the  artist«  It  is  in- 
ilble  what  sums  of  monej  have  been  paid  by  connoisseurs  for  some  of  the  rao&t 
Meal  of  faia  performances.  These  gentlemen  are  sometimes  misled  by  preju- 
e.  They  have  been  so  accostomcd  to  use  spectacles,  as  to  have  kMt  the  natural 
'  of  their  eyes.  Men  of  good  sense,  though  absolutely  ignorant  of  the  principles 
kMei  |)«qaieutly  jndge.  better  ffom  the  efftett  o(  the  productions  of  the  fine  arts, 
B  others  do  from  rule  and  custom.  The  seeds  of  taste  are  implanted  in  mankind 
nature.  I  have  seen  a  country  fellow,  influenced  by  mere  natural  sensibility,  as 
A  struck  with  the  sight  of  a  wooden  bust  in  a  hatter's  shop-window,  as  a  judge 
tfrtmrj  would  be  at  the  sight  of  the  Belvedere  Apollo,  or  the  Venus  of  Medicis. 
^  Miiibilityy  corrected  tod  matured  by  judgment  and  exp^ience,  is  what  con* 
Nes  tnie  taste*  Sacfa  as  are  void  of  sentiment,  i^iempt  in  vain  to  acquire  it. 
how  comparatively  mean  is  that  confined  taste,  which  is  limited  to  the  rarities 
rt  only,  to  that  more  diffusive  one,  which  has  the  variety  of  nature  for  its  object, 
Can  view,  with  emotion^  the  wonders  of  the  cieatioB  1 


312  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Petrus  Lelt,  &c.  Leljif.   G.  Valckf.  Ato.  fnezz. 

Sir  Peter  Lely  ;  se  ipse  p.  Barmerman  sc.  copied 
from  A.  de  Jode.    In  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting  T  4to» 

Petrus  Lely.  JFtcquet  sc.   In  Des  Campcs  '^Pdn- 
tres.'' 

Mr.  Methuen  has  Sir  Peter  Lely  and  his  family  painted  m  oil  by 
himself.     His  head  in  Crayons,  by  himself,  is  at  Strawberry-hill. 

Sir  Peter  Lely,  who  painted  history  and  landscape  when  he  first 
came  into  England,  appUed  himself  afterward  to  portrait,  in  emula- 
tion of  Vandyck.     He  copied  the  works  of  that  admirable  master 
with  great  success ;  but  could  not  arrive  at  his  excellence  in  copj- 
ing  nature.     Vandy^  painted  what  he  saw  before  him ;  Leiy  ' 
painted  his  own  ideas.    In  Vandyck's  pictures  we  instantly  see  the  ' 
person  represented ;  in  Leiy's  we  see  the  paintar.     The  langonhiDg  ' 
air,  the  sleepy  eye,  the  cast  of  draperies,  shew  him  to  hare  been  i 
an  excessiTC  mannerist :  but  they  shew  him,  at  the  same  time,  to 
liaTC  been  an  excellent  artbt.     The  ladies  were  desiroiis  of  bong 
drawn  by  his  hand,  as  he  knew  how  to  bestow  beauty  where  nature 
had  been  sparing.  It  has  been  justly  said  of  him,  that  ^  he  painted 
many  fine  pictures,  but  few  good  portraits.^     O^.  30  November, 
1680,  J£L  63.    He  left  an  estate  of  900/.  per  anmim;  and  his  ju- 
dicious collection  of  paintings,  prints,    and  drawings,  sold  for 
26,00W. 


GODFRIDUS  KNELLER,  Germ,  missus  it  Gsrolo 
II.  ad  depingendum  LudoTicum  Magnum,  &c.  1685.^ 
Knetkrp.  J.  Beckeif  large  k.  sk.  mczt 


Godfrey  Kndler,  a  n^ve  of  Lnbeck,  cwae  to^  &giMwi  by  die 

way  of  Hamburgh,  and  was  empfeyed  to  paint  a  portrait  of  Charles 
IL  at  the  same  time  with  Sir  Peter  Lely,  who  candidly  bestowed 
great  praise  upon  hb  performance.  This  success  Sxcd  irifc<>H<»r  at 
the  English  court,  where  he  painted  seT«a  sovereigiH^  besides 
^bree  foetgm  ones^    Hb  pmeqpal  pakroa  w»  WiOimm  III.  who 


«  TW  kins  «t4  Mhi»  Ws  itiHnLai^ 


OF  ENGLAND.  313 

conferred  on  him  the  honour  of  knighthood,  and  engaged  Jiim  to 
paint  the  Hampton-court  beauties.     He  died  very  rich,  in  1723. 


JOHN  HOSKINS ;  from  a  miniature  'painted  by 
himself  in  the  collection  of  W.  Sotheby,  esq.  S.  Hard- 
ing  exc.  . 

For  the  life  of  this  valuable  master  (says  Lord  Orford),  fewer 
materials  than  of  almost  any  man  in  the  list,  who  arrived  to  so 
much  excellence,  can  be  found.  Vertue  knew  no  more  of  him 
than  what  was  contained  in  Graham's/'  English  School,*'  where  we 
are  only  told,  "  that  he  was  bred  a  face-painter  in  oil ;  but  after- 
ward taking  to  miniature,  far  exceeded  what  he  did  before ;  th^t 
he  drew  King  Charles,  his  queen,  and  most  of  the  court,  and  had 
two  considerable  disciples,  Alexander  and  Samuel  Cooper,  his 
nephews ; "  the  latter  of  whom  became  much  the  more  eminent 
limner." 

Hoskins,  though  surpassed  by  his  scholar,  the  younger  Cooper, 
was  a  very  good  painter:  there  is  great  truth  and  nature  in  his 
heads ;  but  the  carnations  are  too  bricky,  and  want  a  gradation  and 
variety  of  tints.  There  is  a  head  of  Serjeant  Maynard,  by  him^  at 
Strawberry-hill,  boldly  painted,  and  in  a  manly  style,  though  not 
without  these  faults;*  and  another  good  one  of  Lord  Falkland, 
more  descriptive  of  his  patriot  melancholy  than  the  common  |)rintS': 
it  was  in  the  collection  of  Dr.  Meade.  There  is  indeed  one  work 
of  Hoskins's  that  may  be  called  perfect :  it  is  the  head  of  a  man, 
rather  young,  in  the  gown  of  a  master  of  arts,  and  a  red  satin 
waistcoat;  the  clearness  of  the  colouring  is  equal  to'eitiier  of  the 
Olivers ;  the  dishevelled  hair  touched  with  exquisite  freedom.; -It 
is  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Fanshaw,  but  hot  known  whose  por- 
trait. Hoskins  died  in  February,  1664,  and  wjas  buried  in  Covent- 
gard^  church  the  22d  of  the  same  month. 


*  From  this  miaiature  an  engraving  .was  made,  a  few  jears  ago,  which  may,  be  found 
inLjson's  "  Environs  of  London/'  vol.ii.  p.  235.  At  Burleigh  is  a  portrait  of  David 
Ceaiy  son  of  John,  foarth  Earl  of  Exeter,  by  Frances,  daughter  of  the  Earl  ^f 
Rotland ;  it  u  dated  1644 :  and  another  of  Sir  Edward  Cecil,  afterward  Viscount 
VVimUedbn.  At  the  Earl  of  Dysart's,  at  Ham-house,  is  a  portrait  of  a  lady  by 
Um,  painted  in  a  superior  style. 

VOL,  V.  2  S 


314  BIOGRrAPHiCAI^   HiSTORY 

SAMUEL  COOPER ;  ipse  p.  Chambars  sc.  In 
the  ^^  Anecdotes  of  Painting  ;"  4io. 

Samuel  Cooper  was  a  disciple  of  his  uncle  Hoskins,  who,  though 
one  of  the  best  painters  of  his  age  in  miniature,  woff  fareiu*eeded 
by  his  n(;phew.  He  is  called  The  Vandydc  in  little^  and  is  well 
known  to  have  carried  his  art  to  a  greater  height  of  perfection  than 
any  of  his  predecessors.  His  excellence  was  limited  to  k  head. 
He  died  in  1672,  in  the  6dd  year  of  hi^  age.  His  wife  was  sister 
to  Mrs.  Eadith  Pope,  mother  to  our  celebrated  poet.* 

THOMAS  FLATMAN,  holding  a  drawing  of 
Charles  II.  in  his  left  hand;  en  medailk;  proof; 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

Thomas  Fl A TMAN.  Ha^lsp.Waikersc.  In  the 
"  Anecdotes  of  Painting  ;"  4to. 

Thomas  Flatman;  ipsepinxit^  1601.  Godefriysi. 
From  a  capital  miniature^  ^c. 

Thomas  Flatm an,  by  /.  T.  Wedgwood^  frQm  a 
dratping  by  Sir  Peter  Lely,  in  the  possession  of  C  afd 
H.  Baldwyn^  booksellers,  formerly  in  the  coUection  of 
Marl  Godolphin. 

Thomas  FUttnaA  was  bred  ta  the  law»t  but  neglected  that 
4ry  and  laborious  study,  to  pursue  his  itKelinatica  to  painting 
and  poetry.  S<»ne  of  his  tasteless  conteo^oraries  thought  him 
tqjially  excellent  in  both ;  but  o^e  of  his  heads  la  worths  &.  ream  of 
his  Pindarics;  I  had  almost  said  all  the  Pindarics  Amtii^  bi this 
reign.  His  works  are  extremely  scarce.  Vertue  saw  a  limning 
by  him  in  the  collection  of  Edward,  earl  of  Oxford,  which  was  so 
Anely- executed,  that  he  has  placed  him  upon  the  same  level  with 
Hoskiire, ,  and  next  to  Cooper.  06.  8  Dec.  1688,  Xt.  circ.  53. 
§ee  Class  IX. 


:V*  "-Anecdotes  of  Paintipg." 


OF   ENGLAND.  315 

OERRARD  ZOUST,  or  (SoBst).  Bannerman  $c. 
In  the  *'  Anecdotes  of  Painting  f'  Ato.  This  head  is  in 
the  same  plate  with  that  of  old  Griffier  and  Edema. 

'.  Ger^d  Zoast,  a  GertnaD,  was  deservedly  famous  for  painting 
dtoen's  portraits,  in  whicb  he  had  much  more  success  than  in  wo- 
men's. He  was  indeed  too  faithful  a  copier  of  nature  to  be  mudi 
ift  vog^t  ^moiig  the  ladiite.  The  low  price  which  h6  recei?ed  for 
jNunting  a  head,  which  was  but  3/.  shews  that  his  reputation  was 
fiu*  below  his  merit.  Riley  was  educated  under  hiro.  His  own 
portrait,  by  himself,  is  at  Houghton.  Its  admissioti  into  the  col- 
lection there  is  a  sufficient  proof  of  its  excellence.     Ob.  1681. 

■ 

GULIELMUS  WISSING,  inter  pictores  sui  seculi 
celeberrimos,  nulU  secundus ;  artis  suse  noo  exiguum 
decus  et  omamentum.  Ob.  Sept.  10,  An.  iEt.  31, 
D-M687.  ^ammodicisbrevisestiEtas."  W.Wissingp. 
J.  Smith  f.  f  1687);  h.  sh.  mez$. 

i  William  Wisstng,  who  WttB  a  disciple  of  Dodsiens,  a  history 
painter  at  the  Hague,  was,  for  some  tim^,  employed  under  Sir 
Peter  Lely,  whose  manner  he  imitated.     Upon  the  death  of  that 

~  artist,  he  became  the  paintef  in  togue,  68f>ecially  among  the  ladies. 

*Heis  said  to  have  alwayi  caught  the  beautiful  likeness;  and  if 

-any  of  liie  sex  wbo  sat  to  him  had  too  much  paleness  in  her  coun- 
tenano^,  which  is  frequently  thef  efFifect  of  long  sitting,  he  took  her 
by  the  hand,  and  daneed  her  about  the  room,  to  add  Kfe  and  Spirit 

^'  to  her  beauty.    He  painted  the  portraits  of  the  royal  family. 

MR.  GIBSON,    in  the  same  plate  with  his  wife. 
Walker  so.     In  the  *'  Anecdotes  of  Painting  ^  4/o. 

Richard  Gibson,  commonly  called  iltc  Dwairf^  to  distinguish  him 
irom  bis  nephew,  William  Gibson,  was  a  disciple  of  De  Cleyn, 
master  of  the  tapestry  works  to  Charles  I.  He  was  page  of  the 
back-stairs  to  that  prince,  and  so  much  in  his  favour,  that  he  did 
him  the  honour  to  give  him  his  little  wife  in  marriage.  He  im- 
proved himself  in  his  art  under  Sir  Peter  Lely,  whose  manner  he 


316  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

■/ 

succeMfulIy  imitated.  The  priiice«8es^  Mary  and  Anne,  wha  became 
afterward  queens  of  Great  Britain,  were  taught  to  draw  by  b'tm.: 
be  went  over  to  Holland  on  purpose  to  instruct  the  former,  ife 
sometimes  painted  historic  pieces,  but  applied  himself  chiefly  to 
portraits,  ^e  did  that  of  Cromwell  several  times.  Ob.  23»  July 
1690.    See  Mrs.  Gibsok,  in  the  next  Class.  > 


NICOLAUS  DE  LARGILLIERE ;  ipse  p.  Cherem 
sc.  sh.  There  are  also  prints  of  him  by  Depuis  and 
Desrochers. 

N.  DE  Largilliere,  his  wife  and  two  children; 
ipse  p.  Becketf.mezz.  large  h.  sh. 

NicoLAus  DE  Lar,gilli£R£.  N.  LargHUere;  Pi 
Dtevet.  •' 

NicoLAus  DE  Lahgilliere.   Wille.  sc.  8tw>. 

Largiliiere»  a  Frenchman/ was  a  portrait  painter  of  eminence  in 
this,  and  the  next  reign.  He  was  persuaded  by  Le  Brun  to  settle 
at  Paris,  though  much  inclined  to  fix  at  London.  He  was  an  in- 
timate friend  of  Rigaud,  who  is  said  to  have  been  his  competitor  as 
a  painter.  He  died  at  Paris,  in  1746,  aged  about  ninety.  He  was 
opployed  by  Sir  John  Warner,  and  several  other  persons,  some  of 
whom  were  of  the  first  distinction.*  Mr.  Walpole  mentions  the 
original  from  which  the  family-piece  above  described  is  taken. 
The  print  is  very  scarce* 

CLAUDE  LE  FEVRE.  Chambars  sc.  In  the 
"  Anecdotes  of  Painting.' 


n 


Claude  Le  Fevre,  who  was  was  also  a  Frenchman,  studied 
under  Le  Sueur  and  Le  Brun.  His  genius  led  him  chiefly  to 
portrait,  in  which  branch  of  painting  he  was  eminent  in  his  own 
country.    He  seems  to  have  been  but  a  short  time  in  England. 

*  .The.  prints  of  James  II.  and  his  queen  after  Largilliere  are  we,I^ known. 


*  :^ 


fi 


OF   ENOLANto.  317 

^OHN  HAYLS.  Hoskiris  p.  a  small  oval;  in  the 
saine  plate  with  Le  Fei)re. 

Tbough  tbe  name  or  the  works  of  Hayk  are. very  little  known, 
heis  siaid  to  have  been  a  rival  of  Sir  Peter  Lely.  His  greatest 
^tcellence  was  in  copying  Viindyek.    Ob.  1679. 

JOHN  GREENHILL ;  ipse  p.   Bannerman  so.  Ato. 

John  Greenhill  was  one  of  the  most  promising  disciples  of  Sir 
Peter  Lely,  under  whom  he  made  so  sudden  and  great  a  profi- 
piency,  that  lie  regarded  him  as  a  very  formidable  rival.  He  was 
snatched  away  in  the  midst  of  his  career  by  death,  which  was  im-* 
puted  to  his  too  free  living.  Mrs.  Behn,  who  was  a  greater  ad- 
nirer  of  his  handsome  person,  than  of  his  excellence  as  a  painter, 
and  was  supposed  to  have  had  a  tender  attachment  to  him,  wrote 
wot  degy  on  his  death.  General  Cholmondeley  has  a  half  length- 
portrait  of  him,  in  which  a  judicious  eye  might  discern  the  different 
styles  of  Vandyck  and  Lely.  He  did  a  t)ortrait  of  Bishop  Wardy 
which  is  now  in  the  town-hall  at  Salisbury.  He  etched  the  head 
of  his  brother,  an  ingenious  young  man,  of  whom  mention  has 
been  made  in  the  preceding  class.*    Oh,  19  May,  1676. 


JOHN  BAPTIST  GASPARS;  a  small  head;  in 
the  same  plate  with  Greenhill. 

f  X 

This  artist  was  employed  by  Lely,  Riley,  and  Kneller,  to  paint 
their  postures.  He  drew  some  good  designs  for  tapestry,  and 
paibted  several  portraits.    06.1691. 

SIR  RALPH  COLE,  bart.  Leli/  p.  F.  Place  f. 
K  sh.  mezz. 

There  is  a  small  head  of  him  in  the  ''  Anecdotes  of  Painting.*' 
This  gentleman  painted  a  portrait  of  Thomas  Wyndham,  esq. 
from  which  a  -mezzotinto  print  has  been  engraved. — It  appears 

•  See  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Puinting.*' 


318  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

&om  a  manuftcript  letter  of  the  reverend  and  learned  Tbomaa 
Baker,  B.  D.  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  to  Mr.  Hearae, 
that "  Sir  Ralph  Cole,  when  very  young,  was  taught  to  paiiithy 
Vandyok ;  and  that  he  had  ako  a  strange  genius  for  mechanical 
arts."  I  am  credibly  informed,  that  he  retained  several  ItaUan 
painters  in  his  service,  at  the  expense  of  500/,  a  year ;  and  that 
he  spent  his  fortune  by  his  rage  for  painting. 


PAINTERS  IN  VARIOUS  BRANCHES. 

GERARD  EDEMA ;  in  the  same  plate  with  Zaust, 
S^,   In  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting^'  Ato. 

.   Gerard  Edema,  a  native  of  Amsterdam,  came  into  EngiancI 
about  the  year  1670.     He  was  famous  for  painting  landscapes,  m 
whidi  he  exhibited  a  great  variety  of  horrid  and  umenHfrltteil 
scenes ;  such  as  rocks,  mountains,  precipices,  cascades,  cataraet% 
^Bd  other  wiklnesses  of  savage  nature^    He  went  to  Norway  aad 
l^ewfouadlaiid  on  purpose  to  collect  subjects*    Oh  eirc.  1700. 

ADRIAN  VAN  DIEST;  small;  in  the  same  ptate 
with  Le  Piper. 

Adrian  Van  Diest,  a  Dutchman,  was  a  landscape  painter  of  cob- 
siderable  note.  He  came  into  England  in  this  reign,  where  lie 
Qpent  the  greatest  part  of  his  life.  He  drew  many  views  on  the 
sea-coasts,  and  in  the  western  parts  of  the  kingdom^  His  clouds 
and  distances  are  generally  well  painted.  As  he  met  with  less 
encouragement  than  he  deserved,  he  slighted  some  of  his  pieces. 
Several  of  them  have  uncommon  merit.  Ob.  1704,  ^t.  49.  This 
head  may  be  placed  in  either  of  the  following  reigns* 

WILLIAM  VANDE  VELDE,  Senr.  G.  Knelkr 
pinx.    Sibelius  sculp. 

William  Vande  Velde,  called  the  old,  to  distinguish  him  ff-om  hid 
son,  named  after  him,  was  a  painter  born  at  Leyden,  in  1610.  He 
excelled  in  marine  subjects,  and.  on  settling  in  London,  received 


.    OF  BHOLAND.  31d 

fprion  firmft  Qiarles  It.  V«ideVekle»  liowerer^  gamed  no 
dit  by  conductiDg  the  English  fleet  to  the  coast  of  Holland, 
ere  the  town  of  Scheveling  was  destroyed.  He  took  sketches  of 
ifpneat  fight  between  the  IHrice  of  York  and  the  Dutch  admiral 
dam,  when  the  latter  was^  bl«wn  ap  with  all  his  erew.  On  this 
sasfOD,  Van  de  Velde  sailed  between  the  hostile  ieets,  in  a 
bt  skiffy  to  mark  their  positions  and  observe  their  operations* 
s  died  at  London  in  1693»  and  was  bnried  in  St  James's  church; 


WILLIAM   VANDE  VELDE,  Junr.    Knelkr  p. 
\  Chambars  sc.  4to. 

William  Vande  Vblde;    a  sea-piece  in  right 
md;  mezz.   Kneller;  Smithy  1707. 

tWUiiaflii  Vande  Yelde,  fhther  and  son,  were  classic  artists  in 
riating  every  thmg  that  has  any  relation  to  the  sea.  The  fadief 
is  mgsfei  rivalled  but  by  his  son;^  f^e  son  b  without  a  rival  in 
ny  age  or  nation^  They  were  both  retamed  in  the  service  of 
liarles  II.  who  understood  and  sufficiently  valued  their  admirable 
'orks.  The  elder  Vande  Velde  was  employed  in  subjects  worthy 
l^his  hand.  He  has  perpetuated  Ae  most  lively  representation 
f  sereral  of  the  sea-fights  in  this  reign,  which  are  scarce  to  be 
araHeled  in  the  history  of  mankmd.  The  younger  was  at  sea  what 
Sliliide  liOrrain  was  at  land ;  but  his  pencil  was  incomparably  lUor^ 
IMnbus  and  diversified.  There  is  a  well  chosen  collection  of  his 
•iiitings  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Skinner,  in  Clifibrd-street,  Bui- 
i\gton-g%rdens.    See  the  reign  of  Jame$  II. 

ABRAHAMUS  HONDIUS,  pictor;  ipse  p.  Smith 
.  large  4to.  mezz. 

Abraham  Hondius;  ipse  p.  Chambars  ^c.  In  the 
'  Anecdotes  of  Painting  ^  4to. 

^* 

*  At  Bulstrode  u  an  exc«Ueiit  ^ea-piece  io  oil,  bj  the  elder  Vande  Velde :  it  it 
E  the  manner  of  a  drawiD|.wiili  Indian  ink.  He  waa  seTen^«fou  years  of  aga 
lies  he  dfd  It. 


320  BIOGRAPHICAL  HfSTORY 

a 
Abraham  Hondius.  I^cquet  sc.  In  Des  Campa  j^ 

«  Pdntret." 

Abraham  Hondius,  a  native  of  Rotterdaniy  is  very  justly  cele-^' 
brated  for  painting  of  animals.  He  was  excelled  by  Ruhjou  aaii- 
Snyders,  who  stand  alone  in  this  branch  of  their  art:  but.  his  belt 
pieces  are  very  little  inferior  to  the  style  of  these  capital  mtsteik 
He  also  painted  history,  landscape,  candle-lights,  and  huntn^ 
pieces.  Mr.  Walpole  informs  us,  that  his  finest  picture  is  a  dog- 
market,  sold  at  Mr.  Halsted's  aaction,  1726.    Ob,  1695. 


THOMAS  WYCK ;   in  the  same  plate  with  John 
Wyck,  his  Mn.   Barmerman  sc.  4  to. 

Thomas  Wyck,  who  was  bom  at  Haerlem,  in  Holland,  followed 
the  manner  of  Peter  Van  Laer,  commonly  called  .Bambocdo.    He  fi 
painted  landscape,  sea-ports,  and  other  views;  and  partieulaily 
excelled  in  chymical  laboratories*    I  saw  lately,  in  B^rk^hirejao 
excellent  view  of  London  on  fire,  by  the  hand  of  this  artist    0&. « 
1682. 


John  Wyck,  son  of  the  former,  excelled  in  landscapes  and  hant- 
ing-pieces,  and  was  deservedly  celebrated  for  his  dogs  and  horses; 
in  which  branches  of  painting  Wootton,  his  disciple,  was  also  ex- 
cellent. There  are  some  good  pieces  by  the  latter  in.  the  ball  at 
Longleat.     Ob.  1702. 


GRIFFIER ;  in  the  same  plate  with  Z(nist^  S;c.  Ban- 
nerman  sc. 

John  Griffier,  commonly  called  Old  Griffier^  was  better  knows 
abroad  by  the  appellation  of  the  Gentleman  of  Utrecht,  though  a 
native  of  Amsterdam.  He  was  a  good  painter  of  perspective  views, 
and,  noted  for  his  landscapes,  which  he  enriched  with  buildings  and 
figures.  His  colouring  was  uncommonly  neat.  He  excelled  in 
copying  the  works  of  Flemish  and  Italian  masters.  He  etched 
several  prints  of  birds  and  beasts,  after  the  designs  of  Francis 
Barlow.    He  died  in  1718,  at  upwards  of  72  years  of  age. 


-      OF  ENGLAND.  321 

EGBERT  HEMSKIRK;  sniaH;  m  the  same  plate 
^th  Riley.    In  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting.'* 

Egbert  Hemskihk  ;  in  a  hat;  tnezi.  J.  Oliver;  Ato. 

\  l^;bert  Hemskirk  was  a  noted  painter  of  drunken  revels,  vrakes, 
fiursy  Quakers  meetings,  and  waggish  subjects.  Some  are  much 
dl^ghted  with  his  paintings ;  but  they  are  generally  such  as  would 
prefer  Martial  to  Virgil.  In  Bourne's  Poems  is  a  copy  of  verses 
on  his  picture  of  two  Dutchmen  looking  with  a  sorrowful  coun- 
tenance into  an  empty  pot;  and  also  on  that  of  the  players  at  put, 
which  was  engraved  by  Smith.     Ob.  1704, 

< 

DANIEL  BOON,  playing  on  the  violin ;  mezz. 

This  man  was  also  a  buffoon  painter,  and  much  of  the  Mine  cha* 
neter  with  Hemskirk.    He  died  in  1700. 

PETER  ROESTRATEN;  a  pipe  in  his  right  hand, 
and  a  rummer^glass  of  liquor  in  his  left.  A.  Bannef^- 
tnansc.    In  the  *'  Anecdotes  of  Painting;''  Ato. 

Peter  Roestraten;  mezz.  J.  Smith  esc.  4to. 

Peter  Roestraten.  P.  Roestraten;  A.  Bloote- 
ling;  fol.  mezz. 

.  Peter  Roestraten,  a  Dutchman,  was  a  disciple  of  Francis  Hals. 
He  pcunted  little  besides  still-life,  in  which  he  excelled.  There  is 
em  excellent  picture  by  him  at  Belvoir  Castlci  the  seat  of  this  Duke 
of  Rutland.  It  exhibits  a  watch,  a  book^  a  tankard,  and  several 
other  things.    The  tankard  is  finely  executed. 

VAN  SON.  Bannerman  sc.  In  the  "  Anecdotes  of 
Painting;''  Ato. 

Van  Son,  or  Vanzon,  who  waa  bred  under  his  father,  a  flower 
)ainter  at  Antwerp,  was  a  copious  painter  of  stiU-life.    His  pictures 

VOL.    V.  2  T 


322  BJOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

are  composed  of  oranges,  lemons,  damask  curtains,  plate,  and  a 
great  variety  of  other  objects.  Pieces  of  this  kind  were  more  va- 
lued in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  than  they  are  at  present.  06. 1700. 


ALEXANDER  BROWNE.  J.Huysmansp.  A.de 
Jode  sc.  h.  sh. 

Alexander  Browne  was  author  of  '<  Ars  Pictoria,  or  an  Academy, 
treating  of  Drawing,  Painting,  Limning,  and  Etching,^  1669,  folio; 
to  which  is  prefixed  his  head.  He,  in  the  title,  styles  himself  TrtK- 
titioner  in  the  Art  of  Limning.  It  appears  from  the  encomium  of 
Payne  Fisher,  before  this  treatise,  that  he  engraved  the  thirty  plates 
at  the  end  of  it.*  Some  of  them  are  taken  from  Bloemarfs  fine 
drawing-book,  and  they  are  well  copied.  Many  of  our  old  mexzo- 
tintos  have  this  inscription,  **  Sold  by  Alexander  Browne,  at  the 
Blew  Balcony  in  Little  Queen-street."  As  there  is  seldom  the 
name  of  any  engraver  to  the  prints  said  to  be  sold  by  him,  it  is  ?eiy 
probable  that  some  of  them  were  done  by  his  own  hand^f 

FRANCOIS  LE  PIPRE  (or  Le  Piper)  ;  collar 
unbuttoned. 

Francis  Le  Piper;  in  the  same  plate  with  VanDiest. 
In  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting.'' 

Francis  Le  Piper,  the  son  of  a  gentleman  in  Kent,  was  designed 
for  merchandise ;  but  was  of  too  mercurial  a  disposition,  and  too 
great  a  lover  of  pleasure,  to  fix  to  any  profession.  He  was  a  sin- 
gular humorist,  and  was  remarkable  for  rambling  over  the  greatest 
part  of  Europe  on  foot.  When  he  had  a  mind  to  take  a  tour  to  the 
Netherlands,  France,  Spain,  or  Italy,  he  very  abruptly  left  the  king- 
dom, without  the  privity  of  his  friends.     He  had  an  excellent  te- 

*  These  verses  are  part  of  the  encomium : 

«'  Debentur  tum  Brnunte  tuis  quot  serta  capillis  ? 
Qui  tot  semineces  artes  in  lurainis  auras 
Duxisti,  propriaque  manu  coelata  norasti 
Artificum  simulacra  senum." 

t  Alex.  Browne  fecit,  is  ihscribed  on  a  mezzotinto  of  Charles  II. 


OF    ENGLAND. 


325 


*  ''wgtt,  vbo  had  been  bred  k  bhcktmilb,  wm  m 
**'»^  the  Rputed  Mihot  of  a  book  of  henldry,  enthled, 
'^°f  Gentry."  Mr.WoodinforniiuB.froiii  Ihewdiori^ 
~*"  I^ugdale,  that  it  was  compoKd  by  Edward  Witer- 
"■    ^  the  article  of  WATEaHousE,  among  the  Anti- 


Sf^'ofGent 


PAINTRESSES. 

BBALE    and  her  son   CHARLES.     Maiy 
^  Chambars  sc.   In  the  "  Atucdota  of  Paint- 


T  Beale,  daughter  of  Mr.  Cndock,  minirter  of  WaJtoa* 
h  was  instructed  id  ihe  art  of  painting  by  Kir  Peter 
>  a  professed  admirer  of  her  genius,  and  wai  thought 
'er  regard  for  her  person.  She  painted  portrwti  to 
■ra,  sad  CTSyons;  and  aoqitired  a  good  deal  of  tl*e 
>j  copyix^g  the  woriu  of  emintot  mastcn  tjf  liut 
psinted  naaore  portnits  of  the  dignified  cltrgy  tban 
mpor^r^r  artist*.  Her  price  «h  51.  forabcsd,  aod 
tiffth-  Mix^  than  Oati^  firM  wife  of  Benjaun. 
raociia  ■aa.r,  «u  a  lebdar  of  Mn.  Bede  m4  Wr 


324  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

GASPAft  ^Netbcher.    GeiUard^.   In  Desomtpi 
^' JJva  of  Painters.-' 

Of  Oasper  Nettcher  there  is  some  difference  of  opinion  as  to  the 
place  and  time  of  his  birth :  D*Argenville  says  at  Prague,  in  1639; 
Descamps  and  Houbraken,  at  Heidelberg,  in  1639.  His  father 
was  a  sculptor  and  engineer  in  the  Polbh  service,  and  died  leaving 
three  children ;  of  which  Qasper  was  the  youngest,  and  about  two 
years  of  ag6.  Hie  mother  experiencing  great  distress,  Mr.  Tulle- 
kens,  an  opulent  physician,  took  the  young  Netscher,  and  educated 
him  for  his  own  profession,  but  the  genius  of  his  protegS  strongly 
inclined  him  to  the  art  of  painting.  He  became  a  disciple  of  Ter- 
burg,  whose  style  and  beauty  of  pencil  was  congenial  to  his  own 
taste  and  conception.  Netscher  excelled  in  domestic  subjects,  and 
conversations,  which  he  touched  with  a  spirit  and  delicacy  un- 
rivalled; particularly  in  satin,  silk,  ermine,  &c.  He  visited  Eng- 
land at  the  invitation  of  Sir  William  Temple,  but  did  not  remain 
here  long.  Among  other  persons  of  distinction  whose  portraits  he 
painted,  while  in  England,  were  those  of  Lord  Berkeley,  of  Stratton, 
and  his  lady,  with  the  date  1676.     He  died  at  the  Hague,  1684. 


SAMUEL  BUTLER ;  a  small  head,  without  the  en- 
graver's name  ;  before  his  ^^Hudibrasf'  l'2mo. 

"  The  Hogarth  of  poetry  (says  Mr.  Walpole)  was  a  painter  too.*' 
He  did  but  few  things ;  yet  there  is  no  question  but  the  genius  of 
painting  was  greatly  assisting  to  the  comic  muse.  It  is  observable, 
that  H(^arth's  first  public  specimen  of  his  talent  for  humorous 
pieces,  was  a  set  of  prints  which  he  designed  for  a  new  edition  of 
"  Hudibras."  This  was  his  best  method  of  studying  that  admirable 
burlesque  poem.* 

SYLVANUS  MORGAN,  M.41;  fatting  band. 


*  Metbinks  a  pretty  emblem  might  be  contrived,  oi  the  aids  which  the  arts  and 
sciences  receive  from  eacli  other;  in  which  the  principal  figures  should  be  painting 
and  yostry^  with  this  motto, 

"  Petimusque  damusque  vidssim.** 


OF    ENGLAND.  325 

Sylvanus  Morgan,  wbo  had  been  bred  a  blacksmith,  was  an 
rms  painter,  and  the  reputed  author  of  a  book  of  heraldry,  entitled. 
The  Sphere  of  Gentry.'*  Mr.  Wood  informs  us,  from  the  authority 
f  Sir  William  Dugdale,  that  it  was  composed  by  Edward  Water- 
ouse,  esq.  See  the  article  of  Waterhouse,  among  the  Anti- 
oaries. 


PAINTRESSES. 

MRS.  BEALE  and  her  son  CHARLES.  Mary 
Beak  p.  T.  Chavibars  sc.  In  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Paint- 
\ngr  4to, 

Mrs.  Mary  Beale,  daughter  of  Mr.  Cradock,  minister  of  Walton- 
npon-ThameSy  was  instructed  in  the  art  of  painting  by  Sir  Peter 
Lely,  who  was  a  professed  admirer  of  her  genius,  and  was  thought 
to  have  a  tender  regard  for  her  person.  She  painted  portraits  in 
oil,  water-colours,  and  crayons ;  and  acquired  a  good  deal  of  the 
Italian  style,  by  copying  the  works  of  eminent  masters  of  that 
country.  She  painted  more  portraits  of  the  dignified  clergy  than 
any  of  her  contemporary  artists.  Her  price  was  5L  for  ahead,  and 
1(U.  for  a  half-length.  Mrs.  Diana  Curtis,  first  wife  of  Benjamin, 
bte  bishop  of  Winchester,  was  a  scholar  of  Mrs.  Beale  and  her 
ion .•  The  former  died  the  28th  of  Dec.  1697,  in  the  65th  year  of 
fcr  age. 

Charles  Beale  painted  in  oil  and  water-colours :  but  a  weakness 
V  his  eyes  occasioned  his  quitting  his  profession,  after  he  had  fol- 
lowed it  four  or  five  years. 


MRS.  ANNE  KILLIGREW.   A.  Killigrcwp.    A. 
^looteling  sc.  h.  sh.  mezz.  very  scarce. 

Mrs.  Anne  Killigrew; /^aiWfrf  by  herself.    J. 
^ecketf  large  Ato.mezz.   Before  her  Poems ^  1686. 


*  Mrs.  Uoadly ,  widow  of  the  bishop  of  Winchester,  had  several  portraits  of  her 
Piinting,  which  do  her  much  honour. 


326  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Mrs.  Anne  Killigrew  ;  ipta^.  Chambars  sc.  Co- 
pied from  the  foi^mer.  In  the  **, Anecdotes  of  PdfA- 
ing;''  4to. 

Anne,  daughter  of  Dr.  Killigrew,  master  of  the  Savoy,  was  maid 
of  honour  to  the  Dutchess  of  York.  She  was  a  lady  of  fine  accom- 
plishments both  of  body  and  mind,  and  celebrated  by  Mr.  Dryden 
for  her  painting  and  poetry.  Her  wit  was  deserredly  admired ;  but 
it  received  part  of  its  currency  from  her  beauty.  She  painted 
landscape,  portrait,  and  history.*  This  shews  the  fertility  of  her 
genius,  which  had  not  time  to  rise  to  maturity,  as  she  died  at  the 
age  of  twenty-five.  The  print  before  her  poems  is  evidently  in  die 
style  of  Sir  Peter  Lely.  It  appears,  from  Mr.  Dryden's  ode  to  her 
memory,  that  she  drew  the  pictures  of  the  Duke  and  Dutchess  of 
York.     Ob.  1685. 


1 


SCULPTORS. 

GIBBER,    A.  Bannerman  sc.  Ato.    In  the  "  Anec- 
dotes of  Painting'' 

Caius  Gabriel  Gibber,  an  artist  of  merit,  came  into  England  a 
little  before  the  restoration.  He,  in  a  few  years,  became  so  emineot, 
that  he  was  appointed  statuary  and  carver  to  the  king's  closel. 
Most  of  the  statues  of  the  kings  in  the  Royal  Exchange  are  of  bis 
hand ;  but  these  are  not  by  far  so  well  executed  as  the  figures  of 
Melancholy  and  Raving  Madness  before  the  hospital  of  Bedlam, 
which  are  his  capital  performances.  They  were  probably  taken 
from  the  h'fe.  He  did  two  of  the  bas-reliefs  on  the  pedestal  of  the 
monument,  and  several  good  pieces  of  sculpture  at  Chatsworth.  He  ^ 
built  the  Danish  church  in  London,  where  he  lies  buried  with  bk  ^ 
second  wife,  descended  from  the  family  of  Colley,  in  Rutlandshire. 
This  lady,  who  brought  her  husband  a  fortune  of  6000/.  was  mother 
of  our  late  laureat.  The  monument  for  Caius  Gibber  and  his  wife 
was  erected  in  1696. 


•  Sec  Dryden's  ode,  in  his  '•  Miscell."  V.  p.  212.     Sec  also  "  Auecdiitao' 
Painting." 


OF   ENGLAHD.  327 


HILLIAM   EMMET,  vfao 

Iptor  to  ChirWi  IL  bcinre  the  cdchnted  GiiboML    IWre 

y 


3tFkiil*scaikcdaL 


ARCHITECTS. 

IIR  CHRISTOPHER  WREX  bnlt  &e  i^vcb  of  St.  Sttplm, 
ilbiooky  m  Ab  reigpi,  vliich  v»s  wilKfiiar  to  cstabGsh  his  lepa- 
JBD  •»  «a  jfitiiigil.  He  BKTn&er  be  sad  to  bare  extended  bk 
ic  bj  boildiDg  Sc  FuTf*  das  to  bsve  niaed  k  to  a  s;icater 
gfaC  Mr.  EveKn,  vbo  vas  penaaaDr  aeqaaialed  vidi  bin,  bat 
mna  a  put  idea,  of  bis  great  aad  rarioas  laleats  m  the  kXkmm^ 
M^e,  wbidi  I  sbaD  tnnsctibe  firoai  the  Epistle  to  tbe  Reader, 
fore  bis  trassbtioD  of  Freast's  "Idea  of  tbe  P^xfectioo  of  Paint- 
er a  book  b«t  little  koovB,  aad  vcnr  rarelT  to  be  oaet  witb. 
leakiB^of  the  £wobs  Bf  fiai,  be  i^s,'"  S^'wnmf 
m  repcfttad  to  bave  baSt  a  tbeatie  at  Home,  far  tbe 
bteof  be  not  onlr  oK  dbe  fcves  aad  inialed  &e  sceaes,  bat 
f  play,  and  cmiqHmtd  tbe  ansie,  vbicb  vas  all  ia  recitatiro; 
im  persoaded  tbtt  all  tbis  is  bo(  jet,  br  €v,  so  ancb  as  tbat 
Side  of  ov  age  aul  ctHDttrj,  Dr.  abnsto|)ber  Wica,  vcne  able 

rare  so  disposed,  aad  so eaeoaraged  ;  becaaaebe 

<ifs9anB]radflMfaLleadfvila^csbeTOiid  tbea.**    Seetbe 

book.    Hispanntbdoii^  totbercigBof 


RR  BALTHASAR  GERBIER,  of  vboas  aoaie  accnnt  baa 
SB  girea  in  tbe  iciga  of  Cbarles  L  vas  fiiaiMifd,  as  be  Idls  as 
■■elfj  tbe  plaee  af  aannefar-^eafnl  of  tbe  wadks,  i^poa  tbe  de- 
^oflaica  fif  f  Aib»tfe  dcatb  of  Cbadca,  be  was  Tcsy  at- 
tmto  tbe  li  Hilar  If  af  bis  aeadeaij,  abidt  be  bad  encled  at 
pMl-gRCB  ''km  Ibfd^  laagaaigVi,  aad  aH  aoUe  sdae»  aad 
BWsea.**    Baikr  k»  fidicakd  tbis  acadonr,  ia  bis  fictitioas 


0 


^m  Vkm^ 


I  -^ 


328  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

"^  WUl  of  Philip,  earl  of  Pembroke  ;"•  who  bequeallis  "« all  his  olfaer 
speeches,  of  what  kind  soever,  to  the  academy,  to  help  Sir  fialthi- 
8ar*8  art  of  well  spealda^."  As  this  project  did  act  aaswer  liis  ex- 
pectation, he  went  to  Sarinam  in  the  time  of  the  usurpation,  and  ii 
supposed  to  have  returned  to  England  with  Charles  II.  as  he  is  taid 
to  have  designed  the  triumphal  arches  erected  for  the  reception  of 
that  prince.  In  1663,  he  published  a  small  treatise,  entitled,  **  Coib- 
sel  and  Advice  to  all  Builders  :*'  to  which  he  has  prefixed  no  leu 
than  forty  dedications.  He  died  at  Hempsted  Marshal,  the  seat  of 
Lord  Craven,  of  which  he  drew  the  plan,  and  lies  buried  in  tbe 
chancel  of  the  church.  See  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  Class  V.  anicIL 
See  also  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting.*'  A  print  has  lately  Been 
engpraved  by  Walker,  from  the  picture  of  his  family^  mentioned  ia 
the  former  reign. 


A  MODELLER. 

ABRAHAMUS  SYMONDS  (Simon).  P.  Lelyp. 
Blooteling  /.  large  beard ;  Ato.  mezz.  This  has  bm 
copied. 

Abraham  Simon.  Vertue  so.  a  small  oval;  «»• 
graved  in  the  same  plate  with  his  brother's  heady  befirt 
mentioned. 

Abraham  Symonds  ;  three  heads^  in  different  atti- 
tudes, on  an  eagle's  wings  ;  an  etching. 

Abraham  Simon,  a  celebrated  modeller  in  wax,  was  brother  l» 
Thomas  Simon,  the  medalist,  and  was  of  singular  service  to  tW 
artist  in  some  of  his  admirable  works,  of  which  there  is  an  elegtft 
volume  engraved  by  Vertue.  Abraham,  who  was  bred  to  \tMf%^ 
was  intended  for  the  church ;  but  he  chose  to  pursue  the  bent  of  w 
genius.     He  was  some  time  retained  in  the  service  of  Christina, 


1 

I 


% 


k 

In 


*  Thift,  though  attrihiited  to  Butler,  iwas  profaalily  .wiitten  by  Sir  John  BiA^i 
head.  I ^ 


OF    ENGLAND.  329 

fsedi  of  Sweden,  ^ho  presented  him  with  a  gold  chain  and  medal* 

Ciiarlea  II.  Who  intended  to  create  an  order  of  knighthood,  in  com- 

niefa>oratioit  of  his  escape  after  the  battle  of  Worcester,  under  the 

appellatioh  of  The  Order  of  the  Royal  Oak,  employed  Abraham  Simon 

to  make  for  that  purpose  a  model  in  wax  of  a  medal,  which  was  to 

have  been  executed  in  gold.    The  king,  who  approved  of  his  per-^ 

formance,  rewarded  him  with  a  hundred  broad  pieces.     He  was 

employed  by  the  Duke  of  York  to  make  another  model  of  his  own 

head ;  but  being  informed  that  he  intended  to  give  him  only  fifty 

{HeceSy  he,  with  indignation,  crushed  the  figure  betwixt  both  his 

hands,  and  entirely  defaced  it.     This  was  injurious  to  his  reputa- 

1i6n.     He  afterward  lived  in  obscurity ;  but  still  retained  his  pride 

with  his  poverty.     His  whimsical  attachment  to  the  garb  which  he 

wore  in  his  youth  is  remarkable.     He  adhered  to  the  same  mode  of 

wearing  his  hair,  beard,  cloak,  boots,  and  spurs,  which  prevailed  in 

the  reiffn  of  Charles  the  First.     He  died  soon  after  the  revolution. 


SIR  ROBERT  PEAKE;  from  an  or^iginal  drawing 
in  the  collection  of  R.  Bull,  esq.    E.  Harding  sc.  4to. 

.  Sir  Robert  Peake  was  a  printseller  and  dealer  in  pictures  on 
Holborn-bridge,  and  had  the  honour  of  being  Faithome's  master.- 
In  a  catalogue  of  English  painters,  prefixed  to  De  Piles's  '^  Art  of 
Painting,^  he  is  called  Prince  Rupert's  painter. 
.  The  earliest  mention  of  him  that  appears,  is  in  the  books  of  Lord 
Harrington,  treasurer  of  the  chambers  to  James  I.  containing  ac-' 
coants  of  money  received  and  paid  by  him.  '^liem.  Paid  to  Robert 
Peake,  picture-maker,  by  warrant  from  the  council,  dated  the  4th  of 
October,  1612,  for  three  several  pictures  made  by  him,  at  the  com- 
mandment of  the  Duke  of  York,  his  officers,  and  given  away  and> 
disposed  of  by  the  duke's  grace,  20/." 

.  It  does  not  appear  whether  these  pictures  were  in  oil  or  water 
oolours ;  but  it  is  probable  that  they  were  portraits  of  King  Charles 
Ihe  First,  then  Duke  of  York.  But  that  Peake  did  pi(int  in  oil  is 
ascertained  by  Peacham^  in  his  book  of  limning,  where  he  expressly  * 
celebrates  his  |^pod  friend  Mr.  Peake  for  oil  colours. 

When  the  civil  war  broke  out  between  Charles  I.  and  the  parlia- 
ment, Peake  took  up  arms  in  behalf  of  his  sovereign,  and  received 
the  honour  of  knighthood  at  Oxford,  the  28th  of  March,  1645.  He 
was  made  a  lieutenant-colonel,  ^nd  had  a  command  in  Basing- 

VOL.  V.  2  u 


330  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

bouse,  at  the  time  it  was  besieged  by  Cromwell ;.  and  where  hin* 
self,  with  his  scholar  Faithome  (whom  he  had  persuaded  to  enliit 
under  him),  together  with  Winceslaus  Hollar,  who  had  been  ia  his 
employ,  were  taken  prisoners.  Peake  died  in  July,  1667,  and  vai 
buried  in  St.  Sepulchre's,  London,  with  great  military  pomp,  to 
whkh  parish  he  had  been  a  considerable  benefactor. 


ENGRAVERS. 

GULIELMUS  FAITHORNE,  sculptor.  Faithome 
p.    Johannes  Fillian  sc.  h.sh. 

William  FAiTHORy^;  neatly  etched;  8vo. 

William  Faithorne;  ipse  p.  Bannerman  sc, 
copied  from  thejirst.  In  Mr.  Walpoles  '^  Catalogue  of 
Engravers.'' 

■  There  is  a  softness  and  delicacy,  as  well  as  strength  and  beauty, 
in  the  best  works  of  Faithorne,  which  are  not  to  be  found  in  those 
of  any  other  English  engraver.  Nothing  is  more  common  than  far 
people  not  to  see  what  is  before  their  eyes :  the  merit  of  this  admi- 
rable artist  was  not  attended  to,  before  it  was  pointed  out  by  Mr. 
Walpole.  The  portraits  of  Sir  William  Paston,  John,  viscount 
Mordaunt,  Frances  Bridges,  countess  of  Exeter,  Margaret  Smith, 
Thomas  Stanley,  and  John  La  Motte,  esquires,  are  among  his  best 
performances.  The  historical  prints  in  Westley's  "  Life  of  Christ" 
are  said,  in  the  title  of  that  book,  to  be  done  "  by  the  excellent 
hand  of  William  Faithorne  :**  but  the  generality,  at  least,  are  alto- 
gether unworthy  of  him.  I  have  been  informed,  that  most  of  them 
were  done  for  a  mass-book  in  the  reign  of  James  IL  William 
Faithorne  the  son,  who  performed  chiefly  in  mezzotinto,  has  been 
often  confounded  with  his  father.  Walter  Dolle  was  a  scholar  of 
the  latter,  but  he  was  a  workman  of  a  much  lower  cla§s.*  Faithorne 
theelder  died  1691. 


*  He  is  sl^^lcd  servant  to  Faitbome,  in  the  "  Account  of  the  Cures  wrought  bv 
Valentine  Greatraks  the  Stroker." 


OF  ENGLAND.  331 

WINCESLAUS  HOLLAR;  small;  ipse/. 

WiNC£SLAus  Hoi^LAK ;  obut  Lond.  1677  ;  jEt.  70. 
ffi  the  title  to  the  *^  Description  of  his  Works,''  together 
oith  his  ^*  ii/e,"  by  G.  Vertue  ;  (first  edit.)  1745 ;  Ato. 
See  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 


PETER  VANDREBANC  (or  Vandeiibank),  en- 
graver ;  own  hair;  neckcloth. 

Peter  Vanderbank  ;  in  the  same  plate  with  Vail- 
lantj  Place,  and  Lodge.  In  Mr.  Walpole's  "  Catalogue 
9f  Engravers'^ 

Peter  Vanderbank  ;  mezz.    G.  White. 

Peter  Vandrebanc,  a  native  of  Paris,  came  into  England  about 

the  year  1674.     He  was  deservedly  admired  for  the  softness  of  his 

prints,  some  of  which  are  of  an  uncommon  size;    These,  though 

they  helped  to  increase  his  reputation,  helped  also  to  ruin  him,  as 

fte  profit  of  the  sale  was  by  no  means  answerable  to  the  time  and 

eipetose  be  bestowed  upon  them.     Charles  II.  James  11.  and  his 

faeeiiy  Sir  Edmund  Bury  Godfrey,  &c.  are  on  large  sheets,  and 

finely  executed.    The  head  of  John  Smith,  a  writing-master,  done 

from  an  original  by  Faithorne,  is  one  of  his  best  portraits.     He 

etched  the  ceiling  by  Verrio,  in  the  drawing-room  at  Windsor. 

But  the  most  valuable  of  his  works  is  his  excellent  print  of  Christ 

praying^in  the  garden,  after  Sebastian  Bourdon.     The  account  of 

blm  in  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting,"  was  communicated  to  Mr. 

Vertue  by  his  youngest  son,  a  poor  labourer. 

* 

ROBERT  WHITE.  Bannerman  sc.  In  Mr.  Wal- 
pole's  '' Catalogue  of  Engravers  ;"  4to.  There  are  se- 
veral  other  heads  in  the  same  plate. 

Robert  White,  a  disciple  of  Loggan,  is  supposed  to  have  en- 
graved more  frontispieces  to  books  than  any  other  artist.     Many  of 


332  BIOGRAPHICAlc  HISTORY 

his  portraits  are  deficient  in  pomt  of  neatness ;  but  that  is  more  rtian 
compensated  by  the  truth  of  his  drawing,  in  which  he  was  never 
exceeded.     I  have  transcribed  the  following  singular  epcomium  of 
him,  from  "  The  Life  and  Errors  of  John  Dunton,"  bqokseller,  p.  346, 
Ivritten  by  himself:  "  Mr.  White  exceeds  all  I  ever  met  with,  in 
taking  the  air  of  a  face.     He  drew  for  me  the  picture  of  Mr.  Doo- 
little,  and  he  gained  much  reputation  by  it;  but  his  masterpiece 
may  be  reckoned  the  seven  bishops.     He  takes  faces  so  much  to  the 
life,  that  the  real  person  may  be  said  to  be  wherever  you  see  a  face 
of  his  doing.     Herein  imitating  the  famous  Zeuxis,  who  died  of  a  fit 
of  laughter,  at  the  sight  of  a  comical  old  woman's  picture  which  h^ 
had  drawn,  to  his  thinking,  as  if  she  had  been  really  alive :  so  that 
if  none  but  Apelles  was  permitted  to  paint  Alexander,  I  think,  Mr. 
White  merits  the  same  honour  with  respect  to  the  greatest  king  or 
queen  upon  earth.    Zeuxis  would  never  sell  any  picture,  because  h» 
thought  them  above  any  price;  and  therefore  only  made  presents 
of  them  to  kings  and  queens.     I  am  ready  to  think,  would  Mr. 
White  present,  rather  than  sell,  his  original  pictures ^  the  English 
generosity  would  advance  Mr.  White  to  a  coach  and  six,  and  exceed 
that  which  enriched  Zeuxis."     Ob,  1704. 

PAUL  VANSOMER ;  in  the  same  plate  with  Robert 
White. 

Vansomer  did  a  considerable  number  of  plates  after  Sir  Peter 
Lely.  His  works,  which  are  in  no  great  esteem^  except  for  the 
rarity  of  some  of  them,  consist  of  etchings,  mezzotintos,  and  en- 
gravings. He  was  living  in  1690.  Richard  Tomson,  who  sold 
some  of  his  prints,  has  been  mistaken  for  the  engraver. 

ISAAC  BECKET;  in  the  same  plate  with  Robert 
White. 

Becket,  who  was  bred  a  calico-printer,  learned  the  art  of  mez- 
zotinto  from  Vansomer.  He  had  the  honour  of  instructing  the 
fomous  John  Smith.  There  is  a  print  of  him,  when  young,  en- 
graved by  that  excellent  master.* 

•  This  print  was  done  by  Smith  in  1689,  and  is,  b^  some,  supposed  to  represent 
GDC  of  Becket's  family,  and  not  that  artist  himself.  Jn  Mr.  Mac  Ardell*8  Catalogue, 
quoted  before,  it  ia  called  "  Immhc  Becket,  Smith's  master." 


OF  ENGI.A.ND.  333 

WILLIAM  ELDER;  in  the  same  flaU  toitk  Robert 
White. 

WiLMAM  Elder;  in  a  fur  cap.  W.  Faithorne; 
J:  Nutting  sc.  Stw.- 

William  Elder  ;  in  a  wig.    Nutting. 

William  Elder,  a  Scotsman,  engraved  several  heads  in  Sir  Pj^iU 
Rycaut's  "  History  of  the  Turks,'*  His  portrait  of  Ben  Johnson, 
prefixed  to  one  of  the  folio  editions  of  his  works,  is  his  best  per- 
fonnance.  . 

ARTHUR  SOLY  was  much  employed  by  Robert  White,  who 
ditew  his  head  in  black  lead.  In  1683,  a  print  was  engraved  from 
tbis  drawing.  Soly  did  prints  of  Richard  Baxter  and  Tobias  Crisps 
See  the  *'  Catalogue  of  Engravers,"  2d  edit.  p.  110. 

PRINCE  RUPERT  is  celebrated  for  the  invention  of  mezzotinto, 
of  which  he  is  said  to  have  taken  the  hint  from  a  soldier  scraping 
his  rusty  fusil.  It  is  also  said  that  the  first  print  of  this  kind  ever 
published  was  done  by  his  highness ;  it  may  be  seen  in  the  first 
edition  of  Evelyn's  "  Sculptura."*  The  secret  is  said  to  have  been 
soon  after  discovered  by  Sherwin  the  engraver,  who  made  use  of 
a  loaded  file  for  laying  the  ground.  The  prince,  upon  sight  of  one 
of  his  prints,  suspected  that  his  servant  had  lent  him  his  tool, 
which  was  a  channelled  roller;  but  upon  receiving  full  satisfaction 
to  the  contrary,  he  made  him  a  present  of  it.  The  roller  was  af- 
terward laid  aside,  and  an  instrument  with  a  crenelled  edge,  in 
shape  like  a  shoemaker's  cutting  knife,  was  used  instead  of  it.t 

*  A  good  impression  of  this  print  is  valuable. 

t  It  diould  not  be  forgotten,  that  Sir  Christopher  Wren  is  said  to  have  been  the 
inventor  of  mezzotinto.  It  is  certain  that  tliere  is  a  black-a-moor's  head  by  him, 
in  a  different  manner,  from  that  of  Prince  Rupert.  Vertne,  in  a  manuscript  in  my 
possession,  mentions  **  A  large  head,  something  like  mezzotinto:  some  tender  parts/* 
says  be,  "  are  done  with  several  chasing  and  friezing  tools.  Some  of  the  darkest. 
jpmrtB  ate  grounded  like  mezzotinto,  and  scraped.  It  is  thus  inscribed :  *  Araelta 
ElJsabetba,  D.  G*  Hassias,  &c*  Landgrav.  Comitissa  Hanqpv.  Ad  vivom  a  se 
primom  depictam,  novoque  jam  sculpturse  modo  expressam,  dicat  consecratque 
L — n  S.  iinno  1643.'"  He  refers  to  Sandrart's  "  lives  of  the  Painters/'  whdre, 
he  sajrs,  "  there  is  an  account  of  this  man's  being  the  inventor  of  mezzotinto."  He 
adds, "  In  Lord  Harley's  collectiou  of  heads,  is  one  of  this  lady,"  says  Mr.  Wanley  ; 
*'  there  is  also  a  head  of  the  Comes  Hassc,  by  the  same  hand,  who  was  the  person 
that  taught  Prince  Ru()Grt/' 


334  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

« 

The  glass  drops  invented  by  him  are  well  known.     He  also  in- 
vented a  metal  called  by  his  name,  in  which  guns  were  cast;  a&d  ^ 
contrived  an  excellent  method  of  boring  them,  for  which  purpose  f  i 
a  water-mill  was  erected  at  Hackney  Marsh,  to  the  great  detriment 
of  the  undertaker,  as  the  secret  died  with  the  illustrious  inventor. 
He  communicated  to  Christopher  Kirby,  from  whom'  the  present 
Christopher  Kirby*  is  descended,  the  secret  of  tempering  the  best 
fish-hooks  made  in  England.     See  Class  L  and  VII.  in  this  reign, 
and  also  Class  I.  in  the  preceding. 


W.  VAILLANT.   W.  Vaillant  f.  Ato.  mezz. 

W.  Vaillant;  in  the  same  plate  with  Vandrebanc^ 
iigc.  In  Mr.  Walpoles  "  Catalogue  of  Engravers;'  4^<?. 

■ 

W.  Vaillant;  mezz.  with  his  hat  on;  Ato.  ' 

Warner,  or  Wallerant,  Vaillant,  a  painter,  was  of  singular  service  i 
to  Prince  Rupert  in  putting  his  new  invention  of  mezzotinto  in 
practice,  came  into  England  with  him,  soon  after  the  restoration. 
He  also  made  considerable  improvements  upon  this  invention,  as 
appears  from  his  own,  and  his  wife's  portrait,  a  curious  print  of 
their  family,  and  a  head  of  Frobenius  the  printer,  after  Hans 
Holbein. .  He  sometimes  painted  in  black  and  white.  He  died  io 
Holland. 


FRANCIS  PLACE ;  in  the  same  plate  with  Van- 
drebanCy  8^c. 

Francis  Place  was  a  gentleman  of  Yorkshire,  who  painted,  de- 
signed, and  etched  for  his  diversion.  He  also  did  several  portraits 
in  mezzotinto;  particularly  that  of  Richard  Sterne,  archbishop  of 
York;  and  Henry  Gyles,  a  glass-painter  of  the  same  city.  He  had 
an  estcellent  hand  at  etching,  as  appears  from  his  prints  after 
Barlow.  I  have  a  set  of  twelve  etchings,  executed  from  designs 
of  that  painter,  now  lying  before  me :  seven  of  them  were  done  by 
Mr.  Place,  and  the  rest  by  old  Griffier..    They  are  dedicated  to 

•  Now  living  in  Crowdcr's  Well-alley,  near  Aldengate. 


OF   ENGLAND.  335 

Uchard,  lord  Maitland,  eldest  son  of  the  Earl  of  Lauderdale, 
vbom  he  styles  the  Meecenas  of  painting.  His  prints,  especially 
iis  portraits,  are  very  uncommon^     Ob.  1728. 

WILLIAM  LODGE;  in  the  same  plate  with  Van- 
irebanc. 

William  Lodge;  mezz.  in  a  fur  cap,  neckcloth, 
Sgc.  (F.  Place)  anonymous. 

William  Lodge  was  a  gentleman  who  engraved,  and  sometimes 
painted,  for  his  amusement.  He  drew  and  etched  various  views 
in  Italy  and  England.  He  also  etched  the  heads  in  Giacomo 
Barri's  "  Viaggio  Pittoresco,"  which  he  translated ;  some  prospects 
of.  the  clothing  towns  in  Yorkshire  for  Thoresby's  "  Ducatus 
Leodiensis/'  and  several  places  of  natural  history  for  Dr.  Martin 
Lister.     Ob.  1689. 


JOHN  EVELYN,  esq.   A.  Banner  man  sc.  In  Mr. 
Walpole^s  ^*  Catalogue  of  Engravers.' 


)» 


'  This  gentleman  etched  five  small  views,  of  places  which  he  saw' 
in  his 'journey  betwixt  Rome  and  Naples,  a  view  of  his  own  seat  at 
Wobton,  and  another  of  Putney.*    See  class  IX. 

*  There  are  several  persons  of  rank  and  eminence  now  living,  who  amuse  them- 
vires  with  etching  and  engraving.  Lord  Townshend  has  done  several  good 
triGataras.t  I1ie  Countess-dowager  of  Carlisle  has  .etched  several  prints  from 
tembrandt,  Sal vator  Rosa,  Guido,  and  other  celebrated  masters.  The  late  general 
Qise  was  so  taken  with  some  of  her  pieces,  that  he  asked,  and  obtained  a  complete 
t  of  them.  Lord  Newnham  has  etched  several  landscapes  and  views  about 
aaton-Harcoort,  with  great  freedom  and  taste.  Mr.  Irbj,  son  of  Lord  Boston, 
IS  also  etched,  with  taste  and  skill,  a  view  of  Hedsor  chYirch  in  finckinghamsbire,t 
id  other,  pieces.  Lady  Louisa  Greville,  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Warwick,  has 
cbed  several  landscapes  that  well  deserve  a  place  in  aiiy  collection  ;  as  do  several 
ads  etclied  by  Mrs.  Elizabetlia  Bridgetta  Gulston,  wife  of  Joseph  Gulston,  esq. 

£aIing-grove,  in  Middlesex;  particularly  the  portraits  of  Dr.' Francis  Courayer, 
ter  Hauiiltbn,  and  the  second  which  she  has  done  of  Mr.  Gulston,  after  the  same 


:t  The  latje  Mr.  Pryse  Campbell. excelled  in  caricatura. 

X'StG  the  <*  Gentleman's  Magazine"  for  October,  1771,  p.  450. 


33G  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

PETER  LOMBAKT ;  fr(m  a  ttt-awing  in  the  jm- 
session  of  Mr.  Robert  Gfwe,  formerly  Mr.  TFJ/&w» 
Oldifs,    R.  Grave,  Jim.  sc.  8vo. 


painter.    Miss  Hartley;  daughter  of  the  latie  l)r.  Hartley,  of  Bath,  who  has  etdnd 
Jedidiah  Buxton,  and  other  pieces,  deserves  also  to  be  mentioiied.    fHk  Wiliui' 
-Musgrave  has  also  etched  several  landscapes  with  nncommon  spirit,  from  drafrafgi 
of  Bolognese,  and  the  late  Lord  Bjron*    The  Rey.  Mr.  Bicfasrd  Bjron«  hroUNrtiB 
the  present  Lord  Byron,  has  copied  ttembrandt's  famous  fandscape  of  the  t&rif  iifc^ 
in  so  masterly  a  manner,  that  it  has  passed  in  a  sale  for  tho,  origiaai  priaL    llii 
gentleman,  who  excels  in  drawing,  has  done  several  other  things,  some  of  which  ue 
of  his  own  invention. '  Mr.  Mason's  exact  etching  of  Ids.latff  learned  aad  ii^genoos 
firicnd  Mr.  Gray,  merits  distinction ;  as  does  also  his  own  portrait,  etched  by  C- 
Carter,*  after  Vaslet     The  just  outline  and  high  finishing  of  some  of  the  prints  of 
Captain  William  Baillie,  done  after  pictures,  and  the  character  and  spirit  of  qUkr,. 
firom  drawings,  have  been  justly  admired.     He  has,  in  some  of  bis  works,  bleaided 
liiezEOtinto  and  etching  with  great  success.    Tlie'rc  needs  no  other  proof  of  Us 
abilities  than  the  portrait  of  Witenbogaard,t  or  the  banker^  commonly  knofwa  by 
the  appellation  of  the  gold  iceigher,  which  is  one  of  the  finest^  as  well  as  the  laost 
scarce  and  valuable  of  the  prinU  of  B«mbrandt.t    The  late  Mr.  Peter  Stephens,  a 
gentleman  of  an  easy  fortune,  has  taken  a  great  number  of  drawings  of  picturesque 
scenes,  and  other  remarkable  views  in  Italy.     Of  these  he  has  pablished  tw»w>- 
lAmes  of  etchings,  several  of  which  he  executed  htnfeelf,  and  has  subjoined  to  iAch 
Tiew,  an  historical  account  of  the  place.    I  have  seen  a  Targe  half  sheet  print  by 
him  of  the  beautiful  spot  where  Horace's  vUla  was  anciently  situated.}    Dr.  Wall, 
of  Worcester,  who  wanted  only  leisure  to  excel  iq  painting  and  edgraving,  as'he 
does  in  physic,  has  etched  sey:ral  good  prints  from  his  own  designs.   The  Rev.  Mr. 
Tyson,  fellow  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  in  Cambridge,  and  Mr.  Orde,  late  of  King's, 
in  the  same  university,  merit  a  place  in  this  detail  for  several  portraits.    Dr.  Bill 
engraved  several  of  the  prints  in  his  '*  Eden,  or  Compleat  Body  of  Gardemng."  I 
have  been  informed  that  Dr.  pillenius,  late  professor  of  botany  at  Oxford,  did  se- 
veral plates  in  his  book  of  Mosses,  himself,  because  the  specific  difierences  of  Aose 
vegetables  were  too  minute  to  be  distinguished  by  the  eyes  of  ordinary  engravers. 
Dr.  Gregory  Sharpe,  late  master  of  the  Temple,  etched  several  prints  in  the  **  Syn- 
tagma Dlssertationum"  of  Dr.  Hyde,  lately  published. 

•  Servant  to  Mr.  Mason. 

t  Or  Vitenbogaard. 

X  Captain  Baillie  has  engraved  prints  after  various  masters.  Fifty  of  them  were 
not  long  since  published,  in  one  volume.  The  captain  is  now  intent  upon  another 
volume,  of  which  I  have  seen  several  beautiful  specimens,||  especially  his  Imita- 
tions of  Drawings.  I  am  well  assured  that  his  prints  have  sold  at  much  higber 
prices  in  Dutch  auctions,  than  they  have  ever  sold  for  in  England. 

§  Vide  Horat.  Epist.  Lib.  I.  Ep^VL 

II  This  volume  will  come  forth  by  numbers,  of  which  some  have  b<?en  already 
published. 


Oif   ENGLAND/  MT 

This  artIsC  Wia  a  halire  of  France,  H  not  of  Fatii^  kbore  he 
Mtfiicid  t[h6  art'  of  engvaving.  it  appears,  that  he  c«Me  inU)  Bag- 
land  before  the  restoration,  because  some  of  his  phites  for  fingUsb 
p«t>Kcatio«s  are  dated  prior  to  tbat  evdnt.  How  \(mg  he  staged 
here  is  quite  uacertahi ;  but  tt  is  thought,  that  he  was  not  retaratd 
k^  France  in  tho  year  1679,  at  which  time  a'  set  of  eight  prints^ 
ifae  seven  sciences  and  the  frontispiece,  are  mentioned  in  Oveftbn'a 
catalogue,  as  engraved  by  him.  This  artist  executed  a  vast  variety 
of  plates,  as  well  historical  as  emblematical;  which,  however,  were 
difefly  for  books.  But  his  best  vForks  ar^  portraits ;  and  of  these 
hi  prbdaced  a. considerable  number. 

He  rarely  etched,  but,  in  general,  execated  his  plates  entirely 
with  the  graver.  He  worked  in  a  very  neat  laboured  style ;  and 
if  Ins  g«x>d  taste  had  beea  equal  to  hi*  asMiiity,  his  works  mi|;ht 
Ihm  compared  with  those  of  the  first  mast^^.  He  wad  not  only 
dfefi<;ient  in  taste,  but  his  drawing  is  frequently  incorrect ;  his  out^ 
Mnes  are  hard ;  and  the  continual  sameness  which  runs  through 
ail  Lis  engravings,,  is  disgustlag  to  the  eye.  Besides*  the  dark 
shadows  want  force  and  boldness ;  and  the  lights  are  too  equally 
eoviercd,  which  gives  a  flatness  to  the  figuri^s,  and  prevetits  their 
selitviiig  the  back-ground  with  any  striking  eS€ct :  and  this  fauH 
is  evident  even  ua  his  engravings  fraia  the  pictorea  of  Vandyek. 
His  bisst  portraits,  however,  though  not  perfbct  are  by  no  means 
devoid  of  merit,  or  undeservedly  noticed  by  tl^  colleotora  in  gene* 
ral.  The  multitude  of  book  plates,  whictr  he  executed  for  the  folio 
editicm  of  Ogilby's  Virgil,  Homer,  and  other  poets,  with  frontis- 
pieces of  all  kinds,  are  too  numerous  to  insert,  but  the  following  aire 
reekoned  the  best  of  has  works*  ^^ 

The  Last  Supper;  a  larger  upright  plate  from  Nicholas  Poussin. 

The  Angel  appearing  to  Joseph ;  a  middliag^sized  upright  platei 
after  Ph.  Champagne. 

A  Crucifixion ;  the  same,  from  the  same. 

Charles  the  First  of  England  on  horseback;  a  large,  half-tjieft 
print;  the  face  of  whush  was  afterward  taken  out,  attd  that  of 
OUirer  Cromwell  substituted  in  its  stead. 

A  set  of  twelve  hsdf-Iengths,tien  of  whichare  ladies^frbm'^^am^ykeb 

Oliver  Cromwell,  with  his  page;  a  half-sheet  print,  after  Widlier. 
.  Walker  the  painter;  a  small  uprighi*-plate,  an  oval,  in  4to. 

Sir  Samuel  Moreland,  after  Lelj^an. ova),  in  4to. 

Ann  Hyde,  dutchess  of  York;  an^al,  in  octavo;  after  the  samel. 

VOL.  V.  .  2  X 


338  BIOGRAPHrCAL!  HISTORY 

•  Samuel  Malines^-a'small  half-ah^tprint,  in  an  oval;  '  : 
Dr.  Charlton;  anovali  in  octavo;  with  many 'foreign  portnuts' 

eqnially- meritorious* 

He  also  engraved  from  Raphael,  Annibale  Carraci,  Guide,  Vig- 

iion,.Le  Febure,  and  other  masters;  these  prints  are  dated  from. 

1654,  to  1671.    He  used  a  markroccasionally,  composed  of.aT. 

and  an  L;  joined  together: 

L  A.  HERTOCKS ;  from,  a  drawing  in  the  poms- 
sion  of  Mr.  Robert  GravCy  formerly  Mr.  W.  Oldys.^ 
R.GravejJun.  sc.  Svo. 

'  Hertocks  was  an  industrious  engraver^  by  whose  labours-many 
of  the  publications  of  the  seventeenth  century  were  adorned,  with 
sculptures.  The  partiality  of  parents  to  their  children  cannot  per- 
haps be  better  proved,  than  in  instances  relative  to  the  arts.:  If  a 
boy  be  discovered  tracing  out  uncouth  forms  upon.a  wall,  the  father, 
proud  of  the  display  of  genius,  which  he  conceives  to  be  evident.in 
the  performance  of  his  son,  resolves  to  make  an  artist  of  him.  The 
youth  is  persuaded,  and  a  master  is  accordingly  procured  without 
further  consultation.  By  this,  hasty  determination,  much  usefol 
tiole  is  often  lost,  and  a  bad  artist  left,  to  struggle  with  poverty; 
who  in  any  other  more  eligible  pursuit,  might  have.procured  a. com- 
fortable subsistence  for^  himsielf  and  benefitted  the  rest  of  mankind. 
But  even  supposing  such-  a  lad  to  be  fond  of  the  pursuit  himself, 
if  he  mistakes  that  partiality  for  a  natural  genius,  all  his  produc- 
tions will  manifest  the  laboured  formality  and  stiffness  of  practice 
and  study,  unassisted  by  taste.  To  one  of  these  causea  it  was.  pro- 
bably owing,  that  we  meet  with  the  name  of  Hertocks.  in  the  list  of 
artists.  He  worked  with  the  graver  only,  in  a  neat,  stiff  style.  His 
portraits  are  the  best  part  of  his  works;  for. where  he  attempted 
the  naked  figure,  'as  in  some  of  his  frontispieces,  his  draining  is 
belbw  criti^nsm :  hisbest  heads  are  those  of 

Sir  Francis  Wortley,  knight,  prisoner  in  the  Tower  of  London^ 
ins^r^otfri  dated' 1652;  a  small  half-sheet  plate. 
'    Gideon  Harvey;  a  small  upright  oval  print.  . 

A.  Brome,  dated  1661 ;  a. small  upright  print  in  an  oval  frame. 

Sir  Edward  Nicholas,  secretary  of  state;  an  oval  print,  on  a  small 
*half-sheet.  . 


op  ENGLAND.  339 

JOSfiPH  RO*riER,   cydevant  graveur  de  la  mo- 
noye  de  Charles  11.  d'Angleterre. 

'  This  print  was  done  when  he  was  in  the  service  of  Lewis  XIV.' 
^ '  There  #ere  three  brothers  of  the  name  of  Rotier ;  John,  Joseph, 
and  Philip,  who  were  employed  as  engravers  of  coins  and  medals 
to  Charles  11.  The  celebrated  Simon,  who  had  served  the  republic 
-and  Cromwell  in  the  same  capacity,  was  displaced,  and  the  two 
first  of  these  brothers  were,upon  his  removal,  taken  into  the  king'« 
service ;  and  soon  after,  their  youngest  brother.  Upon  this  Simon 
engraved  the  famous  crown  piece,  which  recovered  his  salary.* 
Joseph  afterward  entered  into  the  service  of  the  French  king. 


MUSICIANS. 

JOHN  WILSON,  doctor  of  music;  oval;  Ato.  mezz. 
I  do  not  remember  to  have  seen  this  print  any  where, 
.but  in  the  Pepysian  Library,  at  Magdalen  College,  in 
Cambridge.  The  name  is  in  manuscript.  There  is  a 
portrait  of  him  in  the  Music  School,  at  Oxford. 

John  Wilson,  Mus.  D.  copied  from  the  above. 
E.  Harding  so.  4to. 

John  Wilson  ;  a  circle.  J.  Caldwall;  in  Hawkins's 
^^  History.'' 

Dr.  John  Wilson,  who,  as  Mr.  Wodd  informs  us,  was  an  admi^ 
rable  lutanist,  and  the  most  noted  musician  in  England,  in  the  reign 
Df  Charles  I.  was  gentleman  of  the  chapel,  and  musician  in  ordi^ 
nary  to  that  prince.  In  1656  he  was  constituted  music  professor 
in  the  university  of  Oxford.  Upon  the  return  of  Charles  II.  he 
was  restored  to  his  former  places^  and  also  appointed  one  of  the 
choir  in  Westminster  Abbey.— He  turned  a  considerable  part  of 

*  Round  the  edge  of  this  beautiful'  piece  is  engraved  the  following  petition : 
"  Thomas  Simon  most  humbly  prays  yonr  majesty  to  compare  this  his  tryal  piece 
with  the  Dutch ;  and  if  more  truly  drawn  and  embossed,  more'  gracefully  ordered, 
and  more  accurately  engraven,  to  relieve  him." 


34^  BIOGR^'PHIC^b   H&STORY 

tbe  **  iBikon  BwUke"  into  Yer3e,.axid  tet  it  .-to  nusie  :  lie  daD  set 
and  published  a  great  variety  of  songs  and  ballads,  divine  ^nricci^ 
and  anthems,  of  which  the  Oxfbrd  antiquary  halt  given  ns  Sb  i^ 
cQunt.  in. the  archives  of  that  university,  is  pres^^ed  a  aiiMU 
.^er^t  by  hiai,  which  contains  musical  compositiona  adapted' ^ 
fi0veral  odes  of  Horace,  and  other  pieces  of  tl^  Boman  poets,  fir 
was  a  maAr  of  a  mercurial  temper,  and  had  a  stropg  pr<qieQsitf  t$ 
bjuffoonery*  Ok.  22  Feb.  1673,  M.  78.  See  the  reiga  of 
£aAtius  I.  Cless  X.  article  Oouter. 


HENRICUS  PURCEIX,  M.  M  J  i^ng  wig,  pint- 
lace  neckcloth ;  h.  sk. 

Henry  Purcell,  JBf.  67  4696;  h.  sh.  J.  Closter- 
man;  R.  White. 

PtTRcjsLLj  n  head.    Sir  G.  KneUer;  HolUmay. 
Henry  Purge ll  ;  in  Hawkins's  '^Hist.  of  Grigmfftf 

Henry  Purcell,  the  celebrated  author  of  the  "  Orpheus  Britan* 
nicus/'  began  early  to  distinguish  himself  in  music.  As  his  genius 
was  original,  it  wanted  but  little  forming ;  and  he  rose  to  the  height 
of  his  profession,  with  more  ease  than  others  pass  through  their 
rudiments.  He  was  made  organist  to  Westminster  Abbey,  in  tbe 
latter  end  of  this  reign.  In  that  of  William,  he  set  several  songs 
for  Drydeii's  "  Amphitryon,"  and  his  "  King  Arthur,  or  the  British 
Worthy  ;**  which  were  received  with  just  applause.  That  great 
poet,  who  thought  the  defects  of  his  own  compositums  abundantly 
supplied  by  those  of  Purcell,  has  pronounced  him  equal  to  the  best 
masters  of  music  abroad.*  His  notes,  in  his  operas,  were  admi- 
rably adapted  to  his  words,  and  so  echoed  to  the  senses  that  the 

•  See  the  dedications  to  the  ♦'  Araphitryon,"  and  ♦*  King  Arthur." 
Other  poets,  besides  Di-ydeo,  have  been  greatly  indebted  to  this  celebrated  com* 
pbscr,  as  appears  from  the  following  lines  : 

To  Mr.  Henry  PurcelK 
"  To  you  a  tribute  from  each  muse  is  due  ; 
The  whole  poetic  tribe's  obliged  to  you  : 
For  ^rely  none  but  jou,  with  equal  ease, 
Could  add  to  Daviri  and  make  D'Urfey  pleaset" 


.     OF  BNGLANO.  941 

itimdtf  jdoM  feemed  capable  of  exciting^  those  passions  which 
A19  iieTer  foiled  to  do  in  conjanction.  His  music  was  very  difit- 
tfott  firom  the  Italian :  it  was  entirely  English ;  it  was  masculine. 
H^died  ibe  %Ut  of  Not.  1695,  in  the  thirty-seventh  year  of  hb 
^g^  and  was  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  **  He  is  gone,  says 
tk%  author  of  his  epitaph,  **  to  that  blessed  place  where  only  his 
^Murmony  can  be  exceeded/'*  Daniel  Purcell,  some  time  organist 
s^  Magdalen  College,  in  Oxford,  and  afterward  of  St.  Andrew's, 
Holbom,  was  his  brother.  He  was  notorious  for  his  puns.t 
There  is  a  portrait  of  Henry  Purcell  which  belongs  to  the  reigpi  of 
'William  HI. 

CHRISTOPHORUS  SIMPSON.  Before  his '' Com- 
fendium  of  practical  Musicy'  1666;  8w.  /  am  in- 
formed that  there  is  a  whole  length  of  hhn^  pl^i^g  <^ 
ike  viola  da  gamba,  h.  sh. 

See  an  account  of  the  author,  and  this  book,  in  the  Inter- 

JOHN  PLAYFORD,  M.  38.   Gaywoodf  \2mo. 
Johannes  Playford*    Loggan  sc.  8vo. 
John  Playford,  JEt.  40,  1663 ;  l2mo. 
Johannes  Playford,  JEt.  57.    Van  Hove  ^c.  8m. 

The  two  last  are  before  different  editions  of  his  ''  Introduction 
to  the  Skill  of  Music.*'  The  date  of  his  age  on  the  last  print  seems 
to  have  been  altered,  as  it  is  47  in  Mr.  Ames's  Catalogue. 

John  Playford,  who  kept  a  music  shop  near  the  Temple-gate  in 
London,  was  author  of  '<  An  Introduction  to  the  Skill  of  Music," 
pul)Iished  in  1655,  and  often  reprinted.  Mr.  Wood  informs  us, 
that  he  was  assisted  in  this  work  by  Charles  Pidgeon,  of  Gray's 
Inn,  and  that  he  was  indebted  fgtr  a  considerable  part  of  it  to 

*  I  rausl  acknowledge  myself  indebted  for  several  anecdotes  concerning  nwsi- 
crans,  and  some  insigbt  into  their  cbaracteri,  to  Dr.  Higrcs,  the  ingenious  professor 
oi  music  at  Oxford. 

t  See  the  Jest  Books,  passim. 


1342  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

Thomas  Motley's  **  Introdaction  to  fifusic/'  printed  in  folio,  1597.^ 
The  latter  editions  of  it  have  the  manner  and  order  of  perfotiliiii^ 
divine  service  in  cathedral  and  colleg^late  churches^  '8uh}oinedt6 
'them.  He  was  editor  of  '*  The  Book  of  Psalms  and  Hymns  tft 
'Metre»  with  all  their  usual  and  proper  tunes/'  &c.  Tins  was  eor* 
i^cted  by  Henry  Purcell,  and  was  sometimes  bound  with  the 
'*'  Book  of  Common  Prayer/'  He  also  published  ^*  Airs  and  Songs 
for  the  Theorbo  Lute,  or  Bass  Viol.** 

THOMAS  MACE,  Trin.  Coll.  Cantabr.  clericus; 
JBf.  63.  Hen.  Coke  p.  W.  Fait  home  sc.  Before  his 
book;  fol  1676. 

Thomas  Mace  was  author  of  a  book  entitled,  '*  Mo8ick'$ 
Monument,  or  a  Remembrancer  of  the  best  practical  Musick, 
both  divine  and  civil,  that  has  ever  been  known  to  have  been 
in  the  world :  divided  into  three  Parts."  The  first  part  shews 
a  necessity  of  singing  psalms  well  in  parochial  churches,  or  not 
to  sing  at  all ;  directing  how  they  might  be  well  sung,  -ftc. .  The 
second  part  treats  of  the  lute;  the  third  of  the  viol. — Psal- 
mody has  been  much  improved  both  as  to  inusic  and  mediod 
since  Mace^s  time.  The  finest  psalm  tunes  ever  composed  are 
those  of  Marcello,  which  the  Rev,  Mr.  Mason,  well  known  by  bis 
poetical  works,  has  caused  to  be  sung  in  his  parish  church. f  There 
is  an  excellent  method,  or  course  of  singing  in  churches,  in  Bisjiop 
Gibson's  "  Appendix  to  his  Directions  to  the  Clergy  of  the  Diocese 
of  London.*' 

MR.  JENKINS,  an  eminent  master  of  music,  flourished  in  this 
reigu,  but  I  believe  no  portrait  of  him  has  been  engraved. 

FRANCESCO  CORBETTA,  famosissimo  Mastro 
-  di  Chittarra,  qtial  Orfeo,  nel  Suonar  ogn'un  il  narra* 
H.  Gascar  p.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

•  '*  Fasti  Oxon,"  i.  coK  134. 

t  **  Marcello,  a  noble  Venetian,  set  tlie  first  fifty  psalms  to  music.  In  this  he 
has  united  the  simplicity  and  pathos  of  the  ancient  music  with  the  grace  and  variety 
of  the  modern."— Dr.  Gregory's  *«  Comparative  View,"  &c.  p.  153,  edit.  4. 


\       .  OF   E;N0LAND.    -  343 

;  Fkanceaco  CoRBETXAr   V.  B€rgJie;'4to.      ' 

A  guitar  in  the  band  of  Corbetta,  who  was  justly  admired  by  the 
longy  'aeemed  to  be. an  instrument  of  much  greater  compass  and 
ibvce.  Mr.  Pope,  in  the  following  lines,  hints  at  the  vogue  of  this 
uuttrument  in  the  reig^  of  Charles. 

*'  No  wonder  then,  when  all  was  love  and  sport. 
The*  willing  nioses  were  debauched  at  coun : 
On  each  enervaU  Uring  they  taught  the  note 
To  pant,  or  tremble  through  an  eunuch's  throat."* 

Ghit.  of  the  1st  Epist.  of  the  2d  Book  of  Horace. 

CHRISTOPHER  GIBBONS.    J.  Caldwall  sc.  a 

*      - 

circle.    In  Hawkins's  **  History  of  Music'' 

• 

Christopher  Gibbons,  son  of  the  celebrated  Orlando  Gibbons, 
after  receiving,  a  musical  education  from  his  uncle,  Mr.  Ellis  Gib- 
bons, organist  of  Bristol,  became  a  chorister  in  the  chapiel  of  King 
Charles  the  First ;  and,  at  the  restoration ,  was  appointed  principal 
^g&nist  of  the  chapel  of  King  Charles  the  Second,  organist  in 
private  to  his  majesty,  and  organist  of  Westminster  Abbey.     The 
king  had  so  great  a  partiality  for  him,  that  he  was  induced  to  give 
^  geraonal  recommendation*  to  the  university  of  Oxford,  requekdng 
that  he  might  be  admitted  to  the  degree  of  doctor  in  music.    This 
he  Was  honoured  with,  July  1664.  '  He  died  in  the  parish  of  St.* 
Margaret,  Westminster,  1676,  being  more' celebrated  for  his  skill 
Ui  playing  the  organ,  than  for  his  compositions.    - 

MATTHEW  LOCK.  J.  Caldwall  sc.  Jn  Hawkins's 
^^  History  of  Music." 


*  Dr.  Browne,  in  his  "  Estimate  of  the  Manners  and  Principles  of  the  Times/*t 

t.bas  censures  the  guitar:  *'  The  liarpsichord,  an  instrument  of  power  and •corapessi 

Is  now  going  out  of  use.    The  guitar,  a  trifling  instrument  in  itself,  and  generally 

^Kiwaaught.in  tlie. most  ignorant  and. trifling  nianoer; is  adopted  in  its  place;  while 

Yhe  theorbo  and  lute,  the  noblest,  becaqse  the  roost  expressive  and  pathetic  of  all 

accompaniments,  are  altogether  laid  aside.    What  ii  the  reasoni  of  this?   Because 

the  guitar  i>  a  plaything  for  a  child;  tlie  harpsichord  and  lute  require  application.*' 


t  Vol..  ji,  p.  77,  78,  «t4it.4758. 


344  BIOORieMtlCAl  tflSTTORY 

Matthev  lock  was  pupil  to  Edward  QtUxniiy  itnd  doe  of  the 
choristers  in  .the  .cathedral  church  of  Exeter,  and. very  early  jat- 
tained  a  considerable  degree  of  eminence  in  his  profession.  Hc^ 
composed  the  music  for  the  public  entry  of. King  Charles  tbft. 
Second,  and  was  appointed  composer  in  ordinary  to  that  monarch* 
He  is  said  to  have  first  published  rules  for  thorough  bass :  and  was 
the  composer  of  the  music  to  ShaksqpeareV  Macbeth  awl  the  Tem- 
pest, as  altered  by  Sir  William  Dvfenaiit,  He  i^pears  to  have 
been  of  an  unpleasant  and  quarrelsome  disposiddn.  Towards  the 
latter  part  of  his  life.  Lock  became  a  Roman  Catholic,  and  was 
appointed  organist  to  Catherine  of  Portugal,  the  contort  of  King' 
Charles  the  Second.   Ob.  1677.  See  '<  Musical  Biography,''  1811 

EDWARD  LOW ;  in  the  titk  to  his  "  Directiomfor 
Performance  of  the  Cathedral  Service j^^  1664 ;  8vo. 

Edward  Low,  originally  a  chorister  in  Salisbuiy  cathedral,  suc- 
ceeded William  Stonard  as  organist  of  Christ  Church  about  1630i 
and  was  afterward  public  professor  of  the  musical  pra»s  in  th^ 
yniversity  of  Oxford,  and  author  of  a  ^^  Short  Direction  for  the  per- 
formance of  the  Cathedral  Service;''  printed  at  Oxon^  166(1.  A 
second  edition,  with  additions,  relating  to  the  ComnK>n  Prsyer,  &c. 
was  published  1664,  with  his  portrait  in  the  title*  Wood  says  he 
was  judicious  in  his  profession,  but  not  graduated  therein.  He 
died  1682,  and  was  buried  in  the  divinity  chapel  adjoining  to 
Christ  Church,  near  the  body  of  Alice,  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir 
Robert  Peyton,  the  younger,  of  Dodington,  in  the  Isle  of  Ely, 
knight. 

WRITING  MASTERS,  &c. 

EDWARD  COCKER.  Gaywood  f.  four  EngU 
verses. 

Edward  Cocker  ;  aval ;  flourished  ornaments^  viz. 
Mars,  Minerva,  8$c.  oblong  ;  folio. 

Edward  Cocker.  Van  Hove  so.  Before  his '^ Eng- 
lish Dictionary,''  in  small  8w,— See  the  Interregnum. 


OF    ENGLAND.  345 

THOMAS  WESTON.    R.  White  sc.  1682;  h.  sh. 
prefixed  to  his  "  Ancilla  Caligraphia'' 

'  Thomas  Weston  was  author  of  a  book  of  writing  and  drawing,  and , 
I  think)  of  a  treatise  of  arithmetic  :  queere.  He  has  been  confounded 
with  James  Weston,  a  much  later  author,  who  pubUshed  "  A  new 
Method  of  Short-Hand;"  which  has  been  several  times  printed. 
At  the  conclusion  of  his  advertisement  to  the  second  edition  are 
these  words :  **  N.  B.  If  his  book  does  not  teach  any  purchaser 
perfectly,  he  hereby  obliges  himself  to  teach  him  gratis.*' 


MASON,  teacher  of  short-hand.*    U?ider  the  head 
are  these  lines  : 

**  liet  Shelton,  Rich,  and  all  the  rest  go  down ; 
Bring  here  your  golden  pen,  and  laurel  crown  : 
Great  Mason*s  nimbler  quill  outstrips  the  wind, 
And  leaves  the  voice,  alaiost  the  thoughts,  behind, 
la  vain  may  Momus  snarl ;  he  soars  on  high, 
Praise  he  commands,  and  envy  does  defy." 

S.  W. 

6vo.   Before  his  "  Art's  Advancement.'' 


This  author  endeavoured  to  improve  upon  Jeremiah  Rich*s 
scheme,  in  his  '^  Pen  plucked  from  an  Eagle's  Wing."  But  he  was 
more  successful  in  his  ''  Art's  Advancement,  or  an  exact  Method 
of  Short-Hand ;"  founded  on  a  plan  of  his  own.  His  last  treatise, 
entitled,  **  La  Plume  volante,"  is  his  masterpiece.  He  was  by  many 
supposed  tohdive  carried  this  art  to  a  higher  degree  of  perfection  than 
any  of  his  predecessors.  His  "  Short-Hand  improved"  has  been 
lately  reprinted.  He  was  famous  for  writing  much  in  a  little  com- 
pass ;  for  which  Biddlecomb,  who  belonged  to  the  choir  of  Salis- 
bury, and  several  others,  have  been  noted. 


SAMUELIS  BOTLEY;  1674,  Mt  33;  sia;  English 
verses;  Svo. 


•  His  portrait  may  be  placed  in  either  of  the  two  following  reigns. 
VOL,  V,  2  Y 


346  BIOGRAPH|CJ^L    HISTORY 

Samuel  BoTLEY.  W.  Dplle  ^.  ^fva.  Afi^rmri 
reduced  and  prefixe4  to  a  school-book. 

Samuel  PpM^J  ^^  ^utbpir  of  '^  Mazimmn  m  MinimQ,  or  Mr. 
Jeremiah  Rich>  Peii>  Dextaity  completed,"  1674.  Thi§  bo0ki| 
entirely  eogri^v^4* 

WILLIAM  HOf  KINS,  Drapentitr  ^c.  \2ma, 

William  Hopkins,  teacher  of  the  art  of  short-hand,  was  author 
of  abook,  entitled  «  The  Flying  Penman,"  1674,  12mo. 

There  is  a  print  of  ZEBELINA,  a  teacher  of  short- 
hand, by  Faithome ;  and  another  of  LE  BELOMAN, 
or  Belonian,  who  was  of  the  same  profession^  and 
very  probably,  by  the. same  engraver. 

I  know  nothing  of  these  persons. 

TRADESMEN,  MECHANICS,  &c. 

JACOB'  TON  SON,  a  bookseller  of  prime  note,  printed  several 
of  the  works  of  Mr.  Dryden,  and  other  eminent  authors  In  the  reign 
of  Charles  II.  The  first  edition  of  the  *•*  Spanish  Friar"  was  printed 
for  Richard  and  Jacob  Tonson,  at  Gray's-Inn-gate,  in  Gray's-Inn- 
lane,  and  at  the  Judge*s  Head,  in  Chancery-lane,  1681."  His  por- 
trait belongs  to  the  reign  of  Anne. 

The  most  flourishing  bookseller  at  t^iis  period  ws*  George  Saw- 
bridge,  who  left  each  of  his  ^our  daughters  10,000/.  He  was  suc- 
ceeded in  trade  by  Awnsha^m  Churchill,  bis  apprentice-  In  dve 
reign  of  Charles  I.  and  the  former  part  of  this  reign«  ther^  ^^r^ 
but  two  or  three  eminent  booksellers  in  the  kingdom,  who  em- 
ployed persons  to  collect  for  them  at  home  and  abroad,  and  sold 
their  refuse  to  infi^ripr  trade^men^ 

EDWARDUS  COWPER.  J.  Vander  Vaart  p.  Pel- 
ham  f.  1724;  mezz. 


OF   BNGLANb,  347 

Edward  Cooper  #as  a  retj  considerable  printieller  in  the  latter 
ind  6f  this  reign,  and  was  a  thriving  man  in  trade  for  a  long  course 
»f  years.     His  name  is  affixed  to  a  great  number  of  meaiotiat06« 

RICHARD  THOMPSON*  G.Soust (or ZoustJjK 
F.  Place/,  h.  sh.  mezz. 

This  is  esteemed  the  best  of  Place's  pbrtrafts. 

Richard  Tompson  was  certainly  a  printseller ;  bnt  I  am  m  some 
knibt  whether  he  was  an  engraver.  I  have  seen  the  words  Tomps&m 
jKwdU  to  mezzotintos  of  the  Dutchess  of  Portsmouth,  the  Conntessf 
»f  Exeter,  the  Countess  of  Stamford,  the  Lord  John  and  Lord  Ber* 
isird  Stuart,  Mrs.  Davis,  and  several  others,  but  never  Tampsom 
'ecit.  It  would  perhaps  be  needless  to  inform  the  reader,  that  th« 
rord  excmiit  is  generally  used  by  those  that  take  off  prints  at  the 
olling-presSy  and  fecit  by  those  that  engrave  them. 

It  has  been  already  observed,  that  Tompson,  who  employed  Van 
Corner  to  engrave  for  him,  has  been  confounded  with  that  artist. 

JOHANNES  BULFINCH.  Loggan  sc.  \2mo. 

I  have  been  informed  that  Balfinch>  who  was  a  printseller  in  the 
alter  end  of  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  was  living,  and  in  the  same 
>rofessiou,  in  the  feign  of  Anne ;  but  know  not  when  he  died.  He 
vas  a  great  lover,  and  also  a  collector  of  pictures.  It  is  observable 
faat  all  persons,  whose  occupatiofis  have  any  sort  of  connexion 
leith  design^  are  apt  to  grow  enamoured  of  the  works  of  eminent' 
aasters,  from  the  history^painter  down  to  the  pattern-dravrer  and 
irintseller. 

I  have  seen  some  aathentie  drawings  of  portraits,  which  certainly* 
lelonged  to  Bnlfinch,  and  which  are  said  to  have  been  taken,  by 
lis  own  hand,  from  original  paintings. 

RICHARDUS  COLLINS,  natus  Oxoni©,  Maij  19, 
1642.    J.  Browne  del.  et  sc.  1676,  in  Tedbury;  8vo. 

This  man  was  supervisor  of  the 'excise  in  the  city  of  Bristol, 
t677.  The  portrait  is  prefixed  to  his  "  Gauger's  Vade  Mecum  " 
1677;  8vo. 

.  *  He  spelt  bn  name  Tainp.8on. 


348  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

ROSE,  gardener  to  the  Dutchess  of  Cleve- 


land, presenting  the  first  pine-apple  cultivated  in  Eng- 
land to  Charles  II.  at  Dawney  Court,  in  Buckingham- 
shire.    JK.  Grave  sc.  h.  sh. 

The  restoration  of  Charles  the  Second,  introduced  into  England 
a  taste  for  cultivating  gardens  and  pleasure-grounds  unknown  to 
this  country  before.  Le  Notre,  a  celebrated  French  gardener,  was 
employed  by  the  king,  to  improve  St.  James*8  Park,  and  the  trees 
tliat  at  present  ornament  the  Mall,  and  Birdcage- walk,  were  planted 
by  him.  About  this  period,  Mr.  Evelyn  produced  his  well-known 
essay  on  gardening,  in  which  he  notices  this  Rose,  and  mentions 
the  picture  of  him  presenting  the  pine-apple  to  the  king,  in  the 
collection  at  Kensington  Palace.  He  was  in  the  service  of  Barbara 
Villiers,  dutchess  of  Cleveland,  and  availed  himself  of  one  of  the 
royal  visits,  to  her  grace's  seat  at  Dawney  Court,  to  introduce  the 
fruit  of  his  cultivation  to  the  hands  of  the  king. 

• 

ACTORS. 

MICHAEL  MOHUN ;  from  an  original  picture  in 
the  collection  of  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Dorset.  E. 
Harding,  jun.  sc.  4to. 

Michael  Mohun  was  bred  to  the  profession  of  an  actor ;  having 
(as  we  learn  from  Wright,  in  his  Historia  Histrionica),  when  a  boy, 
been  apprentice  to  Christopher  Beeston  (a  contemporary  with 
Shakspeare),  at  the  Cock-pit,  in  Drury-lane ;  where,  as  was  then 
the  custom  for  boys  and  young  men,  he  played  female  characters. 
In  1640,  he  performed  Bellamonte,  in  Shirley's  Love's  Cruelty, 
which  part  he  resumed  after  the  restoration. 

On  the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  war  between  Charles  I.  and  his 
parliament,  with  the  consequent  shutting  up  of  the  theatres,  and 
dispersion  of  the  players,  Mohun,  with  most  of  the  English  actors 
then  existing,  became  a  volunteer  in  defence  of  his  sovereign  ;  and 
at  the  battle  of  Edge-hill,  1642,  in  which  the  king  was  victorious, 
the  major  under  whom  he  served,  and  by  whose  side  he  bravely 
fought,  being  shot,  our  young  cavalier  immediately  and  essentially 
supplied  his  place ;  for  which  he  was  afterward  rewarded  with  the 
permanent  rank  he  had,  pro  tempore,  so  gallantly  sustained. 


OF   ENGLAND.  349 

During  the  Protectorate,  Wright,  says  Mohun,  served  in  Flanders, 
ivhere  he  received  pay  as  a  major;  but  according  to  that  stage- 
bistoriany  he  was  only  a  captain  in  the  royal  army.  Gibber,  in  his 
apology,  says,  that  Mohun  and  Hart  had  severally  borne  the  king's 
commission  of  major  and  captain  in  the  civil  wars. 

After  the  restoration  of  Charles  II.  he  became  one  of  a  newr 
iofmed  company,  composed  of  the  collected  relics  of  all  the  old 
ones;  and  acted  at  the  Bull,  in  St.  John's-street ;  then  at  a  new 
lioase,  as  Downes  terms  it,  in  Gibbon's  Tennis-court,  in  Vere- 
•treet,  Clare-market;  and,  in  1663,  at  the  new  theatre  in  Drury- 
hne;  where  Mohun  and  his  associates  were  first  honoured  with  the 
title  of  his  majesty's  company  of  comedians  :  the  principal  sharers 
in  which  company,  Mohun,  Hart,  &c.  (as  it  is  recorded  by  Wright), 
gained  1000/.  per  annum  each,  on  a  division  of  the  profits. 

Hart  and  Mohun  were  the  two  great  luminaries  of  the  theatrical 
hemisphere ;  but  the  latter  seems  to  have  been  preferred,  at  least 
On  one  occasion  by  Charles  II.  who,  seeing  them  both  perform  in  a 
new  play,  said  that  Mohun,  or  Moon,  as  his  name  was  usually 
pronounced,  shone  like  the  sun,  and  Hart  like  the  moon. 

When  Major  Mohun  was  born,  and  when  he  died,  are  circum- 
stances unknown ;  of  his  parentage  we  are  also  uninformed. 


WILLIAM  CARTWRIGET;  from  an  original  pic- 
ture in  Dulwich  College.  Clamp  sc.  4to.  In  Waldron's 
•Shakspearean  Miscellany. 

William  Cartwright  was  one  of  Killegrew's  company  at  the  ori- 
^pxaX  establishment  of  Drury-lane,  where  he  played  FaJstaff.  This 
l^rformer,  by  his  will  dated  September,  1686,  left  his  books  and 
IMCtures,  several  articles  of  furniture,  and  390  pieces  of  gold,  to 
Dulwich  College ;  but  his  servants,  defrauded  the  college  of  the 
greater  part  both  of  the  furniture  and  money,  of  which  they  re- 
ceived only  .65/. 

Adjoining  the  audit-room  of  the  college  is  a  small  library,  in 
which  are  the  books  bequeathed  to  the  college  by  Mr.  Cartwright. 
This  library  formerly  contained  a  very  valuable  collection  of  old 
plays,  which  were  given  by  the  college  to  Mr.  Garrick,  when  he 
was  making  his  theatrical  collection,  in  exchange  for  some  more 
modem  publications.  There  still  remain  some  scarce  editions  of 
books  in  various  departments  of  literature,  as  it  may  be  imagined 


360  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

wotild  be  found  ftndongsfc  Ihtf  stock  In  traidd  g§  « l^ookseller  who 
)»9ed  in  llbe  lAiddle  of  thfe  17tk  e^nttfry. 

Fisom  Carl^f  rigkt's  having  been  a  bookdeH^r,  ^  t^ell  as  m  it^^f, 
we  laay  infer  tbat  be  was  iadustrious ;  from  his  %tb^  possessed  of 
so  much  property^  that  ke  was  prudeDt ;  imd,  fttitik  hid  libera}  be^ 
<]iiest  to  Diilwich  College,  that  he  was  chantable. 

The  poiitr^t  of  Cartwright,  which*  w^  painted-  by  GVeenhill  iik 
hf»  best  mfftnnteii,  represents  him  in  ft  h^ofA  fo^e  and  d^wifig  peftdce^ 
with  hie  hand  on  a;  dog's  head. 


JOSEPH  HARRIS,  in  the  character  of  Cardinal 
Wotsey ;  h.  sh.  mezz.  in  the  Pep^sian  lAbrary,  Cam- 
bridge; rare. 

Joseph  Baaris,  comlediatt ; /re^  an  original pic- 
ttcre  in  the  collection  of  the  Earl  of  Orfofd,  dt  Straw- 
berry-MIL    E\  Harding  sc.  Ato. 

In  theyeai*  1659J  Gigneral  Monfc,then  marchittg  his  s^tmy  out  of 

Scotland  to  Londorf,  Mr.  Rhddes,  a  bookseller,  formerly  wanf- 

robe-keeper  to  King  Charles  the  First's  company  of  comedians  in 

Blackfriars^   getting  a  licence  from   the   then   governing    state^ 

fitted  up  a  house  for  actitig  cstHed  the  Cock-pit,  in  Dfury-lane,  and 

in  a  diort  tiiti^  coii^pTeted  his  company,  among  whom  wsk  the  cele<» 

brated  Betterton.     After  this  company  had  performed  there  some 

time.  Sir  William  Davenant  gained  a  patent  from  the  king,  and 

created  Mr.  Bettertdn,  and  all  the  rest  of  RhodesV  corttpailyj  the 

■king's  servants ;  who  were  sWorri  by  my  Lofd  Mfemchestcr,  theA 

lofrd-chamberfain,  to  serve  his-  royal  hJghness  the  Duke  of  Ydrik,  al 

the  theatre  in  Lincoln *s-Inn-fields,  wheti  th6  folfowing'  ftW*  new 

a^ors  were  engaged  by  Sir  William,  to  complete  the  coiriparrf  he 

had  from'  Mr.  Rhodes:— Mr.  Harris^  Mr,  ^cfe,  Mir.  Riehttfds^ 

and  Mr.  Blagden. 

The  newt  theatre  in  Lincolii^s^ltin-fields  opened  in  the  spi'ing, 

166^,  with  the  fim  and  second  part  of  the  S^ge  (tf  Rho(ks,  having 

new  scenes  and  decorations^  being  the  first  that  were  itftFodHced  in 

England.     Mt.  Betterton  acted-  Solymai$  the  Magnifkent,  zxid  Mn 

Martin  Alpificmo.   This  play'  was  followed  b»f*the  tragfedy  of  ifamZer, 

in  which  Harris  played  Horatio,     Soon  a^ter  cttime  out  Lett  tmd 

^[imcnifir^ wmter.bySir W^UiaaS-Davenant :  UuS'playwtjS^eldy «l€Pdied; 


OF    ENGLAND.  351 

the  kisg  giving  Mr.  Betterton  his  coronition  wok,  in  which  he  aoted 
the  part  of  Prince  Aharo,  The  Dnke  of  York  giving  Mr.  Harris 
hb,  who  did  Prince  PiOipcro;  and  mj  Lord  of  Oxford  gave  Mr. 
Joseph  Price  his,  who  did  liojir/,  the  Duke  of  Parma*s  son. 

By  the  variety  of  parts  Harrb  Hutained,  we  may  fairiy  conjee- 
tore  that  he  was  a  general  as  well  as  a  favenrite  actor;  and  com- 
plete master  of  his  profession.  His  principal  parts  were  Romeo, 
Stt  Andrew  Ague-cheek,  Harry  the  Fifth,  Cardinal  Wolsey,  Med- 
ley in  the  Man  of  Mode,  or  the  Fop's  Fortune,  and  Sir  Joslin  Jolly 
in  She  Won'd  if  She  Cou*d.  He  ekher  died,  or  left  the  stage,  some 
years  before  the  union  of  the  king^  and  Duke  of  York's  company, 
&r  Qo  mention  of  his  name  a^ears  in  aay  ^mnatist  persona  of  a 
new  play  after  the  year  1676« 


CLASS    XL 


LADIES,  kc. 

IJUTCHESSBS. 

JANE,  dutchesa  of  Norfoll^,  wife  ta  Henry,  duke  of 
^^orfolk,  earl-m^rshal  of  England.  Lelyif.  1677;  Rich. 
Collin  J  chalcogr.  regUy  ^c,  1681 ;  sh. 

This  lady,  who  was  a  great  beauty,  was  daughter  of  Robert 
^ickerton,f  gentleman  of  the  winO'Cellar  to  Charles  II.  and  second 
^ife  to  Henry,  duke  of  Norfolk..  She  ^lar^iecl  tp  her  second  husr 
kand  Colonel  Thomas  Maxwell,  of  an  ancient  fttmity  in  Scotland,! 
^bo  became  afterward  major-general  of  the  army,  and  commander 
^Ijlij^. 4?ragoons  i^i.lBel^. 


*  James  Bickerton,  his  father,  was  lord  of  Cash,  in  Scotland, 
t  Wood's 'SFast^'^tt.  coU  17& 


352 


BIOGRAPHICAL     HISTORY 


"  SARA,    illustrissima    ducissa    Somersetenaia,  ei 

gente  Alstoniana,  in  agro  Bedfordlensi :  T.  M.  Q.  F. 

M.  S.  P. 

SarEE,  illustpIssimEB  nuper  Ducissae  Somersetensis, 

Sempiterna  in  Pauperes  Benignitate  celeberrims. 

QuEe 

Puerorum  Ergo, 

Scholam  Gramtnatices  apud  Tottenham,  in  Com.  Mid.  inslitoil- 

Proventum  Veridi-tog^torum  Westm,  lOQge  adaniit. 

Ad  Juvenes  Spei  optimse  in  Fietate  et  Literis  pronioTendos, 

Collegia 

^nei  Nasi  Oxon. 

Et  D.  Johan.  Cantab. 

in  perpetuum  ditavit. 

Nee  non  alios  Meclianicis  Artibus  aptandos  curaTit. 

Senectutis  studiosa, 

Hospitium  extrui  etdotari  fecit, 

in  Subsidium  triglnta  Viduarum, 

apud  Froxfield,  in  Comit.  Wilton. 

Egenis  de  Paroch.  D.  Marg.  Westm. 

unde  melius  alereutur, 

Vectigal  perenne  constitmt, 

Nonnullas  insuper  Ecclesias 

Ornamentis  permagnificis 

splendide  decora vit. 

Obiit  VIII.  Kal.  Nov. 

1692." 

G.  Vertuesc.  1736;  large  h.  sh. 

The  plate  whence  this  print  was  taken  is  iu  the  cusldi 
of  the  ?naster  of  St.  John's  College,  in  Cambridge. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  this  dutchess  of  Somerset,  by  Sir  Peter  I^lli 
in  the  library  of  the  same  college. 


-  OF   ENGLAND.  353 

The  Dutchess  of  Somerset.  Leljfp.Vandervaartf. 
I.  sh.  mezz. 

These  is  a  mezzotinto  print  of  a  young  lady  of  about  seven  years 
»f  age,  inscribed  "  The. Dutchess  of  Somerset."  It  is  done  after  a 
tainting  of  Sir  Peter  Lely,  and  was  sold  by  Alexander  Browne. 
2u.  if  the  above  lady,  when  a  child,  or  the  Lady  Elizabeth  Percy, 
^ho  was  first  married  to  Henry  Cavendish,  earl  of  Ogle,  next  was 
claimed  in  marriage  by  Thomas  Thynne,  esq.  and  lastly  married  to 
I^harles  Seymour,  duke  of  Somerset.  It  is  most  probable  that  it 
s  the  portrait  of  the  latter,  as  she  was  certamly  married  to  the 
luke  in  this  reign.*  But  if  it  represents  either  of  these  ladies,  the 
nscription  is  equally  improper. 

FRANCES,  dutchess  of  Richmond,  &c.  R.  Robin- 
son  inv^.  (del.)  etf.  large  h.  shi  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Richmond.  Wissing  p.  R.  Wil- 
liamsf.  4to.  mezz. 

Frances,  dutchess  of  Richmond.  J.  V.  S.  (John 
Van  Somer)/.  Lloyd  exc.  4to.  mezz. 

Frances  Theresa,  dutchess  of  Richmond.  H. 
Gascar  p.  whole  lengthy  in  the  character  of  Pallas ; 
scarce. 

Frances  Stuart,  dutchess  of  Richmond;  whole 
length;  mezz. 

Frances  Stuart,  dutchess  of  Richmond.  Lelj/; 
T.  Watson ;  mezz.  from  the  original  in  the  gallery  at 
Windsor. 

Frances  Stuart,  dutchess  of  Richmond.  Charles 
Rivers  sculp,  from  the  painting  at  Kensington  Palace. 

*  See  the  Dedication  to  Elizabeth,  dutchesi  of  Somerset,  before  Bankt'f  "  Vir- 
tue Betrayed,  or  Anne  Bollen ;"  1682 ;  4to. 
VOL.  V.  2  z 


364  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

Miss  SrEtTART,  dutchess  of  Rkhmond.  W.  N. 
Gardiner  f.  from  the  original  by  Sir  P.  Ldy  at  Hag- 
ley  Park;  in  Grammonfs  ^^  Memoirs,''  1809,  8vo. 

Her  portrait  is  among  the  beauties  at  Windsor^  and  her  effigy  in 
wax  is  preserved  in  Westminster  Abbey. 

The  t)utchess  of  Richmond,  who  is  better  known  by  the  name  of 
Mrs.  Stuart,  was  a  daughter  of  Captain  Walter  Stuart^  son  of  Lord 
Blantyre,  a  Scottish  nobleman.  She  was  perhaps  the  finest  figtu^ 
that  ever  appeared  in  the  court  of  Charles  II.  Such  were  the  at- 
tractives  of  her  person,  -that,  even  in  the  presence  of  Lady  Castle- 
insune,  she  drew  upon  her  the  eyes  of  every  beholder.  It  was  sup* 
posed  that  Charles  would  have  divorced  his  queen,  and  raised  ber 
to  the  throne :  certain  it  is  that  she  made  the  deepest  impression 
upon  the  heart  of  that  monarch ;  and  his  passion  for  her  was  daily 
increasing  when  she  murried  the  Duke  of  Bichmotid.  All  the  ragt 
of  a  disappointed  lover  fell  upon  the  duke,  his  consort,  and  the  Earl 
of  Clarendon,  who  was  supposed  to  be  Instrumental  to  the  match. 
Her  wit  was  so  far  from  being  extraordinary,  that  it  stood  in  need 
of  all  her  beauty  to  recommend  it.  See  more  of  her  in  Lord  Cla- 
rendon*s  *'  Continuation  of  the  Account  of  his  own  Life.''  There  is 
a  good  deal  of  her  secret  history  in  the  **  Memoires  de  Grammont/' 
written  by  Count  Hamilton.* 

*  Lee  has  dedicated  bis  '*  Theodosias''  to  ber,  and  has  complimented  ber  beauty  in 
roucb  tbe  same  strain  as  he  has  characterized  the  courage  of  Alexander  the  Great 
"  To  behofd  you,  says  he,  is  to  make  prophets  quite  forget  their  heaven,  and  bind 
the  poets  with  eternal  rapture." — Philip  Kotier,  one  of  the  engravers  of  medall  to 
Charles  II.  is  supposed,  by  Mr.  Waipole,  to  have  been  tbe  person,  "  who  being  iu 
love  with  the  fair  Mrs.  Stuart,  afterward  dutcbess  of  Richmond,  represented  bet- 
likeness,  under  the  form  of  a  Britannia,  on  tbe  reverse  of  a  large  medal,  with  ilie 

king's  head."t  The  medal,  engraved  by  Vertue,  is  in  Fenton*s  edition  of  Walkf^* 
*'  Poems."  The  following  epigram  upon  it  was  written  by  that  poet :  the  observa- 
tions annexed  are  by  the  ingenious  editor. 

Our  guard  upon  the  royal  side ! 
On  the  reverse^iir  beauty's  pride ! 
Here  we  discern  the  frown  and  smile ; 
The  force  and  glory  of  our  isle. 
In  the  rich  medal,  both  io  like 
Immortals  stand,  it  seems  antique ; 


t  Sec  "  Anec.  of  Painting,*'  ii.  p.  94.    Sec  also  Evelyn's  "  Numismala,"  p.  97, 
28.  13f . 


jiey^uUefjc'dfOiLicma.  HC 
(vn  7 


^rU  ij-Wr&*tiuu4fm  J»h  l^ifloiM*^'"'  il°  W  SC»«^, 


IH 


OF  ENGLAND.  355 

MARY,  dutchess  of  Buckingham.  S.  Cooper  p. 
Worlidgef.  a  small  oval.  From  an  original  picture  at 
Strawberry 'hill. 

Ma EY,  dutchess  of  Buckingham.  Claussin  fecit ;  in 
Harding's '' Grammont  r  ^to.  1793. 

Mary,  sole  daughter  and  heiress  of  Thomas,  lord  Fairfax,  and 
wife  of  George  VillierSy  duke  of  Buckingham,  was  a  woman  of  little 
or  no  beauty,*  but  of  great  virtue  and  piety.  The  duke,  who  seemed 
to  b^^U  ma»kind*s  epitome,  well  knew  how  to  assume  at  leasts  the 
character  of  an  affectionate  husband ;  and  loved  her,  very  probably 
in  her  turn,  as  she  was  a  complying  and  contented  wife.  A  man 
who  could  equally  adapt  himself  to  the  presbyterian  Fairfax  and 
the  irreligious  Charles,  could  with  great  ease,  become  a  civil  and 
obliging  husband  to  a  woman  who  was  never  disposed  to  check  the 
carrent  of  his  humour,  or  correct  the  eccentricity  of  his  course.  She 
4ied  in  1705,  in  the  66th  year  of  her  age. 

ANNE,  dutchess  of  Albemarle ;  sold  by  R.  Gam-' 
man  ;  h.  sh. 


Cmnr'd  by  some  master,  when  the  bold 
Greeks  made  their  Jove  descend  hi  gold ; 
And  Danae,  wond'ring  at  that  show'r. 
Which  falling  storra'd  her  braaen  tow'r. 
hritannia  there,  the  fort  in  vain 
Had  battered  been  wilh  golden  min  :t 
Thonder  itself  had  fail'd  to  pass ; 
Virtue's  a  stronger  gnard  than  brass. 

**  Roti  (Rotier),  the  celebrated  graver  to  Charles  II.  was  so  passionate  an  admirer 
of  tlie  beautiful  Mrs.  Stuart,  afterward  dutchess  of  Ridimoiid,  that,  on  the  reverse 
of  ihe  best  of  our  coin,  he  delineated  the  face  of  Britannia  from  lier  picture.  And 
in  aonie  medals,  where  he  had  more  room  to  display  both  his  art  and  affection,  the 
•Imilitude  of  feature  is  said  to  have  been  so  exact,  that  every  one  who  knew  her  grace 
could,  at  the  Brst  view,  discover  who  sat  for  Britannia." 

*  Her  person  is  said  to  have  been  low  and  fat.  See  Ives's  **  Select  Papers,"  p.  40. 


t  That  is,  had  the  lady,  who  appears  in  the  character  of  Britannia  on  the  medal, 
been  in  DaiiJie's  place,  Jove's  attempt  upon  her  had  been  in  vain,  as  was  Charles's 
ou  Mrs.  Stuart    Sec  Burnet,  i.  ^51,  &c.  Clarendon's  "  Continuation,"  p.  338. 


356  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

Anne,  dutchess  of  Albemarle ;  standing  hand  in 
hand  with  the  duke ;  sold, by  Stent;  very  bad. 

Anne,  dutchess  of  Albemarle ;  m  an  oval  ofjoliagt. 
W.  Richardson. 

Anne  Clarges,  dutchess  of  Albemarle,  was  the  daughter  of  a 
blacksmith,*  -who  gave  her  an  education  suitable  to  the  employment 
she  was  bred  to,  which  was  that  of  a  milliner.  As  the  manners  are 
generally  formed  early  in  life,  she  retained  something  of  the  smith's 
daughter,  even  at  her  highest  elevation.  She  was  first  the  mistress, 
and  afterward  the  wife,  of  General  Mohck ;  who  had  such  an  opi- 
nion of  her  understanding,  that  he  often  consulted  her  in  the  great- 
est emergencies.  As  she  was  a  thorough  royalist,  it  is  probable  tbat 
she  had  no  inconsiderable  share  in  the  restoration. .  She  is  sup- 
posed to  have  recommended  several  of  the  privy-counsellors  in  the 
list  which  the  general  presented  to  the  king  soon  after  his  landing. 
It  is  more  than  probable  that  she  carried  on  a  very  lucrative  trade 
in  selling  of  offices,  which  were  generally  filled  by  such  as  gave-her 
most  money.f  She  was  an  implacable  enemy  to  Lord  Clarendon ; 
and  had  so  great  an  influence  over  .her  husband  as  to  prevail  vith 
him  to  help  ruin  that  excellent  man,  though  he  was  one  of  his  best 
friends.  Indeed  the  general  was  afraid  to  offend  her,  as  she  pre- 
sently took  fire ;  and  her  anger  knew  no  bounds.  She  was  a  great 
mistress  of  all  the  low  eloquence  of  abusive  rage,  and  seldom  failed 
to  discharge  a  volley  of  curses  against  such  as  thoroughly  provoked 
her.J  Nothing  is  more  certain,  than  that  the  intrepid  commander, 
who  was  never  afraid  of  bullets,  was  often  terrified  by  the  fury  of  his 
wife. 

*  The  following  quotation  is  from  a  manuscript  of  Mr.  Aubrey,  in  Ashmole's  Mu- 
seum :  "  When  he  (Monk)  was  prisoner  in  the  Tower,  his  sempstress,  Nan  Ciarges, 
a  blacksmith's  daughter,  was  kind  to  him  in  a  double  capacity.  It  must  be  remem- 
bered that  he  was  then  in  want,  and  that  she  assisted  him.  Here  she  was  got  with 
child.  She  was  not  at  all  handsome,  nor  cleanly :  her  mother  was  one  of  the  five 
women  barbers,  and  a  woman  of  ill  fame.  A  ballad  was  made  on  her  and  the  other 
four :  the  burden  of  it  was, 

♦*  Did  you  ever  hear  the  like, 
Or  ever  hear  the  fame. 
Of  five  women  barbers. 
That  lived  in  Drury-lane." 

t  See  the  "  Continuation  of  Lord  Clarendon's  Life,"  p.  46. 

♦  Vide  tlie  "  Contin.  of  Lord  Clarendon's  Life,"  p.  621. 


OP   ENGLAND.  3B^i 

ELIZABETH,  dutchess  of  Albemarle.   Sherwiri  f. 
h,  sh.  mezz.    Extremely  scarce. 

Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Lord  Ogle,  was  married  to  Christopher, 
son  and  heir  to  George,  duke  of  Albemarle,  when  he  was  only 
sixteen  years  of  age.  Christopher,  in  the  year  1670,  succeeded 
his  father  in  title  and  estate.  The  wayward  and  peevish  temper  of 
his  dutchess  made  him  frequently  think  a  bottle  a  much  more 
desirable  companion.  She  espoused  to  her'second  husband,  Ralph, 
lord  Montagu,*  who,  in  1705,  was  created  lord  Monthermer  and 
duke  of  Montagu .f  She  survived  him  many  years,  and  died  of 
mere  old  age,  the  28th  of  August,  17  38,  leaving  no  issue  by  either 
of  her  husbands. 

ANNE,  dutchess  of  Monmouth ;  inscribed  *^  Ca- 
tharina  Demodemaj'  S^c.  Lely p.  Shenckf.  h. sh.  mezz. 

*  As  this  great  lady  had  an  immense  estate  from  her  noble  ancestors,  she  was 
determined,  after  the  Dake  of  Albemarle's  death,  to  give  her  hand  to  nobody  but 
a  sovereign  prince.  Lord  Montagu  therefore  courted,  and  married  her,  as  emperor 
of  China.  This,  story  was  brought  on  the  stage  in  the  comedy  of  ther<5  Double 
Gallant,  or  sick  Lady's  Cure;"  written  by  Colley  Cibber.  Her  grace,  who  lived 
for  some  time  at  Montagu-house,  and  died  in  Clerkenwell,  was,  as  may  well  be 
SDpposed,  disordered  in  her  head,  and  saw  ho  company;  but,  to  her  death,  was 
constantly  served  on  the  knee  as  a  sovereign.  As  the  duke,X  her  second  husband, 
confined  her,  be  was  obliged  by  her  relations  to  produce  her  in  open  court,*  to  as- 
certain that  she  was  alive.  Soon -after  her  death,  which  was  in  a  very  advanced 
age,  the  savings  of  her  estate,  after  an  allowance  of  3,000/.  a  year  for  the  main- 
tenance of  her  rankt  were  divided  among  her  own  relations.  I  shall  add  to  this 
note,  which  I  owe  to  Mr.  Horace  Walpole,  that  Richard,  lord  Ross,  a  man  of  wit, 
humour,  and  frolic,  who  affected  to  imitate  the  Earl  of  Rochester,  was  rival  to  Lorti 
Montagu,  He  is  said  to  have  written  the  following  verses  upon  his  marriage  willi 
the.  Dutchess  of  Albemarle. 

Insalting  rival,  never  boast 

Thy  conquest. lately  won ; 
No  wonder  if  her  heart  was  lost : 

Her  senses  first  were  gone. 
From  one  that's  under  bedlam's  laws 

What  glory  can  be  had? 
For  love  of  thee  was  not  the  cause ; 

It  proves  that  she  was  mad. 

t  It  was  this  duke,  who,  when  tlie  Duke  of  Marlborough,  in  high  terms,  com- 
mended the  excellency  of  his  water-works  at  Boughton,  replied  with  great  quickness : 
But  U.ey  are  by  no  means  comparable  to  your  giace* sJire-tDorks. 

X  See  the  sequel  of  the  above  article.   * 


368  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

The  Dutchess  of  Monmouth.  KneUer  F^  Banc, 
folio. 

The  Dutchess  of  Monmouth.   A.  Browne  ere. 

The  Dutchess  of  Monmouth.  Wimng;  R.  Wil- 
liams; Ato.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Monmouth.  Kneller  p.  J.  Van- 
dervaart  f.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Monmouth.  E.  Cooper  exc.  4to. 
mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Monmouth.  J.  Smith  f.  4to. 
mezz. 

Anna,  ducissa  de  Monmouth.    Van  Hove  sc. 

Anne,  dutchess  of  Monmouth ;  a  small  head. 
D.  L.  (David  Loggan.) 

At  Dalkeith-house,  the  seat  of  the  Duke  of  Buccleugh,  in  Scot- 
land,^ ^e  portraits  of  the  Dutchess  of  Monmouth  and  her  two  sons. 

The  Dutchess  of  Monmouth,  who  was  allied  to  all  the  prime 
nobility  of  Scotland,  was,  for  her  agreeable  person  and  behaviour, 
good  sense,  and  irreproachable  character,  one  of  the  most  amiable 
and  valuable  ladies  about  the  court.  During  the  first  years  of  her 
marriage,  she  seems  to  have  been  as  happy  and  as  much  envied  as 
any  woman  in  the  kingdom.  But  this  happiiiess  was  of  short  du- 
ration. She  was  unfortunately  supplanted  in  the  duke's  affection 
by  the  Lady  Harriot  Wentworth,*  whose  personal  charms  were 
superior  to  her  own.  His  attachment  to  this  lady  was  uninter- 
rupted ;  it  continued  even  to  the  block.f    The  dutchess  did  not 


*  Only  daughter  and  heiress  of  the  Earl  of  Clereland. 

t  See  Echard's  "History  of  England;"  or  see  rather,  "A  Letter  from  Dr* 
'WilHam  Uoyd,  Bishop  of  St<  Asaph,  to  Bishop  Fell ;  concerning  the  exccotion, 
and  last  behaviour  of  the  Duke  of  Monmouth/'  in  the  Appendix  to  the  Preface  to 
**  Waiter  Hemmingford,"  published  by  Hearnc,  Num.  XIII.  which  letter  was  tlie 
rery  MS.  made  use  of  by  Echard. 


OF  ENGLAND.  359 

kmg  contbae  a  dowager:  in  1688  she  espouted  Char  let,  lord 
Cornwallis.  She  had  issue  by  both  her  marriages.  Mr.  Gay,  the 
poet,  was  some  time  secretary,  or  domestic  steward,  to  her  grace. 
Ob.  1732. 

BARBARA,   countess  of  Casdemaine   (afterward 
dutchess  of  Cleveland).  Faithornef.  large  h.  sh. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland,  (or Cleveland;) 
Lely p.  Brown-'-whole  length;  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.   Lely  p.  Pearls  in 
ier  hair. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.   Lely  p.  R.  Tontp- 
rcn  e.vc.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.  Lely  p.    Befiket 
2j?c.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.  Lely  p.    BeckHf. 
Uo.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.   Lely  p.   Beckdtf. 
3vo.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.   Lely  p.  Smith  esc. 
whole  lengthy  sitting  ;  large  h.  sh. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.   Ldy  p.   E.  Lut^ 
terelf.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.    Wissing  p.    R. 
Williams  f.  4to.  mezz. 

The  Dutchesa  of  Cleaveland*  Kndkrp.  Becketf. 
Ato.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.  KneUerp^  Sfnithf. 
Uo.  mezz. 


360  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

•      •  •  . 

Barbara^  dutchess  of  Cleaveland.  Overton  (veu" 
didit)  Ato. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland.  Schenck  f.  4to. 
mezz.  playing  on  the  violoncello. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleaveland;  represented  as  a 
shepherdess.    Sher win  so.  large  h.  sh. 

. Varium  et  mutabile  semper 

Fsemina  Virg. 

—  Here  in  ennin*d  pride, 
_  And  there  Fastora  by  a  fountain  side.     .  Pope. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleveland  ;  mezz.  P.  Lely; 
Allard.. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleveland,  when  Countess  of 
Casliemaine;  whole  lengthy  sitting.  Lely,  1667.  W. 
Faithornej  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of.  Cleveland.^  mezz.  P.  Lely;  T» 
Watson. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleveland.  Lely  ;  Van  Berghe; 
in  Harding's  ^^  Grammont ;''  4to.  1793. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleveland.  E.  Bocquet  sc.  In 
''Grammontr  ^vo.  1809. 

Her  portrait,  in  the  character  of  Pallas,  is  in  the  Gallery  of 
Beauties  at  .Windsor.    . 

At  Dalkeith4iouse,  she  is  represented  as  a  Madonna  with  her 
infant  son.  It  is  said  that  her  grace  sent  such  a  picture  to  a 
female  convent .  in  France,  as  an  altar-piece ; .  but  that  the  nuns, 
discovering  whose  portrait  it  was,  sent  it  back' with  indignation. 

The  Dutchess  of  Cleveland,  and  my  Lady 
Barbara*  her  daughter.    H.  Gaspar  p.  rare. 

*  Barbara,  who  was  the  youngest  daughter  of  the  Dutchess  of  Cleveland,  w«5 
bom  July  16, 1672.    She  became  a  nun,  at  Pontoise,  in  France. 


OF  ENGLAND.  361 


Tbe  origiadl  pictore  was  ia  the  possession  of  Loid  Dscre:  it  be- 
longed to  his  grandmother,  Anne,  coontess  of  Sussex,  who  was 
her  danghter. 

Barbara  Villiers,  dutdiess  of  Cleveland^  was  sole  danghti^  and  Crr*tc 
heir  of  William,  Tiscoont  Grandisoa,  aad  wife  to  Roger  Pahnn, 
esq.  afterward  created  eail  of  CasUemaine.     Her  person  was  to 
tbe  last  degree  beantifol;  but  she  was,  in  the  same  degree,  rapa- 
cions,  prodigal,  and  rereng^fal.     She  had,  for  a  considerable  time, 
a  great,  and  no  less  dangerons  influence  OTer  the  king;  as  no 
woman  of  her  age  was  more  likely  to  beggar,  or  embroil  a  kingdom. 
She  was  the  most  inyeterate  enemy  of  the  Earl  of  Clarendon,  who 
thought  it  an  indignity  to  his  character  to  shew  common  civiUties, 
much  more  to  pay  his  court,  to  the  mistress  of  the  greatest  mo- 
narch upon  earth.*    It  was  impossible  that  the  king  could  be  an 
absolute  stranger  to  her  intrigues :  but  he  seems  to  have  had  as 
little  delicacy  with  regard  to  the  Tirtne  oi  his  mistresses,  as  his 
brother  was  observed  to  have  in  p<Mnt  of  bean^.    Though  her 
pride  was  great,  she  is  said  to  have  been  sometimes  humble  in  her 
funoors ;  and,  if  we  may,  believe  the  scandalous  chronicles  of  this 
reign,    she  could  descend  to  play-wrights,  players,   and    rope- 
dancers.    When  the  King's  affections  were  alienated  from  her,  he, 
to  pacify  her,  created  her  dutchess  of  Cleveland.  Ob.  1709.t  See 
Robert  Fielding,  esq.  Class  YIII. 

LOUISE,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth.  Lelyp.  Bioote- 
lingf.  1677  ;  Ato.  mezz. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth.   Lelyp.  G.  Vaick 
f.  1678;  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth.   Lely  p.  ^.  Le 
Davis  sc.  h.  sh. 

*  When  the  Earl  of  Clarendon  was  gping  iiroip  coort,  opon  his  Tesignation  of  the 
^at  seal^  the  Datcfaess  of  Clereland,  who  well  knew  him  to  be  her  enemy,  in- 
sulted him  from  a  window  of  the  palace^  He  turned  to  her,  and  said,  with  a  calm 
but  spirited  dignity,  Mtuiafli,  t^you  Kve,  you  u\\X  grow  o/d. 

t  Christian  Gryphius's  book,  "  De  Scriptoribus  Historiam  Seculi  XVII.  illus- 
tiantibus,"  lips.  1710,  8to.  361,  the  following  piece  is  mentionecl :  <*  Hattig^,  ou 
la  belle  Turque,  qui  contieni  ses  Amours  avec  .le  Roi  de  Tamaran  ;**  Cologne,  1676* 
12mo.  This,  if  the  author  may  b^  ciedited, , Is, the  seor^  history  of  tfete  amoori  ol 
Charles  II.  with  the  Dutchess  of  Cleveland. 

VOL.  Y.  3  A 


362  BIOSRAPHIGAL  HISTOHY 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portemouth.  Lely  p.  Tompson 
esc.  h.  sh. 

Louise,  dutchessof  Portsmouth.  Knellerp.  Becketf. 
whole  length  ;  large  h.  sh. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth,  &c.  Kneller  p. 
Smith  exc.  whole  length  ;  large  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Louise,  dutchessof  Portsmouth.  Knellerp.  Smithf. 
mezz.  h.  sh. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth.  H.  Gascar  p. 
A.  Baudet  sc.  She  is  holding  a  dove  ;  a  Cupid  is  at  her 
right  hand:  probably  her  son,  the  Duke  of  Richmmd^ 
in  that  character.* 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth;  mezz.  P.  Lely; 
Allard. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth  ;  whole  length,  N, 
Bonnart. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth;  mezz.  P. Lely; 
V.  Somer. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth;  whole  length. 
Trouvain ;  folio. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth ;  leaning  on  a  couch 
with  a  dog;  mezz.    Gascar;  scarce. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth;  in  an  oval;  neck- 
lace^ pearls  at  her  bosom^  8gc. 


*  The  portraits  of  (he  Datchess  of  Portsmouth,  and  her  son,  the  Duke  of  Kicb- 
niond,  were  drawn  6^^  Sir  Peter  Lely,  as  a  Madonna  and  child,  for  one  of  the  con- 
rents  in  France.    See  the  "  ^des  Walpolianx." 


OF  ENGLAND.  363 

Louise,  datchess  of  Portsmoath;  square;  Hipkd. 
S.P.Lefy;    T.S.Seed. 

Louise,  dutchess  of  Portsmouth;  mezz.  J.Mecket; 
small  oval. 

Her  portrait  is  at  DanhaiDy  the  seat  of  the  Earl  of  Stamford. 

There  is  aROther,  the  best  that  I  have  seeD,  at  Blenheim. 

Louise  de  Qaerouaille,  or  Qaeroville»^  datchess  of  Portsmouth, 
was  sent  over  to  England  by  Lewis  XIV.  in  the  train  of  the  i^o. 
Datchess  of  Orleans,  to  bind  Charles  IL  to  the  French  interest.  Created 
This  she  did  effectaally;  and  the  business  of  the  English  court  fi?i  ^' 
was  constantly  carried  on  with  a  subserviency  to  that  of  France. 
She  occasionally  dissembled  love,  the  vapours,  or  sickness;  and 
rarely  ever  failed  of  working  the  easy  monarch  to  her  point*  Her 
polite  manners  and  agreeable  temper  riveted  the  chains  which  her 
personal  charms  had  imposed  upon  him :  she  had  the  first  place  in 
his  affections,  and  he  continued  to  love  her  to  the  day  of  his  death. 
Her  beauty,  which  was  not  of  the  most  delicate,  kind,  seemed  to  be 
very  little  impaired  at  seventy  years  of  age.f  Ob.  Nov.  1734, 
^t»  89.  She  had  a  sister,  who  married  Philip,  earl  of  Pembroke, 
with  whom  she  lived  very  unhappily.  She  was  afterward  married 
to  the  Marquis  of  Tuoy,  and  died  at  Paris  in  a  very  advanced  age, 
1728. 

The  Dutchess  of  GRAFTON.  Wissingp.  Becketf. 
h*  sh,  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Grafton.    Wissing  p.  Smith  f. 
h.  shn  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Grafton.    W.  Vincent  /,  4to. 
mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Grafton;  1683.   /.  Verkolje  f. 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

^  Charles  II.  in  his  "  Mock  Speech,"  written  by  Marvel,  calls  her  Carwell,  by 
which  name  she  popularly  went.    See  Coke's  "  Detection,"  Ace.  ii.  p.  171. 
t  Voltaire,  «•  Siecle  de  Louis  XIV.**^ 


V 


364  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

The  Dutchess  of  Grafton;  me^z.^  Knelkr;  Becket. 

The  Dutchess  of  Graftok  ;  mezz.  Knelkr.   Taken 
from  the  original  at  Hampton-court. 

The  Dutchess  of  Grafton  ;  whole  length.  Knelkr; 
J3.  Lens. 

The  Dutchess  of  Grafton;  ?we^z.  Kneller;  Smith, 
1692. 

The  Dutchess  of  Grafton;  mezz.  Kneller;  i?. 
White  exc. 

Mrs.  French,  in  Swallow-street,  has  an  original  painting  of  her 
by  Wissing,  from  which  Smith  engraved  his  print.  Her  portraiti 
in  the  Gallery  of  Beauties  at  Hampton-court,  is  well  known. 

Isabella,  dutchess  of  Grafton,  was  sole  daughter  and  heir  of 
Henry  Bennet,  earl  of  Arlington.  In  1672,  she  married  Henry, 
earl  of  Euston,  afterward  duke  of  Grafton,  the  only  son  of  Charles 
II.  by  Barbara,  dutchess  of  Cleveland.  As  her  father's  honours 
descended  lo  her,  she  walked  in  the  coronation  procession  of 
George  I.  as  countess  of  Arlington  in  her  own  right.*  She  died 
the  7th  of  February,  1722-3. 

MARY,  dutchess  of  Beaufort,  daughter  to  Arthur, 
lord  Capel,  murdered  by  the  rebels  in  1648.  R.  Wal- 
ker p.    J.  Nutting  sc.  large  h.  sh. 

This  inscription  was  taken  verbatim  from  Ames's  '*  Catalogue  of 
English  Heads,"  p.  14.  I  have  seen  one  or  two  proofs  from  the 
same  plate,  in  which  she  is  styled  **  Dutchess-dowagerof  Beaufort:** 
it  is  certain  that  she  was  not  a  dowager  when  her  portrait  was 
painted,  as  Robert  Walker,  who  drew  it,  died  before  the  resto- 
ration, and  the  duke  her  husband,  did  not  die  till  the  year  1699. 

Mary  Capel  was  wife  to  Henry  Somerset,  duke  of  Beaufort,  who 
was  president  of  the  council,  in  the  principality  of  Wales,  in  this, 
and  the  succeeding  reign ;  and  a  lord  of  the  bed-chamber,  and 

•  "  Biog.  BriUn/Mi.  p.  riJ. 


OF  ENGLAND.  365 

one  of  the  privy  council  to  King  William.  She  had  two  sons  and 
three  daughters  hy  him,  of  whom  there  is  an  account  in  Collins*s 
"  Peerage." 

MARY  SACKVILLE,  dutchess  of  Beaufort;  with 
her  brother  Lionel,  duke  of  Dorset  Kneller ;  Smitkj 
1695. 

Mary  Sackville,  daughter  of  Charles,  earl  of  Dorset,  by  Lady 
Mary,  daughter  of  James,  earl  of  Northampton,  famed  for  her 
beauty,  and  admirable  endowments,  married  Henry  Somerset, 
second  duke  of  Beaufort,  in  1702;  died  in  child-bed,  1705. 


COUNTESSES. 

The  Countess  of  ARUNDEL.  Lely  p.  R.  W.  (Ro- 
bert White)  fi  Ato.  mezz. 

This,  and  the  head  of  Dr.  Briggs,  are  the  only  mezzotintos  done 
by  Robert  White. 

ELIZABETH  STUART,  countess  of  Arundel; 
with  Alathea  Talbot;  2  ovals;  by  Hollar ;  scarce. 

This  lady  was  the  eldest  daughter  of  Esme,  duke  of  Lenox,  and 
wife  of  Henry  Frederic  Howard,  earl  of  Arundel.  Thomas,  earl  of 
Amndel,  his  father,  was  imprisoned  for  marrying  him  to  her  against 
the  consent  of  the  king,  who  had  designed  her  for  Lord  Lome.* 

ELIZABETH,  countess  of  Northumberland.  Lely  p. 
Browne;  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Elizabeth,  countess  of  Northumberland ;  with  an 
orange-tree.    Lely  p.  Browne;  h.sh.  mezz. 

Elizabeth,  countess  of  Northumberland.  Lely  p. 
Becket  f.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

*  From  the  information  of  Mr.  Walpolc. 


366  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

Elizabeth,  countess  of  Northumberland;  mezz, 
S.  P.  Ldy;  T.  Watson  sc.  In  the  gallery  of  Windsor. 

There  was  a  portrait  of  her  at  Bulstrode. 

Elizabeth  Wriothes^ley,  daughter  to  Thomas^  earl  of  Southampton, 
lord  high-treasurer  of  England,  and  wife  to  Josceline  Percy,  the 
last  earl  of  Northumberland  of  that  name.  She  was  mother  to 
Elizabeth,  dutchess  of  Somerset,  already  mentioned  in  this  class. 

The  Countess  of  EXETER.  P.  Lely  p.  R.  Tomjh 
son  exc.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Frances,  daughter  to  John,  earl  of  Rutland,  and  wife  to  the 
first  earl  of  Exeter  of  the  name  of  John.  Her  son,  John,  lord 
Burghley,  who,  upon  the  death  of  his  father,  became  earl  of  Ex- 
eter, married  Anne,  only  daughter  of  William,  the  third  earl  of 
Devonshire,  and  widow  of  Charles,  lord  Rich,  son  of  Charles,  earl 
of  Warwick.  This  lady  was  remarkable  for  travelling  twice  to 
Rome,  with  her  husband.     Ob.  1660. 


MARY,  countess-dowager  of  Warwick;    JSf.  53, 
Mary  Boyle,  countess  of  Warwick.    Harding. 

Mary,  countess  of  Warwick,  was  the  thirteenth  of  the  fifteenth 
children  that  the  Great  Earl  of  Cork,  founder  of  the  illustrious 
house  of  Boyle,  had  by  his  second  lady,  the  daughter  of  Sir  Geof- 
fry  Fenton.  She  was  married  to  Charles,  earl  of  Warwick,  whom 
she  survived  about  five  years.  She  was  so  eminent  for  her  bounty 
to  the  poor,  that  the  earl,  her  husband,  was  said  to  haxe  left  his 
estate  to  charitable  uses.  Such  was  the  fame  of  her  charity  and 
hospitality,  that  it  advanced  the  rent  of  the  houses  in  her  neigh- 
bourhood, where  she  was  the  common  arbitress  of  controversies, 
which  she  decided  with  great  sagacity  and  judgment,  and  prevented 
many  tedious  and  expensive  law-suits.  The  earl,  her  husband, 
alluding  to  her  economy,  as  well  as  her  other  excellences^  de- 
clared, that  *'  he  had  rather  have  her  with  five  thousand  pounds, 
than  any  other  woman  with  twenty  thousand.."     She  died  the  12th 


OF  ENGLAND.  367 

of  ^pril,  1678.  See  more  of  her  in  the  following  sermon;  to  which 
her  portrait  is  prefixed.  ""ETPHKA  •'ETPHKA,  The  virtuous 
Woman  found,  her  Loss  bewailed,  and  Character  exemplified,  in 
a  Sermon  preached  at  Felsted,  in  Essex,  April  30,  1678,  at  the 
Funeral  of  that  most  excellent  Lady,  the  Right  Honourable,  and 
eminently  religious  and  charitable,  Mary,  countess-dowager  of 
Warwick,  the  most  illustrious  Pattern  of  sincere  Piety  and  solid 
Goodness  this  Age  hath  produced;  with  so  large  Additions  as  may 
be  styled  the  Life  of  that  noble  Lady:  by  A.  Walker,  D.  D.  Rector 
of  Fyfield.  To  which  are  annexed  some  of  her  Ladyship's  pious 
and  useful  Meditations;"  8?o. 

ANNE,  countess  of  Sunderland ;  from  an  original 
painting  by  Sir  Peter  Lely,  in  the  gallery  at  Althorp  ; 
C.  Picart  so*  8vo. 

Anne,  countess  of  Sunderland,  was  the  second  and  youngest 
daughter  of  George  Digby,  earl  of  Bristol,  knight  of  the  Garter,  by 
Anne  his  wife,  daughter  of  Francis  Russell,  earl  of  Bedford,  sister 
and  at  length  heir  to  John  Digby,  earF  of  Bristol,  who  died  in 
1698,  without  issue.  She  was  a  lady  distinguished  for  her  refined 
sense,  wit,  and  every  shining  quality.  By  Lord  Sunderland  his 
bdy  had  issue  three  sons,  and  four  daughters. 

1.  Robert,  lord  Spencer,  bom   in  1664,  who  was  in  August 
^687,  sent  to  Italy ^^  .envoy  extraordinary  to  his  Highness  the  Duke 
of  Modena,  to  make  the  compliments  of  condolence  in  their  ma- 
jesties' names,  on  the  death  of  the  Dutchess  of  Modena,  the  queen's 
Mother;  and  on  his  return,, died  at  Paris,  the  5th  September,  1688. 

2.  Charles,  earl  of  Sunderland ;  3.  Henry,  who  died  within  an 
hour  after  he  was  baptized. 

Lady  Anne,  eldest  daughter,  bom  June  24,  1666,  at  Chiswick, 
>irho  was  the  first  wife  of  James,  earl  of  Arran,  of  the  kingdom  of 
Scotland,  after  duke  Hamilton,  and  duke  of  Brandon ;  and  died 
in  1690. 

Lady  Elizabeth,  married  October  30,1684,  to  Donagh  Maccarty, 
earl  of  Clincarty,  of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland. 

Lady  Isabella,  who  died  unmarried  in  1684 ;  and  Lady  Mary, 
who  died  aged  five  years. 

Lady  Sunderland  survived  Lord  Sunderland  thirteen  years,  and 
^ed  April  16th,  1715,  and  on  the  26th  of  the  same  month  was 
buried  by  him  at  Brinton,  in  Northaipptonshire. 


368  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

The  Countess  of  STAMFORD.    Lety  p.  R.Tmp- 
son  esc.  4to.  mezz.  ' 

The  Countess  of  Stamford.  Wising  p.  Becketf, 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

This  lady  was  daughter  of  Sir  Daniel  Harrey  of  Combe,  in 
Surrey,  and  first  wife  of  Thomas  Grey,  the  second  earl  of  Stam- 
ford. As  I  have  but  one  of  these  prints  before  me,  I  am  in  some 
doubt  whether  the  former  does  not  represent  Lady  Anne  Cecil,* 
the  first  countess  of  Stamford.  I  am  assured  thather.  portraitlij 
Lely  is  at  Dunham. 

ELIZABETH  BUTLER,  countess  of  Chesterfdd. 
Lely  p.  Browne;  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Elizabeth  Butler,  countess  of  Chesterfield; 
mezz.  Sir  P.  Lely  ;  J.  Becket. 

Her  portrait  was  at  the  late  Sir  Andrew  Fountaine's,  at  Narford, 

Norfolk.t 

Elizabeth  Butler  was  eldest  daughter  of  James,  duke  of  Ormond, 
and  second  wife  to  Philip  Stanhope,  earl  of  Chesterfield. — It  bas 
been  observed  that  a  man  could  not  turn  round  without  being 
struck  with  beauties  in  the  court  of  Charles  II.  The  Countess  of 
Chesterfield  was  one  of  the  most  striking  in  the  circle.  Her  bus- 
band  did  not  know  what  a  treasure  he  had  in  his  possession,  and 
treated  her,  at  first,  with  disregard :  but  when  every  body  else 
admired  her,  he  became  her  admirer  too,  and  was  sufficiently 
slighted  in  his  turn.  He  rightly  concluded,  that  when  the  eyes  of 
all  the  world  were  turned  upon  her,  there  were  among  them  the 
eyes  of  some  lovers.  This  naturally  excited  his  jealousy,  and  be 
appears  to  have  felt  the  most  unhappy  part  of  the  passion  of  love 
in  a  more  exquisite  degree  than  any  other.  His  suspicion  partico- 
larly  fell  upon  the  Duke  of  York,  who,  it  seems  was  not  insensible 
of  her  charms,  and  was  far  from  being  the  most  cautious  of  men 

in  the  conduct  of  his  amours.     The  name  of  Lady  Ch d  often 

occurs  in  the  "  Memoires  de  Grammont.'* 


*  Daughter  and  coheir  to  William,  earl  of  Exeter, 
t  At  the  same  place  is  a  portrait  of  Lady  Sootfaeak. 


OF    ENGLAND.  -369 

The  Countess-dowager  of  ESSEX ;  in  moui^mngj 
with  her  son  mid  daughter  ;  the  latter  holds  a  garland 
of  flowers :  without  inscription;  large  h.  sh.  mezz. 

The  original  picture  is  at  Cashiobury,  near  Watford. 

4 

Elizabeth,  countess  of  Essex.    Hall. 

Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Algernon,  earl  of  Northumberland,  widow  igss. 
of  Arthur  Capel,  earl  of  Essex,  who  died  in  the  Tower;  with  her 
son,  Algernon,  earl  of  Essex;  and  her  daughter,  who.  afterward 
married  Charles  Howard,  earl  of  Carlisle.  The  Countess  of  Essex 
had  another  daughter,  who,  to  her  inexpressible  grief,  died  in  her 
childhood.  Sir  William  Temple's  letter  to  her,  upon  this  occasion, 
is  entitled  to  the  same  rank  among  modern  compositions,  that  the 
admired  book  of  "  Consolation,"  which  has  been  attributed  to 
Cicero,  retains  among  the  ancient.* 

ANNE  (CATHARiNEt),  countess  of  Chesterfield. 
Vandyck  p.  1636.    P.  Van  Gunst  sc\  large  h.sh. 

The  original,  which  was  in  the  Wharton  collection,  is  at  Hough- 
ton. 

Catharine,  daughter  of  Thomas,  lord  Wotton,  and  widow  of 
Henry,  lord  Stanhope,  who  died  before  his  father,  the  earl  of  Ches- 
terfield. She  had  been  governess  to  Mary,  princess  of  Orange ; 
and  was,  after  the  restoration,  made  countess  of  Chesterfield  for  Created 
life.  She  maiTied  to  her  second  husband  John  Poliander  Kir-  S9  Ma^ 
koven,  lord  of  Helmfieet,  inHolland4  Ob.  9  April,  1677.  Though 
Vandyck  was  in  love  with  this  lady,  he  is  said  to  have  been  so 
ungaliant  as  to  dispute  with  her  about  the  price  of  the  picture  from 
which  the  print  was  engraved. § 

The  LADY  ARLINGTON.  P.  Lely  p.h.sh.mezz. 


*  It  is  entitled,  **  Consolatio }  Liber  quo  seipsuin  de  Fills  Morte  consolatus  est.*' 
See  it  among  Lipsius's  "  Critical  Works." 

t  See  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting,"  ii*  p.  113,  notes. 

X  Her  third  husband  was  Daniel  Onealo,  esq.  of  the  bed-cbiitnber  to  Charles  II. 

^  **  Anecdotes  of  Painting/'  ubi  supra. 

VOL.  V.  3   B 


370  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

This  prints  with  some  aUerationSy  has  been  inscribed 
"  Catiiarine  Queen  Dowager." 

Isabella  of  Nassau,  daughter  of  Lord  Beverweert,  a  natural  son 
of  the  famous  Prince  Maurice,  and  wife  to  Henry  Bennet,  earl  of 
Arlington.  She  was  sister  to  Lady  Emilia  Nassau,  countess  of 
Ossory,  and  mother  of  the  Dutchess  of  Grafton.  Ob.  18  Jan. 
1718,iEt.  87. 

HENRIETTA  BOYLE,  countess  of  Rochester. 
P.  Lelypimvit.     M^Ardell  sc.  mezz. 

Henrietta  Boyle,  countess  of  Rochester.  P. 
Lelt/  ;  J.  Watson  sc.  mezz. 

Henrietta  Boyle,  countess  of  Rochester,  ie/y; 
E.  Harding. 

Lady  Henrietta,  fifth  daughter  of  Richard  Boyle,  earl  of  Bur- 
lington and  Cork,  married  Lawrence  Hyde,  second  son  of  the  Earl 
of  Clarendon.  He  was  created  earl  of  Rochester,  1682.  The 
Countess  of  Rochester  died  1687,  and  was  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey. 

Countess  of  SHREWSBURY.  Bocquet  sc.  In 
**  Grammontj'  from  a  picture  by  Sir  Peter  Lelyj  in 
the  possession  of  the  Duke  of  Dorset. 

Countess  of  Shrewsbury.  Sir  P.  Lely  ;  E.  Scriven 
sc.    an  octagon.     In  "  Grammont.*' 

Countess  of  Shrewsbury.  Sir  P.  Lely  ;  L.  L 
Clamsen. 

Anna  Maria,  eldest  daughter  of  Robert  Brudenell,  earl  of  Car- 
digan, and  wife  of  Francis,  earl  of  Shrewsbury,  who  was  killed  in 
a  duel  by  George,  duke  of  Buckingham.  She  was  so  abandoned 
as  to  hold  the  duke's  horse  while  he  fought  and  killed  her  hus- 
band, 1667.  She  afterward  married  George  Rodney  Bridges,  esq. 
second  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Bridges,  of  Keynsham,  in  Somerset- 
shire; by  whom  she  had  one  son,  George  Rodney  Bridges.  Ob. 
1702. 


^^uAedJim^jSeiMWr-iiu-hardj<i>rCLi>rk  HcuwH*31.& 


OF   ENCJLAND.  371 

LADY  MARY  RATCLIFFE,  in  a  high  heud-dress 
of  ostrich's  feathers ;  feathers  of  the  same  kind  about 
her  waist;  whole  length;  h,  sh,  mezz.  She  is  placed 
here  as  Countess  of  Derwentwater. 

Mr.  Walpole  thinks  that  this  theatric  dress  might  be  the  same 
in  which  she  acted  at  court  The  original  portrait  is  now  at  Clive- 
den:* it  is  thus  inscribed,  **  Lady  Mary  Tuder  (Tudor),  natural 
daughter  of  King  Charles  II.  married  to  the  Earl  of  Derwentwater." 
See  Mil.  Davis,  in  this  class. 


VISCOUNTESS,  AND  DAUGHTERS 

OF  EARLS. 

Th6  LADY  ASHLEY.    Lely  p.  Tompson  e.vc.  h.  sh. 
mezz* 

Dorothy,  daughter  of  John  Manners,  earl  of  Rutland,  and  wife 

of  Anthony,  lord  Ashley,  son  of  the  Lord-chancellor  Shaftesbury. 

■  * 

LADY  MARY  JOLLIFFE,  &c.  R.  White  sc.  4to. 
Lady  Mart  Jolciffb,  &c.    4to.  W.  Richardsoti. 

Mary,  daughter  of  Ferdinando  Hastings,  earl  of  Huntingdon,  by 
Lncji  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  John  Davies  of  Englefield,  knt. 
premier-serjeant  at  law  to  King  James  and  King  Charles  I.  as  also 
solicitor,  and  afterward  attorney-general  in  Ireland.  She  was  a 
woman  of  a  strong  and  cultivated  understanding,  and  of  exemplary 
conduct  in  her  religious  and  domestic  character.  She  died  in 
1678,  having  had  one  child  only  by  her  husband  William  Joliffe,t 
of  Caverswell  Castle,  in  the  county  of  Stafford,  esq.  See  more  of 
,li0r  in  the  Sermon  at  her  funeral  by  Samuel  Willes,  M.A.  preacher 
^tt  AiihallOws,  in  Defby;  to  which  is  prefixed  her  head. 

The  LADY  ESSEX  FINCH.     P.  Lely  p.  Brown; 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

•  Spolt  Clifton  in  Gibtfun's  **  Crtiiidcn.'* 
t  Sunietimes  wrttlco  JoUific. 


372  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Lady  Essex  Finch;  inezz.  P  .  Lely  ;  V^Vaart. 

Lady  Essex  Finch.  P.  Lely ;  P.V.Somer;  an 
etching;  folio. 

Lady  Essex  Rich,  second  daughter  and  coheir  of  Robert,  earl  of 
Warwick,  married  to  Daniel  Finch,  afterward  earl  of  Nottingham. 

MRS.  ANNE  MONTAGUE.  Lelj/  p.  Browne; 
whole  length  ;   h.  sh.  mezz.     She  is  represented  young, 

Mrs.  Anne  Montague.  Lely  p,  R.  Tompson 
exc.  mezz. 

This  print  should  have  been  inscribed.  Lady  Ann  e  &c.  It  is  the 
portrait  of  the  third  daughter  of  the  first  earl  of  Sandwich,  who 
was  first  married  to  Sir  Richard  Edgecumbe,  father  of  Lord 
Edgecumbe ;  next  to  Christopher  Montague,  elder  brother  to 
Charles,  earl  of  Halifax,* 

BARONESS,  &c. 

The  LADY  CATHERINE  SEYMOUR,  relict  of 
the  Lord  Francis  Seymour,  baron  of  Trowbridge. 
Lely  p.   Browne ;   h,  sh.  mezz. 

Catharine,  mother  to  Lord  Francis  Seymour,  baron  of  Trow- 
bridge, who,  in  1675,  succeeded  his  cousin  John,  duke  of  Somer- 
set, in  all  his  titles.  He  was  killed  in  Italy  in  1678,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  brother,  Charles  Seymour,  who  died  the  2d  of  Dec, 
1748. 

The  LADY  GREY.  P.  Lely  p.  h.sh.  mezz;  sold  hy 
J.  Bakewell;  with  a  necklacey  and  a  lamb  to  the  right. 
Mr.  Richardson  had  seen  aproof  of  this  plate  b?iger  and 

•  There  is  a  print,  inscribed  '*  Lady  Henrietta  Mordaant,  daughter  of  Charles, 
earl  of  Peterborough,  &c.  Lely  p.  Watson  f."  As  this  is  a  daughter  of  the  earl 
who  took  Barcelona,  and  the  same  person  who  married  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  who 
died  in  1728,  the  portrait  was,  most  probably,  never  painted  by  Lely,  who  died 
before  Charles  IL     It  must  therefore  belong  to  a  subsequent  reign. 


OF    ENGLAND.  373 

wider y  the  face  and  head-dress  different,  also  the  back 
ground,  and  two  sheep  to  the  right :  query,  if  origi- 
nally meant  for  the  same  person. 

Mary,  fourth  daughter  of  George,  earl  of  Berkeley,  and  wife  of 
Ford,  lord  Grey,  famous  for  his  amours  with  her  sister,  Lady 
Henrietta  Berkeley.  The  printed  letters  which  are  said  to  have 
passed  between  the  two  lovers  are  undoubtedly  spurious;'^  but  some 
parts  of  them  must  be  allowed  to  be  very  naturally  and  pertinently 
written. 

CICELY,  lady  Arundell ;  within  an  engraved 
border ;  engraved  by  R.  Cooper,  from  a  highly-finished 
miniature,  painted  in  oil  by  Ant.  Vandyck,  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  Right  Honourable  Lord  Arundell.  Private 
plate. 

Cicely  Compton,  daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Compton,  of  Brambletye, 
in  the  county  of  Sussex,  knight  of  the  Bath,  was  twice  married ; 
first  to  Sir  John  Femior,  knight,  of  Somerton,  in  the  county  of 
Oxford,  whom  surviving,  she  next  married  Henry,  tliird  lord 
Arundell,  of  Wardour,  and  died  March  21st,  1675,  in  the  67th  year 
of  her  age.  Buried  at  Tisbury,  Wilts ;  where  a  handsome  monu- 
ment is  erected  to  her  memoiy. 

RACHEL,  widow  of  Dr.  WILLIAM  PAULE, 
bishop  of  Oxon,  daughter  of  Sir  Christopher  Clithe- 
row,  knt.  aged  50,  bom  the  7th  of  June,  1617.  Log- 
gan  ad  vivum  del.  Eliza.  B.  Gulstonf  large  Ato. 

The  original  drawing  was  in  the  possession  of  James  Clitherow, 
of  Norton-house,  in  Middlesex,  esq. 

-  Rachel  Paule  was  daughter  of  Sir  Christopher  Clitherow,  knt. 
an  eminent  merchant  and  alderman  of  London,  in  the  reigns  of 
James  and  Charles  the  First,  f    She  was  onie  of  his  children  by  his 

•  See  the  "  Life  of  J,  DuntoDi  bookseller." 

t  He  served  the  offices  of  sheriff  and  lord  mayor  in  the  years  1625  and  1636, 
was  governor  of  the  East-land  Company,  and  president  of  Christ's  Hospital  »X    ^^ 

%  In  the  court-room,  belonging  to  the  hospital,  is  an  original  portrait  of  him^ 
dated  1641. 


374  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

second  wife,  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Cambell,  knt.  lord  mayor 
of  London  in  1609.  'She  married  Dr.  William  Paule,  who  was  fellow 
of  All  Souls  College,  in  Oxford,  and  afterward  bishop  of  that  see. 
Afler  his  lordship's  death,  she  retired  to  St.  Giles's,  in  Oxford, 
where  the  original  drawing  of  her,  in  the  widow's  weeds  of  that 
time  was  taken  by  David  Loggan.  She  died  in  1691,  leaving  several 
children ;  but  the  male  line  became  extinct  on  the  death  of  her 
grandson,  William  Paule,*  of  Braywick,  in  Berks,  and  Greys,  in 
Oxfordshire,  esq.  whose  only  child,  by  Lady  Catharine  Fane,  bis 
wife,  who  was  daughter  of  Vere,  and  sister  of  John,  late  earl  of 
Westmoreland,  married  Sir  William  Stapleton,  bart.  whose  son,  Sir 
Thomas,  now  enjoys  the  Paule  estate ;  and,  in  right  of  his  grand- 
mother, is  also  presumptive  heir,  after  the  death  of  Francis,  now 
Lord  Despencer,  and  his  sister.  Lady  Austen,  without  issue,  to  that 
ancient  barony .f 

The  LADY  STANHOPE.  Lely  p.  Browne;  h.  sh. 
mezz. 

Catharine,  daughter  of  Thomas,  lord  Wotton,  and  widow  of 
Henry,  lord  Stanhope.  She  had  a  daughter,  named  Catharine 
after  her  mother,  who  married  William,  lord  Allington.  She  was 
created  countess  of  Chesterfield  by  Charles  the  Second. 

was  chosen  one  of  the  represeiitatives  of  the  city  of  London,  in  the  third  parliament 
of  Charles ;  the  precipitate  dissolution  of  which  Lord  Clarendon  laments  as  the 
principal  cause  of  the  national  confusion  that  soon  after  followed.  As  he  found  that 
his  principles,  which  were  ever  well  affected  to  monarchy  and  the  church  of  Eng- 
land, rendered  hira  daily  less  acceptable  to  the  puritan  party,  which  then  took  the 
lead  in  the  city,  he  retired  soon  after  his  mayoralty,  from  public  business,  and  died 
in  1642.  He  was  buried  in  the  church  of  St.  Andrew  Undersbaft,  where  there  is  a 
fair  monument  to  his  memory. 

*  Mr.  Paule,  the  father  of  this  gentleman,  was  remarkably  fat,  bat  not  so  corpu- 
lent as  Dr.  Tadlow,  of  St.  JohVi's  College,  his  contemporary,  at  Oxford.  The  face- 
tious Dr.  Evans, t  of  the  same  house,  who  loved  a  pun,  said  in  conversation,  that  he 
had  some  thoughts  of  writing  a  poem  upon  Tadlow,  of  which  indeed,  at  present,  he 
had  only  composed  this  line  : 

Tadloides  musae  Paulo  raajora  canamus.$ 
It  was  on  the  same  person  that  Dr.  Evans  made  this  well-known  dbtich  : 
When  Tadlow  walks  the  streets,  the  paviours  cry 
God  bless  you,  sir  ! — and  lay  their  rammers  by. 
t  Communicated  by  James  Clitherow,  esq. 

X  Author  of  "  The  Apparition,  a  Poem  j*'  the  Epitaph  on  Vanbrugh,  &c. 
§  Parody  of  Virg.  Eclog.  iv.  v.  1. 


OF    ENGLAND.  375 

There  is  in  the  Gallery  of  Beauties  at  Windsor,  a  portrait  by  Sir 
Peter  Lely,  called  "  Lady  Rochester,"  which  has  been  mistaken 
fbr  the  wife  of  John,  the  famous  lord,  who  was  indubitably  no 
beauty.  The  portrait  in  question  is  conjectured  to  represent  the 
first  wife  of  Laurence  Hyde,  second  son  of  Edward,  earl  of  Cla- 
rendon, who  was  created  viscount  Hyde  and  baron  of  Wotton 
Basset*  the  24th  of  April,  1681,  and  earl  of  Rochester,  the  29th 
of  November,  1682.  As  Sir  Peter  Lely  died  in  1680,  I  have 
placed  ber  here  as  the  wife  of  an  earl's  second  son;  but,  perhaps, 
improperly.  If  there  be  a  portrait  at  Cashiobury  resembling  this 
at  Windsor,  it  may  be  depended  upon  as  done  for  one  of  the  wives 
of  Earl  Laurence,  and  may  probably  lead  to  a  further  discovery. 


MADAM  CATHARINE  NEVILL.  Lely  p.  Brow)ie; 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

Madam  Catharfne  Nevill;  mezz.   S.  Leader. 

.  There  is  a  mezzotinto  print,  sold  by  Browne,  said  to  have  been 
done  from  a  painting  of  Vandyck,  and  inscribed  with  both  the 
names  of  this  lady. 

Catharine,  daughter  of  Henry,  lord  Abergavenny ;  first  married 
to  Sir  Robert  Howard,  1660,  and  afterward  to  Robert  Berry,  esq. 


The  LADY  BELLASIS  (BELLAsrsE).  Lely  p. 
Tompson  exc.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

This  lady,  who  was  widow  of  the  son  of  John,  lord  Bellasyse,  was 
remarkable  foi'  a  vivacity  which  seems  to  have  supplied  the  place, 
and  answered  all  the  purposes,  of  beauty.  Though  she  was  one  of 
the  least  handsome  women  that  appeared  at  couit,  she  gained  so 
far  upon  the  affections  of  the  Duke  of  York,  that  he  gave  her  a 
promise  under  his  hand  to  marry  her.  He  did  his  utmost  to  con- 
vert her  to  his  own  religion ;  but  nothing  could  induce  her  to 
change  that  in  which  she  had  been  educated.  The  Lord  Bellasyse, 
her  father-in-law,  who  was  a  zealous  papist,  dreading  the  influence 
that  such  a  woman  might  have  upon  the  duke  in  religious  affairs, 
disclosed  the  secret  of  the  contract  to  the  king.  Charles  sent  for 
his  brother,  and  told  him,  "  it  was  too  much  to  have  played  the 
fool  once :  that  was  not  to  be  done  a  second  time,  and  at  such  an 


376  BIOGRAPHICAL   HISTORY 

age."*  The  lady  was  so  intimidated  by  threats,  that  she  gave  up 
the  original  contract,  but  took  care  to  preserve  an  attested  copy. 
It  ap|)ears  from  a  letter  of  Dr.  Swift  to  Mrs.  Dingley,  lately  pub- 
lished, that  she  died  in  the  reign  of  Anne;  and  that  Lord  Berkeley, 
of  Stratton,  who  was  one  of  her  executors,  got  about  10,000/.  by 
her  death.  The  portrait  at  Windsor,  which  is  commonly  called 
Lady  Byron's,  is  supposed  to  be  that  of  Lady  Bellasyse.  The 
almost  total  absence  of  beauty  in  it  seems  to  confirm  that  conjec- 
ture.    See  "  Anec.  of  Paint."     III.  p.  39. 

MISS  BROOK ;  in  the  "  Memoirs  of  Count  Gram- 
montr     Harding  ejcc.  Ato. 

Miss  Brook,  afterward  Lady  Denham ;  4to.  mezz. 
Woodburn  exc. 

Lady  Denham  was  one  of  those  beauties  that  adorned  the  volup- 
tuous court  of  Charles  II.  and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  attracted  the 
attention  of  the  principal  men  of  that  gay  period,  particularly  the 
Duke  of  York,  who  tried  every  art  in  vain  to  draw  her  into  an  in- 
trigue. While  she  was  only  known  as  Miss  Brook,  the  Earl  of 
Bristol,  to  whom  she  was  nearly  related,  gave  great  entertainments, 
and  kept  much  company,  in  order  to  gain  admirers,  and  future 
husbands,  for  this  young  lady  and  her  sister.  Miss  Brook  how- 
ever was  very  near  falling  into  the  arms  of  the  duke,  when  she 
met  with  Sir  John  Denham,  full  of  wealth,  but  pretty  well  laden 
with  years.  He  was  one  of  the  greatest  wits  of  that  age,  and  made 
his  addresses  so  pleasant  to  the  lady,  that  she  became  his  blooming 
bride  at  the  age  of  eighteen,  when  he  had  arrived  at  the  mature 
age  of  seventy-nine. 

The  LADY  MARY  ARMYNE.  F.  H.  Van  Hove  sc. 
In  Clarke's  "  Lives  ;'^  folio. 

Her  portrait,  by  Cornelius  Jansen,  is  at  Welbeck. 

Mary,  daughter  of  Henry  Talbot,  fourth  son  of  George,  earl  of 
Shrewsbury,  and  wife  of  Sir  William  Annyne.  She  perfectly  un- 
derstood the  Latin  and  French  languages,  and  was  well  read  in 
history  and  divinity.  Her  apprehension  and  judgment  are  equally 
extraordinary,  and  only  exceeded  by  her  piety  and  charity.    She 

•  Burnet. 


OF   ENGLAND.  377 

founded  three  hospitals  in  her  lifetime ;  one  at  Burton  Grange,  in 
Yorkshire,  and  two  others  in  different  counties.  She  also  left  an 
estate  to  charitable  uses.     OA.  1675, 

The  LADY  ELIZABETH  BROOKE  (orBROOKEs), 
A\  Dam.  1683,  M.  82 ;  l2mo.  Before  her  ''Funeral 
Sermon,''  by  Parkhurst. 

Lady  Brooke,  who  was  born  at  Wigsale,  in  Sussex,  was  daughter 
of  Thomas  Colepepper,  esq.  and  wife  of  Sir  Robert  Brooke,  knt. 
of  Cockfield  Hall,  at  Yoxford,  in  the  county  of  Suffolk.  She  was, 
in  the  early  part  of  her  life,  distinguished  for  the  elegance  of  her 
person,  as  she  afterward  was  for  her  cultivated  understanding, 
masculine  judgment,  and  elevated  piety.    She  died  in  July,  1683. 

DOROTHY,  wife  of  Sir  John  Packington,  bart.  the 
supposed  author  of  '*  The  Whole  Duty  of  Man." 
V.  Green  so.  Ato.  mezz. 

This  accomplished  lady  resided  chiefly  at  the  family-seat  of  her 
husband,  Westwood,  in  Worcestershire,  which  often  afforded  an 
asylum  to  learned  men.  Dr.  Hammond,  Bishops  Morley,  Fell, 
Gunning,  and  others,  always  met  with  hospitable  entertainment 
here  during  the  troubles  of  the  kingdom.  In  concert  with  some  of 
these,  the  good  Lady  Packington,  as  she  was  called,  is  supposed  to 
have  written  the  celebrated  work,  entitled,  "  The  Whole  Duty  of 
Man,"  which  has  been  translated  into  Latin,  French,  and  Welsh. 

Lady  Packington's  Letters  and  Prayers  are  marked  with  the  easy 
familiar  language  of  that  book.  And  it  has  been  asserted,  that  the 
original  MS.  in  the  hand-writing  of  this  lady,  and  interlined  with 
corrections  by  Bishop  Fell,  was  some  thne  in  the  possession  of  her 
daughter,  Mrs.  Ayne,  of  Rampton,  who  often  affirmed  it  to  be  the 
performance  of  her  mother,  adding,  tha^t  she  was  the  author  also  of 
a  book,  entitled,  "  The  Decay  of  Christian  Piety.*  Lady  Packing- 
ton  died  in  1679. 

**  Upon  the  whole  it  still  remains  a  doubt,  and  it  is  much  easier  to  prove  who  was 
not  the  author,  than  to  assert  who  was :  however,  Lady  Packington  seems  to  have 
'  as  good  or  better  claim  than  Abraham  Woodhead,  Obadiah  Walker,  bishop  Fell, 
Cliapple,  Dr.  Allestree,  Dr.  Henchman,  or  Mr.  Fulman.    See  "  Gentleman's  Ma- 
gazine for  1754/*  p.  26. 

VOL.   V.  3  C 


378  BIOGRAJ^HICAL    HISTORY 

ANN,  lady  Fanshawe ;  from  a  'portrait  in  the  pos- 
session of  Mr.Fanshawe^  of  Parsloes,  in  Essex^  engraved 
by  Feisenger ;  iivo.    In  Seward's  "  Anecdotes.''' 

Ann,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Harrison,  of  Balls,  by 
Margaret,  daughter  of  Robert  Fanshawe,  esq.  wife  fo 
Sir  Richard  Fanshawe,  bart,  ambassador  to  Spain; 
8t;o.  etched  by  Catharine  Fanshawe. 

"  This  incomparable  woman  wrote  the  raemwrs  of  her  life,  which 
contain  many  curious  anecdotes  of  herself  and  her  husband,  and  of 
the  great  personages  of  the  times  ;  unfortunately  for  the  lovers  of 
truth,  of  nature,  and  of  simplicity,  they  remain  in  manuscript;  they 
are  exquisitely  entertaining,  and  differing  from  most  of  the  cele- 
brated French  memoirs,  and  evince  most  cleai-ly  that  the  trifling 
and  foppish  resource  of  intrigue,  is  not  necessary  to  render  a  nar- 
rative interesting.  It  is  much  to  be  wished  that  one  of  the  de- 
scendants of  the  ancient  and  illustrious  family  of  Sir  Richard 
Fanshawe,  who  possesses  the  most  perfect  copy  of  these  memoirs, 
would  cause  them  to  6e  printed  for  the  amusement  and  instruction 
of  mankind/' — Seward's  "  Anecdotes,"  vol.  ii.  p.  15. 

Considerable  extracts  from  the  MS.  are  to  be  found  in  Seward's 
"Anecdotes."  The  possessors  of  copies  of  the  whole  are,  Mr.  Fan- 
shawe, of  Parsloes;  Blount,  esq.;  Mrs.  Bowdler,  of  Bath; 

and  Mr.  Clutterbuck,  the  historian,  of  Hertfordshire. 


LADY  ANNE  BARRINGTON,  and  LADY 
MARY  ST.  JOHN.  H.  Gascar  p.  large  h.  sk 
mezz. 

This  scarce  print  is  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Horace  Walpole. 
The  families  of  Barringfon  and  St.  John  are  well  known.  I  know 
nothing  of  the  personal  histoiy  of  the  ladies. 

The  LADY  MOORELAND  (Morland).  P.Lelyp. 
R.  Tompson  ejcc.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Lady  Morland  was  daughter  of  George  Fielding,  esq.  and  wife 
of  Sir  Samuel  Morland,  bart.  of  Sulhamsted  Banister,  in  the  county 


OF    ENGLAND.  379 

t)f  Berks,  and  master  of  the  mechauics  to  Charles  II.  Ob,  29  Feb. 
1678-9.  She  lies  buried  in  Westmitister  Abbey,  with  an  inscrip- 
tion in  English  and  Hebrew  upon  her  monument :  there  is  also 
an  epitaph,  which  seems  to  have  been  written  in  the  Ethiopic 
language,  that  people  might  not  read  it.  Job  Ludolf,  the  writer,* 
when  he  saw  it  on  the  tomb,  felt  much  the  same  kind  of  emotion  as 
he  would  have  felt  at  the  unexpected  sight  of  a  familiar  friend  in 
a  strange  country .f 

^  The  LADY  ELIZABETH  RAWDON,  wife  to  that 
most  valiant  colonel  and  worthy  knight,  Sir  Marma- 
duke  Rawdon,  of  Hodsdon,  in  Hartfordshire ;  JEt.  76. 
iJ.  White  sc.  4to. 

This  is  one  of  the  set  of  the  Rawdon  family,  engraved  for  the 
manuscript  before  mentioned.  See  an  account  of  the  husband  of 
this  lady  in  the  eighth  Class. 

LADY  KING.  Lely  p.  White  sc.  4to/  Ob.  24  Oct. 
1698. 

Qusere  if  the  lady  of  Sir  Edmund  King,  physician  to, Charles  II.? 

LADY  TREVOR  WARNER,  in  religion  called 
Sister  Clare.  Largilliere  p.  Van  Schuppen  sc.  Svo. 
Before  her  "  Life,''  Lmd.  1692 ;  second  edit. 

Lady  Warner,  a  woman  of  great  beauty  and  many  accomplish- 
ments, was  converted  to  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  about  the 
6ame  time  with  Sir  John  Warner,  her  husband.     She  took  the 

*  See  )iis  article  in  the  Appendix  to  this  reign.  . 

t  The  author  of  the  '*  life  of  Ludolf,"  at  p.  126, 127,  says,  "  Non  gaadio  parvo 
perfasus,  cum  in  Templo  Westnionasteriensi  incisum  mannori  candido  videret  carmen 
^thiopicum,  quod,  rogatos,  in  memoiiam  uxoris  clarissimi  viri  Samnelis  Morlant, 
cquttis  Aogli,  oiim  conscripserat.^j 

I  '*  In  Praefat  ad  "  Grammat.  ^thiop."  edit,  secunds,  monet  Ludolf  us  suuro, 
avxtorU^  nomen,  forte  ex  in?idia  adsculptum  marmori  non  fuissc."  Ibid.  p.  127,  n. 


380  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

habit  of  the  English  nuns,  called  Sepulchrines,  at  Liege,  tDgetkr 
with  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Warner,  her  sister-in-law,  the  30th  of  April, 
1665.  Both  these  ladies  went  afterward  into  the  convent  of  Car- 
thusianesses,  or  poor  Clares,  at  Gravelin.*  Sir  John  entered  IbIo 
the  society  of  Jesus,*  and  assumed  the  name  of  Brother  Clare,  as  his 
lady  did  that  of  Teresa  Clare.  They  had  several  daughters,  two 
of  whom,  Catharine  and  Susan,  were,  in  1692,  nuns  in  the  English 
monastery  at  Dunkirk,  There  is  a  print  of  Mrs.  Anne  Warner,  by 
John  Smith,  after  Largilliere.  She  was,  as  I  am  informed,  another 
daughter.     Lady  Trevor  Warner  died  the  26th  of  January,  1670. 


MARIA,  Edwardi  Alston  eq.  aur.  filia  Jacobi  Lang- 
ham  eq.  aur.  uxor.  Faithornef.  Ato.  Before  her  *^ Fu- 
neral Sermoriy'  by  Dr.  Edward  Reynolds^  rector  of 
Braunston^  in  Northamptonshire^  and  afterward  bishop 
of  Norwich.    Sca7xe. 

Mary  Lang  ha  m  ;  copied  from  the  above.  Harding 
exc.  Ato. 

Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Alston,  and  wife  of  Sir  James 
Langham,  had,  in  the  early  part  of  her  life,  a  propensity  to  atheism; 
but,  as  she  advanced  in  years  and  understanding,  she  became  a 
Christian  upon  sound  principles  and  rational  conviction,  and  expe- 
rimentally found,  that  the  uniform  practice  of  religion  and  virtue 
added  strength  to  reason,  and  clearness  to  evidence.  Hence  it  was 
that  no  woman  of  her  age  was  more  religious  or  less  superstitious. 
She  was  equally  a  stranger  to  the  moroseness  and  flights  of  bigotry; 


*  "  The  cells  of  the  Carthusianesses,  at  Grayeitn  (sajs  the  author  of  Lady 
Warner's  Life),  are  not  long  enough  for  one  of  an  ordinary  stature  to  lie  at  full 
length ;  and  therefore  when  they  sleep  they  almost  sit  upright  in  their  beds,  which 
arc  not  two  feet  and  a  half  broad  ;  and  the  cell  is  no  broader,  besides  what  the  bed 
takes  up,  than  to  give  room  enough  for  a  single  person  to  go  in  and  out.  All  their 
furniture  is  a  little  low  stool  to  sit  upon,  and  a  straw  bed  and  bolster  (or,  if  sick,  a 
pillow  of  chaff);  upon  which  they  lie  in  their  habits,  having  a  blanket  to  coter 
them.  They  wear  no  linen:  go  barefoot,  having  only  sandals  ;  rise  at  midnight; 
abstain  all  tlieir  lifetime  from  flesh ;  and  keep  such  a  fast  all  the  year  as  we  do  in 
Lent." 

"  Tantum  religiu  potuit  suadere  malorum." 


OF  ENGLAND.  381 

and  displayed  a  constant  cheerfulness,  the  natural  effect  of  a  good 
conscience,  which  rendered  her  a  more  agreeable*  and  amiable 
woman,  in  proportion  as  she  was  a  better  Christian,  She  died  in 
September,  1660. 

A  SCOTCH  COUNTESS. 

JOCOSA,  countess  of  Dalhousie  ;  from  a  monument 
in  the  Savoy  church.    Le  Coeur  fecit ;  8vo. 

Of  this  lady,  nothing  more  has  been,  discovered  than  is  recorded 
in  her  epitaph ;  whence  it  appears  that  she  was  the  daughter  of  Sir 
Alan  Apsley,  knight,  lieutenant  of  the  Tower  of  London ;  that  she 
was  first  married  to  Lyster  Blunt,  esq.  son  to  Sir  Richard  Blunt,  of 
Maple-Durham,  in  Oxfordshire,  and  afterward  to  William  Ramsay, 
second  earl  of  Dalhousie.  The  epitaph  adds,  that  she  had  no 
children,  and  that  she  died  on  the  28th  of  April,  1663. 

Douglas,  in  his  ''Peerage,'**  mentions  that  William  Ram8ay,whom 
he  calls  first  Earl  of  Dalhousie,  married  Margaret  Carnegie,  daugh- 
ter of  the  Earl  of  Southesk,  by.  whom  he  had  seven  children.'  As 
this  Earl  of  Dalhousie  died  in  1674,  advanced  in  years,  there  is  rea- 
son to  believe  tliat  this  lady  was  his  second  wife;  but,  having  no 
children,  she  escaped  the  notice  of  genealogists. 

GENTLEWOMEN,  &c. 

MADAM  CATHARINE  SIDLEY  (or  Sedley). 
Jjely  'p.    R.  Tompson  e.vc.  h.sh.  mezz. 

Madam  Sidley,  Wissing  p.  R.  Williams  f  Ato. 
mezz. 

Mrs.  Sedley  was  daughter  of  Sir  Charles  Sedley,  bart.  See 
Catharine,  countess  of  Dorchester,  in  the  next  reign. 

MADAM  MARY  KIRK.  Lely  p.  Browne;  h.  sh. 
mezz. 

•  Page  174. 


382  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

Madam  Kirk  ;  small  oval.   Worlidge;  Lely ;  Sche- 
nciker. 

Mary  Kirk,  &c.  in  Harding's  ^^Grammontr  1792. 

Mary  Kirk.  Sir  P.  Ldy;  Bocquet  sc.  In  ^^Gram- 
montr  ^vo.  1809. 

Mrs.  Kirk  was  daughter  of  George  Kirk,  esq.  groom  oi^the  bed- 
chamber to  Charles  II.  and  sister  to  Diana  Vere,  the  last  countess 

,of  Oxford,  of  that  name.     She  was  maid  of  honour  to  Queen  Catba- 

■  rine,  and  one  of  that  constellation  of  beauties  which  shone  at  court 
in  the  former  part  of  this  reign.     But  she  proved  a  wandering,  and 

.at  length  a  fallen,  star.  Other  maids  of  honour  were  prudent 
enough  to  retire  into  the  country  upon  proper  occasions  ;  but  she 

'  inadvertently  stayed  too  long  in  town,  and  was  delivered  of  a  child  at 
Whitehall.  When  she  was  in  the  pride  of  all  her  beauty  and  fame, 
Sir  Richard  Vernon,*  a  country  gentleman  of  about  1500/.  a  year, 
made  his  addresses  to  her ;  but  she  rejected  his  courtship  with  dis- 
dain.    Upon  his  repulse,  he  retired  to  his  rural  seat,  forsook  his 

-  dogs  and  horses,  and  abandoned  himself  to  grief  and  despair.  Mr. 
Thomas  Killegrew,  of  the  king's  bed-chamber,  who  was  his  rela- 
tion, went  to  visit  this  disconsolate  lover ;  and,  with  a  view  of 
curing  him  of  his  passion,  told  him  all  the  circumstances  of  his  mis- 
tress's disgrace.  He  was  transported  with  the  most  frantic  joy  at 
the  news,  as  he  now  thought  her  haughtiness  sufficiently  humbled 
to  listen  to  his  suit.  He  renewed  his  addresses  with  more  ardency 
than  ever,  and  in  a  short  time  she  became  his  wife.  Her  conduct 
was  so  nice  in  the  married  state,  that  he  was  reputed  the  fatber  of 
all  the  children  she  afterward  produced.  See  more  of  her  in  the 
.**  Memoires  de  Grammont,"  under  the  name  of  Warmestre. 


The  LADY  (Mrs.)  PRICE.  P.  Lely  eq.p.  Brmie; 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

Miss  Price.    F.  Bartolozzi  se.    In  "  Grammoiit's 
Memoirs'"^ 

*  lie  is  called  KiJIegrcw  in  the  *'  Memoirs  dc  Gramtuont.'' 


OF    ENGLAND.  386 

"  The  true  and  lively  portraiture  of  that  virtuous 
gentlewoman  MARTHA  WILLIAMS,  one  of  the 
daughters  of  that  valiant  colonel  and  worthy  knight, 
SirMarmaduke  Rawdon,  of  Hodsdon,  in  Hertfordshire, 
and  wife  to  Thomas  Williams,  gentleman,  the  fourth 
son  of  Sir  Henry  Williams,  of  Gwemeut,  in  Breck- 
nockshire, knight  and  baronet."  R.  White  sc.  Svo. 

SARAH  RAWDON,  wife  to  Marmaduke  Rawdon, 
esq.  R.  White  sc.  4to.  See  Marmaduke  Rawdon, 
Class  VIIL 

KATHARINE  RAWDON,  wife  of  William  Bow- 
yer,  &c.    R.  White  sc.  Ato. 

The  true  and  lively  portraiture  of  that  virtuous  gen- 
tlewoman ELIZABETH  RAWDON,  wife  to  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Rawdon,  of  Bermondsey  Court,  in  the  county  of 
Surrey,  gentleman.  She  was  bom  the  18th  of  Jctnuary, 
1632. 

ELIZABETH  RAWLINSON,  wife  of  Curwen 
Rawlinson,  and  daughter  to  Dr.  Monck,  bishop  of 
Hereford.  Ob.  1691,  M.  43.  Jos.  Nutting  sc.  This 
head  is  in  the  same  plate  with  Nicholas  Monck,  and 
several  others  of  the  Rawlinson  family  ;  Ato. 

Curwen  Rawlinson,  husband  of  this  lady,  has  been  already  men- 
tioned. He  left  issue  by  her  two  sons ;  Monck,  who  died  young, 
and  Christopher,  of  whom  there  is  a.portrait«  which  belongs  to  the 
reign  of  Anne. 

MADAM  SMITH,  wife  of  Erasmus  Smith,  esq'. 
Knellerp.  1680.  G.  White  f.  h.sh.  mezz.  See  Eras- 
mus Smith,  Class  VIII. 

VOL.   V,  3d 


386  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

MADAM  GRAHAM.  Lely  p.  Tampson  ea^c.  h.  sL 
mezz. 


MADAM    PHILADELPHIA    SAUNDERS.    P. 
Lefy p.    Browne;  h.  sh.  mew. 

******* 

MADAM  PARSON.     P.  Lely  p.     J.  Verkotye  /. 
1683;  h.  sh.  mezz. 


MADAM   JANE   KELLEWAY,  in  the  character 
of  Diana.    Lely  p.    Browne;  h.  sh.  mezz. 


MADAM  JANE  LONG.  P.  Lely  p.  R.  Tompson 
ere.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Mrs.  Long  was  an  actress,  bat  of  no  great  celebrity.  She  per- 
formed in  public  in  the  year  1662. 

SOPHIA  BULKELY.   H.Gascarp.  h.  sh.  mezi. 

This  lady  was  daughter  of  Walter  Stuart,  esq.  third  son  of  Lord 
Blantyre,  and  sister  to  Frances,  dutchess  of  Richmond.  She  mar- 
ried Henry  Bulkeley,  esq.  "  master  of  the  household  "♦  to  Charles 
the  Second.  In  the  reign  of  William,  it  was  reported,  that  she  was 
confined  in  the  Bastile,  for  holding  a  correspondence  with  Lord 
Godolphin.f    That  she  had  some  connexion  with  that  lord,  may  be 


.  •  Crawford's  "Peerage  of  Scotland,"  p.  37. 

t  Dalrymple's  "Memoirs,"  part  ii.  p.  189.     She  is  there  erroneously  called 
Lady  Sophia  Buckley, 


OF    ENGLAND.  387 

presumed  from  the  following  stanziai,  which  is  part  of  a  satire  against 
Charles,  written  in  1680  : 

Not  for  the  nation,  but  the /air. 

Our  treasury  provides : 
Bulkeley's  Godolphiirs  only  cace. 

As  Middletou  is  Hyde's. 

DOROTHEA  RUTTER;  Martis  21,  166|^,  mm 
cetatis  stue  ult.  etZ\. 

*^  Life  more  abundant  in  her  looks  you  see ; 
Picture  her  soul,  a  heavenly  saint  is  she." 

The  print  is  before  her  Funeral  Sermon^  by  Giles  OkHs- 
ivorth. 

This  amiable  and  pious  lady  was  daughter  of  Sir  John  Hales,  of 
the  White  Friars,  in  Coventry,  and  wife  of  Michael  Rutter,  esq.  of 
Burton  on  the  Hill,  in  Gloucestershire. 

LADY  RACHEL  RUSSELL;  from  an  original 
picture  at  Miss  Pelham's.  i.  Legoux  sc.  4to.  In 
Harding's  *^  Biographical  Mirrour.'' 

Lady  Rachel  Russell;  from  an  original  picture 
at  Woobum,  frontispiece  to  her  Letters.  C.  Knight 
sc.  8vo. 

Lady  Rachel  Russell; /row  the  same  picture. 
G.  Murray  sc.  8vo. 

Lady  Rachel  Russell  was  second  daughter  of  Thomas  Wriothes- 
ley,  earl  of  Southampton,  lord  high-treasurer  of  England,  by 
Rachel  de  Rouvigny,  widow  of  Daniel  de  Massen,  baron  of 
Rouvigny. 

She  was  bom  in  1636,  and  married  first  to  Francis,  lordVaughan, 
eldest  son  of  Richard,  earl  of  Carberry,  secondly  to  William,  lord 
Russell,  second  son  of  William,  first  duke  of  Bedford,  who,  in 
1683,  was  executed  for  misprision  of  treason,  but  whose  attainder 
was  afterward  reversed  by  act  of  parliament. 


388  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

The  excellent  and  undisturbed  sense,  and  unsbaken  finnness  af 
this  virtuous  heroine,  while  she  assisted  her  lord  during  lus  triilf 
were  proved  not  to  be  the  result  of  insensibility^  miscalled  philo- 
sophy, bat  a  command  over  the  most  afflicted  tenderness,  as  long 
as  she  could  be  of  use  to  him,  and  while  she  might  have  distressed 
his  affection.  For  the  moment  he  was  no  more,  she  gave  such 
incessant  loose  to  her  tears,  that  she  iKras  supposed  to  have  brou^t 
pn  her  blindness;  still  with  such  devoted  submission,  that  she 
bore  the  violent  reproofs  of  a  bigoted  chaplain,  devoted  to  the 
court,  who  augmented  her  rational  grief  by  scarce  oblique  condem- 
pation  of  the  principles  to  which  her  dearest  lord  bad  fallen  a 
sacrifice. 

Her  ladyship's  letters,  which  have  been  published,  are  a  com- 
pound of  resigned  piety,  never-ceasing  grief,  strong  sense,  and 
true  patriotism,  with  strict  attention  to  all  domestic  duties.  She 
lived  to  the  age  of  eighty-seven,  revered  almost  as  a  saint  herself, 
and  venerated  as  the  relict  of  the  martyr  to  liberty  and  tbs 
ponstitution. 

She  died  the  29th  of  September,  1723,  having  bom  to  Lord 
Russell  one  son,  Wriothesley,  who,  in  1700,  succeeded  his  grand- 
father in  his  honours  and  estate,  and  two  daughters.  Lady  Radiel, 
married  to  William,  second  duke  of  Devonshire,  and  Lady  Catha- 
rine, married  to  John,  marquis  of  Qranby,  aftei*ward  second  duke 
pf  Rutland. 


MARY,  wife  of  John  Evelyn,  esq.  daughter  of  Sir 
Richard  Browne,  bart.  ambassador  from  King  Charles 
I.  and  II.  to  the  court  of  France.  Engraved  by  H, 
JHei/er;  4to. 

This  lady  became  acquainted  with  the  celebrated  John  Eveyln 
during  the  time  of  his  travels  in  France  ;  her  father.  Sir  Richard 
Browne,  was  acting  in  the  French  court  as  ambassador  from  King 
Charles  the  First.  Mr.  Evelyn  informs  us  in  his  memoirs  that,  "on 
June  10th,  1647,  we  had  concluded  about  my  marriage,  in  order 
to  which  I  went  to  St, Germans,  where  the  Prince  of  Wales  had  his 
court,  to  desire  of  Dr.  Earle,  then  one  of  his  chaplains  (since  dean 
of  Westminster,  clerk  of  the  closet, and  bishop  of  Salisbury),  that 
he  would  accompany  me  to  Paris,  which  he  did ;  and  on  Thursday 
27th  June,  1647,  he  married  us  in  Sir  Richard  Browne's  chapel. 


OF    ENGLAND.  389 

This  was  Corpus  Christ!  feast,  which  was  solemnly  ohserved  in 
this  country;  the  streets  were  sumptuously  hung  with  tapestry  and 
strewed  with  flowers."  He  farther  informs  us,  that  '•  on  Sept, 
10th,  the  same  year,  heing  called  into  England  to  settle  his  afBedrs, 
after  an  absence  of  about  four  years,  he  took  leave  of  the  prince  and 
queen,  leaving  his  wife,  yet  very  young,  under  the  care  of  an  excel- 
lent  lady  and  prudent  mother." 

Mrs.  Evelyn  was  a  very  amiable  and  accomplished  woman,  and 
lived  on  terms  of  intimacy  with  persons  of  the  highest  distinction. 
She  outlived  Mr.  Evelyn,  and  by  her  will,  dated  Feb.  9,  1708, 
desired  to  be  buried  in  a  stone  coffin  near  that  of  **  my  dear  hus- 
band, whose  love  and  friendship  I  was  happy  in  fifty-eight  years  nine 
months,  but  by  God's  providence  left  a  disconsolate  widow  the 
27th  day  of  February,  1705,  in  the  71st  year  of  my  age.  His  care 
of  my  education  was  such  as  tenderness,  affection,  and  fidelity,  to 
the  last  moment  of  his  life,  which  obligation  I  mention  with  a  gra- 
titude to  his  memory,  ever  dear  to  me,  and  I  must  not  omit  to  own 
the  sense  I  have  of  my  parents*  care  and  goodness  in  placing  me  in 
such  worthy  hands." 


MARIA  JOHANNIS  ONEBYE,  de  Hinckley  Filia, 
Thomae  Staveley  Leicestrensis  Uxor ;  in  Nichols's 
"  History  of  Leicestershire'' 

This  lady  who  was  the  youngest  daughter  of  John  Onebye,  of 
Hinckley,  married  in  December,  1656,  Thomas  Staveley,  a  well- 
known  historian  and  antiquary,  by  whom  she  had  issue  three  sons 
and  four  daughters :  1.  Thomas,  who  was  admitted  of  Emmanuel 
College,  Cambridge,  May  20, 1675,  and  was  buried  at  St.  Andrew's 
church  there,  July  27,  1676.  2.  William,  baptized  May  7,  1661, 
was  afterward  a  captain  in  the  army,  and  a  Roman  Catholic.  He 
resided  at  Medboum  in  1710,  died  there  in  1723,  and  was  buried 
at  Holt,  April  18 ;  having  not  long  survived  his  wife,  who  was 
buried  August  17, 1722.  3.  George  Staveley,  the  youngest  son 
of  Thomas,  bom  in  1665,  was  rector  of  Medboum  1696;  where 
he  died,  and  was  buried  Aug.  1,  1709. 

Of  the  four  daughters,  1.  Mary  was  married  to  Mr.  Brudenell, 
May  15,  1678;  aud  buried  Oct.  18,  1729.  2.  Anne,  baptized 
May  19,  1663,  and  buried  July  15,  1694.     3.  Christiana,  baptized 


390  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Not.  30,  1667;  married  to  Mr.  Walker,  at  Abingtoa,  Dec.  17, 
1689.  4.  Jane,  baptized  Oct.  12,  1662  (the  day  on  which  her 
mother  was  buried),  died  Nov.  19,  1705. —  Mrs.  Sta;ireley  died 
October  12, 1669. 


The  family  of  Mr.  COOKE  of  Norfolk.*  Huysman 
p.  Van  Somerf.  large  sh.  mezz. 

The  print  is  anonymous;  but  I  give  it  this  appeUa- 
tion  upon  the  authority  of  Vertues  manuscript  in  my 
possession.  There  is  a  half -sheet  mezzotinto  by  Vincent^ 
which  contains  a  copy  of  part  of  it.  The  eldest  of  the 
children^  in  the  copj^holds  a  knotted  sheep-hooky  and  has 
by  her  side  a  lamb.  The  two  least,  who  are  represented 
as  an  gels  y  are  presumed  to  have  died  young.  I  mention 
this  circumstance  as  analogous  to  the  children  in  the 
clouds,  in  the  famous  family-piece  at  Wilton. 

MRS.  KATHARINE  CLARKE.    Ym  Hove  sc. 

Katharine,  wife  of  Mr.  Samuel  Clarke  the  biographer  and  mar- 
tyrologist.  Her  husband  extols  her  as  an  eminent  example  of 
pie^,  meekness,  chastity,  industry,  and  obedience.  He  tells  us 
''  that  she  never  rose  from  table  without  making  him  a  courtesy, 
nor  drank  to  him  without  bowing ;  that  his  word  was  a  law  to  her, 
and  that  she  often  denied  herself  to  gratify  him."  He  i^pp^ars  to 
have  been  as  good  a  husband,  as  she  was  a  wife. 

"  Thej  woe  so  one,  thai  none  could  trnlj  saj. 
Which  did  coMBMid,  or  vketfacr  did  obej : 
He  ral*d»  because  ihe  woold  ohej  ;  snd  she. 
In  so  obe  jing,  raTd  as  well  as  he." 

She  died  the  21st  of  June,  1675,  having  herself,  with  great  com- 
posure, first  closed  her  eyes.  Her  print,  together  with  her  life,  is 
in  Clarice's  last  folic,  1683. 

*  As  the  priacipol  %aics  are  jomig  la£es,  the  print  naj  be  placed  here  nith 
propriety. 


OF    ENGLAND.  391 

LUCY  BARLOW,  alias  Waters;  from  a  minia- 
ture by  Cooper ,  at  Strawberry-hill.   Harding  exc.  4to. 

Lucy  Barlow,  alias  Waters,  or  more  properly  Walter,  was  the 
daughter  of  Richard  Walter,  of  Haverford-west,  iu  PeinJl>rokeshire^ 
esq.  and  mother  of  the  unfortunate  James,  duke  of  Monmouth. 
The  following  is  Lord  Clarendon's  account  of  her  and  her  son. 

"  A  little  before  this  time  (July,  1662)  the  queen-mother  re-; 
turned  again  for  England.    With  the  queen  there  came  over  a 
youth  of  about  ten  or  a  dozen  years  of  age,  who  was  called  by  the 
name  of  Mr.  Crofts,  because  the  Lord  Crofts  had  been  trusted  to 
the  care  of  his  breeding;  but  he  was  generally  thought  to  be  the 
king's  son,  begotten  upon  a  private  Welshwoman  of  no  good  fame, 
but  handsome,  who  had.  transplanted  herself  to  the  Hague  when 
the  king  was  first  there,  with  a  design  to  obtain  this  honour,  which 
a  groom  of  the  bed-chamber  willingly  preferred  her  to ;  and  there 
it  was  this  boy  wa?  born.     The  mother  lived  afterward  for  sofne 
years  in  France,  in  the  king's  sight,  and  at  lasjt  lost  his  majesty's 
favour;  yet  the  king  desirea  to  have  the  son  delivered  to  him,  that 
he  might  take  care  of  his  education ;  which  she  would  not  consent 
to. — At  last  the  Lord  Crofts  got  him  into  his  charge,  and  the 
mother  dying  at  Paris,  he  had  the  sole  tuition  of  him,  and  took 
care  for  the  breeding  him  suitable  to  the  quality  of  a  very  good 
gentleman.     And  the  queen,  after  some  years,  came  to  know  of  it, 
and  frequently  had  him  brought  to  her,  and  used  him  with  much 
grace ;  and  upon  the  king*s  desire  brought  him  with  her  from  Paris 
to  England,  when  he  was  about  twelve  years  of  age,  very  hand- 
some; and  performed  those  exercises  gracefully  which  youths  of 
that  age  used  to  learn  in  France.     The  king  received  him  with 
extraordinary  fondness,  and  was  willing  that  every  body  should 
believe  him  to  be  his  son,  though  he  did  not  yet  make  any  decla- 
ration that  he  looked  upon  him  as  such,  otherwise  than  *  by  his 
kindness  and  familiarity  towards  him.    He  assigned  a  liberal  main- 
tenance for  him ;    but  took  not  that  care  for  a  strict  breeding  of 
him  as  his  age  required. 

'*  After  Mrs.  Walters  had  this  child,  she  kept  so  little  measure 
with  the  king,  and  lived  so  loosely  when  he  was  in  Scotland,  that 
when,  after  the  Worcester  fight,  he  came  to  France,  and  she  came 
thither,  he  would  have  no  fardier  commerce  with  her.  She  tried 
in  vain  all  her  little  arts,  and  endeavoured  to  persuade  Dr.  Cosins, 
that  she  was  a  convert,  and  would  quit  her  scandalous  way  of  life; 


392  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

but  had  at  the  same  time  a  child  by  the  Earl  of  Arlington,  nvbo 
grew  up  to  be  a  woman,  and  was  owned  by  the  mother  to  be  hen; 
as  like  the  earl  as  possible. — ^When  the  king  went  to  Germany,  she 
imposed  on  Sir  H.  V.  the  king's  resident  at  Brussels,  to  go  along 
with  her  to  Cologne,  and  ask  leave  to  marry  him.  But  all  bebg 
in  vain,  she  abandoned  herself,  and  grew  so  common,  Uiat  she  died 
at  Paris,  after  the  restoration,  of  a  disease  incident  to  her  pro- 
fession." 

MADAM  DAVIS.  Lely  p.  Valck  f.  1678 ;  4to. 
mtzz. 

Madam  Davis.  Lely  p.  Tompson  ejcc.  h.  sh.  mezz. 
She  is  represented  playing  on  the  guitar* 

Madam  Davis;  playing  on  a  clavichord,  or  spi- 
net ;  a  gentleman  (probably  Charles  II.)  listening  with 
great  attention :  in  the  back  grmndy  a  courtier  bowing 
to  a  gentleman  and  lady  passing  a  portico,  most  likely 
intended  to  represent  the  king  and  his  mistress.  R. 
Tompson  exc.  half  sheet ;  mezz. 

Madam  Davis;  tw^zz.  P.  Lely.     A.  de  Bois;Ato. 

Mary  Davis.  Kneller ;  W.  N.  Gardiner  so.  In 
Harding's  "  Grammont." 

Mrs.  Davis.  Bocquet  sc.  In^^  Grammont"  1809, 
8vo. 

Mary  Davis.     Schiavonetti ;  1792. 

At  Billingbere,  in  Berkshire,  the  seat  of  Richard  Neville  Neville, 
esq.  is  a  fine  portrait  of  her  by  Kneller,  with  a  black.  This  pic- 
ture, which  is  in  the  painter's  best  manner,  was  the  property  of 

*  The  guitar  was  never  in  so  gen«ral  Togae  in  England,  as  it  was  in  this  reign. 
The  king  was  pleased  with  hearing  Signor  Francisco,  an  Italian,  play  on  this 
instrament;  as  he  knew  how  to  fetch  better  masic  out  of  it  than  any  other  per* 
former.  Hence  it  became  fashionable  at  court,  and  especially  among  the  king's 
mistresses,  who  were  greater  leaders  in  fashions  of  all  kinds,  than  the  queen  herseif> 


OF    ENGLAND.  393 

Baptist  May,  who  was  pnry  purse  to  Charles  II.  and  of  smgular 
service  to  him  in  his  priTate  pleasures.* 

Mary  Davies,  mistress  to  Charles  II.  was  some  time  comedian  in 
the  Dake  of  York's  theatre.  She  had  one  daughter  by  the  king ; 
namely  Mary,  who  took  the  surname  of  Tador,  and  was,  in  1687, 
married  to  the  son  of  Sir  Francis  Ratcliflfe,  who  became  Earl  of 
Derwentwater.f 

MADAM  ELEANORA  G\y\NN.    Cooper  p.   G. 
Valck  sc.  Ate. 

Madam  Gwiy.  P.  Lely  p.  G.  Valck  sc.  A  lanib 
under  her  right  arm. 

Madam  Eleanor  Gwynn.  Lely  p.  A  lamb 
under  her  left  arm :  copied  from  the  former.  There  is 
another  copy  in  mezzotinto. 

Mrs.  Ellex  GwYxx.  P. Lely  p.  P  .Van  Bleeck  f. 
1751;   h.  sh.  mezz. 

Madam  Ellex  Gwyxx.  P.  Tempest  e^'C.  4to. 
mezz. 

*  John  Wilmot,  earl  of  Rodiester;  John  Sheffield,  earl  of  MuIgraTo;  Lord 
Backkurst,  afterward  earl  of  Dorset;  Henry,  son  of  Thomas  Killegrew;  Henry 
Savile;  Fleetwood  Sheppard,  and  Baptist  May,  were  generally  of  the  namberof 
those  select  and  face'tioas  parties  which  enlivened  the  evenings  of  Charles  IL  in  the 
apartments  of  his  mistresses.  The  last  hot  one  of  these  persons,  who,  as  well  as 
the  Earl  of  Dorset,  was  a  friend  and  patron  of  Prior,  was  a  gentleman-usher»  and 
daily-waiter,  and  afterward  usher  of  the  black  rod  to  King  William.  See  more  of 
these  faToarites  in  **  Athen.  Oxon.**  ii.  col.  1039.  See  also  Lord  Clarendon's 
<«  Continnat."  fol.  p.  338, 355, 438,  &c. 

t  It  would  be  too  indelicate  to  mention  the  particular  consequences  of  the  jalap, 
vhicfa  was  given  to  Moll  Davies  at  supper,  by  Nell  Gwynn,  who  knew  she  was  to 
He  the  same  night  with  the  king.  It  is  sufficient  to  hint  at  the  violence  of  its  ope« 
ration,  and  the  disastrous  effects :  such  effects  as  the  ancients  would  have  attributed 
to  Antero8,t  a  malignant  deity,  and  the  avowed  enemy  of  Cupid.  She  is  said  to 
have  captivated  the  monarch  with  her  song,  "  My  lodging  is  on  the  cold  ground,? 
in  the  character  of  Celania,  a  shepherdess  mad  for  love. 


X  Amp«c. 
VOL.  V.  3  E 


394  BIOGRAPHICAL    HISTORY 

Madam  Gwynn  ;   holding  a  nosegay  ;  large  Ato. 

Madam  Ellen  Gwin,  and  her  two  sons,  &c.  in 
the  characters  of  Vemcs  and  two  Cupids.  Henry  Gas- 
car  p.  sh. 

Madam  Ellen  Gwynn,  and  her  two  sons.  Lelyp* 
Tompson  e.vc.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Their  portraits,  in  one  piece,  are  at  Welbeck. 

Eleanor  Gwynn;  mezz.  with  a  lamb.  P.Lely; 
M'Ardell. 

JEleanor  Gwynn;   mezz.  Becket. 

Eleanor  Gwynn  ;  mezz.  de  Blots. 

Eleanor  Gwynn  ;  mezz.  Lely;   V.Green;  4to. 

Eleanor  Gwynn,  with  a  lamb;  in  an  oval;  P. 
Lely ;  J.  Ogborne. 

Eleanor  Gwynn.    R.  Williams, 

Eleanor  Gwynn.  Lely ;  Scheneker.  In  Hard- 
ing's "  Grammont ;'  1793. 

Nell  Gwyn.  Scheneker.  In  ''  Grammont  -^  8ro. 
1809. 

There  is  a  small  etching  of  her^  in  the  fine  manner 
of  Rembrandt.  It  was  done  by  G.  Spencer^  the  late 
painter  J  in  miniature,  after  a  picture  of  the  same  size  in 
Lord  Bristol's  Collection. 

Eleanor  Gwynn,  better  known  by  the  famib'ar  name  of  Nell,  was, 
at  her  first  setting  out  in  the  world,  a  plebeian  of  the  lowest  rank, 
and  sold  oranges  in  the  playhouse.  Nature  seems  to  have  quali- 
fied her  for  the  theatre.  Her  person,  tliough  below  the  middle  size, 
was  well-turned :  she  had  a  good  natural  air,  and  a  sprightliness 


OF   ENGLAND.  395 

that  promised  erery  thing  in  comedy.  She  was  instructed  by  Hart 
and  Lacjj  who  were  both  actors  of  eminence;  and,  in  ashorttime, 
she  became  eminent  herself  in  the  same  profession.  She  acted  the 
most  spirited  and  fantastic  parts  *  and  spoke  a  prologue  or  epilogue 
with  admirable  address.  The  pert  and  vivacious  prattle  of  the 
orange-wench,  was,  by  degrees,  refined  into  such  wit  as  could 
please  Charles  II.  Indeed  it  was  sometimes  carried  to  extrava- 
gance: but  even  her  highest  flights  were  so  natural,  that  they 
rather  provoked  laughter  than  excited  disgust.  She  is  said  to 
have  been  kept  by  Lord  Dorset,  before  she  was  retained  by  the 
king,  and  to  have  been  introduced  to  the  latter  by  the  Duke  of 
Buckingham,  with  a  view  of  supplanting  the  Dutchess  of  Cleve- 
land.f  Nell,  who  knew  how  to  mimic  every  thing  ridiculous  about 
the  court,  presently  ingratiated  herself  with  her  merry  sovereign, 
and  retained  a  considerable  place  in  his  affection  to  the  time  of  his 
death. — She  continued  to  hang  on  her  clothes  with  her  usual  neg- 
ligence when  she  was  the  king's  mistress :  but  whatever  she  did 
became  her.     Ob,  1687. J 

MADAM  JANE  ROBERTS.  Lely  p.  Sold  by 
hronme;  h.  sh.  mezz.  very  scarce. 

This  unhappy  woman,  who  was  also  one  of  the  king's  mistresses, 
was  the  daughter  of  a  clergyman,  and  is  said  by  Bishop  Burnet,  to 
have  fallen  into  '^  many  scandalous  disorders,  attended  with  very 
dismal  adventures."  But  her  sense  of  religion  was  so  far  from  being 
extinct,  when  she  was  engaged  in  an  ill  course  of  life,  that  she  fre- 
quently felt  all  the  poignancy  of  remorse.  She  died  a  sincere  pe- 
Bitent.     See  Burnet,  i.  p.  263,  507. 

*  She  very  rarely  appeared  in  tragedy,  but  is  known  to  have  acted  the  part  of 
Alinahide:  to  which  Lord  Lansdowii  alludes,  in  his  "  Progress  of  Beauty :" 

"  And  Almahide  once  more  by  kings  adored." 

-t  See  Burnet,  i.  p.  ^65, 

X  She  was,  or  affected  to  be,  very  orthodox,  and  a  friend  to  the  clergy  and  the 
church.  The  story  of  her  paying  the  debt  of  a  worthy  clergyman,  whom,  as  she 
was  going  through  the  city,  she  saw  some  bailiffs  hurrying  to  prison,  is  a  known 
fact  ;  as  is  also  that  of  her  being  insulted  in  her  coach  at  Oxford,  by  the  mob,  who 
mistook  her  for  the  Dutchess  of  Portsmouth.  Upon  which  she  looked  out  of  the 
-window,  and  said,  with  her  usual  good  humour.  Pray  good  people,  be  civil ;  J  am  tk§ 
jprotettant  whore.  This  laconic  speech  drew  upon  her  the  blessings  of  tb«  popalacf , 
who  suffered  her  to  proceed  without  farther  molestation. 


396  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

MRS.  KNIGHT,  a  famous  singer,  and  favourite  of 
King  Charles  II.  G.  Kneller  p.  J.  Faber  /.  1749. 
E  collectione  J.  Ellys ;  h.  sh.  mezz.  She  is  represented 
in  mourning  J  and  in  a  devout  posture^  before  a  cmci/Lv, 

Whettier  Mrs.  Kuight  were  penitent  from  the  same  kind  of  guilt 
that  Mrs.  Roberts  was,  is  altogether  uncertain.  Thus  much  we  are 
sure  of,  that  it  was  no  easy  task  for  a  woman  who  happened  to  be 
a  favourite  of  Charles,  and  could  probably  charm  him  by  her  person 
and  her  voice,  to  preserve  her  virtue.  She,  perhaps,  deserves  to  be 
in  better  company.*  There  is,  in  Waller's  "  Poems,"  a  song  "sung 
by  Mrs.  Knight,  to  her  majesty,  on  her  birth-day."  See  Granger's 
**  Letters,"  p.  162. 

The  Lady  (Mrs.)  WILLIAMS.  Leli/  p.  Cooper; 
large  h.  sh.  mezz. 

The  Lady  Williams.  Wissi^ig  p.  Becketf.  whole 
length;  large  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Mrs.  Williams  was  mistress  to  the  Duke  of  York ;  but  none  could 
ever  think  her  a  beauty.  Lady  Bellasyse  was  plain,  Mrs.  Sedley 
was  homely,  and  Mrs.  Churchill  was  just  the  reverse  of  handsome. 
The  king  said,  that  as  his  brother  had  been  a  sinner  with  the  beau- 
tiful part  of  the  sex,  it  was  probable  that  his  confessor  had  imposed 
such  mistresses  upon  him  by  way  of  penance. 

HESTHER  TRADESCANT;  in  the  same  print 
with  her  son;  from  a  picture  in  the  Ashmolean  Museum^ 
Oxford ;  Ato.  J.  Caul/ield  esc. 

Hesther  Tradescant  ;   in  an  oval ;  8vo.  J.Caul 
field  esc. 

*  If  any  credit  may  be  given  to  a  manuscript  lampoon,  dated  1686,  Mrs.  Knight 
was  employed  by  Charles  as  a  procuress :  particularly,  she  wa^  sent  with  overtures 
to  Nell  Gwynn ;  whom,  as  the  same  authority  says.  Lord  Buckhurst  would  not  part 
with,  till  he  was  reimbursed 'the  expenses  her  had  lavished  upon  her.  The  king  at 
length  created  him  earl  of  Middlesex  for  his  compliance  : 

"  Gave  hira  an  earldom  to  resign  his  b — tch.'- 


OF  ENGLAND.  397 

Hesiher,  the  widow  of  John  Tradescant,  jun.  v;ho  died  in  1662, 
being  compelled,  by  a  decree  in  Chancery,  to  deliver  up  to  Elias 
Ashmole,  the  moseam  collected  by  her  husband  and  his  father, 
which  had  been  made  over  to  him  by  a  deed  of  gift  of  her  husband's. 
She  was  so  much  afflicted  as  to  drown  herself,  a  few  days  after  being , 
despoiled  of  the  property,  in  a  pond  in  her  own  garden.  There  is 
a  print  of  Tradescant*s  house  in  South  Lambeth,  etched  by  J.  T. 
Smith. 

MADAM  HUGHES.  P.  Lely  p.  1677;  h.  sh. 
mczz. 

Madam  Hewse,  (Hughs).  Lely p.  R.Williams f. 
h.  sh.  tnezz. 

Mrs.  Hughes.  Bocquet  sc.  In  "  Grammont ;'  8vo. 
1809.      . 

Margaret. Hughes  was  mistress  to  Prince  Rupert.  He  bought  for 
her  the  magnificent  seat  of  Sir  Nicholas  Crispe,  near  Hammersmith, 
which  cost  25,000/.  the  building.  It  was  afterward  sold  to  Mr. 
Lannoy,  a  scarlet-dyer.  The  prince  had  one  daughter  by  her, 
named  Ruperta,  born  in  1671.  She  married  Emmanuel  Seroope 
Howe,  esq.  brigadier-general  in  the  reign  of  Anne,  and  envoy  ex- 
traordinary to  the  house  of  Brunswick  Lunenburg.  He  was  brother 
to  Seroope,  lord  viscount  Howe,  of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland.* 
Captain  Alexander  Radcliffe,  in  his  "  Ramble,"  evidently  points  at 
Mrs.  Hughes, 

"  Should  I  be  hanged  I  could  not  choose 
Bui  laugh  at  wh-r*8  that  drop  from  stews. 

Seeing  that  mistress  Margaret 

So  fine  is/' 


*  Sandford,  p.  571,  edit.  1707.  It  appears  from  the  same  page,  that  he  had  also 
a  natural  son  by  Frances  Bard,  daughter  of  Henry,  viscount  Beilomont,  in  Ireland. 
This  son  was  commonly  called  Dudley  Rupert.  He  served  as  a  volunteer  in  the 
emperor's  army,  at  the  siege  of  Buda,  where  he  was  killed  the  ISth  of  July,  1686, 
In  the  ll^Oth  year  of  his  age.  See  an  account  of  Lord  Beilomont,  or  Bellemont,  in 
«<  Fast  Oxon."  ii.  col.  38. 


398  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 


WIVES  OF  ARTISTS,  &c. 

MRS.  GIBSON.  Walker  sc.  Jn  the  iame  plate  with 
her  husband.  Engraved  for  the  '*  Anecdotes  of  Paint- 
ing ;''  Ato. 

■ 

Her  portrait,  by  Vandyck,  is  in  the  same  picture  with  the  Dutchess 
of  Richmond,  at  Wilton.  ^ 

Mrs.  Anne  Gibson,  whose  maiden  name  was  Shepherd,  was  wife 
to  Richard  Gibson,  painter,  and  page  of  the  back-stairs  to  Charles 
I.  That  prince  and  his  queen  honoured  the  nuptials  of  this  dimi- 
nutive couple  with  their  presence.  They  seemed  to  be  just  tallid 
for  each  other y  being  exactly  three  feet  ten  inches  in  height. 

"  Design  or  chance  makes  others  wive. 
But  nature  did  tiiis  match  contrive  \ 
Eve  might  as  well  have  Adam  fled, 
As  she  denied  her  little  bed 
To  him,  for  whom  heav'n  seemed  to  frame 
And  measure  out  tliis  only  dame,"  Sec. 

^VaIler  on  the  Marriage  of  the  Dwarfs. 

They  had  nine  children,  who  were  all  of  a  proper  size. — Mrs.  Gib- 
son died  in  1709,  in  the  98th  year  of  her  age. 

D.  DOROTHEA  NARBONA,  uxor  D.  Thomae 
Raulins  (vel  Rawlins),  supremi  sculptoris  sigilli  Caroli 
I.  et  Caroli  II.  &c.  /.  Careu  del.  Ant.  Vander  Doesf. 
Ato. 

Thomas  Rawlins,  her  husband,  was  also  an  engraver  of  medals. 

MRS.  VAILLANT.  W.  Vaillantf  Ato.  mezz. 

There  are^  at  leasts  two  prints  of  her,  done  by  her 
husband. 

Mrs.  Vaillant,  with  three  children,  one  on  her 
right  hand  in  cap  and  feather.    W.  Vaillant ;  scarce. 


OF  ENGLAND.  399 

This  person  was  wife  of  Warner.  Vaillant,  the  eagraver,  of  whom 
there  is  an  account  in  the  preceding  class. 

ELIZABETH  COOPER.    Leli/  p.   W.  Faithomef. 
whole  length;  h.  sh.  mezz.  She  is  represented  young. 

Probably  one  of  the  family  of  Cooper,  the  printseller^  mentioned 
in  the  foregoing  class. 


SCOTCH  LADIES. 

The  Dutchess  of  LAUDERDALE,  in  the  same  plate 
with  the  duke.  Lely  p.  R.  Tompson  exc.  sh.  mezz. 

The  original  picture  is  at  Lord  Dysert's,  at  Petersham. 

Tliis  lady,  who  was  second  wife  to  the  Duke  of  Lauderdale,  was 
daughter  and  heir  to  William  Murray,  earl  of  Dysert,  and  widow  of 
Sir  Lionel  Tolmach,*  of  Helmingham,  in  Suffolk.  Here  she  was 
frequently  visited  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  which  occasioned  the  report 
of  their  amorous  correspondence.  She  was  a  woman  of  great  quick- 
ness of  wit,  of  an  extensive  knowledge  of  the  world,  and  of  uncom- 
mon penetration  in  state  affairs.  But  her  politics  seemed  to  have  been 
of  much  the  same  cast  with  those  of  her  husband.  Bishop  Burnet  tells 
us,  that  "  shjB  writ  him  a  long  account  of  shutting  up  the  Exchequer,'* 
as  both  just  and  necessary  ."f  It  was  much  the  same  sort  of  neces- 
sity that  put  her  upon  setting  to  sale  all  kinds  of  offices,  during  the 
duke^s  oppressive  administration  in  Scotland.  It  is  well  known  that 
he  acted  in  that  kingdom  like  an  eastern  monarch,  and  his  dutchess 
carried  herself  with  all  the  haughtiness  of  a  sultana  who  governed 
him.t 

The  Lady  LORNE.  P.  Lely  p.  h.  sh.  mezz. 

Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Lionel  Tolmach,  by  Elizabeth  his  wife, 
afterward  dutchess  of  Lauderdale.  She  married  Archibald,  lord 
Lome,  who  became  earl,  and  at  length  duke  of  Argyle,  to  which 
title  he  was  raised  23  June,  1701. 

*  Vulgo  Talmash. 

t  See  Buraet's  "  Hist,  of  his  own  Time/'  I.  p,  306. 

t  Ibid.  I.  p.  339. 


400  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTCyRY 

LADY  GRAMMONT.  Lely  p.  M^Ardell  f.  mezz. 
From  the  original  in  the  gallery  at  Windsor* 

There  is  an  etching  of  her  by  Powle^  -after  Leljj, 
which  was  done  for  the  edition  of  the  "  Memoirs  de  Gram- 
montj"  printed  at  Strawberry-hill. 

Lady  Grammont.  W.  N.  Gardiner  sc. 

ITiis  amiable  lady  was  the  wife  of  Count  Grammont,  and  sister  of 
Count  Hamilton,  author  of  the  "  Memoires  de  Grammont."  Charles 
II.  in  a  letter  addressed  to  the  Dutchess  of  Orleans,  speaks  thus  of 
her;  "I  believe  she  will  pass  for  a  handsome  woman  in  France, 
&c.  She  is  as  good  a  creature  as  ever  lived.*'t  See  Grammont 
in  the  Appendix. 


IRISH  LADIES. 

The  Countess  of  MEATH.   Paulas  Mignard,  Ave- 
monensis  p.   Londini ;  P.  Van  Somer  f.  h.sh.  mez 
scarce. 


Probably  wife  of  the  Earl  of  Meath,  who  was  drowned  in  1675, 
near  Holyhead,  in  Wales,  in  his  passage  from  Ireland. 

The  Countess  of  OSSORY.  Wissing  p.  Becket  f. 
h.  sh.  mezz. 

AMELIA  of  Nassau,  wife  of  Thomas,  earl  of  Os- 
sory.  See  Lady  Arlington,  in  the  division  of  the 
English  countesses. J 

•  Mac  Ardell  undertook  to  engrave  the  gallery  of  Beauties  at  Windsor;  ofwhkh 
he  did  the  portrait  above'described,  and  that  of  Mrs,  erroneously  called  ladq^  Middle- 
ton.  He  was  prevented  in  making  any  farther  progress  in  this  work  by  death :  but 
we  have  artists  now  living,  wlio  are  well  able  to  prosecute  this  design,  and  to  do  jtw- 
tice  to  Vandyck. 

t  Dalrynipie's  "  Memoirs,"  ii.  p.  26. 

X  There  is  a  mezEotinto  print  by  Van  Somer,  after  S.  Brown,  inscribed  "  Made- 
nioist'ile  Chailutte  de  Beeverwacrde."  I  take  this  lady  to  be  one  of  tht  four  sisters  uf 


\3m^/iA^/  r.f/uy   ^  IxWhaJ   -  Jr//r//  ('-^/■'/z'/'///, 


■/'//  f'-''///'/;///. 


•  fiy  W"RicA-ii-/i">i  CulUSl-'tt  Lii 


OF  ENGLAND.  401 

Amelia,  countess  of  Ossory;    mezz.    Leljf ;   T. 
Watson  ;  in  the  gallery  at  Windsor. 

Amelia,  countess  of  Ossory;  niezz.  a  small  oval. 

The  Lady  MARY  FIELDING,  sole  daughter  of 
Bamham,  yiscount  Carlingford.  Lely  p.  J.  Becket  f. 
h.  sh.  mezz^  See  Robert  Fielding,  Class  VlIL 

Mary  Swift,  the  only  daughter  of  Barnham  Swift,  yiscount  Car- 
lingford, in  the  decline  of  her  life  married  Bea.u  Fielding.  After 
her  death^  in  1682,  he  sold  and  dissipated  the  whole  fortune  of  the 
Swift  iainfly.  .  See  Lodge*s  ^*  Talbot  Papers,*'  vol.  i.  p.  192,  note. 

CONSTANTIA  LUCY,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard 
Lucy  (of  Broxbome,  in  Hertfordshire),  sister  to  Sir 
Kingsmill,  and  aunt  to  Sir  Berkley,  wife  to  Henry^  lord 
Colerane.  Ob.  1680.  A  small  round y  with  or f laments: 
it  seems  to  be  a  head-piece.  Arms^  three  luces,  or  pikes, 
Sfc.  a/tpr  the  design  of  Henry,  lord  Colerane,  by  J. 
Collins. 

CoNSTANTiA  LucY,  lady  Colerane;  in  a  circle. 
W.  Richardson. 

Constantia,  first  wife  of  Henry,  lord  Colerane,  an  eminent  anti- 
quary and  virtuoso.  He  had  by  her  two  sons,  Hugh  and  Lucius ; 
and  a  daughter  named  Constantia,  who  married  Hugh  Smithson, 
esq.  of  Tottenham,  in  Middlesex. 

.  CATHARINE,  only  daughter  of  Robert,  and  sister 
of  Sir  Robert  Southwell,  of  King's  Weston,  in  Com. 
Glou.  knt.  wife  to  Sir  John  Perceval,  bart.  (7th  of  that 
name)  bom  the  1st  of  September,  1637,  married  the 


Lady  Ossory.  There  is  another  mezzotinto,  inscribed,  "  Madam  Helyot"  (possibly 
Elliot),  by  Uoyd,  after  Latterel.  I  have  seen  the  same  name  ou  the  print  of  a  nau 
by  Edelinck ;  but  the  persons  are  apparently  different. 


VOL.  V.  3  F 


402  BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 

14th  of  February,  1655,  died  the  I7th  of  August,  1679. 
J.  Faberf.  1743,  8w.  mezz.  Engraved  for  the^  "  Bx9- 
tory  of  the  House  of  YveryT 

CATHARINE,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Dering,  of 
Surrenden,  in  Kent,  bart.  wife  to  Sir  John  Perceval, 

bart,  (8th  of  that  name)  bom married  Feb.  1680-1, 

died  Feb.  1691-2.  Faha^f  1743.  Engrwed  for  tkt 
same  book. 

Lady  Perceval,  though  some  of  her  ancestors  sacked  towps  and 
conquered  kingdoms,  had  sense  enough  to  know  that  benevolence 
of  the  heart  and  bounty  of  the  hand,  virtues  for  which  she  was  par- 
ticularly eminent,  would  avail  her  more  than  all  the  borrowed  lustre 
of  ancestral  honours.  The  illustrious  descent  of  the  house  of  Dering, 
*^  from  different  branches  of  the  Norman  line  of  English  kings,'' 
"from  the  imperial  house  of  Charlemagne,  or  that  of  France,***  upon 
which  the  family  has  long  plumed  itself,  were,  in  her  estimation, 
the  lightest  of  all  vanities.  She  married  to  her  second  husband  Col. 
Butler,  a  gentleman  of  Ireland ;  and,  in  a  short  time  after  her  mas- 
riage,  died  on  the  2d  of  Feb.  1691-2.  She  lies  buried  in  Chelsea 
church. 


A  FOREIGN  DUTCHESS,  &c. 

ORTANCE  MANCHINI  (Hortense  Mancini), 
dutchess  of  Mazarine,  &c.  P.Lely  p.  G.  Valck  sc, 
1678  ;  large  h.  sh.  finely  executed. 

Ortance  Manchini,  &c.  Lelyp.  Verkolijef  1680, 
Ato.  mezz. 

The  Dutchess  of  Mazarine.   f  S.  Lloyd exc. 

mezz. 

Another  engraved  after  the  direction  of  Picart^  Qvo. 

•  "  Hist,  of  the  House  of  Yvcry."  11.  p.  :S96,  &c. 

/ 


<  OF  ENGLAND.  ■•  403 

The  Dutchess  of  Mazarine;  mezx.  A.  de  Blots. 

The  Dutchess  of  Mazarine.  Lely ;  P.  Lombart; 
prefixed  to  ^^  La  Pratique  des  Vertues  Chritiennes  ;^ 
1669;  8vo. 

The  Dutchess  of  Mazarine;  mezz.  Lely;  V.  Somer. 
The  Dutchess  of  Mazarine.    Stephani  ;  folio* 

The  Dutchess  of  Mazarine.     Lely;    Tompson; 

fnezz.  ■ "       ' 

< 

The  Dutchess  of  Mazarine  ;  mezz.  G.  Valck. 

The  Dutchess  of  Mazarine  ;  as  Pomona.  Netscher; 
J.  Watson;  1777;  mezz. 

In  the  English  translation  of  St.  Evremond's  works  is  a  copy 
from  Locnbart's  print  of  the  Dutchess  of  York,  inscribed,  "  The 
Dutchess  of  Mazarine." 

Hortense  Mancini  was,  by  permission  of  Lewis  XIV.  heiress  to 
the  title,  arms,  and  estate  gf  her  uncle,  the  famous  Cardinal  Maza- 
rine ;  all  which  she  transferred,  by  a  marriage-contract,  to  the  Duke 
of  Meilleiaye,  whom  she  espoused.  She  possessed  every  qualifica- 
tion that  could  inspire  love,  and  appears  to  have  been  extremely 
susceptible  of  that  passion  herself.  Having  quarrelled  with  the 
duke  her  husband,  she  came  into  England,  flushed  with  the  con-  1611 
quests  she  had  made  in  her  own  country.  She  had  evidently  a  de- 
sign upon  Charles  II.*  and  was  regarded  as  a  most  formidable  rival 
to  the  Dutchess  of  Portsmouth.  It  is  said  that  a  discovery  of  an 
intrigue,  in  which  she  imprudently  engaged  soon  after  she  came 
over,  prevented  her  gaining  the  ascendant  in  the  royal  favour. 
The  king,  however,  assigned  her  an  annual  pension  of  4000/. 
She  lived  many  years  at  Chelsea,  where  her  house  was  daily 
resorted  to  by  the  witty,  the  gallant,  and  polite.     St.  Evremond, 

*  Fenton,  in  his  Observations  on  Waller's  '*  Triple  Combat/'  informs  us,  that 
she  was  once  thought  a  fit  match  for  Charles ;  and  that  Henrietta  Maria  and  Cardi- 
nal Mazarine  bad  designed  her  for  his  queen.  The  same  anthor  observes  that  she 
once  had  the  greatest  fSartfme  of  anj  lad j^  in  Europe. 


404    *^    BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY,  Ac. 

her  avowed  -.i/.i^^Irer,  has  drawn  her  character  to  great  advantage; 
indeed  so  fat,  that  we  presently  see  his  passions  were  too  much 
engaged  fc  a  candid  historian.  He  could  scarce  think  that  so 
angelic  a  creature  had  any  foibles,  much  less  that  she  had  vices 
which  would  have  disgraced  the  meanest  of  her  sex.  Ob.  2  Jaly, 
1699.* 

The  notices  that  we  have  of  most  of  the  ladies  in  this  reign,  or 
any  other,  ai'e  but  slender.  If  Mrs.  Manleyf  had  £ourished  at  this 
period,  there  is  no  question  but  we  should  have  had  more  of  their 
secret  history.  It  would  doubtless  have  afforded  a  much  more  plen- 
tiful harvest  for  such  a  writer  than  the  reign  of  Anne. 
•  *    ,  ' 

*  It  appears  from  several  printed  letters  of  Cardinal  Mazarine  to  Lewis  XIV.  that 
ibat  prince  was  much  in  love  with  another  niece  of  the  cardinal's,  at  the  time  of  his 
marriage  treaty  with  the  infanta. 

t  Adthor  of  the  **  New  Atalantis.*' 


END  OF  VOL.  V. 


Printed  by  J.  F.  Dove,  St.  John's  Square. 


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